Maqaal hore, waxaanu ku faahfaahiyay sida loo isticmaalo amarka daamurka si loo abuuro kayd. In kasta oo daamurku uu yahay nidaam cadaadis badan oo Linux ah , kuma dhowa sida caan u ah isticmaaleyaasha Windows iyo Mac OS X , kuwaas oo heli doona inta badan kaydkooda oo la sameeyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo qaabka zip-ka.

Way fududahay in la isticmaalo Zip (si loo abuuro) iyo ka fur^(Unzip) (si loo balaadhiyo) kaydadka Linux . Dhab ahaantii, inta badan barnaamijyada maamulka kaydinta GUI (sida Ark , File Roller iyo Xarchiver ), waxay u dhaqmi doonaan sidii hore si aad u qurux badan barnaamij kasta oo kaydinta khadka taliska ee aad ku leedahay kombuyutarkaaga, Zip ma aha mid ka reeban. Dabcan, waxaan sidoo kale ka isticmaali karnaa Zip ka Terminalka^(Terminal) . Waa kan sida.

Tallaabada ugu horreysa, sida aad u malayn karto, waa in la furo Terminalka^(Terminal) .

Marka xigta, ku qor " sudo apt-get install zip unzip " (la'aanteed xigashooyinka), kaliya si aad u hubiso inaan haysano sibka oo fur oo rakib.

Fiiro gaar ah: haddii labadaas barnaamij hore loo rakibay, waxaad heli doontaa fariin sheegaysa inay tani dhacdo, sida kor ku cad.^{(Note: if those two programs are already installed, you’ll receive a message stating this to be the case, as shown above.)}

Marka la rakibo, waxaan isticmaali karnaa sibka si aan u abuurno kayd (ama u beddelno kuwa jira), oo aan ka furno si aan ugu ballaarino asalkooda. Maqaalkan dartiis, waxaan ku abuuri doonaa gal cusub oo ku yaal Desktop -kayaga , oo loo yaqaan Stuff . Terminalka^(Terminal) , waxaanu ku samayn karnaa hal amar - mkdir /home/username/Desktop/Stuff (dabcan, waxaad ku beddeli doontaa "username" magacaaga isticmaalaha, sida hoos ku cad, iyo haddii aad hore u haysatid folder Stuff ah. on your Desktop , waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad bedesho magaca).

Hadda oo aan haysano gal Stuff , waxaan isticmaali doonaa amarka 'cd' si aan uga dhigno galka Stuff hagaha shaqada ee hadda.

cd /home/username/Desktop/Stuff

Hadda, ku qor doc1.txt doc2.txt doc3.txt && mkdir Files^{(touch doc1.txt doc2.txt doc3.txt && mkdir Files)} into your Terminal , kaas oo abuuri doona gal la yiraahdo Files , iyo sidoo kale saddex dukumeenti - doc1.txt, doc2.txt iyo doc3.txt - gudaha galka Stuff .

Hal amar oo kale, si 'cd' loo galo galka faylalka cusub ee la sameeyay (^(Files) cd Files ), sababtoo ah waxaan u baahan doonaa dukumeenti kale oo ku jira gudahaas.

cd Files

Ugu dambeyntii, ku qor doc4.txt doc5.txt doc6.txt^{(touch doc4.txt doc5.txt doc6.txt)} si aad u abuurto saddex dukumeenti oo cusub.

Hadda, ku qor cd ../.. si aad ugu bedesho Desktop -ka hagaha shaqada.

Talaabadayada xigta-ilaa u danbeysa ka hor inta aan la samayn faylka zip-ka waa in aan ku abuurno laba dukumeenti "dheeraad ah" oo ku yaala Desktop -ka oo wata magacyo la mid ah faylalka aan hadda abuurnay, markaa ku qor doc2.txt doc3.txt^{(touch doc2.txt doc3.txt)} si aad u abuurto.

Ugu dambeyntii, fur mid kasta oo ka mid ah labada faylasha qoraalka "dheeraad ah" oo ku dar xoogaa qoraal ah. Looma baahna inay noqoto wax macno leh (ama dheer), si aan u arki karno in dukumeentiyadani ay runtii ka duwan yihiin kuwii hore loogu abuuray gudaha Stuff iyo faylalka faylalka.

Marka taas la sameeyo, waxaan bilaabi karnaa abuurista galalka sibka. Habka ugu fudud ee loo isticmaalo zip waa in aad u sheegto magaca zip archive aad rabto in aad abuurto, ka dibna si cad u magacaw mid kasta iyo fayl kasta oo ay tahay inuu galo. Marka, anaga oo u maleynayna in hagaha shaqadu uu yahay Desktop -ka , waxaan ku zip test Stuff/doc1.txt Stuff/doc2.txt Stuff/doc3.txt si aan u abuurno kayd la yiraahdo test.zip (Uma baahnid inaan isticmaalno ".zip) " Kordhinta amarka, maadaama si toos ah loogu dari doono), oo ka koobnaan doona doc1.txt, doc2.txt iyo doc3.txt sida laga helay gudaha galka Stuff .

Waxaad arki doontaa xoogaa wax soo saar ah, kaasoo nagu wargelinaya in saddex dukumeenti (doc1.txt, doc2.txt iyo doc3.txt) lagu daray kaydka.

Waxaan tan ku tijaabin karnaa innagoo laba jeer gujinaya kaydka, kaas oo ku fadhiya Desktop -kayaga . Samaynta sidaas waa in lagu furo barnaamijka kaydka caadiga ah ( Ark in KDE , File Roller in GNOME iyo Xarchiver in Xfce ).

Hadda, ka waran galka faylalka? Haddii aan u maleyneyno inaan rabno, ku dar dukumiintiyada ku jira, sidoo kale kaydkeena, waxaan isticmaali karnaa isla amarkii kor ku xusan, laakiin ku dar Stuff/Files/* dhamaadka amarka.

Xiddigga macnaheedu waa in lagu daro wax kasta oo ku jira galka. Markaa haddii ay jiri lahayd gal kale oo ku dhex jira galka Faylasha^(Files) , sidoo kale waa lagu dari lahaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii galkaas uu waxyaabo ku dhex lahaan jiray, laguma dari doono. Si taas loo sameeyo, waxaan u baahanahay inaan ku darno -r (oo u taagan soo noqnoqoshada ama soo noqnoqda).

Waa in la ogaadaa in labada amar ee kore aan loogu talagelin in lagu "ku daro" faylasha zip archive; waxaa loogu talagalay inay abuuraan mid. Si kastaba ha noqotee, maadaama kaydku uu hore u jiray, amarku wuxuu si fudud ugu darayaa fayl kasta oo cusub kaydka jira.  Haddii aan^(Had) rabnay in aan hal mar wada abuurno kaydkan (halkii saddexdii tillaabo ee aanu samaynay si aan si tartiib tartiib ah ugu darno faylalkeeda ujeeddooyin waxbarasho awgeed), waxa aan si fudud u qori karnaa zip -r test Stuff/* waxaana samayn karnaa isla kaydkii.

Waxaad ka ogaan doontaa amarka iyo soo-saarka in saddexda faylal ee ku dhex jira galka Stuff ay ku jiraan, iyo sidoo kale saddexda dukumeenti ee ku dhex jira galka faylalka^(Files) , sidaas darteed wax walba waxaa lagu fuliyay amar fudud oo wanaagsan.

Hadda, ka waran labadaas dukumeenti "dheeraad ah" ee aan ku abuurnay Miiskayaga^(Desktop) ?  Hagaag^(Well) , qaabka uu zip u shaqeeyo waa haddii aad isku daydo inaad ku darto fayl kayd hore ugu jiray kaydka, faylasha cusubi waxay dib u qori doonaan kuwii hore. Marka, maadaama dukumeentiyada aan ku abuurnay Desktop - kayaga (doc2.txt iyo doc3.txt) ay ku jiraan wax iyaga ku jira (waxaan ku darnay "hello aduunka!" doc2.txt iyo "yay" doc3.txt), waa inaan awoodnaa inaan awoodno ku dar dukumentiyadaas ka dibna awood u yeelatid in aad tijaabiso tan.  Marka hore^(First) , waxaanu labada dukumeenti "dheeraad ah" ku jiidi doonaa galka Stuff .

Waxay u badan tahay in lagu weydiiyo haddii aad rabto in dukumeentiyada cusub ay dib u qoraan kuwa jira (tani waxay ku jirtaa galka, xusuusnow, maaha zip archive), markaa tani ha dhacdo.

Hadda tan la sameeyay, aan ku darno kaydka anagoo ku zip test Stuff/doc2.txt Stuff/doc3.txt

Waxaad ogaan doontaa amarka kore hadda wuxuu muujinayaa faylasha la cusboonaysiiyay halkii lagu dari lahaa. Haddii aan hadda hubinno kaydka, waxaan ogaan doonaa in faylalka ay u muuqdaan inay isku mid yihiin, laakiin marka doc2.txt iyo doc3.txt la furo, waxaad arki doontaa inay hadda wax ku jiraan, halkii ay maran ahaan lahaayeen faylashayada asalka ah. ahaayeen.

Mararka qaarkood Linux , waxaad arki doontaa in faylasha qaar ay qarsoon yihiin adigoo ku daraya xilli ("") bilowga magaca faylka. Tani waxay si gaar ah ugu badan tahay faylalka habaynta, kuwaas oo u baahan jira, laakiin inta badan lama arki karo (taas oo sahlaysa qaska iyo sidoo kale ka dhigaysa inay yarayso in faylka qaabaynta si lama filaan ah loo tirtiro). Waxaan kuwan ku dari karnaa si fudud si fudud.  Marka hore^(First) , aan ka soo qaadno inaan rabno inaan abuurno faylka zip-ka ee loo yaqaan 'backup of file' kasta oo ku jira hagaha. Waxaan sidaas ku samayn karnaa innagoo ku qorna zip backup * gudaha Terminalka.

Tani waxay ku dari doontaa dhammaan faylasha iyo faylalka, inkastoo wax kasta oo galkaas ku jira aan lagu darin. Si aad iyaga ugu darto, waxaan ku dari lahayn -r mar kale, si zip -r backup * ay u noqoto amarka.

Hadda waxaan ku dhownahay halkaas. Si loo kordhiyo faylalka, faylasha, iyo faylalka qarsoon, amarku runtii aad buu u fudud yahay: zip-r backup .

Hadda, fur-furiddu aad ayay u fududahay. Kahor intaanan waxba samayn, si kastaba ha ahaatee, horay u soco oo tirtir dukumeentiyada ku yaal Desktop (doc2.txt iyo doc3.txt) iyo sidoo kale galka Stuff . Markay tagaan, ku qorista unzip test.zip waxay balaadhin doontaa waxa ku jira kaydkayaga zip ee asalka ah tusahaaga hadda.

Fiiro gaar ah: Haddii aanan tirtirin dukumeentiyada, waxaan isku dayi lahayn inaan ka furno waxa ku jira faylka zip-ka galka jira, sidaas darteed waxaa la waydiin lahaa haddii aan rabno inaan bedelno dukumeenti kasta.

Waana taas! Siibitaanka^(Unzipping) iyo Furitaanka waa hawl caadi ah oo qurux badan, iyo in kasta oo ay hubaal tahay in ay jiraan xulashooyin GUI ah, marka la barbar dhigo waxaad ka heli doontaa fulinta hawlo isku mid ah Terminalku^(Terminal) sidoo kale ma aha mid aad u adag.

Create and Edit Zip Files In Linux Using The Terminal

In a previous article, we dеtailed how to use the tar command to create archives. While tar is a very common compressiоn scheme for Linux, it isn’t nеarly aѕ popular for Windows and Maс OS X users, who will find most of their archives creatеd using the zip fоrmat.

It’s easy to use Zip (to create) and Unzip (to expand) archives in Linux.  In fact, most GUI archive management programs (such as Ark, File Roller and Xarchiver), will act as a frontend to pretty much any command line archiving program you have on your computer, and Zip is no exception.  Of course, we can also use Zip from the Terminal.  Here’s how.

The first step, as you might guess, is to open the Terminal.

Next, type “sudo apt-get install zip unzip” (without the quotes), just to make sure we have zip and unzip installed.

Note: if those two programs are already installed, you’ll receive a message stating this to be the case, as shown above.

Once installed, we can use zip to create archives (or modify existing ones), and unzip to expand them to their originals.  For the sake of this article, we’ll create a new folder on our Desktop, called Stuff.  In the Terminal, we can do so with a single command – mkdir /home/username/Desktop/Stuff (of course, you’ll replace “username” with your own username, as shown below, and if you already have a Stuff folder on your Desktop, you’ll want to change the name).

Now that we have a Stuff folder, we’ll use the ‘cd’ command to make the Stuff folder our current working directory.

cd /home/username/Desktop/Stuff

Now, type touch doc1.txt doc2.txt doc3.txt && mkdir Files into your Terminal, which will create a folder called Files, as well as three documents – doc1.txt, doc2.txt and doc3.txt – inside the Stuff folder.

One more command, to ‘cd’ into the newly-created Files folder (cd Files), because we’ll want some other documents inside that.

cd Files

Finally, type touch doc4.txt doc5.txt doc6.txt in order to create three new documents.

Now, type cd ../.. to change the Desktop back to the working directory.

Our next-to-last step before creating a zip file is to create a couple “extra” documents on the Desktop with the same names as files we just created, so type touch doc2.txt doc3.txt to create them.

Finally, open each of the two “extra” text files and add some text to them.  It doesn’t need to be anything meaningful (or long), just so we can see that these documents are indeed different from the ones already created inside the Stuff and files folders.

Once that’s done, we can start creating our zip files.  The simplest way to use zip is to tell it the name of the zip archive you want to create, then explicitly name each and every file that should go into it.  So, assuming our working directory is the Desktop, we would type zip test Stuff/doc1.txt Stuff/doc2.txt Stuff/doc3.txt to create an archive called test.zip (we don’t need to use the “.zip” extension in the command, as it will be added automatically), which would contain doc1.txt, doc2.txt and doc3.txt as found inside the Stuff folder.

You’ll see a bit of output, which informs us that three documents (doc1.txt, doc2.txt and doc3.txt) have been added to the archive.

We can test this by double clicking the archive, which should be sitting on our Desktop.  Doing so should open it up in the standard archive program (Ark in KDE, File Roller in GNOME and Xarchiver in Xfce).

Now, what about the Files folder?  Assuming we want it, add the documents inside it, into our archive as well, we could use the same command as above, but add Stuff/Files/* to the end of the command.

The asterisk means to include everything inside the folder.  So if there had been another folder inside the Files folder, it would have been added as well.  However, if that folder had items inside of it, they will not be included.  To do that, we would need to add -r (which stands for recursive or recursively).

It should be noted that the above two commands aren’t designed to “add” files to a zip archive; they’re designed to create one.  However, since the archive already exists, the command simply adds any new files into the existing archive.  Had wanted to create this archive all at once (instead of the three steps we’ve performed to gradually add files to it for educational purposes), we could simply have typed zip -r test Stuff/* and would have created the same archive.

You’ll notice from the command and the output that the three files inside the Stuff folder are included, as well as the three documents inside the Files folder, so everything was accomplished in a nice, simple command.

Now, what about those two “extra” documents we created on our Desktop?  Well, the way zip works is if you try to add a file to an archive that already exists in the archive, the new files will overwrite the old ones.  So, since the documents we created on our Desktop (doc2.txt and doc3.txt) have content to them (we added “hello world!” to doc2.txt and “yay” to doc3.txt), we should be able to add those documents and then be able to test this.  First, we’ll drag the two “extra” documents into the Stuff folder.

You’ll likely be asked if you want the new documents to overwrite the existing ones (this is in the folder, remember, not the zip archive), so let this happen.

Now that this is done, let’s add them to the archive by typing zip test Stuff/doc2.txt Stuff/doc3.txt

You’ll notice the above command now shows files being updated instead of added.  If we now check the archive, we’ll notice the files appear to be the same, but when doc2.txt and doc3.txt are opened, you’ll see they now have content in them, instead of being blank as our original files were.

Sometimes in Linux, you’ll see that some files are hidden by adding a period (“.”) to the beginning of the file name.  This is particularly common for configuration files, which need exist, but often aren’t visible (which eases up on clutter as well as makes it less likely a configuration file will be accidentally deleted).  We can add these to a zip file quite easily.  First, let’s assume we want to create a zip file called backup out of every file in a directory.  We can do so by typing zip backup * into the Terminal.

This will add all files and folders, although any items in those folder will not be included.  To add them, we would add -r again, so that zip -r backup * would be the command.

Now we’re almost there.  To recursively add folders, files, and hidden files, the command is actually very simple simple: zip -r backup .

Now, unzipping is quite easy.  Before we do anything, however, go ahead and delete the documents on the Desktop (doc2.txt and doc3.txt) as well as the Stuff folder.  Once they’re gone, typing unzip test.zip will expand the contents of our original zipped archive into your current directory.

Note: If we hadn’t deleted the documents, we would be attempting to unzip the contents of our zip file into an existing file, so would be asked if we wanted to replace each and every document.

And that’s it!  Zipping and Unzipping is a pretty common task, and while there are certainly GUI options available, with practice you’ll find performing those same tasks from the Terminal isn’t very difficult either.

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