Maalin kasta oo internetka^(Internet) ah , waxaad la kulmeysaa qaar ka mid ah arrimaha kale ee xuquuqda daabacaada - ha ahaato soo dejinta hees ama la wadaagida qaar muqaal ah kuwa kale. In kasta oo ay si cad u tahay in qofka ama shirkadda abuuray qayb kasta oo qoraal shaqo ah, sawiro, animations, muusig, sheeko, muuqaal ama isku-dar ah - uu yahay milkiilaha xuquuqda daabacaada ee dhabta ah, waxaa jira kiisas ay dadku ku jahwareeraan cidda iska leh xuquuqda daabacaadda waxyaabo kala duwan.

Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad sawir ka soo qaadatid Wikimedia Commons oo aad isticmaashid sawirka buug-yaraha aad diyaarisay, miyey xad-gudub ku tahay xuquuq-daabacaad? Haddii aad duubto dhaqdhaqaaqyada shaashadda ee barnaamijyada qaar oo aad isugu geyso cashar ahaan, miyaad ku xad-gudaysaa xuquuqda daabacaadda software-ka ama milkiilaha qalabka?

Waxaan marka hore ka jawaabi doonaa kiiska Wikimedia Commons . Haa, waxaad jebinaysaa xuquuqda daabacaada haddii aad isticmaalayso sawir ka yimid Wikimedia Commons oo ha u nisbayn adeegsigiisa abuurihii asalka ahaa sidda ay Wikimedia u qortay . Kuwa aan garanayn, Wikimedia waa kaydka qoraalka, garaafyada, animations iyo maqal/muuqaal taas oo loogu talagalay in lagu wadaago shatiga guud ee hal-abuurka. Shatiga Hal-abuurka Guud^(Commons) wuxuu kaaga baahan yahay inaad shaqada u nisbayso abuuraheeda si hore loo sii qeexay.

Qoraalka Xuquuqda Daabacaadda Microsoft

Imaatinka Microsoft , haddii aad u abuurto cashar - dheh MS Rinjiga -^{(MS Paint –)} oo aad ku dhejiso qaar ka mid ah goobta wadaaga fiidiyowga ama aad ku qaybiso CD-yada, miyaad ku xad-gudbi doontaa xuquuqda daabacaadda Microsoft ? MS Paint waa software ka Microsoft si dabiici ah wax kasta oo ka muuqda shaashadda waa alaabta Microsoft . Xaaladahan oo kale, xuquuqda daabacaada ee sawir-qaadista waxaa iska leh Microsoft .

Laakiin… Microsoft waxay kaa khafiifinaysaa arrimaha xuquuqda daabacaada iyadoo siinaya qaar ka mid ah tilmaamaha^{(Microsoft relieves you of the copyright issues by providing some guidelines)} . Haddii aad u isticmaasho sawir-qaadista qaabka ay Microsoft kuu qortay, waxa aad haysataa xuquuqda daabacaadda ee sawir-qaadista.^{(If you use the screenshots in the manner prescribed by Microsoft, you hold the copyright to the screenshots.)}

Kiisaska Meesha Ku-xadgudubka Xuquuqda Daabacaadda Dhacdo^{(Copyright Infringement Happens)}

Haddii aad heshay software-ka qaarkood oo weli dhismayaal^{(software that is still under construction)} ah oo aanay heli karin dadwaynaha guud, ma isticmaali kartid sawirradeeda. Ka dib iyo ka dib markii Microsoft ay bixiso software-ka hor-sii-daynta foomka kama dambaysta ah, iyadoon loo eegin waxa ay ugu yeeraan - waxaad qaadan kartaa oo qaybin kartaa sawirradeeda.

Haddii sawirada shaashadda aad isticmaalayso ay ka kooban yihiin sawirro ay leeyihiin dhinacyo saddexaad^{(images that belong to third parties)} , waxaa laga yaabaa ama ma noqon karto xadgudub xuquuqda daabacaadda Microsoft . Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad diiwaangelinayso qaar ka mid ah softiweerka sida Adobe Premiere , oo aad u qabatay shaashadda ujeedo matalaad ah, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka hubiso Adobe haddii aad u isticmaali karto shaashadda sida oo kale ama aad u baahan tahay nooc kasta oo liisan horay loo qoray si aad u isticmaasho sawiro.

Ilaa hadda inta aan ogahay, haddii aad isticmaalayso AutoCAD  oo aad qaadato shaashadda-snaps sabab kasta, waa jebinta xuquuqda daabacaadda xitaa haddii aad ku socoto  AutoCAD Microsoft ^(AutoCAD)Windows^{(Microsoft Windows)} . Tani waa sababta oo ah Microsoft ma laha xaqa ay uga nafiso isticmaalayaasha arrimaha xuquuqda daabacaadda ee ka dhasha isticmaalka AutoCAD . Waxaa lagu sheegay golaha qaarkood in isticmaaleyaasha AutoCAD  aysan ahayn inay qaataan sawirro-shashadaha maadaama ay noqonayso xad-gudubyo xuquuqda daabacaadda. Laakiin markaa, kiisku wuxuu noqon lahaa "user vs AutoCAD " oo aan ahayn "user vs Microsoft " maadaama kan dambe uusan wax shaqo ah ku lahayn AutoCAD oo ku shaqeeya nidaamka hawlgalka Windows .

^{(Microsoft Intellectual Property)}Ogolaanshaha Hantida Garaadka ee Microsoft

Kuwa soo socda waa qaar ka mid ah xayiraadaha ay soo rogtay Microsoft ka hor inta aysan iska dayn xuquuqdeeda daabacaadda ee shaashadaha Windows iyo software-ku-saleysan Windows .

1. Waa inaadan wax ka beddelin^{(not alter)} sawirka marka laga reebo inaad cabbirkeeda wax ka beddesho. Wax^{(Alterations)} ka beddelka waxaa ka mid ah sixitaanka midabka, midabka beddelka iwm. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaad isticmaali kartaa calaamado haddii aad abuurayso qalab waxbarasho ama tixraac.
2. Ma isticmaali kartid shaashadaha Windows -ka ama shaashadaha software-ka Microsoft -ku- saleysan ee Windows -ku-saleysan sidii shay ^(Windows)ka mid ah is-dhexgalka isticmaale^{(element of the user interface)} ee barnaamij kasta oo aad dhisi karto. Taasi waa, haddii aad qorayso qaar ka mid ah software-ka, uma baahnid inaad isticmaasho shaashadaha walxaha Windows sida shaashadda boot, shaashadda soo dhaweynta, iyo muraayadaha xidhitaanka oo qayb ka ah interface interface ee barnaamijka aad qorayso. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaad isticmaali kartaa Visual Basic ama luqadaha barnaamijyada kale si aad dib ugu soo saarto waxyaabaha aan shatiga u haysan ama calaamadeysan Microsoft . Taasi waxay la macno tahay inaad dib u soo saari karto badhamada OK iyo Cancel si loogu isticmaalo barnaamijyadaada laakiin ma isticmaali kartidBilow^(Start) badhanka u gaarka ah nidaamka hawlgalka Windows . Sidoo kale, ma isticmaali kartid calaamadaha iyo calaamadaha ganacsiga ee barnaamijyadaada ilaa aad ogolaansho qoraal ah ka heysan Microsoft .
3. Waa inaadan isticmaalin qaybo ka mid ah shaashadaha^{(parts of screenshots)} . Anigu kuma qanacsani qodobkan, si kastaba ha ahaatee. Bixinta casharrada diiradda saaraya, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad ka jarto waxyaabaha aan la rabin shaashadda. Ilaa hadda, ma jiro kiis la yaqaan oo ku saabsan ku xad-gudubka xuquuqda daabacaadda halkaasoo qof lagu soo oogay isticmaalka qayb ka mid ah shaashadda oo aan ahayn sawirka oo dhan. Waxaan isku dayi doonaa oo aan raadin doonaa caddayn ku saabsan qodobkan waxaanan idinla socodsiin doonaa dhammaantiin isla marka aan jawaab ka helo Microsoft .
4. Sida ku cad bayaanka xuquuqda daabacaadda Microsoft^{(Microsoft Copyright)} , ma isticmaali kartid sawir-qaadista haddii ay ku jiraan sawirro dad la aqoonsan karo^{(images of identifiable people)} . Tusaale ahaan, haddii sawir-qaaduhu ka kooban yahay sawirka qaar caan ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inaadan u isticmaalin sawirkaaga xuquuqda daabacan. Xaaladdan oo kale, xuquuqda daabacaadda sidoo kale ma leh Microsoft . Waxay ku xiran tahay qofka sawirka ku jira inuu ka soo horjeesto shaashadda, fikradayda, qodobkan waxaa lagu soo daray qoraalka xuquuqda daabacaadda Microsoft si looga fogaado khilaafyada aan la sheegin.

Akhriso^(Read) : Xuquuqda Isticmaalka Alaabada Microsoft (PUR)^{(Microsoft Product Use Rights (PUR))} .

If you are looking for copyright information on the usage of other elements/software from Microsoft such as distribution of box shots, icons, clip art, capturing video games,  etc, you can check out the full text of the Microsoft Copyright Statement.

Microsoft Copyright Statement - Who Owns Your Screenshots?

Every day on the Internet, you cоme across some of the other copyright issues – be it downloading a song or sharing some video with others. While it is explicit that the person or company that created any piece of worktext, graphics, animations, music, narration, video or a combination thereof – іs the actual copyright owner, there are cases where people confuse as to who is the copyright owner for different things.

For example, if you pick up an image from Wikimedia Commons and use the image on a brochure you prepared, does it infringe any copyright? If you record screen movements for some program and put it together as a tutorial, are you infringing the copyright of the software or hardware owner?

I will first answer the case of Wikimedia Commons. Yes, you are infringing copyright if you are using some image from Wikimedia Commons and do not attribute its use to the original creator in the manner prescribed by Wikimedia. For those who don’t know, Wikimedia is a repository of text, graphics, animations and audio/video that is meant for sharing under creative commons license. A Creative Commons license requires you to attribute the work to its creator in a predefined manner.

Microsoft Copyright Statement

Coming to Microsoft, if you create a tutorial for – say MS Paint – and upload it on to some video sharing site or distribute it through CDs, are you infringing copyrights of Microsoft? MS Paint is a software from Microsoft so naturally whatever appears on the screen are products of Microsoft. Under such cases, the copyrights to screenshots belong to Microsoft.

But… Microsoft relieves you of the copyright issues by providing some guidelines. If you use the screenshots in the manner prescribed by Microsoft, you hold the copyright to the screenshots.

Cases Where Copyright Infringement Happens

If you accessed some software that is still under construction and is not available to the general public, you cannot use its screenshots. After and only after Microsoft gives out the software – in pre-release of final form, irrespective of what they call it – you can take and distribute its screenshots.

If the screenshots you are using contain images that belong to third parties, it may or may not be Microsoft copyright infringement. For example, if you are documenting some software such as Adobe Premiere, and you capture screen for representation purpose, you need to check with Adobe whether you can use the screenshots as such or would you require any kind of pre-written license to use the screenshots.

As far as I know, if you are using AutoCAD and take screen-snaps for any reason, it is copyright infringement even if you are running AutoCAD on Microsoft Windows. This is because Microsoft does not possess the right to relieve users from copyright issues arising out of the use of AutoCAD. It was mentioned in some forum that AutoCAD users are not supposed to take screenshots as it would amount to copyright infringement. But then, the case would be “user vs AutoCAD” and not “user vs Microsoft” as the latter has nothing to do with AutoCAD that operates on Windows operating system.

Microsoft Intellectual Property Permissions

The following are some restrictions imposed by Microsoft before letting go of its copyright on screenshots of Windows and Windows-based software.

1. You should not alter the screenshot except to resize it. Alterations include color correction, color change etc. You can, however, use markers in case you are creating material for study or reference.
2. You cannot use the Windows screenshots or Windows-based Microsoft software screenshots as an element of the user interface of any custom program you might build. That is, if you are writing some software, you are not supposed to use screenshots of Windows elements such as boot screen, welcome screen, and shutdown screens as part of the user interface of the program you are writing. You can, however, use Visual Basic or other programming languages to reproduce the elements that are not patented or trademarked by Microsoft. That means you can reproduce the OK and Cancel buttons for use with your programs but you cannot use the Start button specific to Windows operating system. Similarly, you cannot use the logos and trademarks in your programs unless you have written permission from Microsoft.
3. You should not be using parts of screenshots. I am not comfortable with this point, however. For providing focused tutorials, you might need to cut off the unwanted elements from the screenshot. So far, there has not been any known case of copyright infringement where anyone was charged for using a portion of a screenshot and not the entire screenshot. I will try and seek clarification on this point and update you all as soon as I receive any response from Microsoft.
4. As per Microsoft Copyright statement, you cannot use screenshots if they contain images of identifiable people. For example, if a screenshot contains an image of some celebrity, you may not use it as your copyrighted screenshot. In this case, the copyright does not belong to Microsoft either. It would be up to the person in the screenshot to object to the screenshot and in my opinion, this clause is induced into the Microsoft copyright statement to avoid uncalled disputes.

Read: Microsoft Product Use Rights (PUR).

If you are looking for copyright information on the usage of other elements/software from Microsoft such as distribution of box shots, icons, clip art, capturing video games,  etc, you can check out the full text of the Microsoft Copyright Statement.

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