Dhammaanteen waan maqalnay wax ku saabsan “ daruurka^(cloud) ” dadka badankiisuna way ogyihiin in xisaabinta daruuraha ay ka dhigan tahay inaad isticmaasho isku xirka internetka si aad u gasho software iyo adeegyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira noocyo badan oo xisaabinta daruuraha kuwaas oo leh ujeedooyin iyo faa'iidooyin kala duwan.

Noocyada Ugu Muhiimsan ee Xisaabinta Daruudaha

Marka aan ka hadalno "noocyada" xisaabinta daruuraha, tani waxay tixraaci kartaa laba shay oo kala duwan. Hal dariiqo oo lagu eego xisaabinta daruuraha ayaa ah in diiradda la saaro waxa tignoolajiyada loo isticmaalo. Inta badan maqaalkani waxa uu diiradda saarayaa taas, laakiin marka hore waxaan u baahanahay inaan eegno xisaabinta daruuraha marka loo eego qaab-dhismeedkeeda. 

Marka laga eego dhinacan, waxaa jira saddex nooc oo xisaabinta daruuraha.

1. Kaabayaasha Adeeg ahaan ( ^{(Infrastructure as a Service ()}IaaS ) 

Hal nooc oo ka mid ah xisaabinta daruuraha ayaa bixiya agabka xarunta xogta ee baahida loo qabo. Waxaad shubtaa oo/ama qortaa dhammaan software-ka. Tani waxay asal ahaan la mid tahay iibsashada xarunta xogtaada, marka laga reebo inaad kiraysato qalabka.

2. Platform Adeeg ahaan (PaaS)

Haddii aad rabto inaad horumariso codsiyada daruuriga ah, laakiin aadan rabin inaad ilaaliso nidaamyada hawlgalka ama deegaanka horumarka ee daruuraha, waxaad u baahan tahay PaaS . Waxay ku siin doonaan qalabka aad u baahan tahay si aad u samayso adeegga daruurahaaga ama app-kaaga.

3. Software-ka Adeeg ahaan (SaaS) 

Haddii aadan ahayn bixiye daruur ama horumariye, markaa SaaS waa nooca ugu badan ee xisaabinta daruuraha ee aad la kulmi doonto. Ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan noocyada xisaabinta daruuraha ee aan hoos uga hadli doonno waa tusaale SaaS waxaana loogu talagalay isticmaalayaasha dhamaadka. 

4. Kirada Kombiyuutarka fog

Haddii aad u baahan tahay gelitaanka kombiyuutarka ee xarunta xogta, waxaad bixin kartaa lacag si aad u hesho marin gaar ah ama la wadaago. Tani waxay la mid tahay sida loo isticmaalo desktop fog^{(remote desktop)} si aad uga soo gasho kombayutarka gurigaaga, tusaale ahaan kombayutarka tablet-ka ah. Farqiga u dhexeeya ayaa ah inaadan bixin kharashka kumbiyuutarka, ma aha inaad ilaaliso, iyo dhammaan madax-xanuunnada kale ee aad ku heli karto 24/7 qof kale ayaa ku daryeelaya hal lacag.

Tani waa doorasho caan ah oo loogu talagalay dadka u baahan helitaanka noocyada hardware qaarkood wakhtiyada qaarkood ama aan doonaynin inay si joogto ah u yeeshaan kombuyuutar u baahan in marar badan la cusboonaysiiyo. Tusaale ahaan, waxaad ku kireysan kartaa Mac ku dhex jira daruuraha^{(Mac in the cloud)} , ama laga yaabee inaad u baahato kumbiyuutarka shaqada ee aadka u dheereya si uu kuu jajabiyo nambarada qaar ka dibna kuu soo diro natiijooyinka.

5. Mashiinka Virtual ee Daruuraha

Isticmaalka mashiinka farsamada waa nooc ka mid ah xisaabinta daruuraha oo xoogaa la xidhiidha nooca hadda la sheegay, marka laga reebo inaadan kiraynayn kumbiyuutar jireed. Taa baddalkeeda, waxaad bixinaysaa mashiinka farsamada^{(virtual machine)} gacanta ee la shaqeeya mashiinno kale oo badan oo isla kumbuyuutarka jirka ah. 

Isticmaalayaal badan, kala duwanaanshuhu dhib kuma laha oo waxay raaci doonaan uun ikhtiyaarka ka jaban. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kiraysashada kumbuyuutarka xarunta xogta jireed ee isticmaalkaaga gaarka ah waxay la macno tahay inaad hesho waxqabad dammaanad ah mar walba.

6. Codsiyada Cloud Cloud

App-ka asalka ah ee Cloud waa mid ku shaqeeya kaabayaasha xisaabinta daruuraha waxaana la soo saaray bilawgii si uu ugu shaqeeyo habkaas. Markaa ku socodsiinta Microsoft Word mashiinka farsamada gacanta ee aad ku kiraysato daruurtu maaha^{(not )} tusaale codsiga daruuriga asalka ah. 

App - ka Office 365 Word ee aad ka gasho biraawsarkaaga si kastaba ha ahaatee waa codsi daruureed hooyo. Waxa la mid ah codsiyada sida Gmail iyo inta badan adeegyada daruuraha ku salaysan ee aad isticmaasho maalin kasta.

7. Kaydinta daruuraha

Kaydinta daruurtu^{(Cloud Storage)} waa fikrad fudud. Halkii aad ku kaydsan lahayd faylalkaaga darawal adag oo ku jira kombuyuutarkaaga ama Hard Drive-ka dibadda ee deegaanka, waxaad ku kaydinaysaa adeega daruuraha ee kombayutarka fog.

Inta badan adeegyada kaydinta daruuraha ayaa aad uga badan wadista dibadda ee cirka. Xogtaada waxa loo kaydiyaa si waafaqsan heerarka caalamiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan in dhawr nuqul oo aan la soo koobi karin lagu kaydiyo meelo jidh ahaan gaar ah. Adeegyada kaydinta daruurtu^(Cloud) waxay sidoo kale bixiyaan awoodo dheeraad ah, sida inaad awood u yeelatid inaad ka dhex raadiso faylashaada ama aad ku tafatirto daruuraha.

Tusaalooyinka Kaydinta Cloud waxaa ka mid ah Google Drive , Microsoft OneDrive , DropBox , iyo Apple iCloud .

8. Baraha Bulshada

Baraha bulshada ayaa dunida qabsaday. Waxaa jirta fursad wanaagsan in qof kasta oo akhriya maqaalkan uu isticmaalo ugu yaraan mid ka mid ah adeegyada warbaahinta bulshada ee waaweyn, haddii ay tahay Facebook , Twitter , Instagram , ama mid ka mid ah magacyada kale ee waaweyn. Hadday sidaas tahay, waxaad isticmaalaysaa adeegga daruuraha. Inkasta oo laga yaabo inaadan u malayn warbaahinta bulshada inay yihiin codsiyada daruuraha, dhammaan xogtaada iyo inta badan xisaabaadka loo isticmaalo adeegyadan waxay ku nool yihiin daruuraha.

9. Adeegyada Streaming Madadaalada

Haddii aad ku dhegaysanayso muusig Spotify ama aad daawanayso Netflix Original ugu dambeeyay , waxaad isticmaalaysaa adeeg daruureed. In kasta oo apps-yada ku shaqeeya aaladdaada ay qabtaan qaar ka mid ah shaqada, inta badan qaadista culus waxay ku socotaa meel fog oo ah xarunta xogta.

Ma aha oo kaliya in adeegyadani ay u soo dirayaan macluumaadka qalabkaaga dalabaad, waxay si firfircoon u hagaajiyaan tayada iyadoo ku xiran xiriirkaaga internetka. Adeegyadani waxay sidoo kale il gaar ah ku hayaan waxa aad ku qabato adeegga, si ay u soo jeediyaan talooyin ku salaysan xogtaada shakhsi ahaaneed iyo tan isticmaalayaasha kale.

Waxa kale oo aad sii dayn kartaa ciyaaraha fiidyaha. Uma baahnid inaad iibsato console ama aad dhisto PC gaming, kaliya bixi si aad u isticmaasho adeega sida Xcloud, Geforce Now , iyo Google Stadia . Waxay ku shaqeeyaan kiniiniyada, TV-yada^(TVs) smart , ama wax kasta oo leh browserka iyo taageerada kontaroolaha. Ciyaarta daruurtu^(Cloud) wali waa cusub tahay, marka dhammaan dhiqlaha lagama shaqayn. Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii aad leedahay isku xirnaan internet oo heer sare ah, waxaa habboon in aad mar hore isku daydo.

10. Adeegyada daruuraha oo baahsan

Adeegyada daruuriga dhaqameedku waxay ku tiirsan yihiin xarumaha xogta dhexe si ay u shaqeeyaan, laakiin waxaa jira walaacyo gaar ah oo tan la socda. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad ka dhex raadin karto dukumeentigaaga gudaha adeeg sida Google Docs , waxay la macno tahay Google (mabda' ahaan) sidoo kale wuu akhrin karaa wax kasta oo ku jira dukumeentigaas. Waxa kaliya ee ku ilaalinaya waa sharciyada sirta ah iyo siyaasada bixiyaha daruuriga gaar ahaan, laakiin ma jirto caqabad dhab ah oo kaa ilaalinaysa macluumaadkaaga iyaga.

Tani waa halka ay ka timid fikradda bixiyayaasha daruuraha ee baahsan. Dukumiintiyada garaafka^{(Graphite Docs)} (hadda maqan) ayaa laga yaabaa inay tahay tusaalaha ugu caansan. Graphite Docs waxay u shaqeysay wax badan sida Google Docs , ugu yaraan marka laga eego dhinaca isticmaalaha, laakiin ma aysan lahayn xarun xogeed dhexe. Taa beddelkeeda, waxay adeegsatay tignoolajiyada blockchain si ay u martigeliso oo u sirayso xogta isticmaalaha. Waxaad ka heli faa'iidooyinka wax soo saarka daruur la'aan walaacyo gaar ah. 

Nasiib darrose, dukumeentiyada Graphite^{(Graphite Docs)} waa la xidhay 2020, laakiin kombuyuutarkiisu waa Isha Furan^{(Open Source)} , taas oo macnaheedu yahay qof kasta oo kale wuxuu dejin karaa nooc u gaar ah.

Waxa kale oo jira xulashooyin kale oo horumarineed oo abka, sida Stacks (oo hore u ahaan jiray Blockstacks ) kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad qorto "dapps" ama apps-ka baahsan^{(decentralized apps)} ee ku xidha lacagaha ku salaysan blockchain.

Madaxa Nool ee Daruuraha

Iyadoo had iyo jeer ay jiri doonto meel loogu talagalay kombuyuutarkaaga gaarka ah, waxay u muuqataa in mustaqbalka uu noqon doono mid aad iyo aad u badan oo daruur ku salaysan. Marka intarneedku uu ugu dambeyntii daboolo meeraha oo dhan, waxaan arki doonaa daruuraha oo noqda nooca ugu muhiimsan ee farsamada kombiyuutarka.

10 Types of Cloud Computing You Should Know About

We’ve all heard about the “cloud” and most people know that cloud computing means that you have to use an internet connection to access software and services. However, there are many types of cloud computing that have different purposes and advantages.

The Main Types of Cloud Computing

When we talk about the “types” of cloud computing, this can refer to two different things. One way of looking at cloud computing is to focus on what the technology is used for. Most of this article is focused on that, but first we need to look at cloud computing in terms of its architecture. 

From this point of view, there are three kinds of cloud computing.

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 

One type of cloud computing offers on-demand data center resources. You load and/or write all the software. This is essentially like buying your own data center, except that you’re renting the hardware.

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

If you want to develop cloud applications, but don’t want to maintain the operating systems or development environment in the cloud, you need PaaS. They’ll provide the tools you need to make your cloud service or app.

3. Software as a Service (SaaS) 

If you aren’t a cloud provider or a developer, then SaaS is the most common type of cloud computing you’ll encounter. Almost all the cloud computing types we’re going to discuss below are an example of SaaS and are aimed at end-users. 

4. Remote Computer Rental

If you need access to a computer in a data center, you can pay to have exclusive or shared access. This is exactly the same as using a remote desktop to access your home computer from, for example, a tablet computer. The difference is that you don’t have to pay for the computer, you don’t have to maintain it, and all the other headaches of making it available to you 24/7 are taken care of by someone else for a single fee.

This is a popular choice for people who need access to certain types of hardware some of the time or who don’t want to permanently own a computer that needs to be upgraded often. For example, you can rent a Mac in the cloud, or perhaps you need a super-fast workstation computer to crunch some numbers for you and then send you the results.

5. Virtual Machine in the Cloud

Using a virtual machine is a type of cloud computing somewhat related to the type just mentioned, except that you aren’t renting a physical computer. Instead, you’re paying for a virtual machine that’s running alongside many other virtual machines on the same physical computer. 

For many users, the distinction doesn’t matter and they’ll just go with the cheaper option. However, renting a physical data center computer for your exclusive use does mean you get guaranteed performance at all times.

6. Native Cloud Applications

A native cloud app is one that runs on cloud computing infrastructure and was developed from the start to work that way. So running Microsoft Word on a virtual machine you’re renting in the cloud is not an example of a native cloud application. 

The Office 365 Word app that you access through your browser is however a native cloud application. The same goes for applications like Gmail and most cloud-based services you use every day.

7. Cloud Storage

Cloud Storage is a simple concept. Instead of saving your files on a hard drive in your computer or on a local external hard drive, you save it using a cloud service on a remote computer.

Most cloud storage services are much more than an external drive in the sky. Your data is stored according to international standards, which includes having several redundant copies stored in physically separate locations. Cloud storage services also offer extra capabilities, such as being able to search within your files or editing them in the cloud.

Examples of Cloud Storage include Google Drive, Microsoft OneDrive, DropBox, and Apple iCloud.

8. Social Media

Social media has taken the world by storm. There’s a good chance that everyone reading this article uses at least one of the major social media services, whether it’s Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, or any of the other big names. If so, you’re using a cloud service. Even though you may not think of social media as cloud applications, all your data and most of the computing used with these services live in the cloud.

9. Entertainment Streaming Services

Whether you’re listening to music on Spotify or watching the latest Netflix Original, you’re making use of a cloud service. Although the apps running on your device do some of the work, most of the heavy lifting goes on far away in a data center.

Not only are these services sending content to your device on-demand, they dynamically adjust the quality depending on your internet connection. These services also keep a close eye on what you do with the service, so they can make recommendations based on your personal data and that of other users.

You can also stream video games. You don’t have to buy a console or build a gaming PC, just pay to use a service such as Xcloud, Geforce Now, and Google Stadia. They work with tablets, smart TVs, or just about anything with a browser and controller support. Cloud gaming is still very new, so all the bugs haven’t been worked out. However, if you have excellent internet connectivity it’s worth trying already.

10. Decentralized Cloud Services

Traditional cloud services rely on centralized data centers to work, but there are privacy concerns that go with this. For example, if you can search inside your documents in a service like Google Docs, it means Google can (in principle) read everything inside that document too. The only thing protecting you are privacy laws and the cloud provider’s own privacy policy, but there’s no actual barrier to protecting your information from them.

This is where the idea of a decentralized cloud provider came from. The (now defunct) Graphite Docs is perhaps the best-known example. Graphite Docs worked a lot like Google Docs, at least from a user’s perspective, but it didn’t have a central data center. Instead, it used blockchain technology to host and encrypt user data. You get the advantages of cloud productivity without privacy concerns. 

Sadly, Graphite Docs shut down in 2020, but its source code is Open Source, which means anyone else can set up their own version.

There are also other decentralized app development options, such as Stacks (formerly Blockstacks) which lets you write “dapps” or decentralized apps that connect to blockchain-based currencies.

Living Head in the Clouds

While there will always be a place for your personal computer, it seems that the future will be more and more cloud-based. As the internet eventually covers the entire planet, we’ll be seeing the cloud become the most important type of computer technology.

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