Geeks iyo khabiiradu waxay jecel yihiin Command Prompt sababtoo ah amarada horumarsan ee ay ku socon karto. Nasiib wanaag, Command Prompt kuma dhisna kaliya amarrada horumarsan, laakiin sidoo kale kuwa fudud, oo loogu talagalay in lagu fuliyo hawlgallada aasaasiga ah. Maqaalkan, waxaan ku tusineynaa sida loo fuliyo amarrada sida beddelka tusaha hadda, u beddelashada darawal kale, daawashada waxa ku jira tusaha, abuurista iyo beddelka faylalka, nuqul ka samaynta, tirtiridda faylasha iyo faylalka, iyo soo saarista codsiyada ka imanaya Command Prompt . Waxaan sidoo kale ku tusin doonaa sida loo helo caawimo marka aad app-kan u isticmaalayso Windows . Aan^(Let) bilowno:

FIIRO GAAR AH:^(NOTE:) Macluumaadka lagu wadaago casharkan waxay khuseeyaan Windows 10 , Windows 8.1, iyo Windows 7. Ogsoonow, si fudud, waxaan u isticmaaleynaa shaashado laga qaaday kaliya Windows 10 .

1. Sida loo beddelo tusaha (folderka) ku jira Command Prompt ( CMD )

Amarka ugu horreeya ee liiska waa CD (Beddel Hagaha). ^{(CD (Change Directory).)}Amarkani waxa uu awood kuu siinayaa in aad beddesho hagaha hadda ama, si kale haddii loo dhigo, aad u dhex gasho gal kale oo ka mid ah PC gaaga. Tusaale ahaan, CD-ga^(CD) amarku wuxuu ku geynayaa dusha sare ee geedka hagaha. Si aad u aragto sida uu u shaqeeyo, ka dib markaad furto Command Prompt , ku qor cd oo taabo Gelida^(Enter) kumbuyuutarkaaga. Waa inaad aragto sida amarka CD- gu kuu geynayo meesha ugu sarreysa ee geedka hagaha. Xaaladdan oo kale, ku soco "C:" wadista.

Ogsoonow in Command Prompt uusan ahayn mid xasaasi ah, taasoo la macno ah inaad ku qori karto amarrada adigoo isticmaalaya xarfo waaweyn, farmaajo yaryar ama wax kasta oo isku dhafan. Amarrada CD, cd ama Cd, dhammaan si isku mid ah ayay u shaqeeyaan.

Dib ugu noqo amarka "CD" , hadda waxaad ka shaqaynaysaa xididka "C:" wadista. Haddii aad u baahan tahay in aad gal gaar ah ka drive this ordi amarka "Faylka CD." ^{("CD Folder.")}Faylal-hoosaadyada waa in lagu kala saaraa dabeecad dib-u-dhac ah: "." Tusaale ahaan, marka aad u baahan tahay inaad gasho System32 folder ee ku yaala "C:\Windows," qor "cd windows\system32" sida hoos ku cad, ka dibna taabo Gelida^(Enter) kumbuyuutarkaaga.

Markaad u baahato inaad hal gal kor u kacdo, isticmaal amarka " cd.." Aynu ka soo qaadno inaad rabto inaad ku laabato galka Windows . Ku qor "cd.." oo taabo Gelida^(Enter) kumbuyuutarkaaga.

Saameyntu waa in hagahaagu hadda isu beddelo "C:\Windows."

2. Sida loo beddelo darawalka Command Prompt ( CMD )

Si aad u gasho darawal kale, ku qor xarafka wadista, oo ay ku xigto ":" . Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad rabto inaad ka bedesho darawalka "C:" una beddelo "D:", waa inaad ku qortaa "d:" ka dibna taabo Gelida^(Enter) kumbuyuutarkaaga.

Si aad isku mar u beddesho darawalka iyo hagaha, isticmaal amarka cd , oo ay ku xigto furaha "/d"Halbeegga "/d" waxa loo istcmaalaa in lagu beddelo wadista hadda oo loo beddelo gal gaar ah oo mugga diskka kale ah.

Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad hadda ku jirto "D:" wadista oo aad rabto inaad dib ugu noqoto galka Windows ka "C:", waa inaad ku qortaa "cd /d C:\Windows" oo taabo Gelida^(Enter) kumbuyuutarkaaga. sida sawirka soo socda.

FIIRO GAAR AH:^(NOTE:) Markaad ku qorto kaliya xarafka wadista waxaad si toos ah ugu guuraysaa goobtaadii ugu dambaysay ee wadistaas. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad ku jirto "D:" wad oo ku qor "cd c:\windows" waxba uma muuqdaan inay dhacayaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad ku qorto "c:" markaas galka shaqadu wuxuu isu beddelayaa "c:\windows," adigoo u malaynaya inuu ahaa galkii ugu dambeeyay ee aad ka shaqeysay "C:" wadistaada.

3. Sida loo arko waxa ku jira tusaha ku jira Command Prompt ( CMD )

Waxaad arki kartaa waxa ku jira gal adiga oo isticmaalaya amar la yiraahdo DIR . Si loo tijaabiyo, waxaan ku abuurnay gal la yiraahdo Digital_Citizen D: wadista, oo wata faylal badan iyo fayl-hoosaadyo. Waxaad ku arki kartaa sawirka hoose.

Markii ugu dambeysay, galkeena shaqadu wuxuu ahaa "C:\Windows."Si aad ugu socoto galka sare lagu soo sheegay, waa inaan isticmaalnaa amarka "cd /d D:\Digital_Citizen."Si aad u aragto waxa ku jira galka, ku qor DIR , oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) . Liiska faylalka iyo faylalka uu ka kooban yahay waa la soo bandhigay, oo ay la socdaan tafaasiil mid walba ku saabsan (xajmiga iyo taariikhda iyo wakhtiga markii ugu dambaysay ee wax laga beddelay).

4. Sida loo sameeyo hage cusub oo wata Command Prompt ( CMD )

Waxaad samayn kartaa gal cusub adoo isticmaalaya MKDIR (Samee Hagaha)^{(MKDIR (Make Directory))} ama amarka MD . Ereyga amarradan waa "MKDIR Folder" ama "Faylka MD."^{("MD Folder.")}

Aynu nidhaahno waxaan u baahanahay inaan abuurno gal cusub oo la yiraahdo Digital_Citizen_Life kaas oo la gelinayo gal "D:\Digital_Citizen" . Si taas loo sameeyo, waxaan u baahanahay inaan ku qorno "mkdir Digital_Citizen_Life"^{("mkdir Digital_Citizen_Life")} ka dibna taabo Gelida^(Enter) , sida hoos ku cad.

Si aad u tijaabiso haddii ay shaqeysay, isticmaal amarka DIR mar kale. Galka cusub ee la sameeyay ayaa ka muuqda liiska.

FIIRO GAAR AH:^(NOTE:) Ha iloobin in dhammaan amarradan ay ku xiran yihiin goobta hadda ee Talada Talada^{(Command Prompt)} . Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad ku jirto "C:" wadista oo ku qor "imtixaanka MKDIR,"^{("MKDIR test,")} galka cusub waxaa lagu abuuray xididka "C:" wadista.

Habka kale ee loo sameeyo gal aan ku lug lahayn ku jiritaan galka la rabo waa in la qoro wadadii galka cusub oo dhamaystiran. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad ku shaqaynayso "D:" wadista oo aad rabto inaad ku abuurto gal cusub "C:," oo loo yaqaan other_stuff , ku qor "mkdir c:\other_stuff" kadibna tabo Gelida^(Enter) .

Markaad u baahato inaad abuurto gal leh fayl-hoosaadyo isku mar, waxaad isticmaali kartaa amarka "MKDIR FolderSubfolder" . Tusaale ahaan, haddii aan "mkdir Digital_Citizen_Tests\Beta\Test1" saddex fayl ayaa la sameeyay: Digital_Citizen_Tests, Beta iyo Test1 , oo ku jira qaab-dhismeedka geedka oo kale.

5. Sida loo beddelo faylalka iyo faylalka Command Prompt ( CMD )

Si aad dib ugu magacawdo faylasha iyo faylalka, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad isticmaasho amarka REN (Rename) . Si aad dib ugu magacawdo faylalka, ku qor "ren Folder NewFolderName." Tusaale ahaan, haddii aan rabno inaan u magacowno^{(Digital_Citizen_Tests)} galka Digital_Citizen_Tests Digital_Citizen_Final_Tests,^{(Digital_Citizen_Final_Tests,)} waa inaan wadnaa "ren Digital_Citizen_Tests Digital_Citizen_Final_Tests" oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) .

Si aad dib u magacawdo faylka, isticmaal isla amarkii, sida tan: "ren filename.extension newname.extension" . Tusaale ahaan, si loogu beddelo^{(Digital_Citizen_Picture1.bmp)} faylka Digital_Citizen_Picture1.bmp Image0.bmp,^{(Image0.bmp,)} waa inaan wadnaa amarka "ren Digital_Citizen_Image1.bmp Image0.bmp" .

Akhri bogga labaad ee casharkan haddii aad rabto inaad barato sida loo koobiyeeyo faylasha iyo faylalka, tirtirto faylasha iyo faylalka, bilaw codsi, iyo inaad hesho caawimo markaad isticmaalayso Command Prompt .

Command Prompt: 11 basic commands you should know (cd, dir, mkdir, etc.)

Geeks and еxperts love the Command Prompt because of the advanced commands it can run. Fortunately, Command Prompt is not built only on advanced commands, but also on simple ones, designed to perform basic operations. In this article, we show you how to execute commands such as changing the current directory, switching to another drive, viewing the contents of a directory, creating and renaming folders, copying, deleting files and folders, and launching applications from the Command Prompt. We are also going to show you how to get help when using this app for Windows. Let's get started:

NOTE: The information shared in this tutorial applies to Windows 10, Windows 8.1, and Windows 7. Note that, for simplicity, we are using screenshots taken only in Windows 10.

1. How to change the directory (folder) in Command Prompt (CMD)

The first command from the list is CD (Change Directory). This command enables you to change the current directory or, in other words, to navigate to another folder from your PC. For instance, the command CD takes you to the top of the directory tree. To see how it works, after you open the Command Prompt, type cd and press Enter on your keyboard. You should see how the CD command takes you to the top of the directory tree. In this case, to the "C:" drive.

Note that the Command Prompt is not case sensitive, meaning that you can type commands using capital letters, lowercase or any combination of them. The commands CD, cd or Cd, all work the same way.

Going back to the "CD" command, now you are working on the root of the "C:" drive. If you need to go to a specific folder from this drive run the command "CD Folder." The subfolders must be separated by a backslash character: "." For instance, when you need to access the System32 folder located in "C:\Windows," type "cd windows\system32" as shown below, and then press Enter on your keyboard.

When you need to go one folder up, use the "cd.." command. Let's assume that you want to go back to the Windows folder. Type "cd.." and press Enter on your keyboard.

The effect is that your current directory changes to "C:\Windows."

2. How to change the drive in Command Prompt (CMD)

To access another drive, type the drive's letter, followed by ":". For instance, if you wanted to change the drive from "C:" to "D:", you should type "d:" and then press Enter on your keyboard.

To change the drive and the directory at the same time, use the cd command, followed by the "/d" switch. The "/d" parameter is used to change the current drive to a specific folder from another disk volume.

For instance, if you are now on the "D:" drive and you want to go back to the Windows folder from the"C:" drive, you should type "cd /d C:\Windows" and press Enter on your keyboard, like in the following screenshot.

NOTE: By typing only the drive letter you automatically move to your most recent location on that drive. For instance, if you are on "D:" drive and type "cd c:\windows" nothing seems to happen. However, if you type "c:" then the working folder changes to "c:\windows," assuming that it was the last folder you worked with on your "C:" drive.

3. How to view the contents of a directory in Command Prompt (CMD)

You can view the contents of a folder by using a command called DIR. To test it, we have created a folder named Digital_Citizen on the D: drive, with several files and subfolders. You can see them in the screenshot below.

The last time, our working folder was "C:\Windows." To navigate to the folder mentioned above, we have to use the command "cd /d D:\Digital_Citizen." To view the contents of the folder, type DIR, and press Enter. The list of the files and folders contained by it is displayed, together with some details about each of them (the size and the date and time when they were last modified).

4. How to create a new directory with Command Prompt (CMD)

You can make a new folder using the MKDIR (Make Directory) or the MD command. The syntax of these commands is "MKDIR Folder" or "MD Folder."

Let's say we need to create a new folder called Digital_Citizen_Life that is going to be placed in the "D:\Digital_Citizen" folder. To do that, we need to type "mkdir Digital_Citizen_Life" and then press Enter, as shown below.

To test if it worked, use the DIR command again. The newly created folder appears in the list.

NOTE: Do not forget that all these commands depend on the current location in the Command Prompt. For instance, if you are on the "C:" drive and type "MKDIR test," the new folder is created in the root of the "C:" drive.

Another way to create a folder that does not involve being in the desired folder is to type the complete path of the new folder. For example, if you are working on the "D:" drive and you want to create a new folder in "C:," called other_stuff, type "mkdir c:\other_stuff" and then press Enter.

When you need to create a folder with subfolders at the same time, you can use the "MKDIR FolderSubfolder" command. For instance, if we type "mkdir Digital_Citizen_Tests\Beta\Test1" three folders are created: Digital_Citizen_Tests, Beta and Test1, in a tree-like structure.

5. How to rename files and folders with Command Prompt (CMD)

To rename files and folders, you need to use the REN (Rename) command. To rename folders, type "ren Folder NewFolderName." For example, if we wanted to rename the Digital_Citizen_Tests folder to Digital_Citizen_Final_Tests, we should run "ren Digital_Citizen_Tests Digital_Citizen_Final_Tests" and press Enter.

To rename a file, use the same command, like this: "ren filename.extension newname.extension". For instance, to rename the Digital_Citizen_Picture1.bmp file to Image0.bmp, we have to run the command "ren Digital_Citizen_Image1.bmp Image0.bmp" command.

Read the second page of this tutorial if you want to learn how to copy files and folders, delete files and folders, start an application, and get help when using the Command Prompt.

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