Sannado ka hor, markii aan kombuyuutarrada ku hagaajiyay dukaanka elektaroonigga ah, waxaan ka jeclaan lahaa in la ii arko nooc ka mid ah saaxiriinta. Dadka kale ma aysan garaneyn inta ay le'eg tahay inta fudud ee dayactirka kombuyuutarku noqon karo, taas oo aad iigu mashquulisay dukaanka dayactirka. Iyo wixii aan ku arkay safarkayga internetka^(Internet) tan iyo markaas, dadku wali way ka digtoon yihiin inay isku dayaan inay hagaajiyaan dhibaatooyinka kombiyuutarka laftooda. Tani waa sababta aan u soo qaatay Cilad-bixinta & Ilaalinta PC-gaaga All-In-One ee Dummies^{(Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All-In-One for Dummies)} oo aad u xiiso badan. Buugani miyuu noqon karaa kan u ogolaanaya in ay "bisad" ka soo saarto bacda?

Hagaajinta waxyaabaha "lix siyaabood oo Axadda^(Sunday) ah "

Buugani waxa uu ballan qaaday in uu noqon doono "lix buug oo mid ah." "Lix buug" (dhab ahaantii, lix qaybood oo ka mid ah hal buug oo waaweyn) waa Hardware, Software, Laptops, Internet, Networking, and Maintenance . Mid kastaa wuxuu ku bilaabmaa dulmar ku saabsan dhibaatooyinka ugu caansan, ka dibna wuxuu si faahfaahsan u qeexayaa dhib kasta oo wuxuu bixiyaa tilmaamo lagu ogaanayo waxa dhabta ah ee khaldan. Buuggu markaa akhristuhu wuxuu dhex maraa xalka, inta badanna wuxuu ka dhigayaa habka mid fudud oo ku filan oo dadka badankiisu ka cabsanayaan inay isku dayaan. Sida dhammaan buugaagta Dummies , codku waa qalbi fudud. Qoraa Dan Gookinwuxuu qoray buugaag badan oo taxane ah, wuxuuna helay dheelitirka kaftanka ilaa xog dhab ah. Iyo, maadaama ay jiraan macluumaad badan oo halis ah oo lagu daboolayo buuggan, taasi runtii waxay caawisaa inay u fududayso akhristaha habka. In aad ka gudubto cabsida laga qabo in wax ka sii xumaato sidii ay horeba u ahayd ayaa ah tallaabada ugu muhiimsan ee aad ku hagaajinayso kombayutarkaada, iyo in aad tilmaamo cad ku hor dhigto waxa ay wax badan ka taraysaa in qofka cusub ee kombayutarka ah uu kalsooni siiyo.

Dhibaatooyinka ugu badan, xalalka ugu badan

Sida laga yaabo in la filan karo, cutubyada Hardware iyo Software waa kuwa ugu weyn buugga. Cutub kastaa wuxuu leeyahay qaybo-hoosaadyo loogu talagalay dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah, waxayna ku bilaabataa dulmar ku saabsan waxa dhici doona iyo waxa khaldami kara. Qaybta Hardware - ku waxa ay ka bilaabataa cutub la yidhaa “Let There Be PC” oo u qaybsan qaybo si degdeg ah u dulmaraya dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah. Qayb kasta oo ka mid ah qaybahan waxay leedahay cutubyo cinwaankoodu yahay "Maxaa dhacaya"^{("What happens")} iyo "Maxaa khaldami kara." ^{("What can go wrong.")}Cutubyadan hordhaca ah waxay tilmaamayaan akhristaha macluumaad faahfaahsan oo dambe oo buugga ah. Tani waa kheyraad aad waxtar u leh waxayna ka dhigaysaa xal u helidda mid aad u fudud. MarkaaCilad-bixinta & Ilaalinta PC-gaaga Dhammaan-In-Mid ee Dummies-ka^{(Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All-In-One for Dummies)}Wuxuu si macquul ah ugu socdaa sababta uusan kumbuyuutarkaagu u shidi doonin, oo uu akhriyaha ugu dhex marayo hagaajin aan fiicneyn (sida hubinta in xadhkaha korantada uu ku xiran yahay, taas oo ah wax ku dhow qof kasta, iyada oo aan loo eegin sida uu khibrad u leeyahay, uu la kulmay ugu yaraan. mar). Kadibna waxay si tartiib tartiib ah ugu shaqeysaa arrimaha nidaamka hawlgalka, arrimaha xiritaanka, arrimaha kaydinta, arrimaha fiidiyowga iyo dhibaatooyinka badan ee uu qofku ku yeelan karo meelaha durugsan. Ma aha ilaa bogga 145 in buuggu soo jeedinayo in laga yaabo inay tahay waqtigii la furi lahaa kiis kombuyuutar, taasoo u oggolaanaysa akhristaha inuu dhiso xoogaa kalsooni ah taas oo ku socota jidka. Marka arrinta "Oh gosh, waa in aan furo kiiska" arrinta la xalliyo, hagaajinta dhibaatooyinka fiilooyinka dabacsan, kulaylka kororka iyo sahayda korontada ayaa u muuqata mid fudud. Buuggu waxa kale oo uu sharxayaa sida loogu daro xusuusta badan, kaarar badan, iyo kaydin badan,

Waayo-aragnimadayda dayactirka kombiyuutarka, dhibaatooyinka software waxay u muuqdaan inay dadka kaxeeyaan marar badan marka loo eego dhibaatooyinka qalabka, iyo sabab wanaagsan. In kasta oo ay jiraan dhammaan dadaallada ugu wanaagsan ee Microsoft , Windows had iyo jeer uma dhaqmo sida badideenna u malaynayo inay habboon tahay, barnaamijyada Microsoft^(Microsoft) -na waxay u muuqdaan inay jecel yihiin farriimaha khaldan ee aad u qarsoodi ah si ay u fahmaan ama aan kuu sheegin waxa dhabta ah . Qaybta Software -ku waxay si taxadir leh, macquul ah, tallaabo-tallaabo u qaadaa dhib kasta oo caadi ah, taas oo ah habka ugu fiican ee wax loo maro. Waxay ku socotaa isticmaalaha iyada oo loo marayo jargon kumbuyuutarka sida barnaamijyada, hababka, iyo adeegyada, ayaa sharraxaysa Habka Badbaadada ah^{(Safe Mode)}iyo sida loo isticmaalo, ka dibna si fiican u qabanaya shaqo fiican oo muujinaya akhristaha sida loo noqdo cilad-bixiye hufan. Waxay la macaamilaysaa xisaabaadka isticmaalaha iyo Koontooyinka Isticmaalaha^{(User Account Control)} , ilaha nidaamka iyo soo kabashada xogta, ka dibna waxay la macaamilaysaa Diiwaanka^(Registry) . Waxaan u arkay wax la yaab leh in dhowr bog oo tilmaamo ah oo ku saabsan tafatirka Diiwaanka^(Registry) ay ku dhammaatay digniin culus oo ah inaan lagu khaldin. Taasi waa digniin aad u fiican, laakiin maxaad dadka ugu sheegtaa sida loola khaldamo Diiwaanka^(Registry) (xitaa iyadoo la raacayo tilmaamo lagu taageerayo marka hore) ka dibna tiraahdo Ha Samayn^{(Don't Do It)} ? In kasta oo qaybta Software- ka ay la tacaalayso noocyada kale ee Windows , haddana waxa diiradda u saaran Windows 7, oo run ahaantii, waxaan filayaa in qaybtan oo keliya ay u qalanto qiimaha buugga.

In aad ka fikirto in yar, in aad ka fikirto

Qaybta Laabtoobyada^(Laptops) waxa loo habeeyey si la mid ah sidii qaybihii hore, oo ka bilaabma arrimaha tamarta iyo bilawga ee ay wadaagaan laptops-yada. Waxay ka hadlaysaa kulayl-ku-kororka iyo dhibaatooyinka keeni kara, waxayna xustay aaladaha qaboojinta ee laga yaabo inay waxtar leeyihiin. Waxaa jira qayb ka mid ah Xarunta Dhaqdhaqaaqa Daaqadaha^{(Windows Mobility Center)} , taas oo ah wax aanan ogeyn inay jiraan ilaa aan akhriyo buugga, laakiin si joogto ah u hubin doona hadda wixii ka dambeeya.

Waxaa jira talo ku saabsan iibsashada boorsada Laptop-ka, iyo taxaddarro macquul ah oo la sameeyo marka aad safrayso, iyo qayb gaaban oo ku saabsan dayactirka laptop-ka, taas oo inta badan macnaheedu yahay nadiifinta alaabta iyada oo aan waxyeello loo geysan. In kasta oo ay ka hadlayso iibsashada xusuusta badan iyo darawallada waaweyn ee adag, haddana si faahfaahsan uma tagno sida waxyaalahan loo rakibay. Waxaan qabaa inay ahayd in la helo sharraxaad guud oo ku saabsan sida casriyeynta qalabkan loo sameeyo, ama waa inay jirtay digniin ah in waxyaalahan looga tago farsamo yaqaan khibrad leh. Qaar ka mid ah soosaarayaasha ayaa ka dhigaya xusuusta iyo beddelka wadista adag si ka fudud kuwa kale, isticmaalayaasha laptop-yada waa inay ogaadaan tan.

Dhibta mareegaha iyo wixii ka dambeeya

Qaybta intarneetka^(Internet) waa mid gaaban, laakiin waxaa ka buuxa talooyin waxtar leh. Waxaan si gaar ah u jeclaa qaybta modem-ka balaadhka ah. Dhibaatooyin badan oo ku saabsan isku xirka internetka^{(Internet-connection)} ayaa lagu xallin karaa xoogaa aqoon ah oo ku saabsan modem-ka, qaybtan waxay badbaadin kartaa waqti badan iyo niyad jab isku day inaad u gudubto xarunta wicitaanka ee ISP . Dad badan ayaa u qaadan lahaa inay tani u qalanto kharashka buugga. Waxa kale oo jirta qayb dheer oo wanaagsan oo sharxaysa mashaakilaadka caadiga ah ee xidhiidhada garaaca, tani sidoo kale aad bay u mudan tahay in la akhriyo. Waxaan sidoo kale jeclaystay sharraxaadaha sida ping-ga, wax kale oo kaa dhigi kara hal tallaabo ka hor xarunta wicitaanka ISP . Waxaa jira sharraxaad cad oo wanaagsan oo ku saabsan guud ahaan martida loo yahay arrimaha browserka caadiga ah, laakiin nasiib daro kuwani waa ku xaddidan yihiinInternet Explorer , iyada oo aan wax calaamad ah lahayn in farsamooyinka guud ee isku midka ah ay sidoo kale ka shaqeyn doonaan daalacashada kale. Iyadoo caannimada sii kordheysa ee Firefox iyo Chrome , waxaan u maleeyay in labadaas ay mudan yihiin ugu yaraan in la xuso. Ugu yaraan qaybta emaylka waxaa lagu hayaa si cadaalad ah oo guud, taas oo aan u maleeyay inay tahay wax lagu daray. Waxaa jira qayb wanaagsan oo sharxaysa malware-ka iyo sida ay u badan tahay in qofku u helo, iyo talo adag oo wanaagsan oo ku saabsan waxa la sameeyo haddii aad isku aragto naftaada dhibaato. Mar labaad^(Again) , in kastoo , tilmaamaha ka fogaanshiyaha phishing-ka waa in laga sheego wax ka badan Internet Explorer . Qaybta difaaca Windows^{(Windows Defender)} waxaa ugu horayn loogu talagalay isticmaalayaasha Windows 7 , in kasta oo qoraagu bixiyo URLloogu talagalay dadka isticmaalaya Windows Vista iyo Windows XP si ay u helaan noocyadooda software-ka oo ka xor ah Microsoft . Waxa kale oo jira qayb u go'an in loo isticmaalo Windows Explorer gelitaanka ftp, laakiin si daacad ah, markii aan isku dayay taas waagii hore, waxaan jeclaan lahaa in qoraagu uu xusay dhowr ka mid ah macaamiisha ftp ee bilaashka ah, kuwaas oo intooda badan ay fududahay in la isticmaalo. Qaybta Shabakadda^(Networking) waxaa loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha Windows 7 sidoo kale, laakiin waxaa jira tilmaamo cad oo loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha Windows Vista iyo Windows XP . Cilad-bixinta & Ilaalinta PC-gaaga Dhammaan-In-Mid ee Dummies-ka^{(Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All-In-One for Dummies)}waxa uu si weyn u faahfaahiyay dhammaan dhibaatooyinka laga yaabo in uu qofku ka haysto isku xidhka iyo ilaalinta shabakada guriga, waana in uu ahaado mid wakhti badbaadiya iyo agabka ku xeeran si ay arrimuhu si habsami leh ugu socdaan.

Dayactirka iyo qaar kale

Qaybta Dayactirka^{(Maintenance)} waxa ay aad ugu badan tahay tafaasiil badan oo ku saabsan samaynta kaabaynta iyo soo celinta iyaga, taas oo loo baahan yahay in la akhriyo. Waxaan sidoo kale jeclaaday qaybta ka hadlaysa nadiifinta dariiqaaga adag iyo ka saarida doofaarka bannaan ee aan u baahnayn inay halkaas sii joogaan. (Waxaan ku bilaabay 32 meg, haa, meg, hard drive, marka wali waxaan dhammaan taageersanahay in meesha laga saaro tiro badan oo qashinka ah.) Waxaan la yaabay inaan helo qayb ku saabsan defragmentation disk. Maalmahan^(Nowadays) , khubaradu si aad ah uma hubo in darawaladu u baahan yihiin jajabin, gaar ahaan maadaama noocyada cusub ee Windows ay si toos ah u daryeelaan taas, laakiin macluumaadka ayaa aad waxtar u leh dadka isticmaala noocyadii hore ee Windows .ama Hard Disk-yadii hore. Waxaan aad ugu maaday inaan ka helo qayb ku saabsan nadiifinta kombuyuutarkaaga oo ku taal qaybta Dayactirka^{(Maintenance)} , laakiin taasi waxay la socotaa tilmaamaha sida loo nadiifiyo ee qaybta Laptop - ka, waxayna ku siin kartaa dhiirigelin la tacaalida kiiboodhka qashinka ah, shaashadaha faraha lagu calaamadeeyay iyo siigada - kiisaska la buuxiyey.

Jeceshahay iyo kuwa aan jeclayn

Waxaan filayaa inay iska caddahay inaan jeclaaday buuggan. Dhab ahaantii, qorista dib u eegista waxay qaadatay waqti ka badan sidii caadiga ahayd sababtoo ah waxaan sii waday inaan ku dhejiyo Calamada Post-It boggaga aan rabay inaan ku soo noqdo oo aan codsado kombuyuutarradayda. Habka qalbi-fudud ee qoraagu waxa uu ka dhigayaa la macaamilka xog badan oo aad u daran mid farxad leh intii la heli karo. Wax walba^(Everything) si faahfaahsan ayaa loo daboolay iyo qaab siin kara akhristaha kalsooni uu ku sii wado. Ma jirin wax badan oo aan la jeclayn, runtii. Waxaan xusay dhibaatada ah in dadka loo sheego sida loo khalkhalgeliyo Diiwaanka^(Registry) ka dibna uga digayo inay sameeyaan, iyo xaqiiqda ah in barnaamijyada aan Microsoft ahayn gebi ahaanba la xiray. Iyadoo ay hubaal tahay inaanay suurtogal ahayn in la baadho software kale si la mid ah kanBixinta Microsoft^(Microsoft) , waxaan u malaynayaa inay ahayd in la xuso doorarka qaar, oo leh URLs si loo helo.

Xukun

Ma aha in aan doonayo in aan ka saaro saaxiibadeyda kombuyuutarrada dib-u-habaynta dadka, waad fahantay, laakiin runtii waxaan filayaa in qof kasta oo kumbuyuutarka isticmaala uu ka badan yahay si aan caadi ahayn, oo aan lahayn xannibaadyo shaqo oo la xidhiidha waxa uu samayn karo, wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu helo. buugan. Xitaa haddii aad go'aansato inaadan ku dhex milmin kumbuyuutarkaaga, ogaanshaha waxa ay u badan tahay inay sababi karto dhibaatada waxay badbaadin kartaa waqti badan marka ay timaado inaad weydiiso xirfadle inuu hagaajiyo. Oo haddii aad go'aansato inaad adigu shaqada qabato, si fiican, ugu dhakhsaha badan waxaad ogaan doontaa waxa badan oo ka mid ah hagaajinta kombuyuutarrada ay barteen waqti hore - walaxdani waa sahlan tahay. Runtii. Waxa kaliya ee aad u baahan tahay waa tilmaamaha.

Book Review - Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All-In-One for Dummies

Years ago, when I fixed computers at an electronics store, I rather enjoyed bеing viewed as some kind оf magician. Other people dіdn't know just how easу many computer repairs can be, which kept me very busу in the repair shоp. And from what I've seen in my Internet travels since then, people are still wary of tryіng tо fix cоmputer problems themsеlves. This is whу I picked up Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All-In-One for Dummies with great interest. Could this book be the one that let the simple-computer-repair "cat" out of the bag?

Fixing things "six ways from Sunday"

This book promises to be "six books in one." The "six books" (actually, six sections of one rather large book) are Hardware, Software, Laptops, Internet, Networking, and Maintenance. Each begins with an overview of the most common problems, and then describes each problem in detail and gives instructions for finding out what's actually wrong. The book then walks the reader through the solution, and in most cases makes the process sound easy enough that most people won't be afraid to give it a try. As with all Dummies books, the tone is lighthearted. Author Dan Gookin has written a lot of the books in the series, and he's got the balance of humor to serious information down pat. And, since there is a lot of serious information to be covered in this book, that really helps to ease the reader into the process. Overcoming the fear of messing something up worse than it already is is the most important step in doing your own computer repairs, and having clear instructions in front of you goes a long way toward giving the new computer repair person confidence.

The most problems, the most solutions

As one might expect, the Hardware and Software chapters are the biggest in the book. Each chapter has subsections for common problems, and starts off with an overview of what's supposed to happen and what could go wrong. The Hardware section starts out with a chapter called "Let There Be PC" that is divided into sections that give a quick overview of common problems. Each of these sections has chapters titled "What happens" and "What can go wrong." These introductory chapters point the reader to more detailed information later in the book. This is a very helpful resource and it makes finding the solutions very easy. Then Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All-In-One for Dummies moves on quite logically to why your computer won't turn on, and walks the reader through possible non-invasive fixes (like making sure the power cord is plugged in, which is something nearly everyone, no matter how experienced, has encountered at least once). Then it works its way gradually into operating system issues, shutdown issues, storage issues, video issues and the many problems one can have with peripherals. It's not till page 145 that the book suggests that it might be time to open up the computer case, allowing the reader to build up some confidence for that along the way. Once the "Oh my gosh, I have to open up the case" issue is dealt with, fixing problems with loose cables, heat buildup and the power supply seems pretty simple. The book also explains how to add more memory, more cards, and more storage, all of which are simple tasks that can appear scary to the newcomer.

In my experience with computer repair, software problems seem to drive people crazy more often than hardware problems, and for good reason. Despite all of Microsoft's best efforts, Windows doesn't always behave the way most of us think it should, and Microsoft's programmers seem to love error messages that are either too cryptic to understand or don't tell you what's really wrong. The Software section takes a careful, reasonable, step by step approach to each common problem, which is absolutely the best way to think things through. It walks the user through computer jargon like programs, processes, and services, explains Safe Mode and how to use it, and then does a good thorough job of showing the reader how to be an efficient troubleshooter. It deals with user accounts and User Account Control, system resources and data recovery, and then deals with the Registry. I found it rather odd that several pages of instructions on editing the Registry ended with a stern warning not to mess with it. That's an excellent warning, but why tell people how to mess around with the Registry (even with instructions to back it up first) and then say Don't Do It? Although the Software section does deal with other versions of Windows, its primary focus is on Windows 7, and quite frankly, I think this section alone is worth the price of the book.

Thinking smaller, thinking bigger

The section on Laptops is arranged in the same order as the previous sections, beginning with power and startup issues common to laptops. It talks about heat buildup and the problems that can cause, and mentions cooling devices that may be useful. There's a section on the Windows Mobility Center, which is something I didn't know existed till I read the book, but will be checking regularly from now on.

There's advice on buying a laptop bag, and sensible precautions to take when you travel, and a short section on laptop maintenance, which in this case mostly means cleaning things off without causing damage. While it talks about buying more memory and larger hard drives, it doesn't go into detail about how these things are installed. I think either there should have been a generic explanation of how these hardware updates are done, or there should have been a warning to leave these things to an experienced technician. Some manufacturers make memory and hard drive replacement a lot easier than others, and laptop users should be aware of this.

Web woes and beyond

The Internet section is fairly short, but packed with useful advice. I especially liked the section on broadband modems. A lot of Internet-connection problems can be solved with a bit of knowledge about modems, and this section could save plenty of time and frustration trying to get through to your ISP's call center. Many people would consider this worth the cost of the book. There's also a good long section describing common problems with dial-up connections, and this also is well worth reading. I also liked the descriptions of how to ping, something else that can put you one step ahead of the ISP call center. There are nice clear descriptions of a whole host of common browser issues, but unfortunately those are limited to Internet Explorer, without any indication of whether the same general techniques will work on other browsers as well. With the increasing popularity of Firefox and Chrome, I thought those two deserved at least a mention. At least the section on email is kept fairly generic, which I thought was a plus. There's a good section explaining malware and how one's most likely to get it, and good solid advice on what to do should you find yourself in trouble. Again, though, the instructions for avoiding phishing should have mentioned more than Internet Explorer. The section on Windows Defender is aimed primarily at Windows 7 users, although the author provides a URL for people using Windows Vista and Windows XP to locate their versions of the software free from Microsoft. There's also a section devoted to using Windows Explorer for ftp access, but honestly, having tried that in the past, I wish the author had mentioned a few of the great free ftp clients out there, most of which are easier to use. The Networking section is aimed primarily at Windows 7 users as well, but there are clear instructions for Windows Vista and Windows XP users. Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All-In-One for Dummies goes into great detail about all the problems one might have in connecting and maintaining a home network, and should be a major time-saver and all-around resource for keeping things running smoothly.

Maintenance and more

The Maintenance section goes into a wealth of detail about making backups and restoring from them, which should be required reading. I also liked the section that deals with cleaning up your hard drive and removing space hogs that don't need to stay there. (I started out with a 32 meg, yes, meg, hard drive, so I'm still all in favor of removing mass quantities of junk.) I was somewhat surprised to find a section on disk defragmentation. Nowadays, experts are not so certain that drives need defragmenting, especially since the newest versions of Windows take care of that automatically, but the information could be very useful for people who are using older versions of Windows or older hard disks. I was amused to find a section on cleaning your computer in the Maintenance section, but that goes along with the how-to-clean instructions in the Laptop section, and could provide an incentive for dealing with scummy keyboards, fingerprint-marked screens and dust-filled cases.

Likes and dislikes

I think it's obvious that I liked this book. In fact, writing the review took longer than usual because I kept stopping to put Post-It flags on the pages I wanted to come back to and apply to my own computers. The author's light-hearted approach makes dealing with a wealth of very serious information as pleasant as can be. Everything is covered in detail and in a way that can give the reader confidence to carry on. There wasn't much not to like, actually. I mentioned the problem with telling people how to mess with the Registry and then warning them not to do it, and the fact that non-Microsoft programs were completely shut out. While it certainly would not have been feasible to explore other software in the same detail as the Microsoft offerings, I do think some alternatives should have been mentioned, with URLs to find them.

Verdict

Not that I want to put my fellow computer repair people out of business, you understand, but I really think everyone who uses a computer more than just casually, and who doesn't have work related restrictions on what they can do, needs to get this book. Even if you decide not to fiddle around with your computer, knowing what is likely to be causing the problem can save a lot of time when it comes to asking a professional to fix it. And if you do decide to do the work yourself, well, pretty soon you'll discover what a lot of computer repair people learned long ago—this stuff is easy. Really. All you need is the directions.

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