Command Prompt waxay isu caddaysay inay tahay mid ka mid ah aaladaha ugu wanaagsan ee lagu socodsiiyo amarrada aasaasiga ah ee kuu oggolaanaya inaad ku shaqeyso faylalka iyo faylalka Windows . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Talaabada Amarka^{(Command Prompt)} aad ayuu uga awood badan yahay taas. Waxaad wax u geyn kartaa heerka xiga adiga oo socodsiinaya wax ka badan dhowr amarro horumarsan, oo ay ku jiraan amarro shabakadeed oo anfacaya. Maanta, waxaan baran doonaa sida loo isticmaalo Command Prompt si loo hubiyo isku xirka intarneedka, isku xirka shabakada, u aragto macluumaadka ku saabsan aaladaha shabakada, iyo daawashada xiriirka ka dhexeeya PC gaaga iyo aaladaha kale. Anagoon hadal dheer ka bixin, aan bilowno:

FIIRO GAAR AH:^(NOTE:) Waxaan ku qornay hagahan annagoo adeegsanayna Windows 10 oo wata Noofambar 2019 ^{(November 2019)} Cusbooneysii^(Update) . Si kastaba ha noqotee, dhammaan amarrada la sharraxay waxay u shaqeeyaan si isku mid ah Windows 8.1 iyo Windows 7 . Kahor intaadan sii wadin, haddii aadan aqoon sida loo furo Command Prompt , akhri: 11 siyaabaha loo bilaabo Command Prompt ee Windows^{(11 ways to launch the Command Prompt in Windows)} .

1. Sida loo hubiyo isku xirka internetka ee CMD

Si aad u hubiso in xidhiidhkaaga intarneetku shaqaynayo, waxaad isticmaali kartaa Command Prompt si aad u tijaabiso xidhiidhka aad la leedahay mareegaha qaarkood ama goobta interneedka. Si taas loo sameeyo, waxaad isticmaali kartaa amarka shabakadda ping , oo ay ku xigto ciwaanka shabakadda ama cinwaanka IP-ga. Tusaale ahaan, waxaad hubin kartaa isku xidhka Muwaadinka Dijital ah^{(Digital Citizen)} adigoon furin browser-ka shabakada, adoo ku qoraya amarka "ping www.digitalcitizen.life." Dabadeed ku dhufo Enter kiiboodhkaga.

Haddii tirakoobka ping-ka uusan muujin wax khasaare ah oo xirmo ah, isku xirka internetkaagu wuxuu u shaqeynayaa sidii la rabay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii baakidhooyinku kaa lumaan, taasi waxay la macno tahay in xidhiidhkaaga intarneetka uu go'ay, ama in website-ka aad pinged aanu online ahayn. Si aad laba jeer u hubiso xidhiidhkaaga internetka, ping ugu yaraan degel kale, siiba mid uu had iyo jeer ku jiro, sida www.google.com .

Amarka ping ayaa sidoo kale kuu ogolaanaya inaad isticmaasho "-t" parameter, kaas oo awood kuu siinaya inaad ku dhejiso ciwaanka la cayimay weligiis ilaa inta gacanta laga joojinayo. Tusaale ahaan, waxaanu ku qornay "ping-t www.digitalcitizen.life." Muddo ka dib, waxaan rabnay inaan aragno qaar ka mid ah tirakoobyada isku xirka waxaanan isticmaalnay isku darka kiiboodhka "CTRL + Break."Tani waxay tusinaysaa celceliska amarada ping-ka ee socda ilaa markaas.

Ugu dambeyntii, waxaan joojinay amarka anagoo adeegsanayna isku dhafka kiiboodhka "CTRL + C."Tani waxay joojinaysaa wareegtada aan dhamaadka lahayn ee amarrada ping-ka ee ciwaanka la cayimay.

2. Sideen ku arki karaa dhammaan adabiyeyaasha shabakadaha kombayutarkayga anigoo isticmaalaya CMD ?

Si aad u hesho macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan adabtarada shabakadaada iyo isku xidhka, isticmaal amarka ipconfig . Fur Command Prompt , ku qor ipconfig oo tabo ^(ipconfig,)Gelida^(Enter) . Sida aad ku arki karto shaashadda hoose, marka aad socodsiiso amarkan, Windows -ku waxa uu soo bandhigayaa liiska dhammaan aaladaha shabakadda ee firfircoon, haddii ay ku xidhan yihiin ama ay go’aan yihiin iyo ciwaankooda IP-ga. Waxa kale oo aad helaysaa faahfaahinta sida ciwaanka IP-ga ee albaabkooda caadiga ah, waji-xidhka subnet-ka^{(gateway IP addresses, subnet masks)} iyo xaaladda adabtarada shabakad kasta.

Haddii aad ku darto /all beddelka amarka ipconfig , waxaad heli kartaa heer cusub oo faahfaahsan: macluumaadka DNS^{(DNS information)} , MAC (Xakamaynta Helitaanka Warbaahinta)^{(MAC (Media Access Control))} (ee goobta Ciwaanka Jirka^{(Physical Address)} ), iyo macluumaad kale oo ku saabsan qayb kasta oo shabakad ah. Fiiri sawirka hoose si aad u aragto muunad ah waxa aad ka hesho amarka "ipconfig /all" .

3. Sida loo hubiyo xidhiidhka shabakadaada gudaha CMD

Haddii aad rabto inaad hubiso in xidhiidhkaaga shabakada ee router uu u shaqeeyo sidii la rabay, waxaad isticmaali kartaa isku darka amarrada ipconfig iyo ping . Marka hore, hel macluumaad cmd nic ah^{(cmd nic info)} oo ku saabsan adaabtaada. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, fur Command Prompt oo socodsii ipconfig . Liiska natiijooyinka, cadee adabtarada shabakadda ee loo isticmaalo isku xirka shabakada aad rabto inaad tijaabiso. Kadibna, faahfaahintiisa, hel cinwaanka IP-ga ee routerkaaga oo u fiirso. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aan rabno inaan hubinno isku xirka shabakadda Ethernet , waxaan maamuli doonnaa ipconfig oo aan aragno in cinwaanka IP-ga ee router-keena uu yahay 192.168.50.1.

Talaabada xigta waa in la hubiyo in isku xirka shabakadaha router-ka iyo kombiyuutarka uu yahay OK. Si taas loo sameeyo, waa ku filan inaad ku socodsiiso amarka ping ee cinwaanka IP-ga ee router. Tusaalahayaga, taasi waxay ka dhigan tahay inaan ku soconno amarkan CMD : ping 192.168.50.1 .

Haddii aysan jirin baakado lumay, markaa isku xirka shabakada ee la tijaabiyay si fiican ayuu u socdaa. Haddii kale, waxaa jira dhibaato meel u dhaxaysa kombiyuutarkaaga iyo router-ka, markaas waa inaad hubisaa in adabtarada kombuyuutarkaagu uu si sax ah u habeeyey, in fiilada Ethernet uu yahay OK (haddii aad isticmaalayso xiriir fiilo ah), iyo in router uu yahay mid sax ah. si sax ah loo habeeyey.

4. Sida loo cusboonaysiiyo ciwaanka IP-ga ee adabtarada shabakadaada

Marka xidhiidhka shabakadaadu u shaqayn waayo sidii la rabay, adabtarada shabakadaada waxa laga yaabaa in aanu lahayn ciwaanka IP-ga saxda ah ee loo qoondeeyay. Habka ugu dhaqsaha badan ee la isku dayo in lagu xalliyo arrintan waa in la cusboonaysiiyo ciwaanka IP-ga iyo, nasiib wanaag, waxaad si dhakhso ah u samayn kartaa, si toos ah uga soo degsan amarka^{(Command Prompt)} . Fur CMD oo socodsii amarradan soo socda: ipconfig /release iyo ipconfig /renew . Midka ugu horreeya ( ipconfig /release ) wuxuu ku qasbaa adabtarada shabakaddaada inuu tuuro cinwaanka IP-ga ee loo qoondeeyay, taliska labaad ( ipconfig /renewcinwaanka IP-ga^{(IP address)} adabtarada shabakadda .

Ogsoonow inaad sidoo kale ku amri karto CMD inuu ku socodsiiyo labada amarba hal xariiq adoo ku qoraya "ipconfig /release & ipconfig /renew," iyada oo aan la rogin calaamadaha xigashada. Haddii aad sidan u qorto, Command Prompt waxa uu fulinayaa amarka koowaad, marka uu dhammeeyo, waxa uu si toos ah u socodsiinayaa ta labaad. Qabow^(Cool) , sax? 🙂

Siideynta iyo cusboonaysiinta xuduudaha ^(renew)ayaa^(release) faa'iido u leh shabakadaha isticmaala DHCP (Protocol Configuration Configuration Host Dynamic)^{(DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol))} si ay u qaybiyaan ciwaannada IP si toos ah. Nidaamkaagu waxa uu ka tanaasulayaa ciwaanka uu hadda ku sugan yahay oo waxa uu mid cusub ka codsadaa serfarka DHCP , taasina waxa ay kaa caawin kartaa xalinta arrimaha shabakadaha qaarkood^{(troubleshoot certain network issues)} .

5. Sida loo helo macluumaad fiican oo ku saabsan ciwaannada MAC ee adabtarada shabakadaada^(MAC)

Mid ka mid ah siyaabaha ugu dhaqsaha badan uguna fudud ee lagu heli karo ciwaannada MAC ee adabiyeyaasha shabakadaada waa inaad isticmaasho amarka Getmac . In Command Prompt , ku qor getmac oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) , sida ka muuqata sawirka hoose.

6. Sideen u arki karaa kombayutarada iyo aaladaha ku xidhan shabakadayda addoo isticmaalaya CMD ?

Xaaladaha qaarkood, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad aragto kombuyuutarrada iyo qalabka ku xiran shabakad la mid ah sida aad tahay. Mid ka mid ah siyaabaha ugu fudud oo saaxiibtinimo ee taas loo sameeyo waa in la isticmaalo amarka aragtida saafiga ah^{(net view)} . Bilaw Command Prompt oo socodsii aragtida saafiga ah^{(net view)} . Muddo ka dib, waa inaad aragto liiska kombiyuutarada iyo qalabka shabakadaada.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira digniin ku saabsan amarkan. Aragtida saafiga ah^{(Net view)} ma tuso dhammaan^(all) kombayutarada iyo aaladaha ku jira isku shabakad adiga oo dhan. In kasta oo ay si fiican ugu shaqeyso shabakadaha gaarka ah^{(private networks)} , waxay ku guul dareysataa inay aqoonsato aaladaha sida taleefannada casriga ah ama daabacadaha, sidoo kale waxay leedahay arrimo la xiriira kombuyuutarrada ku shaqeeya nidaamyada hawlgalka ee kala duwan. Haddii aad rabto inaad aragti cad ka hesho wax kasta oo ku xidhan shabakadaada, waa inaad sidoo kale hubisaa amarka xiga.

7. Sideen u arki karaa dhammaan qalabka ku xiran shabakadayda anigoo isticmaalaya CMD ?

Habka ugu wanaagsan ee lagu heli karo dhammaan aaladaha ku xiran isla shabakadda adiga oo ku saleysan adeegsiga amarka arp . Fur Command Prompt oo orod arp-a . Ciwaanka IP-ga marka hore la tuso, ee ku xiga Interface , waxa uu tusayaa ciwaanka IP-ga ee adabtaradaada. Kadib, waxaa jira liis ciwaanada IP-ga ah iyo ciwaanada MAC ( Ciwaanka Jirka^{(Physical Addresses)} ). Dhammaan ciwaanada IP-ga ee ku bilaabma isla lambarada adabtarada shabakadaada waxay ku jiraan isku shabakad iyo/ama subnet-ka sida aad tahay. Dhammaantood waa aaladaha ku xidhan shabakadaada.

Kuwa soo socda maaha aaladaha dhabta ah, laakiin ciwaannada IP-yada ee loo isticmaalo wax -is -badalka badan^{(multicasting)} . Waxay caadi ahaan u adeegsadaan aaladahaaga dhabta ah ee ku qulqulaya warbaahinta shabakadaada. Tusaalahayaga, aaladaha ku xidhan isla shabakadda kombuyutarkeena waa dhammaan kuwa leh ciwaanka IP-ga laga bilaabo 192.168.50.

Haddii aad rabto inaad aragto waxa ay yihiin aaladahaas, qaab aad u saaxiibtinimo leh, nuqul ka samee cinwaanadooda MAC oo ka eeg internetka adoo isticmaalaya Google ama boggaga internetka ee kuu ogolaanaya inaad hubiso iibiyeyaasha ku meeleeya cinwaanada MAC qaarkood , sida DNS Checker . Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad raadinayso cinwaanka MAC 04-d9-f5-b5-b1-f0, waxaad ogaanaysaa inay tahay aalad ay samaysay ASUS . Run ahaantii, waa ASUS ZenWiFi router .

8. Sida loo hubiyo isku xirka shabakada kombiyuutarkaaga iyo furaha dekedaha

Waxaad ka heli kartaa macluumaad kale oo cmd nic ah oo faa'iido leh taliska netstat , kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad aragto isku xirka shabakada ee ka dhex shaqeeya nidaamkaaga iyo nidaamyada kale ee shabakadaada ama internetka.

Haddii aad ku darto -a parameterka amarka netstat , waxaad heli kartaa liis leh dhammaan isku xirka iyo dekedaha dhegeysiga, sida lagu arkay sawirka hoose.

Waa kaas!

Ma taqaan siyaabo kale oo faa'iido leh oo aad ku heli karto macluumaadka cmd nic?

Awaamiirta isku xidhka ee aad ku dhex socon karto Command Prompt waxay faa'iido yeelan kartaa markaad u baahato inaad hesho macluumaadka ku saabsan aaladaha ku xidhan shabakadaada ama markaad rabto inaad tijaabiso xaalada xidhiidhka shabakadaada. Way ku habboon yihiin sidoo kale marka aad qabto arrimaha isku xidhka, oo aad isku dayayso inaad iyaga keligaa xaliso. Haddii aad hayso su'aalo ku saabsan amarradan isku-xidhka, haddii aad u baahan tahay caawimaad, ama haddii aad rabto inaan kuwa kale ku darno liiska, noogu dhaaf faallooyinka hoose.

Command Prompt (CMD) - 8 network commands you should know

Command Prompt proved itself to be one of the best tools for running basic commands that allow you to work with files and folders from Windows. However, the Command Prompt is much more powerful than just that. You can take things to the next level by running more than just a few advanced commands, including a range of handy network commands. Today, we're going to learn how to use Command Prompt to check the internet connection, the network connections, view information about network devices, and watch connections between your PC and other devices. Without further ado, let's begin:

NOTE: We wrote this guide using Windows 10 with November 2019 Update. However, all the commands illustrated work the same way in Windows 8.1 and Windows 7. Before going any further, if you don't know how to open the Command Prompt, read: 11 ways to launch the Command Prompt in Windows.

1. How to check internet connection in CMD

To check whether your internet connection works, you can use Command Prompt to test your connection to a certain website or internet location. To do that, you can use the ping network command, followed by a web address or IP address. For instance, you can check the connectivity to Digital Citizen without opening a web browser, by typing the command "ping www.digitalcitizen.life." Then press Enter on your keyboard.

If the ping statistics don't show any loss of packets, your internet connection is working as it should. However, if you get lost packets, that means that either your internet connection is broken, or that the website you pinged is not online. To double-check your internet connection, ping at least another website, preferably one that it's always on, such as www.google.com.

The ping command also allows you to use the handy "-t" parameter, which enables you to ping the specified address forever until it's manually stopped. For instance, we typed "ping -t www.digitalcitizen.life." After some time, we wanted to see some connection statistics and we used the keyboard combination "CTRL + Break." This shows the averages of the ping commands run until then.

Finally, we terminated the command by using the keyboard combination "CTRL + C." This stops the endless cycle of ping commands to the specified address.

2. How can I see all the network adapters on my computer using CMD?

To obtain detailed information about your network adapters and connections, use the ipconfig command. Open Command Prompt, type ipconfig, and press Enter. As you can see in the screenshot below, when you run this command, Windows displays the list of all the active network devices, whether they're connected or disconnected, and their IP addresses. You also get details such as their default gateway IP addresses, subnet masks and the state of each network adapter.

If you add the /all switch to the ipconfig command, you can get to a whole new level of detail: DNS information, the MAC (Media Access Control) (in the Physical Address field), and other information about each network component. Check out the picture below to see a sample of what you get from the "ipconfig /all" command.

3. How to check your network connection in CMD

If you want to check whether your network connection to the router is operating as it should, you can use a combination of the commands ipconfig and ping. First, get some cmd nic info about your adapter. In other words, open Command Prompt and run ipconfig. In the list of results, identify the network adapter that's used for connecting to the network you want to test. Then, in its details, find the IP address of your router and note it down. For example, if we'd want to check our Ethernet network connection, we'd run ipconfig and see that our router's IP address is 192.168.50.1.

The next step is to check that the network connection between the router and the computer is OK. To do that, it's enough to run the ping command on the router's IP address. In our example, that would mean that we have to run this command in CMD: ping 192.168.50.1.

If there are no packets lost, then the network connection tested is running well. Otherwise, there's a problem somewhere between your computer and the router, in which case you should check that your PC's network adapter is configured correctly, that the Ethernet cable is OK (if you're using a wired connection), and that the router is configured properly.

4. How to renew the IP address of your network adapter

When your network connection doesn't work as it should, your network adapter might not have the right IP address assigned. A quick way of trying to solve this issue is to renew its IP address and, fortunately, you can do that quickly, straight from the Command Prompt. Open CMD and run the following commands: ipconfig /release and ipconfig /renew. The first one (ipconfig /release) forces your network adapter to drop its assigned IP address, and the second command (ipconfig /renew) renews the network adapter's IP address.

Note that you can also instruct CMD to run both commands in one line by typing "ipconfig /release & ipconfig /renew," without the inverted quotation marks. If you type them like this, Command Prompt executes the first command and, when it's done, it automatically runs the second one. Cool, right? 🙂

The release and renew parameters are useful in networks that use DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) to distribute IP addresses automatically. Your system gives up its current address and requests a new one from the DHCP server, and that can help you troubleshoot certain network issues.

5. How to get nic info about your network adapter's MAC addresses

One of the fastest and easiest ways to obtain the MAC addresses of your network adapters is to use the getmac command. In Command Prompt, type getmac and press Enter, as seen in the image below.

6. How can I see the computers and devices connected to my network using CMD?

In some cases, you might want to see what computers and devices are connected to the same network as you are. One of the easy and friendly ways to do that is to use the net view command. Launch Command Prompt and run net view. After a while, you should see a list of the computers and devices in your network.

However, there's a caveat about this command. Net view doesn't show all the computers and devices that are in the same network as you. Although it works well enough for private networks, it fails to identify devices such as smartphones or printers, and also has issues with computers that are running different operating systems. If you want to get a clear view of everything that's connected to your network, you should also check the next command.

7. How can I see all the devices connected to my network using CMD?

The best way to find all the devices connected to the same network as you is based on using the arp command. Open Command Prompt and run arp -a. The IP address shown first, next to Interface, displays your network adapter's IP address. Then, there's a list of IP addresses and MAC addresses (Physical Addresses). All the IP addresses that start with the same numbers as your network adapter are in the same network and/or subnet as you are. They are all devices connected to your network.

The next ones are not real devices, but IP addresses used for multicasting. They are commonly used by your real devices for streaming media on your network. In our example, the devices connected to the same network as our computer are all the ones that have IP addresses starting with 192.168.50.

If you want to see what those devices are, in a more human-friendly way, copy their MAC addresses and look them up on the internet using Google or on websites that let you check which vendors assign certain MAC addresses, such as DNS Checker. For instance, if you're looking for the MAC address 04-d9-f5-b5-b1-f0, you find that it's a device made by ASUS. In truth, it's an ASUS ZenWiFi router.

8. How to check your computer's network connections and open ports

You can get other useful cmd nic info from the netstat command, which lets you see the network connections that are active between your system and any other systems on your network or the internet.

If you add the -a parameter to the netstat command, you can get a list with all the connections and listening ports, as seen in the image below.

That's it!

Do you know other useful ways to get cmd nic info?

The networking commands that you can run in the Command Prompt can be useful when you need to find information about devices connected to your network or when you want to test your network connections state. They're convenient also when you have networking issues, and you're trying to troubleshoot them by yourself. If you have questions about these networking commands, if you need help, or if you want us to add others to the list, leave us a comment below.

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