Sida aynu wax u cabbirno maalinba maalinta ka dambaysa sida wakhtiga ilbiriqsiyo, cufka kiiloogaraam, dhererka mitirka; Xusuusta kombayutarka^{(computer memory)} iyo booska saxanka waxa lagu cabbiraa bytes. Waxay u badan tahay inaad la kulmi lahayd ereyo ay ka mid yihiin Kilobytes , Gigabyte^(Gigabytes) , Terabytes , Petabytes , iwm, gaar ahaan marka aad iibsanayso laptop cusub ama taleefan ama aalad cusub oo kaydinta sida disk adag. Erayadan ayaa ah kuwa inta badan la isticmaalo cabbirada awoodda kaydinta xogta waxayna faa'iido leeyihiin markaad rabto inaad iibsato qalab cusub oo dhijitaal ah oo ku salaysan xusuusta.

Taas oo la yiraahdo, weligaa ma aragtay inta ay le'eg tahay booska xusuusta ee dhabta ah ee gigabytes, terabytes ama petabyte? Halbeegyadan cabbiraadda ayaa inta badan jahawareer ku haya jaleecada hore iyo fahamka ereyadan ayaa muhiim u ah qof kasta oo ku shaqeeya kombuyuutar.

Cabbirrada Xusuusta Kumbiyuutarka ayaa lagu sharaxay

Si aad u fahamto sida saxda ah ee xusuusta kombiyuutarka iyo awoodda kaydinta xogta, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad marka hore awood u yeelan karto inaad fahamto inta boos ee byte, kilobyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte ama exabyte ay qeexayaan. Si loo qiyaaso cabbirka saxda ah, waxaad u baahan tahay marka hore inaad fahanto sida uu kombayuutarku u shaqeeyo.

Intee bay le'eg yihiin byte, kilobyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte iyo exabyte?

Kumbuyuutarku waxay isticmaalaan nidaamka nambarada binary^{(binary number system)} si ay u matalaan lambarka aasaasiga ah. Si ka duwan nidaamka jajab tobanle ee guud ahaan loo yaqaan nidaamka tobanka saldhiga ee isticmaala toban tirooyin 0, 1, 2, … 9; Nidaamka binary-ga waxa uu leeyahay laba nambar oo keliya 1 iyo 0. Inkasta oo aynaan si toos ah ula macaamilin 1's iyo 0's, labadan dhijitaalka ah ayaa kaalin mug leh ka qaata sida kombayuutarku u shaqeeyaan.

Labadan nambar, waxaan tirin karnaa ilaa tiro kasta. Nambarka jajab tobanle waxaa loo rogi karaa binary, dhammaan xisaabtan waxaa sameeyay kumbuyuutarkaaga. Kumbuyuutarku waxay ka kooban yihiin wareegyo iyo fiilooyin elektaroonig ah, wareegyadan elektiroonigga ah waxay qaadaan dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira kumbuyuutarka. Dhammaan macluumaadka waxaa lagu kaydiyaa oo lagu matalo iyadoo la isticmaalayo koronto.

yara

Sidaan horayba u sheegay, kombayuutarrada waxay ka samaysan yihiin fiilooyinka signalada signalladani waxay noqon karaan mid shidan ama dami kara. Xaaladdan siligga ah ee saaran ama ka maqan waxaa loo yaqaan ' bit ' . Qaybtani waa xogta ugu yar ee kombuyuutarku kaydin karo. Haddii aad leedahay fiilooyin badan, waxaad helaysaa 1 iyo 0 oo leh qaybo badan. Qaybo badan ayaa loo isticmaali karaa si ay u matalaan qayb ka mid ah macluumaadka adag.

Waxa muhiimka ah halkan, waa in nambar kasta lagu matali karo mid iyo eber ama fiilooyinka iyo transistor-yada shidnaa ama Demiyay^(Off) . Inta badan fiilooyinka ama transistors-ka, tirada badan ee aad kaydin karto. Ka soo qaad^(Suppose) inaad rabto inaad kaydiso macluumaadka sida qoraalka, sawirada ama codka, dhammaan kuwan waxaa lagu matali karaa lambarro. Nambaradan ayaa markaa loo kaydin karaa sidii calaamadaha korantada ee shid ama damin.

Bytes

Nambarka binary-ga ah wuxuu noqon karaa 0 ama 1 midkood kaasoo u taagan daminta dami ama shid siday u kala horreeyaan. Xaaladdan Daar ama Demin^(Off) ee shideeyaha waxa loo yaqaan xoogaa. Baytku waa ururinta bits, hal baytina waxa uu ka kooban yahay siddeed lambar oo binary ah. Bits waxa loo qaybiyaa sideed nambar oo binary sababtoo ah inta badan chips-yada xusuusta waxay leeyihiin wareeg elektaroonig ah oo siddeed waddo leh oo waddo kastaa ay leedahay mid gobol ama ka baxsan. Baytku waxa uu matali karaa 2^8 (256) qiyam kala duwan, ie, .1 byte waxa uu matali karaa qiyamka eber (00000000) ilaa 255 (11111111).

Kiiloobytes

Bytes waa la kooxeeyay si ay u matalaan tiro ka badan. Kiiloobyte- ku wuxuu^(Kilobyte) ka kooban yahay 1024 bytes. Guud ahaan, marka aan horgaleeyno kiilo, waxay soo jeedinaysaa 1000 bytes. Tani waxay run u tahay nidaamka nambarada tobanlaha ee ku salaysan qodobbada 10. Si kastaba ha ahaatee maadaama kombiyuutarradu ay isticmaalaan nidaamka binary si ay u kaydiyaan xogta, waxaan u baahannahay inaan isticmaalno qodobka binary ee 2 si aan u matalo bytes. Taas macneheedu waxa weeye kilobyte ka kooban yahay 2^10 bytes kuwaas oo ah 1024 bytes. Cabbirka Kilobyte^(Kilobyte) waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu qeexo cabbirka kaydka CPU iyo awoodda RAM

Megabyte

Megabyte ka kooban yahay 1024 kilobytes. Guud ahaan, marka aan horgaleeyno mega, waxay soo jeedinaysaa hal milyan oo bytes. Tani waxay run u tahay nidaamka nambarada tobanlaha ee ku salaysan qodobbada 10. Mar haddii aan u baahanahay in aan ku matalo nidaamka binary-ga kumbuyuutarka, waxaan u baahanahay inaan isticmaalno cunsur binary 2's si aan u matalo bytes. Taas macnaheedu waxa weeye in megabyte ka kooban yahay 1024 kilobytes.

Gigabyte

Gigabyte wuxuu ka kooban yahay 1024 megabytes. Guud ahaan, markaan horgaleeyno Giga , waxay soo jeedinaysaa bilyan bytes. Tani waxay run u tahay nidaamka nambarada tobanlaha ee ku salaysan qodobbada 10. Mar haddii aan u baahanahay in aan ku matalo nidaamka binary-ga kumbuyuutarka, waxaan u baahanahay inaan isticmaalno cunsur binary 2's si aan u matalo bytes. Taas macnaheedu waa Gigabyte runtii ka kooban yahay 1024 megabyte. Si aan u qiyaasno sida saxda ah ee ay u isticmaasho xusuusta, aan ka fikirno in aad haysato 2 GB ee diskka. Awooda 2GB, waxaad ku kaydin kartaa ku dhawaad ​​​​500 heeso muusig.

Terabyte

Tera byte ka kooban yahay 1024 gigabytes. Horgale Tera waxa uu soo jeedinayaa trillion bytes ah. Nidaamka binary, waxay u taagan tahay 1024 Gigabyte^(Gigabytes) . 1TB waa meel badan oo wax lagu kaydiyo iyo in la eego; waxay kaydin kartaa ilaa hal milyan oo sawir. Maalmahan inta badan darawalada adag waxay ku yimaadaan cadhada 1 ilaa 3 TB

Petabyte

petabyte waa ku dhawaad ​​hal quadrillion bytes. Nidaamka binary-ga kumbuyuutarka, petabyte waa 1024 terabyte oo xog ah. Cabirkani waa mid aad u adag in si dhab ah loo qiyaaso. Maalmahan inta badan farsameeyayaasha tignoolajiyada casriga ah iyo server-yada waxay ku kaydiyaan xogta petabytes. Si loo qiyaaso, hal xajmi oo petabyte ah ayaa kaydin kara in ka badan 10,000 saacadood oo bandhigyada TV-ga ah.

Exabyte

Exabyte ama EB waa unug aad u weyn oo kaydinta xogta. 1 EB = 1000 petabytes .

Hope this clears up the air!

Bits, Bytes, Kilobytes Gigabytes, Terabytes, Petabytes, Exabytes explained

Just like wе measure day-to-dаy things like time in seconds, masѕ in kilograms, height in meters; computer memory and disc space are measured based on bytes. You would have probably come across terms like Kilobytes, Gigabytes, Terabytes, Petabytes, etc., especially when you are buying a new laptop or a phone or a new storage device like a hard disk. These terms are most commonly used metrics of data storage capacity and are useful when you want to buy a new digital device based on memory.

That being said, have you ever visualized how much memory space is available in the real for gigabytes, terabytes or a petabyte? These units of measurement are most often confusing at first glance and understanding these terminologies is quintessential for anyone who works with a computer.

Computer Memory sizes explained

To understand how exactly the computer memory and data storage capacity works, you need to be able first to understand how much space a byte, kilobyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte or an exabyte describe. To gauge the exact size, you need first to understand how a computer works.

How big are byte, kilobyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte & exabyte?

Computers use a binary number system for the basic representation of a number. Unlike the decimal system generally referred to as base ten number system that uses ten numerals 0, 1, 2, … 9; the binary system has only two numerals 1 and 0. Although we don’t actually directly deal with 1’s and 0 ’s, these two digitals play a significant role in how computers work.

With these two digits, we can count up to any numbers. A decimal number can be converted to binary, and all of this math is done by your computer.  Computers are made up of electronic circuits and wires, and these electronics circuits carry all the information in a computer. All the information is stored and represented using electricity.

Bit

Like I said before, computers are made of signal wires these signal can be either on or off. This on or off state of wire is called a Bit. This bit is the smallest piece of information the computer can store. If you have more wires, you get more 1’s and 0’s with more bits. And more bits can be used to represent a piece of complex information.

What is important here, is that any number can be represented with ones and zeros or by a bunch of wires and transistors that are on or Off. The more the wires or transistors, the larger number you can store. Suppose you want to store information like text, images or sound, all these can be represented with numbers. These numbers can then be stored as on or off electrical signals.

Bytes

A binary number can be either 0 or 1 which represents the switch as off or on respectively. This On or Off state of a switch is called a bit. A byte is a collection of bits, and a single byte is made up of eight binary digits. Bits are grouped as eight binary digits because most of the memory chips have an electronic circuitry of eight pathways with each pathway having either on state or off state. A byte can represent 2^8 (256) distinct values, ie, .1 byte can represent values from zero (00000000) to 255 (11111111).

Kilobytes

Bytes are grouped to represent a larger number. A Kilobyte contains 1024 bytes. Generally, when we prefix kilo, it would suggest 1000 bytes. This holds true for the decimal number system that is based on factors of 10.  However since computers use the binary system to store the data, we need to use a binary factor of 2’s to represent bytes. That means a kilobyte contains 2^10 bytes that are 1024 bytes. Kilobyte measure is often used to describe CPU cache size and RAM capacity

Megabyte

Megabyte contains 1024 kilobytes. Generally, when we prefix mega, it suggests a million bytes. This holds true for the decimal number system that is based on factors of 10. Since we need to represent in computer binary system, we need to use a binary factor of 2’s to represent bytes. That means a Megabyte contains 1024 kilobytes.

Gigabytes

Gigabyte contains 1024 megabytes. Generally, when we prefix Giga, it suggests a billion bytes. This holds true for the decimal number system that is based on factors of 10. Since we need to represent in computer binary system, we need to use a binary factor of 2’s to represent bytes. That means a Gigabyte actually contains 1024 megabytes. To gauge how exactly it consumes memory, let us consider that you have a  2 GB of the disk drive. With 2GB of capacity, you can store around 500 music tracks.

Terabyte

Terabyte contains 1024 gigabytes. A prefix Tera suggests a trillion of bytes. In the binary system, it would represent 1024 Gigabytes. 1TB is a lot of storage space and to put it in perspective; it can store around a million photos. Nowadays most of the hard drives come in the rage of 1 to 3 TB

Petabyte

A petabyte is almost one quadrillion bytes. In computer binary system, a petabyte is 1024 terabytes of data. This size is quite hard to imagine practically. Nowadays most of the modern technology processors and servers store over petabytes of information. To put it in perspective, one petabyte sized memory can store over 10,000 hours of TV programming shows.

Exabyte

Exabyte or EB is a very large unit of data storage. 1 EB = 1000 Petabytes.

Hope this clears up the air!

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