Qaar badan oo ka mid ah dadka aan dugsiga la aaday, waxay leeyihiin carruur ay awoowe u yihiin (Aniga lafteydu aad ayaan u da'yarahay taas, dabcan). Oo markii aan ka dhex dhex raadiyo blog-yo ku jihaysan tignoolajiyada iyo mareegaha, waxaan ogaaday in qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ahi ay u isticmaalaan "ayeeyo" sida gaabnida "tignoolajiyada rajo la'aanta iyo caqli la'aanta." Maxay taasi ka qabtaa wax kasta? Buuga usbuucan waa Kumbiyuutarka Windows 7 ee Waayeelka iyo Caqliga^{(Computing with Windows 7 for the Older and Wiser)} . Marka la eego aragtida dadka da'da ah ee rajo la'aanta ah oo aan caqli-gal ahayn, buugani macno ma samaynayaa? Si kasta oo da'daadu tahay, sii akhri.

Isagoo ka hadlaya Waayo-aragnimada

Qoraaga buuga, Adrian Arnold , ayaa inoo sheegaysa in uu yahay mid ka mid ah "kooxdii ka da'danayd iyo kuwa caqliga leh" ee buuggan loo qoray. Wuxuu dadka da'da ah barayay isticmaalka kombayutarka sannado badan, wuxuuna leeyahay qaab qoraal ah oo farxad leh, oo dhulka hoos u socda oo aan cidna kula hadlin. Isagu waa Ingiriis, wuxuuna adeegsadaa higaada iyo tibaaxaha Ingiriisida, sidaas darteed dadka Maraykanka caadaystay^(American)waxaa laga yaabaa in luqadda ay xoogaa la qabsato, laakiin maskaxdayda ayaa ka dhigaysa mid aad u xiiso badan. Mararka qaarkood dadku waxay u maleynayaan inaysan fahmi karin fikrad cusub sababtoo ah waa wax aan gebi ahaanba la aqoon. Laakiin inta badan, waxa run ahaantii loo baahan yahay waa in qof uu u sharaxo erayo macno samaynaya. Dadka hadda da'doodu tahay 40 sano iyo wixii ka badan kuma ay korin kombuyuutar guryahooda ku jira sida dadka da'da yar ay u koraan, markaa xirfadaha lagama maarmaanka ah ee isticmaalka kombuyuutarka uma iman iyaga oo carruur ah. Dadka laga yaabo in aan xitaa telefishin ku haysan guriga markii ay caruur ahaayeen qasab uma arki doonaan kombuyuutar inuu yahay qalab faa'iido leh, laakiin waxay u arkaan wax adag oo cabsi leh. Buugan waxa loo qoray si looga gudbo cabsidaas.

Cutub kastaa waa mid gaaban oo barta. Qoraagu waxa uu u malaynayaa in akhristuhu aanu waxba ka garanayn mawduuca oo uu si sax ah u bilaabay sharaxaadda sida wax walba u shaqeeyaan. Waxaan si gaar ah uga helay xaqiiqda ah inuu og yahay in dadka waaweyni ay ka baqayaan inay wax jebiyaan ama ay khalkhaliyaan wax ka baxsan rajada soo kabashada oo dhan, wuxuuna ku bilaabay inuu dadka ka codsado inay si ula kac ah u sameeyaan dhowr waxyaalood (sida adigoo si adag u riixaya labada gacmood) si loo xaqiijiyo in wax xun aysan dhici doonin natiijada. Waxa kale oo uu wax ka qabtaa cabsida ah in ay u muuqato nacasnimo (taas oo, dabcan, aan garanayn xuduudaha da'da) iyo waxyaabo kale oo laga yaabo in ay khuseeyaan qof weyn oo isticmaalaya kombuyuutar markii ugu horeysay. Dabadeed waxa uu sharaxayaa waxa laga raadinayo kombayutarka guriga, iyo sababta ay waxyaalaha qaarkood u fiicnaan lahaayeen in la haysto, waxaanu tilmaamay faa'iidooyinka dhabta ah ee barashada xirfadaha aasaasiga ah ee kombiyuutarka. Waxaas oo dhan waxaa lagu sameeyaa kaftan wanaagsan iyo faham shakhsi ahaaneed oo ku saabsan welwelka dadka. Kadibna wuxuu galaa aasaaskaWindows 7 oo ka hadlaya sida uu u shaqeeyo nidaamka qalliinka, luqadda ka dhigaysa in uu u ekaado in uu isla qolka ku fadhiyo. Waxa kale oo uu kugula talinayaa in la helo "malaa'ig ilaaliye," qof leh xirfado dheeraad ah oo diyaar u ah inuu sameeyo waxoogaa sharraxaad ah ama gacanta lagu hayo marka loo baahdo, taas oo ah talo aad u fiican isticmaal kasta oo kombuyuutar ah.

Xirfadaha wax ku oolka ahi waa aasaasiga

Buuggu waxa uu ku bilaabmaa aasaaska-sida loo shido kombiyuutarka iyo waxa dhacaya inta uu bilaabanayo. Ka dib waxaa jira sharraxaad fudud oo ku saabsan desktop-ka (iyo sababta loogu yeedhay) iyo waxa ay dadku arki doonaan marka Windows 7 dhamaato rarka. Maadaama kombuyuutarku ay la yimaadaan Windows 7 maalmahan, tani waa waxa kumbiyuutarka cusubi uu heli doono, taasina waa barta bilawga ah ee qoraaga si uu u sharaxo sida wax u shaqeeyaan. Waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan halkan ku caddeeyo: Buugani maaha mid ku saabsan in dadka la baro sida buuxda ee loo isticmaalo Windows 7 . Buugani waxa uu ku saabsan yahay in dadka la baro xisaabinta, iyada oo Windows 7 loo isticmaalo habka ugu muhiimsan ee hawlgalka. Sidaa darteed, ma heli doontid aqoon buuxda oo ku saabsan wax walba Windows 7Waa in aad bixiso, laakiin kaliya ee walxaha muhiimka ah ee aad u baahan tahay inaad ogaato. Qoraagu waxa uu u sharaxayaa kiiboodhka isaga oo barbar dhigaya kiiboodhka nooca wax lagu qoro, kaas oo ay dadka da’da ahi ay ogaan doonaan, waxa aanu tilmaamay furayaasha ka duwan kuwa loo isticmaali karo. Maadaama isticmaalka jiirka uu noqon karo xirfad cusub oo gebi ahaanba cusub, waxaa jira sharraxaad fudud oo ku saabsan waxa ay tahay iyo sida ay u shaqeyso, iyo qaar ka mid ah talooyinka ku saabsan ku celcelinta isticmaalka isticmaalka Solitaire (taas oo aan u maleynayay inay ahayd fikrad aad u fiican). Daaqadaha 7 laftiisa waxa lagu sharaxay siyaalo cad oo fudud. Qayb kasta oo ka mid ah daaqada ayaa lagu sifeeyaa, iyadoo la sawirayo. Qoraagu wuxuu sharxayaa waxa barnaamijyadu yihiin, iyo aasaaska maktabadaha^(libraries), galalka, iyo faylasha (isbarbardhigga kuwa dhiggooda ah ee dhabta ah si fikradda loo fahmo). Dabadeed waxa jirta qayb ka hadlaysa shakhsiyaynta Desktop-ka^{(personalizing the desktop)} iyo adeegsiga aaladaha^{(using gadgets)} , oo wata tusaalayaal soo jiidan kara dadka da' kasta leh. Waxaa jira sharraxaad wanaagsan oo ku saabsan waxyaalaha ay ka midka yihiin Start Menu , bar- hawleedka^(taskbar) , iyo Windows 7 muuqaalada gaarka ah ee muuqaalka sida Aero Peek , Aero Snap iyo Aero Shake . Qoraagu wuxuu sharxayaa sida mid kastaa u shaqeeyo, wuxuuna bixiyaa talo wax ku ool ah oo ku saabsan waxa la sameeyo si wax walba loogu celiyo sidii ay ahaan jireen haddii isbeddelku soo jiidan waayo.

Waxyaalaha Fududeynta iyo Muhiimadda

Halkii aad si qoto dheer uga baaraan degi lahayd mawduucyada tignoolajiyada, buuggu waxa uu ka hadlayaa waxyaalaha la taaban karo ee dadka da'da ahi ay rabaan in ay ku sameeyaan kombuyuutar - qor, akhri, diraan oo helaan emails, wax ka raadi internetka^(Internet) , dukaanka, samaynta qabanqaabada safarka iyo habeynta sawiro. Waxa kale oo jirta sharraxaad cad oo wanaagsan oo ku saabsan rakibidda software, labadaba diskka iyo soo dejinta. Waa hab aad u wanaagsan. Waan ogahay in hooyaday ay necbayd kombuyuutarrada ilaa ay ka gaadhaysay 70-meeyadii-kadibna qof ayaa siiyay kombayuutar oo tusay sida loo diro loona helo iimaylka oo ay u akhrido mareegta wargeyska ay jeceshahay. Wixii markaas ka dambeeyay, waxay ahayd qof xiiseeya kombayutarka. Markaa, in la ogaado in dhammaan waxyaalahan la taaban karo ay noqon karaan kuwo fudud marka qofku ka gudbo cabsidii hore ay tahay furaha guusha, buugganina runtii wuu bixinayaa.

Buuggu wuxuu ku socdaa akhristaha iyada oo la abuurayo dukumeenti leh WordPad , cashar fudud oo ku saabsan aasaaska habaynta erayada. Isagoo ka bilaabaya sida loo isticmaalo sanduuqa raadinta ee ku jira Start Menu , qoraagu waxa uu soo jeedinayaa in akhristuhu uu kaliya ku dhex ciyaaro kumbuyuutarka iyo mouse-ka si uu u bilaabo, si uu u dareemo raaxo badan oo ku saabsan waxa dhacaya, wuxuuna sharxayaa cursorka iyo jiirka iyo sida loo isticmaalo. way shaqeeyaan. Layligani waxa uu qofka cusub u ogolaanayaa in uu si fudud u isticmaalo Windows 7 . Waxa kale oo jira cutub wanaagsan oo ku saabsan sida loo helo caawimo, kaas oo waxtar u leh qof kasta. Waxa aan la yaabay in aan cutubkan ku arkay qayb ku saabsan adeegsiga Maareeyaha Hawsha^{(Task Manager)} , taas oo aan u malaynayay in loo qaadan doono mawduuc aad u horumarsan—laakin akhristuhu ma khaldami karo isaga oo raacaya tilmaamaha cad ee halkan.

Haddaba waa maxay shaygan "internetka"?

Qeybta interneedka^(Internet) waxaa ku jira tilmaamo lagu dooranayo adeeg bixiyaha iyo dejinta akoontiga iimaylka, iyo sharaxaadda garaacida iyo baladhka. Tani waxay gebi ahaanba ku wajahan tahay akhristaha Ingiriisida, laakiin dadka dalalka kale waxay isticmaali karaan tilmaamaha si ay u helaan adeegyada ku habboon guryahooda. Qaybta xirfadaha Internetka^(Internet) waxaa ku jira tilmaamaha isticmaalka khariidadaha khadka, makiinadaha raadinta, encyclopedias, iyo YouTube . Mar labaad^(Again), xoogga la saarayo mareegta internetka ee bixiya macluumaad wax ku ool ah oo si fudud loo isticmaali karo laguna dhex socon karo. Qaybta wax-ka-iibsiga internetka ayaa ah mid aad u wanaagsan, dadka ka caawinta in aysan helin oo keliya goobaha wax iibsiga, balse ay ka gudbaan cabsida dabiiciga ah ee ah in qofka la siiyo macluumaadka kaadhka deynta goobta mareegta. Waxa jirta qayb si fiican loo sawiray oo sharxaysa eBay iyo PayPal sidoo kale.

Sawirro, laakiin maaha Music?

Qaybta sawir qaadista dhijitaalka ah waxaa ku jira tilmaamaha loo isticmaalo Picasa abaabule ahaan, iyo qaar ka mid ah tilmaamo fudud oo ku saabsan sida loo horumariyo qofka sawirradiisa (agoo gooynaya, midabbada beddelaya iyo wixii la mid ah). Waxa kale oo ay sheegaysaa goobaha ay dadku ku dhejin karaan sawirro dhijitaalka ah oo ay ka heli karaan daabacado. Sawirrada^{(Photographs)} warqadda ku qorani waxay aad u yaqaannaan kombuyuutarkii da'da weynaa iyo ogaanshaha in sawirrada dhijitaalka ah si fudud loo daabici karo waa caawimo weyn. Waxaan la yaabay in aysan jirin wax si dhab ah loogu xusay muusiga dhijitaalka ah, gaar ahaan maadaama Windows Media Player uu yahay mid aad u fudud in la isticmaalo. Way fiicnaan lahayd in akhristaha la tuso sida loo geliyo CD-ga muusiga iyo waxa dhacaya marka CD-ga la ogaado, iyadoo la xusuusan yahay in qofku uu gadaal ka ciyaari karo muusigga Windows Media Player.adigoo samaynaya waxyaabo kale.

Cutub kastaa wuxuu ku dhamaanayaa soo koobid, iyo kedis gaaban si ay dadku dib ugu eegaan waxay barteen. Mar haddii wax walba si cad loo sharraxay, waxaan ka shakisanahay in qof kastaa uu dhibaato kala kulmi doono helidda buundada saxda ah ee imtixaannada cutubyada dhammaadka ah. Iyadoo xoogga la saarayo Windows 7 iyo qaybaha uu ka kooban yahay, qoraagu wuxuu ka hadlayaa helitaanka software-ka ilo kale, wuxuuna diiradda saarayaa barnaamijyada aan qaali ahayn ama bilaashka ah. Tani waxay aad u caawinaysaa qofka cusub ee kombayutarka isticmaala kaas oo laga yaabo inuu hadda u soo bandhigay wax u eg lacag badan oo loogu talagalay kombuyuutarkan cusub ee la soo rogay oo si la fahmi karo u diidan inuu lacag kale ku bixiyo wax kale isla markaaba.

Maxaan samayn lahaa si ka duwan?

Run ahaantii, wax badan ma beddeli doono. In kasta oo aan kumbiyuutarrada isticmaalayay muddo tobanaan sano ah, haddana waan ka helay buuggan iyo hab-saaxiibtinimo oo aan macno lahayn. Laakiin waxaan qabaa inay ahayd in cutub ama laba u gaar ah oo amniga laga hadlayo. Nabadgelyada^(Security) waxaa lagu sheegay cutubka wax iibsiga (marka la eego ilaalinta macluumaadkaaga onlaynka) iyo qaybta "imaylka sare" (marka la eego malware iyo spam). Tan iyo xitaa dadka isticmaala kombuyuutarrada "ka yar iyo kuwa caqliga leh" ayaa lagu khiyaaneeyey popups, emails been abuur ah, fayrasyada iyo nasties online kale, waxaan u maleynayaa in marka laga reebo cutubka ku xusan, waxyaalahan waa inay lahaadaan cutub iyaga u gaar ah.

Xukun

Buugani waa shay runtii ay tahay inaad u soo iibsatid ayeeyo, ama awoowe, ama qof kasta oo kale oo ah sannado qaan-gaar ah oo diyaar u ah inuu barto. Habkani waa mid wax ku ool ah oo aan hoos ula hadlin akhristaha ama uma maleynayo in "qof walba horeyba u yaqaan" xirfadaha aasaasiga ah ee kombiyuutarka. Qoraagu waa "mid naga mid ah" oo si sax ah u yaqaan waxa dadku ka cabsanayaan, iyo habka ugu wanaagsan ee barashada wax cusub. Dhab ahaantii waan u iibsan lahaa hooyaday.

Book Review - Computing with Windows 7 for the Older and Wiser

A lot of the people I went tо school with, hаve grandchildren (I myself am far too youthful for that, of cоurѕe). And as I browse throυgh technology-oriented blogs and websites, I have noticed that a lot of them use "grandma" as shorthand for "technologically hopeless and clueless." What does thаt have to do with anything? This week's book is Computing with Windows 7 for the Older and Wiser. Given the perception of older people as hopeless and clueless, does this book make sense? No matter how old you are, read on.

Speaking from Experience

The author of the book, Adrian Arnold, lets us know right up front that he's one of the "older and wiser" group this book was written for. He's been teaching older people to use computers for many years and has a cheerful, down-to-earth writing style that doesn't talk down to anyone. He's British, and uses British spelling and expressions, so people who are accustomed to American language might have to adjust a bit, but to my mind that just makes it all the more interesting. Sometimes people think they can't understand a new concept because it's something completely unfamiliar. But most of the time, all that's really needed is for someone to explain it in terms that make sense. People who are now aged 40 and above didn't grow up with computers in their homes as younger people did, so the skills necessary for using a computer didn't come to them as children. People who may not have even had a television in the house as children won't necessarily see a computer as a useful tool, but rather as something complex and scary. This book was written to overcome those fears.

Each chapter is short and to the point. The author assumes the reader knows nothing about the subject and starts right in with an explanation of how everything works. I especially liked the fact that he knows that older people may be afraid of breaking something or messing something up beyond all hope of recovery, and begins by asking people to deliberately do a few things (like pressing down on the keyboard hard with both hands) to reassure them that nothing bad will happen as a result. He also addresses the fear of looking stupid (which, of course, knows no age boundaries) and other things that might concern an older person using a computer for the very first time. Then he explains what to look for in a home computer, and why some things would be good to have, and points out the real advantages of learning basic computer skills. All of this is done with good humor and with a personal understanding of people's concerns. He then goes into the basics of Windows 7 and talks about how the operating system works, in language that makes him sound like he's sitting right there in the room. He also recommends finding a "guardian angel," someone with more skills who'll be willing do to a bit of explaining or hand-holding when necessary, which is excellent advice for any novice computer user.

Practical Skills are Primary

The book begins with the basics—how to turn on the computer and what happens while it's starting. Then there's a simple explanation of the desktop (and why it's called that) and what people will see when Windows 7 finishes loading. Since PCs come with Windows 7 these days, this is what a new computer user will find, and that's the author's starting point for explaining how things work. I would like to make a clarification here: this book is not necessarily about teaching people how to fully use Windows 7. This book is about teaching people computing, using Windows 7 as the main operating system. Therefore, you won't get full knowledge of everything Windows 7 has to offer, but only of the important stuff you need to know. The author explains the keyboard by comparing it to a typewriter keyboard, which older people will find familiar, and points out which keys are different from what they might be used to. Since using a mouse may be a completely new skill, there's a simple explanation of what it is and how it works, and some suggestions for practicing using it by playing Solitaire (which I thought was an excellent idea). Windows 7 itself is explained in clear and simple terms. Each part of a window is described, with illustrations. The author explains what programs are, and the basics of libraries, folders, and files (comparing those to their real-world counterparts to make the concept easy to understand). Then there's a section that talks about personalizing the desktop and using gadgets, with examples that would be appealing to most people of any age. There's a good explanation of things like the Start Menu, the taskbar, and Windows 7's special visual features like Aero Peek, Aero Snap and Aero Shake. The author explains how each works, and offers some helpful advice on what to do to put everything back the way it was if the changes don't appeal.

Keeping Things Simple and Relevant

Instead of delving deeply into technological topics, this book talks about the practical things that older people will want to do with a computer--write, read, send and receive emails, search for things on the Internet, shop, make travel arrangements and organize photographs. There's also a good clear explanation of installing software, both from a disk and from a download. It's an excellent approach. I know my mother hated computers till she was in her 70s—and then someone gave her a computer and showed her how to send and receive email and read her favorite newspaper's web site. From then on, she was a computer enthusiast. So, finding out that all these practical things can be quite easy once one's gotten over the initial fears is the key to success, and this book really delivers.

The book walks the reader through creating a document with WordPad, a simple lesson in the basics of word processing. Beginning with how to use the search box in the Start Menu, the author suggests that the reader just play around with the keyboard and mouse to begin with, to feel more at ease with what happens, and explains the cursor and the mouse pointer and how they work. This exercise lets the newcomer ease into using Windows 7. There's also a good chapter on how to get help, which would be useful for anyone. I was surprised to see a section on using the Task Manager in this chapter, which I thought would be considered a more advanced topic—but the reader can't go wrong following the clear instructions here.

So What is this "Internet" Thing?

The section on the Internet includes instructions for choosing a service provider and setting up an email account, and an explanation of dial-up and broadband. This is entirely geared toward the British reader, but people in other countries can use the instructions to find appropriate services in their own homes. The Internet-skills section includes instructions for using online maps, search engines, encyclopedias, and YouTube. Again, the emphasis is on web sites that provide practical information and which are easy to use and navigate. And the section on online shopping is excellent, helping people not only find shopping sites but overcome the natural fear of giving out one's credit card information to a web site. There's a well-illustrated section that explains eBay and PayPal as well.

Pictures, but not Music?

The section on digital photography includes instructions for using Picasa as an organizer, and some simple instructions on how to improve one's photos (by cropping, changing colors and so forth). It also mentions sites where people can upload digital photos and get prints. Photographs on paper would be more familiar to the older computer user and knowing that digital photos can be printed out quite easily is a big help. I was surprised that there was no real mention of digital music, especially since Windows Media Player is so simple to use. It would have been helpful to show the reader how to insert a music CD and what happens when a CD is detected, with a note that one can play music in the background with Windows Media Player while doing other things.

Each chapter ends with a summary, and a short quiz so people can review what they've learned. Since everything is explained so clearly, I doubt anyone will have any trouble getting a perfect score on those end-of chapter tests. While the emphasis is on Windows 7 and its component parts, the author does talk about getting software from other sources, and focuses on programs that are inexpensive or free. This is very helpful for the novice computer user who may have just laid out what seems like a lot of money for this newfangled computer-thing and who is understandably reluctant to spend any more money on anything else right away.

What I'd Do Differently?

Quite honestly, I wouldn't change much. Even though I've been using computers for decades, I liked this book and its no-nonsense, friendly approach. But I do think there should have been a separate chapter or two on security. Security is mentioned in the shopping chapter (in terms of keeping your information safe online) and in the "advanced email" section (in terms of malware and spam). Since even the "younger and wiser" computer users have been fooled by popups, fake emails, viruses and other online nasties, I think that besides the in-chapter mentions, these things should have had a chapter all their own.

Verdict

This book is something you really should buy for grandma, or grandpa, or anyone else who is of mature years and willing to learn. The approach is practical and doesn't talk down to the reader or assume that "everybody already knows" basic computer skills. The author is "one of us" and knows exactly what people might fear, and the best approach for learning something new. I definitely would have bought it for my mother.

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