Dembiyada internetka^(Cybercrime) waxaa lagu qeexaa dambi kasta oo ku lug leh isticmaalka kombiyuutarka ama internetka^(Internet) . Waxay noqon kartaa phishing, daba gal, dalabyo been abuur ah, jabsiga madadaalada, ama jabsiga faa'iidooyinka dhaqaale . Baaxadda qoraalkani waxay ku kooban tahay ururrada dembiyada internetka ee habaysan iyo kuwa aan abaabulnayn^{(organized and unorganized cybercrime syndicates)} , argagixisanimada internetka, shirkadaha, iyo dembiyada internetka ee dawladdu ay kabto.

Dambiyada internetka ee aan la soo agaasimin

Kuwani waa dad keligood ama kooxo yaryar u shaqeeya si ay u galaan dambiyada internetka sida phishing, cyberstalking, iyo jabsiga kombiyuutarada ama mareegaha kale. Waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa xatooyo aqoonsiga^{(identity theft)} ama luminta hantida sida iimaylka, adeegayaasha, iwm.

Inta badan, dambiilayaashani uma shaqeeyaan lacag kaliya. Dembiga ay sameeyeen si guul leh ayaa ka dhiga inay dareemaan wanaag iyo awood.

Qaarkood haba yaraatee maba tababaran. Dembiilayaashan ayaa ka soo dejisanaya koodhka jabsiga ee Shabakadda Dark^{(Dark Net)} oo ay adeegsadaan.

Qaar ka mid ah qaybtan ayaa ah kuwo karti leh. Way awoodaan haddii aan la ogaan, way sii wadan karaan inay abuuraan ama ku biiraan ururrada dembiyada internetka ee abaabulan. Waxaan ka hadli doonaa wax ku saabsan fal-dembiyeedyada internetka hal daqiiqo gudaheed.

Dembiyada internetka ee aan la soo agaasimin waa sida adeegyada shaqada ee aan abaabulnayn: xoogaa fowdo ah maadaama aysan lahayn xeerar. Waxa kale oo loo yaqaan qaybta aan xirfadda lahayn ee dambiyada internetka sababtoo ah waxay u baahan tahay wax ka yar ama xirfad la'aan. Sidii hore loo sheegay, wax walba waa laga heli karaa mugdiga.

Dambiyada internetka ee la soo agaasimay

Ururada, jabsiga ay maal-gashadaan shirkadu, argagixisanimada internetka, iyo kafiilka dawladda ee dambiyada internetka ayaa ka dhigaya nuxurka qaybtan.

Kooxaha dambiyada internetka

Tusaalaha ugu fiican ee syndicates wuxuu noqon lahaa "The Anonymous". Waa koox habaysan oo hackers ah kuwaas oo guud ahaan wax jabsada si ay fariintooda u gudbiyaan. Syndicate Tani maaha mid waxyeello u leh inta aan ogahay. Waxay kaliya caawiyaan in ay fariin u gudbiyaan kuwa muhiimka ah.

   Anonymous’ motivation was best described as giving voice for those not heard, and responding to unanswered abuses like racism and corruption, the group says.

Waxaa jira ururo aan la magacaabin si guud; Waxa kaliya oo ay magacawday kood hay'adaha amniga. Waa ururo isku dara dambiyada internetka iyo dembiyada kale sida iibinta daroogada, iyo ka ganacsiga dadka, iyada oo loo marayo internetka^(Internet) .

Argagixisada Internetka

Waxaa laga yaabaa ama ma laga yaabaa in ay dawladu kafaalo qaado. Argagaxisada internetka waxay sababtaa cabsi baahsan iyo xataa nolol lumin. Waxaana lagu qeexi karaa sidan.

            Cyber terrorism is the use of computers and internet to cause severe disruption or widespread fear in society.

Ururada noocaan ah (unugyada argagixisanimada Cyber) waxay khalkhaliyaan nidaamka caadiga ah waxayna hoos u dhigaan adeegyada muhiimka ah, soo saaraan hanjabaado, si xun u waxyeeleeyaan dadka. Way afduubaan xogtaada waxayna waydiisanayaan madax furasho si ay u soo celiyaan. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad maqashay ransomware . Dembiilayaasha internetka ayaa kaa xidha oo waxay ka dalbadaan madax furasho Bitcoins ama cryptocurrency kasta oo kale si ay ugu oggolaadaan gelitaanka kombiyuutarkaaga.

Waxaa jira war ku saabsan malware-ka ku dhex jira firmware-kaaga. Xaaladdan oo kale, kama takhalusi kartid kaliya adigoo qaabeynaya oo dib u rakibaya nidaamka hawlgalka. Tani waa cabsi - malware-ka naftiisa ku qoraya flash ROM ( Read Only Memory ) oo halkaas ku dheggan. Sida kaliya ee looga saari karo waa in la furo oo dib loo qoro koodhka firmware-ka adiga oo aan burburin kombuyuutarkaaga. Tani waxay mar kale u baahan tahay xirfadlayaal dib u qori kara firmware-ka ( ROM inta badan kiisaska)

Dembiyada internetka^(Cybercrime) ee la soo agaasimay – dambiyada ay dawladdu maalgaliso ee ^{(State-sponsored)}shirkadaha^(Corporate) iyo dawladda

Waxaan kor ku soo qaatay laba tusaale oo ka mid ah argagixisada internetka, kuwaas oo aan ahayn xaalado xad dhaaf ah. Aad u daran waa marka dambiilaha internetka uu burburiyo guryaha sida iimaylkaaga, iyo mareegaha si ay khasaare toos ah ugu geystaan ​​dhibbanaha weerarka internetka.

Guryaha shirkadaha waxay^{(Corporate houses)} adeegsadaan hackers si ay u fududeeyaan tartanka ay kula jiraan kuwa ay xafiiltamaan. Waxay shaqaaleeyaan haakarisyo tayo leh si ay u jabiyaan shabakadaha ay xafiiltamaan macluumaadka ay rabaan. Inta badan^(Mostly) waa in la ogaado qorshayaasha ay xafiiltamaan. Tusaale ahaan shirkad la soo kiraystay oo jabsatay oo jabsatay shirkadda ay xafiiltamaan si ay u ogaadaan tafaasiisha qandaraaska si ay u abuuraan mid ka wanaagsan ka hor intaysan gudbin. Intooda badan ma daneeyaan haddii ay tahay koofiyad cad oo la jabsado ama koofiyad madow oo la jabsado ilaa inta iskudaygu midho dhalo.

Dambiyada internetka ee dawladu taageerto

Kuwani waa tuugo u shaqeeya dawladda. Waxay galaan dambiyada internetka laakiin ma galaan jeelasha sababtoo ah waxay leeyihiin xasaanad dawladeed. Waxay u shaqeeyaan dawlado kala duwan. Shaqadooda inteeda badan waxay u janjeertaa inay ku dhuftaan dadka muhiimka ah.

Waxay sidoo kale weeraraan mareegaha wadamada kale oo ay jabsadaan server-yadooda si ay macluumaad uga helaan. Wax walba waa habaysan yihiin. Dawladdu waxay shaqaaleysiisaa hackers caan ku ah xirfadahooda. Kadib waxay adeegsadaan tuugadan si ay u gaadhaan ujeedadooda: sharci ama sharci darro

Tusaalaha dambiyada internetka ee ay dawladu kabto waxay keeni kartaa adeegyada muhiimka ah ee wadamada kale. Waxay jabsan karaan shabkada waaxda korontada oo ay hoos u dhigi karaan shabkada oo dhan si dadku ay uga tagaan koronto la'aan maalmo.

Hackers-ka qaranku kafaalo qaado waxaa laga yaabaa ama laga yaabo inay ka shaqeeyaan xafiisyada wakaalada amniga. Waxa laga yaabaa inay ka shaqaynayeen amar dawladeed oo ka soo baxay guriga hoose ee gurigooda ama waxay fadhiyaan Starbucks . Waxa lasiiyaa mushaharka marka talaabada la qaaday lagu guulaysto.

Soo koobid: Dambiyada internetka oo aan la soo agaasimin oo la soo agaasimay

Aynu si degdeg ah u eegno waxa ku xusan maqaalkan.

• Hackers waxay yeelan karaan xirfado sare oo aan lahayn xirfado; noocyada kala duwan ee code jabsiga ayaa diyaar u ah iibka shabakada mugdiga ah
• Hacker-ka hiwaayadda waxa uu u sameeyaa inta badan in uu dareemo awood iyo dareen ku qanacsanaanta degdega ah; Ma beegsadaan hay'ado waaweyn sida FBI ama mareegaha kale ee dawladda dhexe
• Waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah kooxaha dambiyada internetka isticmaala hababka dambiyada internetka si ay fariintooda u gudbiyaan oo ay hoos ugu dhigaan fikradaha dadka kale.
• Argagaxisada internetka^(Cyber) waxay waxyeelo u geysataa hantida baaxadeeda; Xitaa markii Trump uu kula kulmayay Kim Waqooyiga Kuuriya^{(North Korea)} , kooxaha dambiyada internetka ee Kuuriya ayaa sii waday jabsiga bangiyada iyo mareegaha adeegyada kale ee muhiimka ah si ay u abuuraan fowdo. Waxay ku andacoonayaan inay dhibsadeen markii Trump uu yiri, " Kim waa nin gantaal ah" waqti ka hor.
• Shirkaduhu waxay kafaala-qaadaan dambiyada internetka si ay uga gudbaan tartankooda
• Dawladuhu waxay shaqaaleysiinayaan hackers si ay dadka iyo dalalka u dhuuqaan; Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inay ka helaan tuugta inay hoos u dhigaan adeegyada muhiimka ah sida korontada ama biyaha; Waxa kale oo ay mararka qaarkood galaan dambi iyaga oo jabsada, oo ay sii daayaan xog-ururinta dalalka ay isku hayaan

Tan sare waxay sharxaysaa dembiyada aan abaabulnayn iyo kuwa habaysan. Haddii aad rabto inaad ka hadasho dambiyada internetka, fadlan faallo ka bixi hoos.

Cybercrime and its classification - Organized and Unorganized

Cybercrime is defined as any crime that involves the use of computer or Internet. It could be Phishing, stalking, fake offers, hacking for fun, or hacking for financial gains. The scope of this post is limited to organized and unorganized cybercrime syndicates, cyber terrorism, corporate, and state-sponsored cybercrimes.

Unorganized Cybercrimes

These are people working alone or in small teams to commit cybercrimes like phishing, cyberstalking, and hacking other computers or websites. It could also be an identity theft or loss of property like email, servers, etc.

In most cases, these criminals are not working just for money. A crime committed successfully makes them feel good and powerful.

Some of them are not trained at all. These criminals download hack code from the Dark Net and use it.

Some from this category are talented. They can if undetected, go on to create or join organized cybercrime syndicates. We’ll talk about cybercrime syndicates in a moment.

The unorganized cybercrime is just like the unorganized labor services: a bit chaotic as it lacks rules. It is also called the unskilled sector of cybercrime because it requires less to no skills. As said earlier, everything is available on the darknet.

Organized Cybercrime

Syndicates, corporate-sponsored hacking, cyber terrorism, and state sponsor of cybercrime forms the essence of this section.

Cybercrime Syndicates

The best example of syndicates would be “The Anonymous”. They are an organized group of hackers who generally hack things to get their message(s) across. This syndicate is not as harmful as far as I know. They just help in getting a message across to those who matter.

   Anonymous’ motivation was best described as giving voice for those not heard, and responding to unanswered abuses like racism and corruption, the group says.

There are syndicates that are not named in public; they’re just code-named by security agencies. They are syndicates that mix cybercrime with other crimes like drug selling, and human trafficking, via the Internet.

Cyber Terrorism

May or may not be state-sponsored. Cyber terrorism causes widespread fear and even loss of life. It can be defined as follows.

            Cyber terrorism is the use of computers and internet to cause severe disruption or widespread fear in society.

These types of organizations (cyber-terrorist cells) disturb normal routine and may bring down essential services, issue threats, harm people badly. They kind of kidnap your data and ask for ransom for returning it. You might have heard of ransomware. Cybercriminals lock you out and demand ransom in Bitcoins or any other cryptocurrency for allowing access to your computer.

There is news about malware that resides on your firmware. In this case, you cannot get rid of it just by formatting and reinstalling the operating system. This is frightening – a malware writing itself on the flash ROM (Read Only Memory) and sticking there. The only way to remove it is to flash and rewrite the firmware code without destroying your computer. This again requires professionals who can rewrite the firmware (ROM in most cases)

Organized Cybercrime – Corporate and State-sponsored crime

I gave just two examples of cyber-terrorism above, which are not extreme cases. Extreme is when any cybercriminal destroys properties such as your email, and websites to cause direct loss to the victim of the cyberattack.

Corporate houses use hackers to ease the competition with its rivals. They hire talented hackers to break into the networks of their rivals for the information they want. Mostly it is to find out the plans of their rivals. An example would be a company hired hacker breaking into the company’s rival to find out the details of a tender so that they can create a better one before submitting it. Most of them don’t care if it is a white hat hacking or black hat hacking as long as the attempts bear fruit.

State-backed cybercrime

These are hackers who work for the government. They commit cybercrimes but do not go to jails because they have state immunity. They work for different governments. Most of their work tilts towards snooping on people who are important.

They also attack other countries’ websites and hack into their servers for information. Everything is organized. The state hires hackers known for their skills. They then use these hackers to achieve their aim: legal or illegal

An example of state-sponsored cybercrime could be bringing essential services of other countries. They can hack into the network of electricity department and take down the entire grid so that people are left without power for days.

State-sponsored hackers may or may not work from the security agency offices. They could be working on a state order from their home’s basement or sitting at Starbucks. They are paid when the action taken is successful.

Summary: Unorganized and Organized Cybercrime

Let’s take a quick look at what is covered in this article.

• Hackers may have high skills to no skills; different types of hacking code are available for sale on the darknet
• The amateur hacker does it mostly for feeling powerful and own sense of quick gratification; They don’t target bigger entities like FBI or other federal government websites
• There are some cybercrime syndicates that use cybercrime methods to get their message across and to bring down others’ ideology.
• Cyber terrorists are harmful to properties at a large scale; Even as Trump was meeting Kim in North Korea, the Korean cybercrime syndicates kept hacking banking and other essential service websites to create chaos. They claim they were offended when Trump said, “Kim is a rocket man” some time ago.
• Corporate sponsors cybercrime to get an edge over their competition
• Governments hire hackers to snoop on people and countries; they may also get the hackers to bring down essential services like electricity or water; they also sometimes commit a crime by breaking into, and leaking databases of the rival countries

The above explains unorganized and organized crime. If you wish to talk about cybercrime, please comment below.

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