Waxaa jira kaftan hore oo u socda: Sideed u cuntaa maroodiga? Marba hal qaniinyo^{(One bite at a time)} . Dad badan, samaynta shabakad guri runtii waa maroodiga qolka. Ma ahan meel u dhow sidii ay ahaan jirtay mid adag, markii ay ahayd inaad iibsato software iyo qalab dheeri ah oo aad barato amarro badan oo cusub ka hor intaadan isku dayin gabi ahaanba, laakiin wali waa dhib kugu filan in dad badan ay u baahan yihiin in lagu hago hal mar ka baaraandegto "qaniinyada". Maxaase maalmahan qof kasta oo kombiyuuter haysta uu samayn karaa shabakad la'aan?

Talaabo Talaabo: Fikradda

Waxaan weligey taageere u ahaa buugaag si wanaagsan loo qoray oo aan u qaadan in akhristuhu uu wax badan ka yaqaan mawduuca gacanta ku haya, oo aan u qaadan in wax aan macquul ahayn ay tahay in la sharaxo. Maadaama buug-gacmeedka software-ka daabacan ee dhammaystiran uu yahay wax la soo dhaafay, Microsoft Press waxay buuxisay farqiga iyadoo daabacday buugag Talaabo Talaabo ^(Step)ah^(Step) oo taxane ah oo u adeega sida dhalaalaya, sawir-qaadeyaal aad u fiican oo ku dhawaad ​​​​wax kasta oo isticmaalayaasha Windows u baahan yihiin inay ogaadaan wax kasta ku lug leh isticmaalka Windows . Talaabada Talaabo: Isku xidh Kombiyuutarkaaga & Qalabkaaga^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)}raacaya wadadii ay mareen kuwii ka horeeyay. Waxay u malaynaysaa in akhristuhu fahmayo aasaaska xisaabinta oo uu u dejiyay Windows 7 mar hore - laakiin haddii kale, waxay siisaa ilo waxtar u leh dadka aan weli sidaas gaarin, isla markaaba fiidmeerta. Sida tilmaanta kale ee Talaabada Tallaabo ^(Step),^(Step) waxa kale oo jira daabacaad online ah oo buug ah. Tani waa lacag la'aan waana mid mudan in la hubiyo. Iyo, sida Talaabada kale ^(Step)ee^(Step) Talaabadahagayaasha, buuggu waxa loo akhriyi karaa hab kasta, maadaama cutubyadu ay yihiin kuwo iskood isu-saaran. Tan waxaan u arkaa mid ka mid ah sifooyinka ugu faa'iidada badan ee buugaagta taxanahan, sababtoo ah habka aan uga soo baxo kuwa fudud ilaa kakanaanta mar walba kuma xidhna tillaabooyinka buugaagta. Waxaan uga hadli doonaa buugga sida qoran, oo waxaan si kooban u sharxi doonaa sida aan u habayn lahaa dhamaadka.

Talaabada Talaabada: Shabakadda Kumbuyuutarkaaga & Qalabkaagu^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} waxay qaadaan hal talaabo hal mar iyada oo loo marayo rakibidda hardware, habaynta, dejinta akoonnada isticmaalaha, abuurista shabakad, isku xirka shabakada, wadaagida faylasha iyo qalabka, warbaahinta, wadaagida hababka kale ee hawlgalka. , iyo amniga. Tallaabo kasta si fiican ayaa loo sharraxay, iyadoo la raacayo tusaalayaal adduunka dhabta ah. Tallaabo kasta sidoo kale si cad ayaa loo sharraxay, si akhristuhu u arki karo waxa ka soo bixi doona shaashadda. Waxaan si gaar ah u jeclahay habkan. Had iyo jeer way wanaagsan tahay inaad ogaato waxaad la macaamili doonto.

Wax ka qabashada qalabkaaga

Cutubka qalabku wuxuu ku bilaabmaa si sax ah isagoo ku nuuxnuuxsaday in darawalada ku habboon aaladaha oo dhan ay gabi ahaanba lama huraan yihiin. Waxay markaa sii socotaa si ay u sharaxdo Marxaladda Qalabka^{(Device Stage)} si faahfaahsan. Waxaan ahay qof ku cusub Windows 7 , wax fikrad ahna kama helin inay jiraan wax la mid ah Marxaladda Qalabka^{(Device Stage)} . Looma baahna in la sheego, waxaan u arkay qaybtan mid aad u barasho - gaar ahaan qoraalka ah in aan lagu magacaabin Marxaladda Qalabka^{(Device Stage)} ee shaashadda Windows 7 oo aad dhab ahaantii riixdo qalabka^(Devices) iyo daabacayaasha^(Printers) gaaban ee Start Menu si aad u hesho. Marxaladda Qalabka^{(Device Stage)}waxay ku tusinaysaa dhamaan agagaarahaaga dibadeed, oo wata dhamaan xulashooyinka qaabaynta ee diyaarsan. Waa sifo faa'iido badan leh oo xitaa maan arag iyada oo lagu sheegay buug Windows 7 ka hor. Dejinta router waa nidaam cadaalad ah oo adag, aad ayayna u fududahay in la sameeyo haddii aad ku bilowdo fahamka aasaasiga ah ee waxa aad sameyneyso. Talaabada Talaabada: Shabakadda Kumbuyuutarkaaga & Qalabku^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} waxay ku bilaabmaan sharaxaad guud oo ku saabsan habaynta router, oo ay ku jirto talada waxtarka leh ee aad kala hadasho ISP-gaaga si aad u hubiso inaad haysato goobaha ay u baahan yihiin, ka dibna u adeegsada dejinta Belkin N+ iyo D- Isku xirka DIR-615^{(D-Link DIR-615)}si aad u muujiso noocyada waxyaabaha aad wajihi doonto marka aad habayso routerkaaga. Buuggu wuxuu carrabka ku adkeeyay muhiimadda ay leedahay akhrinta buug-gacmeedka isticmaale kasta oo aad iibsato, sida ay tahay. Tani waa hal tusaale oo aanad iska tuuri karin dukumeentiga oo aad keligaa u garab istaagi karto. Waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan ku arko sharraxaad ka sii dheer oo ku saabsan noocyada kala duwan ee amniga wireless-ka ee qaybtan, iyo faa'iidooyinka iyo khasaarooyinka ay leedahay in routerkaaga uu baahiyo SSID -giisa .

Tilmaamaha ugu fiican ee Windows 7, ayaa lagu sharaxay

Cutubka soo socdaa waxa uu ka hadlayaa xisaabaadka isticmaalaha, oo si fiican u sharraxaya waxa ay yihiin, sababta aad ugu baahan tahay, waxa ay qabtaan iyo sida loo dejiyo. Waxa kale oo ay ku siinaysaa sharraxaadda ugu wanaagsan ee aan arkay sababta akoonka Martidu^(Guest) u noqon karo mid aad waxtar u leh - u oggolaanshaha dadka kale inay hubiyaan iimaylkooda iyo wixii la mid ah iyaga oo aan khalkhal gelinayn goobaha isticmaale kombuyuutarka aasaasiga ah. Waxaan jeclaan lahaa inay taasi igu dhacdo ka hor intaanan walaalkay u oggolaan inuu ku hubiyo dhammaan mareegahaas kombuyuutarkayga. Waxa kale oo jira tilmaamo ku saabsan sida loo sameeyo Windows 7 si ay kuugu soo gasho akoonkaaga si toos ah, taas oo ah wax dadka intooda badan ay u heli doonaan ku dhawaad ​​lama huraan. Waxa ku xiga cutubka maktabadaha^(Libraries) . Maadaama tani ay tahay muuqaal cusub oo ku jira Windows 7, oo maadaama tani ay tahay mid ka mid ah fikradaha u muuqda marka hore inay adag yihiin laakiin dhab ahaantii aan ahayn, sharraxaadda cad ayaa aad u mudan in la akhriyo. Maktabadu waxay fududaynaysaa maaraynta xogtaada, sababtoo ah waxaad ku kaydin kartaa faylalka faylal kala duwan walina waxaad ku kaydin kartaa meel la isku daray oo lagu habeeyey faylal farshaxan ah si loo tixraaco si fudud, oo leh tusmooyin ku tusaya waxa meesha yaal. Tani waa muuqaal aan inta badan isticmaali jiray dabayaaqadii, baroorta DOS barnaamijka Lotus Magellan , aad ayaan ugu faraxsanahay inaan arko dib u soo nooleynta, ugu dambeyntii, gudaha Windows 7 . Talaabada Talaabo: Shabakadda Kumbuyuutarkaaga & Qalabkaagu^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} waxay akhristaha u soo mariyaan sharraxaad guud oo ku saabsan Maktabadaha^(Libraries) , oo ay raacdo dhammaan tallaabooyinka lagama maarmaanka ah si loo eego Maktabadaha^(Libraries) lagu dhisay.Windows 7 , beddel ama la qabso kuwa aad isticmaasho, samee Maktabadaha^(Libraries) cusub , ku dar ama tirtir galka, habayso, kala saar oo tirtir. Qaybta loo yaqaan "Editing the Properties of a Library" ayaa si gaar ah faa'iido u leh, maadaama ay dhab ahaantii u dejiso akhristaha dariiqa saxda ah si uu u helo faylasha iyo faylalka si ay u aadaan meeshii loogu talagalay. Waana wax lagu kalsoonaan karo in loo sheego in tirtirista maktabadda^(Library) aysan waxba ka qaban faylalka iyo faylalka ku jira.

Xarig iyo wireless

Kadib buuggu wuxuu u wareegayaa Xarunta Shabakadda iyo Wadaagga^{(Network and Sharing Center)} , mar labaadna, tani waa qayb ka mid ah halka sharraxaadda tallaabo-tallaabo ah iyo sawiradu ay hubaal ka dhigayaan habka adag ee aad u fudud. Habaynta^{(Configuring)} iyo isku xidhka adabiyeyaasha shabakada waxa ay si weyn u niyad jabin kartaa soogalootiga, iyo isku xidhka bilaawgu waa ka sii dhib badan marka ugu horraysa ee aad bilowdo. Waxaan u maleynayaa inaan dhigi lahaa digniinta haddii aadan ku qanacsanayn inaad ku xirto IP, DNSiyo wixii la mid ah, wax walba sida ay yihiin u daa oo ha ku khaldin goobahaas, bilowga qaybtan, sababtoo ah way fududahay inaad si buuxda u khalkhal geliso haddii aad gujiso waxyaabo aadan si buuxda u fahmin. Tani waa codka waayo-aragnimada ee ka hadlaya halkan! Qaybta isku xirka wirelessku waxay ku hagaysaa akhristaha habka isku xirka markii ugu horeysay. Waxay ku jihaysan tahay in laptop-ka lagu xidho shabkada bilaa-waayirka ah, oo leh taxadar ku habboon ku xidhidhiyaha goobaha caamka ah. Waxaan u maleynayaa inaan ku dari lahaa fariin digniin ah oo ah in haddii ay jiraan shabakado badan oo wireless ah oo ka muuqda liiskaaga, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad si aad ah u hubiso inaad ogtahay waxa barta gelitaanka wirelesska ee lagu magacaabo si aadan naftaada u wadin inaad isku daydo. ku xidh shabakada albaabka xiga. Marka xigta waxaa jira'SSID (Aqoonsiga shabakada). Waxay u badan tahay inaad tan la kulanto haddii aad dejisay isku xirka wireless-ka gurigaaga si aan loo baahin, markaa qaybta waxay ka bilaabataa tilmaamo ku habboon si aad u hubiso inaad ogtahay waxa aqoonsigaaga shabakadu yahay, iyo inaad u qorto macluumaadkaas si ay u noqdaan. hubso inaad haysato markaad diyaar u tahay inaad ku xidho. Waxaan ku dari lahaa digniin ah in macluumaadkaas meel ammaan ah la dhigo dabadeed. Ma jirto wax dareen ah oo dejinaya tallaabooyin ammaan haddii qof kasta oo kombuyuutarkaaga qabta uu arko dhammaan macluumaadkaas oo daboolka lagu duubay. Waxa jira qayb ku saabsan dhoofinta iyo soo dejinta furaha amniga qaybta dambe ee cutubka oo u baahan in la akhriyo. Ma aan isticmaalin Ad Hoc networking, in kasta oo aan ogahay sida ay u shaqeyso, marka maan ogayn in loo isticmaali karo in la wadaago Internetka .^(Internet)isku xirka laba kombiyuutar. (Run baa jirta odhaahda ah waxaan barana wax cusub maalin kasta!) Qaybta Ad Hoc waxay ku siinaysaa tafaasiil badan iyo tusaalooyin waana inay kuu fududaysaa inaad ku rakibto Ad Hoc^{(Ad Hoc)} inta aad rabto. Waxaan ka helay qaybta Shabakadda Shabakadda^{(Network Location)} mid faa'iido leh sidoo kale. Awood u yeelashada samaynta muuqaallo kala duwan oo shabakadaha sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo waa lama huraan maalmahan, marka qaar badan oo naga mid ah ay haystaan ​​kombuyuutar laptop ah oo u socdaalaya shaqada ilaa guriga una socdaalaya goobaha dadweynaha iyo isku xirka hoteelada inta aan safarka ku jirno. Profile kastaa wuxuu leeyahay dejin ammaan oo u gaar ah, waxaanad leedahay door ah Guriga, Shaqada,^{(Home, Work,)} iyo Dadweynaha^(Public)taasi waa inay daryeesho ku dhawaad ​​xaalad kasta. Waxaa hubaal ah inay jarayso shaqooyin badan oo aan ku qabanay noocyadii hore ee Windows iyo isku xirka wireless-ka ee meelo badan.

Shaqada, Guriga, waa maxay kooxdaadu?

Inta badan annaga ayaa hore ula macaamilnay kooxo-shaqo, laakiin qaybta shaqadu^(Workgroups) waxay u adeegtaa tixraac aad u faa'iido badan, waxayna carrabka ku adkeynaysaa muhiimada ay leedahay in dhammaan kombiyuutarada ay ku jiraan isla koox shaqo^(Workgroup) haddii ay isticmaalaan nidaamyada hawlgalka ee kala duwan. Labada qaybood ee soo socda waxay bixiyaan sharraxaad kooban, oo si fiican loo sharraxay ee wadaaga iyo Kooxaha Guriga^(Homegroups) , tusinaya akhristaha sida loo beddelo goobaha loona abuuro koox-guri ,^(Homegroup) kuwaas oo dhammaantood ka dhigaya isku-xirnaanta faa'iido badan. Mar labaad^(Again) , tani waxay ka dhigaysaa Talaabo Talaabo: Isku xidhka Kombiyuutaradaada & Aaladahaga^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} buug tixraaceed qiimo leh oo aad gacanta ku hayso. Mar haddii mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu waaweyn ee shabakadu ay tahay awoodda lagu wadaago faylasha, galka, iyo qalabka, qaybaha wadaagga ayaa ah in la akhriyo.Windows 7 waxaa ku jira saaxir wadaag ah oo kuu dejin doona ku dhawaad ​​wax kasta, laakiin waxaan u maleynayaa in saaxirayaasha iswada ay si fiican u shaqeeyaan haddii aad ogtahay waxaad samaynayso ka hor intaadan u sheegin inay hore u socdaan. Buuggu waxa uu ku nool yahay ciwaanka isaga oo u qaadaya tallaabo tallaabo akhristaha dhammaan siyaabaha kala duwan ee xogta iyo aaladaha loo wadaagi karo, isaga oo ka bilaabaya galka iyo maktabadaha^(Libraries) . Marka hore^(First) waxaa jira sharraxaad wanaagsan oo ku saabsan aasaaska galka iyo wadaagga maktabadda^(Library) iyo adeegsiga faylka dadweynaha^(Public) , ka dibna, iyada oo aasaaskaas laga duulayo, buuggu waxa uu u gudbayaa sharraxaadda wadaagga horumarsan (iyo farqiga u dhexeeya wadaagga aasaasiga ah iyo kuwa horumarsan), shabakadda khariidaynta. faylalka iyo FTPadeegayaasha. Celcelis ahaan isticmaale kombuyuutarku waxa laga yaabaa in aanu hore u maqlin khariidadaynta, tanina waxa ay noqon doontaa horudhac heersare ah oo fikradda iyo hababka ku lug leh. Qaybta xigta waxay ka hadlaysaa aaladaha la wadaago. Qaar badan^(Many) oo naga mid ah ayaa ku wadaagnay daabacaha shabakad, si ay u badan tahay in qaybtaas ay noqon doonto mid la yaqaan. Isku xirka Bluetooth^(Bluetooth) -ka iyo wadaaga talefanka gacanta ayaa ahaa kuwo aad u qurux badan maalmihii ka horreeyay Windows 7 , markaa hababkan ayaa laga yaabaa inay noqdaan kuwo aan caan ahayn, waxaana fiican inaad si fiican u sharaxdo sida ay u wada shaqeeyaan, laga bilaabo telefoonka ama kombiyuutarka.

Mar kale ku ciyaar, Sam , kumbuyuutarkaas kale

Kadibna waxay ku socotaa aasaaska qulqulka warbaahinta iyada oo loo marayo shabakada gurigaaga iyo internetka^(Internet) , adoo isticmaalaya (dabcan) Windows Media Player 12 . Microsoft waxay u cusboonaysiisay Ciyaartoyga Warbaahinta ^{(Media Player)}Windows 7 , nooca ugu cusubna waa uu fududahay in la isticmaalo oo wuxuu leeyahay astaamo ka badan sidii hore. Talaabo talaabo ah, waxaad arki doontaa sida loo sameeyo Media Player , aad ku darto warbaahinta, samaynta liiska heesaha, oo aad ula wadaagto warbaahintaada kombiyuutarada kale ee shabakadaada. Waxaan xiiseynayay inaan arko inay suurtagal tahay in lagu sii daayo warbaahintaada internetka^(Internet) sidoo kale, haddii aad haysato aqoonsiga Windows Live^{(Windows Live ID)} (waxaa jira tilmaamo dhammaystiran oo sawiran oo loogu talagalay dejinta aqoonsiga iyo wadaagista warbaahinta).

Helitaanka OS-yada kale si ay ula shaqeeyaan

Shabakadaha guriga ee dad badan waxaa ka mid ah kombiyuutarada ku shaqeeya noocyada kala duwan ee Windows , ama Windows iyo nidaamyada kale ee hawlgalka sida Mac OS X ama Linux . Talaabada Talaabo: Shabakadda Kumbuyuutarkaaga & Qalabkaagu^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} waxay adeegsadaan qaybtiisa hore iyagoo sharaxaya oo sharaxaya arrimaha ku lug leh Windows 7 oo keliya. Ka dib waxaa soo baxay saddex cutub oo aad u faahfaahsan oo sharxaya sida loogu xidho kombiyuutarka Windows 7 , marka hore, noocyada kale ee Windows , ka dibna Mac OS X iyo Ubuntu Linux . Gurigayaga waxaan ku leenahay Windows 7 , Windows XP Professional iyo Mac OS X Tiger, waxaana hubaal ah inaan ku raacsanahay in samaynta kombuyuutarradaas kala duwan ay si habsami leh ugu wada shaqeeyaan shabakadda, sida buuggu sheegay, maaha mid fudud sidii la rabay, gaar ahaan noocyada kala duwan ee Windows . Qayb kasta waxa lagu sawiray sawirro laga soo qaaday kombuyuutar ku shaqaynaya nidaamka hawlgalka ee laga doodayo, kaas oo qiimahooda tusaale ahaan ka sakow, soo bandhigaya faraqa u dhexeeya saamaynta muuqaal ee Windows 7 iyo kuwii ka horreeyayba. Waxaan u arkay inay aad ii sheegi karto in sharraxaadda ugu dheer ee la xiriirta isku xirka Windows XP . Waxay u muuqataa wax aan caadi ahayn in Microsoft aysan dhisin wax ka badan Windows XP ku habboon Windows 7. Waxaan weli ku haynaa arrimo dhowr ah oo ku saabsan shabakadayada guriga iyo sharraxaadda Tallaabo Talaabo: Shabakadda Kumbuyuutarkaaga & Qalabkaaga^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} ayaa iga caawiyay inay ii tilmaamaan jihada saxda ah (arrin ku saabsan dib-u-habeynta Windows XP Professional settings). Waxa kaliya oo aanu haysanay kumbiyuutar Windows Vista ah muddo gaaban, laakiin waxa aan xasuustaa in ay adkeyd in la helo in uu si fiican ugu ciyaaro kombayutarada Windows XP Professional . Way fiicnaan lahayd in gacanta lagu hayo buug sidan oo kale ah si loo toosiyo waxaas oo dhan. Qaybta Mac OS X waa mid toos ah oo waxay qiraysaa inay fududahay in la isku xidho^(Macs) Mac- yada Windows 7 marka loo eego Windows hore^(Windows)versions Gurigayaga waxaan ka ogaanay inay tani run tahay. Kumbuyuutarkeena Ubuntu Linux ayaa ka tanaasulay ruuxa dhowr bilood ka dib markaa ma helin fursad aan ku eego tilmaamaha, laakiin waxaan hubaa in qaybtani ay u dhamaystiran tahay oo sax tahay sida kuwa kale.

Ammaan iyo ammaan, ugu dambayn

Badbaadinta waxa ugu fiican ee u dambeeya, Tallaabo Talaabo: Shabakadda Kumbuyuutarkaaga & Qalabkaagu^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} waxa uu ka kooban yahay mid ka mid ah doodaha ugu saxsan, ugu qoran, ugu sawiran ee amniga ee aan waligay arkay. Waxaan ahaa mid ka mid ah dadka ay kaxeeyeen bonkers by Windows Vista 's User Account Control , ilaa heer aan ugu dambeyntii xidhay. Windows 7 waxa uu si fiican u qabtay shaqadaas, hadda waxa aanu barannay sababta ay muhiim u tahay iyo sida looga ilaaliyo in uu kaa cadhaysiiyo inta uu shaqadeeda qabanayo. Hooray! Waxaa jira qaybo si siman u qeexan oo sharxaya Cusboonaysiinta^{(Windows Update)} Windows , Difaaca Windows^{(Windows Defender)} , iyo Windows Firewall , kuwaas oo dhamaantood lagama maarmaan u ah ilaalinta kombayutarada. Si cad uma fahmin doorkaWindows Firewall ka hor intaanan arkin sharraxaadda halkan. Waxaan hubaa in dad badani aysan si buuxda u fahmin fikradda "barnaamijyada la oggol yahay" ee ku jira Windows Firewall , sidaas darteed sharraxaadda taxaddarka leh ee halkan waxay aad u dheeraan kartaa waxbarashada isticmaalaha. Waxaan sidoo kale ku faraxsanahay inaan wax ka akhriyo Xarunta Waxqabadka^{(Action Center)} , gaar ahaan qaybta ku saabsan habaynta si ay u muujiso kaliya fariimaha aad rabto inaad aragto. Waxa kale oo jirta qayb sharaxaysa Xakamaynta Waalidka^{(Parental Controls)} . Dejinta Internetka^(Internet)xannibaaduhu waa lama huraan marka carruurta yaryar ay isticmaalayaan kombuyuutarka guriga, waxaana hubaal ah inaan jeclaan lahaa inaan lahaan lahaa xaddidaad waqti iyo xannibaadyo ciyaarta waagii ay carruurtaydu igala yeelanayeen "xaalad" ku saabsan qiimaha qaraabada ee shaqada-guri iyo wakhtiga kombiyuutarka. Buuggu wuxuu ku soo gabagabeynayaa qayb wanaagsan oo adag oo ku saabsan dhibaatooyinka shabakadaha cilad-saarka, oo ay ku jiraan liiska waxtarka leh ee isku xirka shabakadaha halkaas oo caawimaad dheeraad ah laga heli karo.

Waxa aan samayn lahaa si ka duwan

Waxaan ku degdegayaa in aan sheego in aanan ula jeedin qaybtan dib u eegista sida dhaleeceynta Talaabada Tallaabo: Shabakadda Kumbuyuutarkaaga & Qalabkaaga^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} . Waa kheyraad aad u wanaagsan, si sahlan loo fahmi karo sida ay tahay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaan u dhigi lahaa qaybaha cutubyada qaarkood si kala duwan, oo aan u habayn lahaa cutubyada laftooda si kala duwan. (Sida aan sheegay, waxa ugu fiican ee ku saabsan taxanaha Talaabada Tallaabo ^(Step)waa^(Step) in cutubyadu ay yihiin kuwo iskood u socda oo loo akhriyi karo hab kasta.) Cutubka koowaad, tillaabooyinku waa inay u kala horreeyaan. Amniga^(Security)waa inay isla markiiba yimaadaan ka dib markii la dejiyo shabakada iyo habaynta xisaabaadka. Marka shabakadu ay noqoto mid amaan ah, ka dibna wax kasta oo kale la tacaal. Waxaan ka walaacsanahay amniga sababtoo ah waxaan arki karaa qaar badan oo ka mid ah shabakadaha wireless-ka ee deriskayga ah, kuwaas oo qaarkood aan weli la sugin, waxaanan ku jiray dhismayaal dabaq ah oo xaaladdu ka sii daran tahay. Cutubyada ka hadlaya qalabka, xisaabaadka isticmaalaha, abuurista shabakada iyo wadaagga shabakada waxay ahayd in la isku daro. Waxa kale oo aan gelin lahaa cutubka Amniga^(Security) isla markaaba cutubyada ka hadlaya habaynta, si ay dadku u fahmaan sida loo sameeyo shabakadooda cusub ee la sameeyay oo ammaan ah isla markaaba. Dad badan ayaa u cusboonaysiin doona Windows 7 ^{(Windows 7)}Windows Vista, waxayna u baahnaan doonaan inay wax ka ogaadaan horumarka waaweyn ee is-dhexgalka ee ay khusayso ammaanku. Waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan arko cutubka maktabadaha oo loo guuray dambe ee buugga, si cutubyada ka hadlaya abuuritaanka shabakadda, habaynta shabakadaha, iyo Kooxda Guriga^(Homegroup) ay u raacaan cutubka xisaabaadka isticmaalaha. Waxa jira cutub dambe oo ka hadlaya wadaagga Maktabadaha ee shabakadda. Waxaan jeclaan lahaa in aan labadaas cutub ee is xiga ku dhex arko buugga, waayo waxa ay ila tahay macquul in aan ka soo gudbo qeexida Maktabadaha oo aan u gudbo siyaalo badan oo Maktabadaha loo wadaagi karo laguna maamuli karo Windows 7 .. Cutubyada isku xidhka nidaamyada kale ee hawlgalka waa in ay ka horreeyaan baahinta warbaahinta, sababtoo ah aad bay u fududahay in la wadaago xogtaada haddii dhammaan kombuyuutarradaadu ay si farxad leh ugu xiran yihiin.

Xukun

Tallaabo Talaabo: Shabakadda Kumbuyuutarkaaga & Qalabyadu^{(Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices)} waa inay noqdaan laf dhabarta maktabadda tixraaca ee qoys kasta. Macluumaadka waa sahlan tahay in la helo oo si sahlan loo fahmo, sawirada shaashadda ee bog kastana waa kuwo dheeraad ah oo qeexan. Qaadashada fikrado qalafsan hal tillaabo ayaa ah habka ugu wanaagsan ee lagu xaqiijin karo guusha, buugana wuxuu ku nool yahay ballanqaadkiisii.

Book Review - Network Your Computers & Devices, Step By Step

There's an old joke that goes: How do you eat an elephant? One bite at a time. For many people, setting up a home network is truly the elephant in the room. It's nowhere near as difficult as it used to be, when you had to buy extra software and hardware and learn a lot of arcane new commands before you could attempt it at all, but it's still tricky enough that many people need to be guided through the process one "bite" at a time. And what can anyone with a computer do without a network these days?

Step by Step: the Concept

I have always been a fan of well-written books that don't assume the reader already knows a lot about the subject at hand, and don't assume that anything is too trivial to bother explaining. Since the thorough, exhaustive printed software manual is a thing of the past, Microsoft Press has filled in the gap by publishing a series of Step By Step books that serve as bright, profusely illustrated primers for nearly everything Windows users need to know about nearly everything involved in using Windows. Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices follows in the footsteps of its predecessors. It does assume the reader understands the basics of computing and has set up Windows 7 already--but if not, it provides helpful resources for people who haven't gotten that far yet, right off the bat. As with the other Step By Step guides, there is also an online edition of the book. This is free and well worth checking out. And, as with the other Step By Step guides, the book can be read in any order, since the chapters are self-contained. I find this one of the most useful features of the books in this series, because my way of progressing from the simple to the complex doesn't always mesh with the steps in the books. I'll talk about the book as written, and briefly explain how I would have rearranged it at the end.

Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices takes the reader one step at a time through installing hardware, configuring it, setting user accounts, creating a network, connecting to the network, sharing files and devices, media streaming, sharing with other operating systems, and security. Each step is thoroughly explained, with real-world examples. Each step is also clearly illustrated, so the reader can see what's going to appear on the screen. I particularly like this approach. It's always good to know what you'll be dealing with.

Dealing with your hardware

The hardware chapter begins quite properly by stressing that proper drivers for all devices are absolutely essential. It then goes on to describe Device Stage in detail. I am a relative newcomer to Windows 7, and I had no idea there was such a thing as Device Stage. Needless to say, I found this section very educational--especially the note that it's not called Device Stage on the Windows 7 screen and you actually have to click on the Devices and Printers shortcut on the Start Menu to get at it. Device Stage shows you all your external peripherals, with all the available configuration options. It's an extremely useful feature and I had not even seen it mentioned in a Windows 7 book before. Configuring a router is a fairly complex procedure, and it's a lot easier to do if you start with a basic understanding of what it is you're doing. Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices begins with a generic description of router setup, including the helpful advice to talk with your ISP to make sure you have the settings they require, and then uses the setup for a Belkin N+ and a D-Link DIR-615 to illustrate the kinds of things you'll likely face when you configure your own router. The book stresses the importance of reading the user manual for whichever router you buy, as it should. This is one instance where you simply cannot throw the documentation away and wing it on your own. I would have liked to see a bit lengthier description of the various kinds of wireless security in this section, and the advantages and disadvantages of having your router broadcast its SSID.

Windows 7's best features, explained

The next chapter deals with user accounts, with a good explanation of what they are, why you need them, what they do and how to set them up. It also gives the best explanation I've seen of why a Guest account can be very useful--for letting other people check their email and so forth without messing up the primary computer user's settings. I wish that had occurred to me before I let my brother check all those web sites with my computer. There's also instructions for how to set up Windows 7 to log you into your own account automatically, which is something most people will find almost essential. Next up is a chapter on Libraries. Since this is a new feature in Windows 7, and since this is one of those concepts that appears at first to be complex but actually isn't, the clear explanation is well worth reading. Libraries make managing your data easier, because you can keep the files in separate folders and still have them grouped together and organized in virtual folders for easy reference, with an index to show you what's where. This is a feature I used often in the late, lamented DOS program Lotus Magellan, and I'm very happy to see it revived, finally, in Windows 7. Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices takes the reader through a general explanation of Libraries, followed by all the necessary steps to look at the Libraries built into Windows 7, change or adapt those to your own uses, create new Libraries, add or delete folders, configure, sort and delete them. The section called "Editing the Properties of a Library" is especially useful, since it really sets the reader on the right path to getting files and folders to go where they're supposed to go. And it's reassuring to be told that deleting a Library doesn't do anything to the files or folders that were in it.

Wired and wireless

Then the book moves on to the Network and Sharing Center, and again, this is one section where the step-by-step description and the illustrations definitely make a complex process much easier. Configuring and connecting network adapters can be tremendously frustrating for the newcomer, and wireless networking is even more challenging when you're first starting out. I think I would have put the warning that if you're not comfortable fiddling with IP, DNS and so forth, leave everything as it is and don't mess with those settings, at the beginning of this section, because it's so easy to mess things up completely if you click on things you don't fully understand. This is the voice of experience speaking here! The section on wireless networking guides the reader through the process of connecting for the first time. It's geared toward connecting a laptop to a wireless network, with appropriate cautions about connecting in public places. I think I would have added a cautionary message that if there are a lot of wireless networks showing up on your list, you need to be very sure that you know what your wireless access point is called so you don't drive yourself crazy trying to connect to the network next door. Next there's a useful section on connecting to a wireless network that doesn't broadcast its SSID (network ID). You're more likely to encounter this if you've set up your own home wireless connection not to broadcast, so the section starts out with appropriate instructions to make sure you know what your network ID is, and to write that information down to be sure you have it when you are ready to connect. I would have added a warning to put that information away in a safe place afterwards. There's no sense setting up security measures if anyone who gets hold of your computer sees all that information taped to the lid. There's a section on exporting and importing the security key later in the chapter that should be required reading. I have not used Ad Hoc networking, although I do know how it works, so I didn't know that it could be used to share an Internet connection between two computers. (There's truth to the saying that we learn something new every day!) The section on Ad Hoc gives plenty of details and illustrations and should make it easy to set up Ad Hoc with as many computers as you wish. I found the section on Network Location very useful as well. Being able to set up different profiles for different commonly-used networks is essential these days, when so many of us have laptop computers that travel from work to home to public access points and connections in hotels while we're traveling. Each profile has its own security settings and you have a choice of Home, Work, and Public that should take care of almost any situation. It sure cuts out a lot of the work that we had to do with previous versions of Windows and wireless networking in multiple locations.

Work, Home, what's your group?

Most of us have dealt with workgroups before, but the section on Workgroups serves as a very useful reference, and stresses the importance of having all computers in the same Workgroup if they use different operating systems. The next two sections give concise, thoroughly illustrated explanations of sharing and Homegroups, showing the reader how to change the settings and create a Homegroup, all of which make networking much more useful. Again, this makes Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices a valuable reference book to keep on hand. Since one of the major advantages of a network is the ability to share files, folders, and devices, the sections on sharing are a must-read. Windows 7 includes a sharing wizard that will set almost anything up for you, but I happen to think that automated wizards work better if you know what you're doing before you tell them to go ahead. The book lives up to its title by taking the reader step by step through all the various ways data and devices can be shared, starting with folders and Libraries. First there's a good explanation of the basics of folder and Library sharing and the use of the Public folder, and then, building on that foundation, the book moves on to explain advanced sharing (and the differences between basic and advanced sharing), mapping network folders and FTP servers. The average computer user might not have heard of mapping before, and this will serve as an excellent introduction to the concept and the processes involved. The next section deals with sharing devices. Many of us have shared a printer on a network, so that part will probably be familiar. Bluetooth connections and mobile-phone sharing were pretty fiddly in the days before Windows 7, so these processes may be less familiar, and it's good to have a thorough explanation of how it all works, starting with either the phone or the computer.

Play it again, Sam, on that other computer

Then it's on to the basics of streaming media through your home network and over the Internet, using (of course) Windows Media Player 12. Microsoft has updated Media Player for Windows 7, and the newest version is easier to use and has even more features than before. Step by step, you'll see how to set up Media Player, add media, make playlists, and share your media with other computers on your network. I was interested to see that it's possible to stream your media across the Internet as well, if you have a Windows Live ID (there are complete, illustrated instructions for setting up the ID and sharing the media).

Getting other OS's to cooperate

Many people's home networks include computers running different versions of Windows, or Windows plus other operating systems like Mac OS X or Linux. Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices uses its first half describing and explaining issues involving Windows 7 alone. Then come three extremely detailed chapters that explain how to network a Windows 7 computer with, first, other versions of Windows, and then Mac OS X and Ubuntu Linux. In our house we have Windows 7, Windows XP Professional and Mac OS X Tiger, and I definitely agree that making those different computers work smoothly together over the network is, as the book says, not as easy as it should be, especially with the various versions of Windows. Each section is illustrated with screenshots from a computer running the operating system under discussion, which, besides their value as illustrations, showcases the differences between Windows 7's visual effects and those of its immediate predecessors. I found it quite telling that the longest how-to explanation dealt with networking Windows XP. It seems odd that Microsoft didn't build a bit more Windows XP compatibility into Windows 7. We still have some lingering issues with our home network and the explanation in Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices helped point me in the right direction (a matter of tweaking a few Windows XP Professional settings). We only had a Windows Vista computer for a short time, but I remember how difficult it was to get it to "play nice" with the Windows XP Professional computers. It would have been good to have a book like this on hand to straighten all that out. The section on Mac OS X is straightforward and acknowledges that it's easier to network Macs with Windows 7 than it was with previous Windows versions. In our house we have found this to be quite true. Our Ubuntu Linux computer gave up the ghost a few months back so I had no chance to check out the instructions, but I am certain this section is just as complete and accurate as the others.

Safe and secure, at last

Saving the best for last, Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices contains one of the most thorough, best-written, best-illustrated discussions on security that I've ever seen. I was one of those people who were driven bonkers by Windows Vista's User Account Control, to the point where I finally just shut it down. Windows 7 has done a much better job with that feature, and now we learn why it's important and how to keep it from annoying you while it does its job. Hooray! There are equally thorough sections that explain Windows Update, Windows Defender, and Windows Firewall, all of which are essential for keeping computers secure. I had not clearly understood the role of Windows Firewall before I saw the explanation here. I am sure many people don't fully understand the concept of "allowed programs" in the Windows Firewall, so the careful explanation here can go a long way toward user education. I was also glad to read about the Action Center, especially the part about configuring it to show only the messages you want to see. There's also a section that explains Parental Controls. Setting Internet restrictions is essential when young children are using a home computer, and I certainly would have liked to have had time limits and game restrictions back in the days when my children were having "discussions" with me about the relative merits of homework and computer time. The book concludes with a good, solid section on troubleshooting networking problems, including a useful list of web links where more help can be found.

What I'd do differently

I hasten to say that I absolutely do not mean this section of the review as a criticism of Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices. It's an excellent, easy-to-understand resource just the way it is. I would, however, have put the sections in some chapters in a different order, and I would have arranged the chapters themselves differently. (As I said, the really good thing about the Step By Step series is that the chapters are self-contained and can be read in any order.) In the first chapter, the steps should be in a different order. Security should come immediately after setting up the network and configuring the accounts. Once the network is secure, then deal with everything else. I'm concerned about security because I can see many of my neighbors' wireless networks, some of which are still not secured, and I've been in apartment buildings where the situation is even worse. The chapters dealing with hardware, user accounts, creating the network and network sharing should have been grouped together. I would also have put the chapter on Security immediately following the chapters dealing with setup, so people understand how to make their newly-created network secure right from the get-go. Many people will upgrade to Windows 7 from Windows Vista, and they'll need to know about the major improvements in the interface where security is concerned. I would have liked to see the chapter on Libraries moved to later in the book, so that the chapters that deal with creating the network, customizing network settings, and the Homegroup would follow the chapter on user accounts. There is a later chapter that deals with sharing Libraries across a network. I would have liked to see those two chapters next to each other in the book, because it seems logical to me to progress from the definition of Libraries to the many ways Libraries can be shared and manipulated in Windows 7. The chapters on networking other operating systems should have come ahead of streaming media, because it's a lot easier to share your data if all your computers are happily connected.

Verdict

Step By Step: Network Your Computers & Devices should form the backbone of any household's reference library. The information is easy to find and easy to understand, and the screenshots on each page are a definite plus. Taking complex concepts one step at a time is the best way to insure success, and this book lives up to its promise.

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