Hadii aad xiisaynayso programming-ka, fadlan ogow in luuqadaha programming-^{(programming languages)} ka ay inta badan u kala baxaan laba qaybood oo kala ah: High-Level iyo Low-Level , mid walbana wuxuu leeyahay ujeedo gaar ah. Ogaanshaha midka adiga kugu habboon, wax badan ayay ku xiran tahay aqoontaada, waana sababta aan u go'aansannay inaan sharraxno farqiga u dhexeeya labadaba.

Luuqadaha Programming -ka ee heerka hooseeya iyo heerka sare

Maanta, waxaan dooneynaa inaan sharaxno qeexida barnaamijyada heerka sare iyo kuwa hoose, iyo noocyada kala duwan. Markaad dhammayso akhrinta maqaalkan, waxa la filayaa inaad fikrad ka hesho luqadda aad diiradda saarayso inaad hore u socoto.

Maskaxda^(Bear) ku hay in barnaamij-samayntu aanay fududayn, xataa dadka xirfadlayaasha ah, sababtoo ah arrimuhu way khaldami karaan wakhti kasta. Haddii aan laguu dhisin xallinta dhibaatooyinka adag, markaa fursadaha inaad barato cod-bixinta maaha wax adiga ah.

1] Waa maxay barnaamijka heerka sare ah

Hadda, wixii aan ka fahannay sannadihii la soo dhaafay, waxaa jira astaamo dhowr ah oo qeexaya barnaamijyada heerka sare ah oo aan eegi doono qaarkood.

OK, markaa barnaamijyada heerka sare ah waxay aad ugu eg yihiin luqadda aadanaha sababtoo ah waa wax la akhriyi karo, ama si ka badan. Intaa waxaa dheer, luqadahani kama qayb qaataan maaraynta xusuusta waxayna muujinayaan wax-soo-saarka.

Tusaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee luuqadaha barnaamijyada heerka sare ah waa C #, Python , Java , Ruby , iyo in ka badan.

Akhri^(Read) : Waa maxay luqadda barnaamijka R^{(What is the R programming language)} ?

2] Waa maxay barnaamijyada heerka hoose

Waxa ugu horreeya ee aad ogaan doonto waa inta ka soo horjeeda luqadda heerka hoose marka la barbar dhigo heerka sare^(High-level) . Waxa aad arkaysaa in aanay ku jirin wax la taaban karo, balse marka ay timaado maaraynta xusuusta iyo awoodda wax akhriska ee kombuyuutarku, way ka horreeyaan.

Intaa waxaa dheer, luqadahani gabi ahaanba kama dhowa luqadda bini'aadamka, markaa akhrintooda ma fududa.

Tusaale ahaan, u fiirso lambarka mashiinka iyo luqadda kulanka si aad fikrad uga hesho waxa aan ka hadlayno.

Akhri^(Read) : Baro barnaamijka kombiyuutarka ee Microsoft Small Basic^{(Learn computer programming with Microsoft Small Basic)} .

3] Tafsiir qoto^(Deeper) dheer oo luuqadaha barnaamijyada heerka sare ah

OK, markaa waa kan arrintu. Luqadaha heerka sare ah dhamaantood waxay ka kooban yihiin soo koobid sida kor lagu sharaxay, tani way fiicantahay sababtoo ah waxay u fududaynaysaa isticmaalka iyo fahamka. Haddii aan eegno xariiqda koodka hoose, waxaan arki karnaa sida loo akhrin karo oo aad u eg oo bini'aadam ah:

# Create the data for the graph.
v <-  c(9,13,21,8,36,22,12,41,31,33,19)

# Give the chart file a unique name.
png(file = "histogram.png")

# Create the required histogram.
hist(v,xlab = "Weight",col = "yellow",border = "blue")

# Save the file.
dev.off()

Sida aad arki karto, waa khadadka fudud ee koodka, oo haddii aad si sax ah u akhrido, waxaad fahmi doontaa waxa aad helayso waxa ka dambeeya. Intaa waxaa dheer, looma baahna in lagu maareeyo xusuusta luqad heer sare ah.

Marka la eego qaar ka mid ah qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee codaynta heerka sare, waa doorsoomayaal, walxo, hawlo joogto ah, iyo wareegyo. Waxaad arkaysaa, kuwani waa qoraallada ka dhigaya luqadaha heerka sare aad u fudud in la isticmaalo marka la barbar dhigo dhiggooda heerka hoose.

Sidoo kale, codaynta heerka sare waxay u ogolaanaysaa isticmaaluhu inuu soo diro daraasiin amar ah oo wata hal xariiq oo kood ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, waa in la ogaadaa in luuqad kasta oo barnaamijka sare ah ay leedahay hab u gaar ah oo loo qoro syntax, sidaas darteed, qaar ayaa ka fududaan doona kuwa kale.

Akhri^(Read) : Netbeans IDE waa Luuqad Barnaamijeed oo da' cusub .

4] Fasiraadda qoto^(Deeper) dheer ee luuqadaha barnaamijyada heerka hoose

Sida aan kor ku soo sheegnay, luuqadaha barnaamijyada hoose waxay la jaan qaadayaan nidaamka kombayuutarka halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen luqadda aadanaha, sidaas darteed, akhrinta si caadi ah maaha wax aan macquul ahayn. Mid ka mid ah luqadaha barnaamijyada heerka hoose ee ugu caansan waa mashiinka^(Machine) code-ka, oo dhan waxay ku saabsan yihiin lambarrada random.

Waxaad arkaysaa, koodhka mishiinku^(Machine) waxa uu ka kooban yahay oo keliya tilmaamaha gaarka ah ee loo gudbiyo kombayutarka, taas oo macnaheedu yahay, waxa ka maqan wax-soo-saarka.

Hadda, ma aha in Mashiinadu^(Machines) fahmaan bytes kaliya, in kasta oo ay inta badan matalaan jajab tobanle, hexadecimal, ama binary. Waxaan fahamsanahay in binary loo isticmaalo in ka badan kuwa kale.

Tusaalaha koodka mashiinka:

000000 00001 00010 00110 00000 100000

Sida aad arki karto, suurtagal maaha in la akhriyo koodka sare si aad fikrad uga hesho waxa uu samayn doono. Kumbuyuutarku, dhinaca kale, aad buu u awoodayaa inuu akhriyo luqaddan ilaa inta barnaamij-sameeyaha uu tilmaamayo tilmaamo cadcad.

5] Ma in^(Should) aad barataa mid ama labada nooc ee luuqadaha barnaamijka?

Taasi waa su'aal adag in laga jawaabo maadaama labada luuqadoodba ay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin iyo khasaare. Waxaad arkaysaa, luqadaha heerka sare way fududahay in la barto oo la qabsado. Ma aha in la sheego, luqadaha heerka sare ah ayaa ka badbaado badan sababtoo ah waxay ka kooban yihiin dhawr ilaalin si ay ugu adkeeyaan barnaamij-bixiyeyaasha inay qoraan koodka loogu talagalay in lagu burburiyo kombiyuutarka.

Luqadaha heerka hoose waa ka soo horjeeda oo dhan, oo sidaas oo kale, looma isticmaalo in lagu qoro koodka shabakada ama apps, laakiin ugu horrayn software darawalka ama kernels nidaamka hawlgalka.

Difference between Low-level and High-level Programming languages

If you’re interested in prоgramming, then please note that programming languages are usually separated in two classes: High-Level and Low-Level, and each has its own purpose. Knowing which one is best for you, depends a lot on your knowledge, which is why we’ve decided to explain the differences between both.

Low-level and High-level Programming languages

Today, we are going to explain the definition of high and low-level programming, and the different types. When you’ve completed reading this article, it is expected that you’ll have some idea of which language to focus on going forward.

Bear in mind that programming is not easy, not even for professionals because things can go wrong at any time. If you are not built for solving complex problems, then chances are learning to code is not your thing.

1] What is a high-level programming

Now, from what we’ve come to understand over the years, there are a few characteristics that define high-level programming and were going to look at some of them.

OK, so high-level programming is more akin to human language due to the fact it is readable, or more so. Furthermore, these languages do not take part in memory management and feature abstraction.

The main examples of high-level programming languages are C#, Python, Java, Ruby, and more.

Read: What is the R programming language?

2] What is Low-level programming

The first thing you’ll notice is how much of an opposite low-level language are when compared to High-level. You see, they do not feature abstraction, but when it comes down to memory management and the ability to be read by computers, they are ahead.

Additionally, these languages are not close to human language at all, so reading them is not easy.

As for examples, look to machine code and assembly language to get an idea of what we’re talking about.

Read: Learn computer programming with Microsoft Small Basic.

3] Deeper interpretation of high-level programming languages

OK, so here’s the thing. High-level languages all feature abstraction as explained above, and this is good because it makes them easier to use and understand. If we look at the line of code below, we can see how it is readable and more human-like:

# Create the data for the graph.
v <-  c(9,13,21,8,36,22,12,41,31,33,19)

# Give the chart file a unique name.
png(file = "histogram.png")

# Create the required histogram.
hist(v,xlab = "Weight",col = "yellow",border = "blue")

# Save the file.
dev.off()

As you can see, it’s just simple lines of code, and if you read it properly, you will understand what you’re getting what comes after. Furthermore, there is no need to manage memory with high-level language.

In terms of some of the most important parts of coding in high-level, they are variables, objects, routines, and loops. You see, these are the abstractions that make high-level languages so easy to use when compared to their lower-level counterparts.

Also, coding from the high-level allows the user to send dozens of commands with just a single line of code. Furthermore, one should note that each high-level programming language has its own way of writing syntax, therefore, some will be easier than others.

Read: Netbeans IDE is a new-age Programming Language.

4] Deeper interpretation of low-level programming languages

As we’ve stated above, low-level programming languages are more aligned with the computer system rather than human language, therefore, reading it in a normal fashion is impossible. One of the most known low-level programming languages out there is Machine code, and it’s all about random numbers.

You see, Machine code only contains the individual guidelines passed down to the computer, which means, it lacks abstraction.

Now, we should not that Machines only understand bytes, although they are mainly represented in decimal, hexadecimal notation, or binary. We understand that binary is used more than the others.

Example of machine codes:

000000 00001 00010 00110 00000 100000

As you can see, it’s impossible to read the above code in order to get an idea of what it will do. The computer, on the other hand, is very much capable of reading this language as long as the programmer specifies clear directions.

5] Should you learn one or both types of programming languages?

That’s a difficult question to answer since both languages have benefits and cons. You see, high-level languages are easier to learn and grasp. Not to mention, high-level languages are safer because they contain certain safeguards to make it harder for programmers to write code designed to destroy a computer.

Low-level languages are the complete opposite, and as such, they are not used for writing code for the web or apps, but primarily driver software or operating system kernels.

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