Awooda ay shakhsiyaadka, shirkadaha, iyo dawladdu u leeyihiin in ay la socdaan waxa aad online ka samayso waxa ay noqotay mawduuc aad loo hadal hayo dhawrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay, hadda oo 91% dadka Maraykanku^(Americans) ay dareemaan in ay lumiyeen xakamaynta qarsoodigooda internetka^{(lost control of their online privacy)} . Shuruucda^(Laws) iyo qawaaniinta ku saabsan sirta internetka ayaa aad uga dambeeyay tignoolajiyada, in kasta oo dhowr gobol ay bilaabeen soo jeedinta sharci si ay uga ilaaliyaan isticmaaleyaasha in xogtooda gaarka ah laga iibiyo iibiyaha ugu sarreeya.

Hagaha Dhamaystiran ee^{(Comprehensive Guide)} Qarsoonnimada Onlaynka ah^{(Online Privacy)}

Qarsoodinimada khadka ayaa^(Online) ka qoto dheer shirkadaha sida Facebook iibinaya macluumaadka tirakoobka ee isticmaaleyaasheeda^{(selling demographic information about its users)} , in kastoo. Waxaa jira siyaabo kale oo badan oo sirtaada lagu xadgudbi karo, online iyo off. Nasiib wanaag, waxaa jira tillaabooyin aad qaadi karto si aad u ilaaliso xogtaada.

Isticmaal Software Antivirus

Dadka intiisa badan way ka warqabaan in fayrasku uu sababi karo dhibaatooyinka kombiyuutarka sida in browserka loo jiheeyo goobo gaar ah, hoos u dhigo, ama xidhid gabi ahaanba. Haddii uu qof ka sameeyo albaabka dambe ee nidaamkaaga oo leh fayras si uu macluumaadka u baadho oo ay suurtogal tahay inuu galo furahaaga furaha si uu u xado furahaaga sirta ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inaadan ka warqabin inay dhacayso. Software-ka kumbuyuutarka^{(Antivirus computer software)} ee ka-hortagga fayraska ayaa ku fiican qabashada fayrasyada^(Trojan) faraska ee Trojans kuwaas oo si qarsoodi ah u soo gala oo waxyeello u geysta sirtaada.

Isticmaal software-ka si aad si toos ah u sawirto wax-soo-dejintaada, gacanta ku sawir wax kasta oo u muuqda shaki iyo jadwal baarista si joogto ah. Marar badan cusboonaysii, oo ha baaro shabakadaada iyo dhammaan aaladaha ku lifaaqan oo ay la socdaan kumbuyuutarkaaga. Software-ku waxa kale oo uu kaa caawin karaa in aad xoojiso galka kombayutarkaga^{(strengthen your computer’s firewall)} si aad uga hortagto dhibaatooyinka ka hor inta aanay bilaabin.

Akhriso^(Read) : Software-ka ugu Fiican ee Qarsoonnimada Internetka ee Bilaashka ah & Alaabooyinka^{(Internet Privacy Software & Products)} loogu talagalay Windows 10,

Isticmaal Shabakadda Gaarka ah ee Virtual

Mid ka mid ah siyaabaha ugu wanaagsan ee lagu ilaalin karo sirtaada markaad internetka ku jirto waa inaad isticmaasho Shabakadda Gaarka ah ee Virtual (VPN)^{(to use a Virtual Private Network (VPN))} kaas oo qarinaya ciwaankaaga IP-ga oo ku beddelaya ciwaanka kale ee server-ka. Tani waxay ka ilaalinaysaa boggaga inay awood u leeyihiin inay raadiyaan IP-gaaga iyo waxaad internetka ku sameyso. VPN wuxuu kaa^(VPN) dhigayaa qarsoodi, oo khatartaada in la jabsado ayaa hoos u dhacaysa natiijada.

Ka digtoonow Khayaanada Onlineka ah

Liiska khiyaamooyinka ay dadku ku dhici karaan intarneedka waa mid aad u ballaaran. Nasiib wanaag, haddii aad ka warqabto kuwa ugu caansan, waxaad si fiican u ilaalin kartaa naftaada. Qaar ka mid ah khiyaanada ugu badan ee la iska ilaaliyo waxaa ka mid ah:

• Malware – Fayrasyada ku jira lifaaqyada iimaylka^{(Viruses in email attachments)} ama isku xirka waxay ahaayeen dhibaato tan iyo markii intarneedka la bilaabay. Haddii aadan fileyn fayl ku lifaaqan iimaylkaaga, xitaa haddii iimaylku u muuqdo inuu ka yimid qof aad taqaan, ha gujin ilaa aad ka hubsato. Si la mid ah iimaylka shisheeyaha^{(emails from strangers)} iyo xiriirinta shakiga leh ee warbaahinta bulshada ama golayaasha. Ha^(Don) furin iyaga. Waxaa lagu tilmaami karaa goobta malware laga soo dejiyay kombayutarkaga. Software^(Antivirus) -ka ka-hortagga fayraska ayaa joojin doona kuwan intooda badan, laakiin fayrasyada cusub - gaar ahaan ransomware - ayaa la soo saaray mar kasta si ay isugu dayaan in ay ku wareegaan algorithms-yada, markaa isticmaalka dareenkaaga^{(using your intuition)} sidoo kale waa muhiim.

• Phishing - Markaad hesho iimaylka lama filaanka ah sida mid sheeganaya bangigaaga, badbaadada bulshada, ama hay'ad kale ayaa u baahan macluumaadkaaga dhibaato ama cusbooneysiin awgeed, isku xirka aad rabto inaad gujiso wuxuu u ekaan doonaa mid caadi ah jaleecada hore. Laakin marka aad dul heehaabayso tilmaanta mouse-ka (laakin ha gujin), ciwaanka dhabta ahi wuu ka duwanaan doonaa waxa isku xidhku sheegayo, mana la mid noqon doono website-ka rasmiga ah. La xidhiidh qofka la sheegay inuu soo diray iimayl cusub, qoraal ama telefoon si loo xaqiijiyo haddii aanad hubin. Sida caadiga ah, marka macluumaadka muhiimka ah lagala wadaago urur, waxay ku iman doontaa qaab warqad ah. Tusaale ahaan, IRSkuma soo wici doono oo kuu sheegi maayo inaad u baahan tahay inaad siiso lacag go'an. Haddii lagugu leeyahay lacag, waxay kugu wargelin doonaan "snail mail" si loo yareeyo suurtagalnimada in la jabsado. Haddii lagaa soo waco taleefoonka macluumaadka gaarka ah ee muhiimka ah, had iyo jeer taxaddar.

• Khayaanada Taageerada Farsamada^{(Tech Support Scam)(Tech Support Scam)} - Khiyaanada taageerada ^{( – )}tikniyoolajiyadda^(Tech) sidoo kale waa khiyaamo caadi ah oo ka dhici kara wicitaan telefoon ama iimayl. Guud ahaan, qof ayaa ku wargelin doona inay jirto "dhibaato" ku saabsan kombiyuutarkaaga. Waxay u badan tahay in lagu farayo inaad isla markiiba wacdo si aad u hesho daryeel. Qofka taageerada tignoolajiyada saaxiibka ah ayaa kuu sheegi doona in ISP- gaagu uu ogaaday in kombuyuutarkaaga uu si weyn u haleelay fayras, oo ay halkan u joogaan inay ku caawiyaan. Waxay codsan doonaan gelitaanka fog ee kombuyuutarkaaga - hubi inaadan waligaa qofna u oggolaan inuu galo tan. Waxay soo dejisan doonaan faylashaada si ay u raadiyaan macluumaadka bangiga iyo kaararka deynta, mararka qaarkoodna waxay curyaami doonaan kombiyuutarkaaga si ay u weydiistaan ​​lacag si ay u dayactiraan.
• Khayaanada Macaamilka kale^{(Other Consumer Scams)(Other Consumer Scams)} - Waxaa jira khiyaamo badan oo lagu isku dayo inay kaa soocaan xogtaada iyo lacagtaada, oo u dhexeysa dammaanadda baabuurka iyo khayaanada IRS^(IRS) ilaa khiyaanooyinka bakhtiyaa-nasiibka. Nasiib wanaag, way fududahay in laga fogaado intooda badan shaandhada spamka. U deji iimaylkaaga si uu si toos ah ugu shaandheeyo spamka si aad uga ilaaliso inta badan khayaanada sanduuqaaga. Haddii qaar ay soo maraan, waligaa ha u jawaabin. Haddi aad samayso, waxa ay u ogaysiinaysaa soo diraha in ay gaadheen ciwaan dhab ah oo ay u afduubi karaan iimaylka jawaabta ah si ay dadka kale ugu diraan spamka.

Ilaali xogtaada

Hackers- ku ma xadi karaan macluumaadka aysan heli karin. Xogta muhiimka ah sida furaha sirta ah, lambarada akoontiga bangiga, lambarkaaga Sooshal Sekuuritiga^{(Social Security)} , iyo taariikhda dhalashada waa in aan laga heli karin kombayutarkaga. Weligaa ha^(Never) u badbaadin si aan ammaan lahayn sida Notepad ama Word . Si kastaba ha ahaatee way fiican tahay in la isticmaalo maamulaha sirta^{(Password Manager)} ah ee wanaagsan . Sidoo kale, macluumaadkan ha ku dirin iimaylo ama sheekeysi halka ay ku dhowdahay inaan waligiis qarsoodi ahayn oo aan ammaan ahayn.

Ka ilaali dhammaan xogta muhiimka ah ee taleefankaaga casriga ah, sidoo kale. Taleefannada ayaa xitaa ammaankoodu ka yar yahay kombuyuutarrada, sidaa darteed ha soo qorin macluumaadka noocan ah hana u dirin iimaylka ama farriimaha gaarka ah halkaas oo laga yaabo in lagu qabto. Si aad isaga ilaaliso software-ka casriga ah ee kuu gaar ah, gal goobaha gaarka ah ee taleefankaaga oo dami kartida uu ku ogaanayo goobtaada.

• Ha isticmaalin Kumbuyuutarada Dadweynaha - Kumbuyuutarrada^{(Don’t Use Public Computers – )} galitaanka dadweynaha iyo Wi-Fi waa khatar iyo ammaan darro^{(Wi-Fi are risky and insecure)} . Haddii ay tahay inaad mid isticmaasho, ha gelin goobna ha gelin ama ha gelin macluumaadkaaga shakhsiyeed qaab kasta. Haddii aad meel kasta gasho, eraygaaga sirta ah wuxuu u nugul yahay in la xado^{(password is vulnerable to being stolen)} . Haddii ay jiraan duruufo ay tahay inaad ka hubiso iimaylkaaga ama aad ganacsi kale ku samayso kombayutarka dadweynaha, iska hubi inaad ka baxday ka hor intaadan bixin, oo ka fikir inaad beddesho eraygaaga sirta ah isla marka aad mar labaad gasho xidhiidh gaar ah.

• Adeegso iimaylka iyo fariimaha ammaan badan -^{(Use More Secure Email and Messaging – )} Gmail waa ku anfacaya, laakiin Google waa mid ka mid ah dembiilayaasha ugu xun^{(Google is one of the worst offenders)} marka ay timaado sirta. Ma jiro iimayl bilaash ah oo weligii u ahaan doona ammaan sida koontada iimaylka ah ee aad ku bixiso ballan-qaadyadaas sirta, amniga, iyo sirta. Barnaamijyada fariimaha tooska ah waxay la kulmaan dhibaatooyin isku mid ah. Shirkadaha bixiya, sida Facebook , waxay inta badan ururiyaan oo iibiyaan xogtaada , farriimahana ma aha kuwo ammaan ah, taas oo ka dhigaysa inay si sahlan u dhexgalaan oo ay isticmaalaan si ay u bartaan macluumaadka adiga kugu saabsan. App-ka farimo ammaan ah sida Wire ama Signal ayaa kaa caawin kara inaad wada sheekaysigaaga gaarka ah run ahaantii ka dhigto mid gaar ah.

• Ha siin xogtaada Baraha Bulshada -^{(Don’t Give Your Data Away on Social Media – )} Qiyaastii 70% dadka waaweyn ee Maraykanka^(American) ayaa isticmaala baraha bulshada, waxayna u muuqataa in qof kastaa uu soo dhejiyo marka ay joogaan makhaayadaha ama fasaxyada magaalada. Baraha bulshada ayaa mar hore ku raad-joogta oo faa'iido ka hesha xogtaada khaaska ah maalin kasta, laakiin xayeysiinta goobtaada jireed waxay ku kordhinaysaa lakab kale oo khatar ah. Ilaali sirtaada adigoon waligaa ku dhejin macluumaadkaas baraha bulshada^{(never posting such information on social media)} .
  • Laba jeer hubi^{(Double-check)} boggaga warbaahinta bulshada iyo goobaha gaarka ah si aad u hubiso inaad si sax ah u garanayso waxa la soo bandhigay iyo cidda arki karta. Haddii qoraaladaadu ay yihiin kuwo guud halkii ay ku ekaan lahaayeen saaxiibada iyo dadka aad la xidhiidho, sawirada gurigaaga, baabuurta, iyo agagaarahaaga ayaa siin kara qof qalaad macluumaad ku filan si uu ku helo. Ugaadhayaashu waxay eegi karaan qoraalladaada oo waxay baran karaan magacyada carruurtaada, da'da, goobta guud, dugsiyada, iyo in ka badan, iyaga oo khatar gelinaya. Shisheeyaha ayaa ogaan kara marka aad fasaxa ku jirto iyo marka gurigaagu banaan yahay.
  • Ilaali sirtaada adiga oo aan buuxinin baraha bulshada ee caanka ah "in lagu baranayo" memes ka kooban liis su'aalo ah. Waxay caadi ahaan ku weydiiyaan waxyaabo ay ka mid yihiin waddada aad ku soo kortay, xayawaankaaga ugu horreeya, magaca gabadha hooyadaa, iyo su'aalo kale oo badan oo shakhsi ah. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah su'aalaha soo kabashada erayga sirta ah ee caanka ah ee goobaha ayaa ku weydiiya haddii ay dhacdo inaad illowday erayga sirta ah ayaa ku jira liisaskaas, taasoo ka dhigaysa shaqada hackerka. Waxaa ka dhalan kara cawaaqibka ka badan wadaagga baraha bulshada^{(consequences of oversharing on social media)} !

Qaado tallaabooyin ammaan oo kugu filan

• Dooro Furaha sirta ah ee Xoog Leh -^{(Choose Strong Passwords – )} Erayada sirta ah ee aad ku kaydiso kombayutarkaagu waa ciyaar cadaalad ah haddii qof uu galo. Laakin xitaa haddii uusan qofna jabsan karin nidaamkaaga, waxaa laga yaabaa inay weli awood u yeeshaan inay galaan bangigaaga internetka, akoonnada warbaahinta bulshada, iyo iimaylka haddii aad doorato furaha sirta ah ee aad u fudud in jabsadayaashu ay qiyaasaan.
  • U isticmaal furaha sirta ah ee gaarka ah goob kasta, hana isticmaalin erayo, magacyo, ama wax kasta oo qof ku qiyaasi karo (sida meelaha iyo waxyaabaha ku jira memes-ka baraha bulshada). Haddii aad si fudud u xasuusan karto, hackers ayaa laga yaabaa inuu awoodo inuu ogaado. Erayada sirta ah ee dhaadheer ee ka kooban xarfo waaweyn iyo xarfo yaryar, lambaro, iyo calaamado waa ereyo sir ah oo xooggan^{(strong passwords)} oo aan la qiyaasi karin.
  • Ma xasuusan doontid ereyada sirta ah ee xooggan, markaa qor. Haddii aad lumiso liiskaaga sirta ah oo ay tahay in aad si ka sii diyaarsan u heshid, software kombuyuutar ayaa ku caawin kara. Maamulaha erayga sirta ah^{(password manager)} waa doorasho ilaa aad doorato mid sir ah oo sugan. Maamulayaal badan oo sirta ah ayaa xitaa kugula talin doona furaha sirta ah ee aadka u xoogan.

• Isticmaal xaqiijinta laba-tallaabo halka laga heli karo -^{(Use Two-Step Authentication Where Available – )} Haddii ay dhacdo in mid ka mid ah ereyadaada sirta ah la jebiyo, hal lakab oo kale oo ilaalin ah oo ku ilaalin kara waa xaqiijin laba-tallaabo ah. Ku dheji mareeg kasta oo soo bandhigta, si marka aad gasho, aad u buuxiso tillaabo labaad si aad u hubiso in ay dhab ahaantii adiga tahay adiga oo u oggolaanaya in goobta ay kuu soo dirto fariin qoraal ah, iimaylka ama taleefan toos ah. Haddii aad hesho fariin codsanaysa xaqiijinta oo aadan bilaabin, u beddel eraygaaga sirta ah mareegahaas isla markaaba.

• Noqo dukaameeyaha khadka tooska ah ee Savvy -^{(Be a Savvy Online Shopper – )} Xogtu waxay muujineysaa in 96% dadka Mareykanka^(Americans) ah ay wax ka iibsadaan internetka. Way fududahay, ku habboon tahay, oo waxay bixisaa doorasho dukaan jireed oo la mid ah ma jiro. Waxa kale oo ay khatar ku tahay dhaqaalahaaga haddii aad u ogolaato goobaha aad wax ka iibsanayso inay kaydiyaan macluumaadkaaga lacag bixinta.
  • Iska ilaali rabitaanka inaad gujiso sanduuqa kaydiya macluumaadka lacag bixinta wakhtiga xiga, iyada oo aan loo eegin sida ay ugu habboon tahay. Haddii xogta goobta la jebiyo-oo tani waa wax marar badan ku dhacay tafaariiqlayaasha waaweyn iyo kuwa yar-nambarka kaarka deynta ayaa la soo bandhigi karaa. Ku bixi dhawrka daqiiqo ee dheeraadka ah ee ay qaadanayso si aad u geliso macluumaadkaaga lacag bixinta mar kasta oo aad wax iibsanayso. Oo hubi inaad kaliya ka iibsatid dukaamada online-ka ah ee la aamini karo ee leh xiriiro sugan oo loogu talagalay horgalaha "HTTPS" ee URL-yadooda.

• Tirtir Kukiyada Dabagalka -^{(Delete Tracking Cookies –)} Goobo badan, gaar ahaan goobaha tafaariiqda, waxay ku shubaan cookies -ka biraawsarkaaga si ay u oggolaadaan in shabakadu ku aqoonsato^{(let the website recognize you)} si aadan u soo galin mar kasta. Nasiib darro, qaar badan ayaa sidoo kale la socda dhaqdhaqaaqaaga kale ee onlayn. Waxaad ka eegi kartaa goobaha browser-kaaga si aad si fudud u tirtirto mid ama dhamaantood. Hadda waxa ay noqotay lama huraan in sidoo kale laga baxo Google FloC^{(opt-out of Google FloC)} .

• Ha isticmaalin Alaabooyinka Guriga ee Wanaagsan – ^{(Don’t Use Smart Home Products – )}Google Home , Alexa , iyo Siri mar walba dhegayso si ay uga jawaabaan marka aad kiciso. Haddii aad rabto inaad xidho sirta gurigaaga ama qalabkaaga, ha isticmaalin gabi ahaanba alaabtan . Laakiin haddii aad u timid inaad iyaga ku tiirsato, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad weli rabto inaad beddesho goobahaaga si aad uga ilaaliso inay duubaan wax kasta oo aad u sheegto.

• • Dad badan ayaan ogaanin inta ay le'eg tahay macluumaadka ku kaydsan aaladahaan. Google ayaa joojisay duubista iyo keydinta isdhexgalka si caadi ah dhowr sano ka hor, laakiin haddii aad leedahay qalab duug ah waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad beddesho goobahaaga. Siri kuma ogola inaad iska dhaafto in la duubo, inkastoo duubabku aanay adiga kugu xidhnayn. Haddii aad isticmaasho Alexa , ka eeg amazon.com si aad u tirtirto cajaladaha.

• • Arrimaha gaarka ah ee la socda aaladaha guriga ee smart ayaa xitaa dhaafsiisan duubista codka. Haddii aad isticmaasho qalab casri ah, laga bilaabo heerkulbeegyada ilaa nalalka iftiinka, mar kasta oo shay daarto ama damiyo macluumaadkaas waa la qabtaa oo loo gudbiyaa server-ka, oo ku daraya kaydka macluumaadka adiga kugu saabsan. Ka fogow aaladahaan, ama si qoto dheer u eeg jaangooyooyinka iyo siyaasada mid walba si aad ula socoto waxa la duubay.

• Samee waxa ugu Wanaagsan ee Aad Amni Ku Joogi Karto –^{(Do the Best You Can to Stay Secure – )} Si aad u ilaaliso xogtaada sida ugu macquulsan, xasuusnoow in qalab kasta oo aad isticmaasho oo geli kara intarneedka iyo goob kasta oo aad isticmaasho ay tahay baylahda iman karta. Ha^(Don) dhigin wax kumbuyuutarkaaga, teleefankaaga, ama guud ahaan intarneedka wax aad rabto in aad sir u ahaato. Ka digtoonow khiyaamooyinka caadiga ah, oo iska ilaali. Isticmaal mashiinka raadinta sirta ah sida DuckDuckGo . Ka soo deji qalabkan Digital Citizenship Toolkit ^{(Digital Citizenship Toolkit)}Microsoft.com maadaama ay kuu hayso tabo badan oo mawduucan ah. Ugu dambayntii, baadh dejimaha dhammaan aaladahaaga iyo abka si aad u aragto waxa la daba-galay iyo waxa la ururiyay, oo ku hagaaji heerka aad ku qanacsan tahay.

Haddii aad raacdo tillaabooyinkan si aad u ilaaliso Qarsoonnimadaada Dijital ah^{(Digital Privacy)} , waxaad si weyn u dhimi doontaa khatarta ah in macluumaadkaaga khaaska ahi ay ku dhammaan doonto gacan qof kale.

A Comprehensive Guide to Online Privacy

The ability of individuals, corporatіons, and the government to track what you dо online has becomе a hot-button topic in the last several years, now that 91% of Americans feеl like they’ve lost control of their online privacy. Laws and regulations regarding internet privacy have lagged far behind the technology, though several states have started proposing legislation to better protect users from having their private data sold to the highest bidder.

Comprehensive Guide to Online Privacy

Online privacy goes deeper than companies like Facebook selling demographic information about its users, though. There are many other ways in which your privacy can be violated, online and off. Fortunately, there are steps you can take to help keep your information secure.

Use Antivirus Software

Most people are aware that a virus can cause computer problems like redirecting a browser to specific sites, slowing it down, or locking it up completely. If someone makes a backdoor into your system with a virus to scan for information and possibly log your keystrokes to steal your passwords, you might not be aware it’s happening. Antivirus computer software is good at catching these Trojan horse viruses that sneak in and wreak havoc on your privacy.

Use the software to scan your downloads automatically, manually scan anything that looks suspicious and schedule scans to run regularly. Update it often, and let it scan your network and all your attached devices along with your computer. The software can also help you strengthen your computer’s firewall to prevent problems before they start.

Read: Best Free Internet Privacy Software & Products for Windows 10,

Use a Virtual Private Network

One of the best ways to protect your privacy when you’re online is to use a Virtual Private Network (VPN) that masks your IP address and replaces it with a different server’s address. This keeps sites from being able to trace your IP and what you do online. A VPN keeps you anonymous, and your risk of being hacked drops as a result.

Be aware of Online Scams

The list of scams people can fall prey to on the internet is extensive. Fortunately, if you’re aware of the most common ones, you can better protect yourself. Some of the most common scams to guard against are:

• Malware – Viruses in email attachments or links have been a problem since the internet began. If you’re not expecting an attached file in your email, even if the email appears to be from someone you know, don’t click on it until you are sure. The same goes for emails from strangers and suspicious links on social media or in forums. Don’t open them. You can be directed to a site where malware is downloaded to your computer. Antivirus software will stop most of these, but new viruses – especially ransomware – are developed all the time to try to get around the algorithms, so using your intuition is also important.

• Phishing – When you get an unexpected email like one that claims your bank, social security, or some other organization needs your information because of a problem or update, the link you’re supposed to click will look normal at first glance. But when you hover your mouse pointer over it (but don’t click it), the actual address will be different from what the link says it is, and won’t match the official website. Contact the alleged sender in a new email, text or phone call to verify if you’re uncertain. Usually, when important information is shared from an organization, it will come in the form of a letter. For instance, the IRS will not call you and tell you that you need to pay them a certain amount of money. If you do owe them money, they will inform you through “snail mail” to reduce the likelihood of getting hacked. If you get a call over the phone about important private information, always be cautious.

• Tech Support Scam – Tech support scams are also common scams that can take place through a phone call or email. Generally, someone will inform you that there’s a “problem” with your computer. You will likely be instructed to call immediately to get it taken care of. The friendly tech support person will tell you that your ISP has found your computer to be heavily infected with viruses, and they’re here to help. They’ll request remote access to your computer – be sure to never let anyone have this access. They’ll download your files to look for bank and credit card information, and sometimes they’ll cripple your computer so they can ask for payment to repair it.
• Other Consumer Scams – There are many scams to try to separate you from your data and your money, ranging from car warranty and IRS scams to lottery scams. Fortunately, it’s simple to avoid most of them with a spam filter. Set your email to filter spam automatically to keep most of the scams out of your inbox. If some get through, never reply to them. If you do, it alerts the sender that they’ve reached a real address they can hijack as a reply email to send spam to other people.

Protect your Data

Hackers can’t steal information they can’t find. Vital data like passwords, bank account numbers, your Social Security number, and date of birth shouldn’t be available on your computer. Never save them in an unsecured manner like in Notepad or Word. It is however fine to use a good Password Manager. Also, don’t send this information through emails or chats where it’s almost never encrypted and secure.

Keep all important data off your smartphone, too. Phones are even less secure than computers, so never text this kind of information or send it by email or private messages where it can be intercepted. To avoid your smartphone’s own software tracking you, go into the privacy settings on your phone and turn off its ability to detect your location.

• Don’t Use Public Computers – Public-access computers and Wi-Fi are risky and insecure. If you must use one, don’t log into any site or put your personal information into any form. If you log in anywhere, your password is vulnerable to being stolen. If some circumstance arises where you must check your email or do other business on a public computer, make sure you log out before you leave, and consider changing your password as soon as you have access to a private connection again.

• Use More Secure Email and Messaging – Gmail is handy, but Google is one of the worst offenders when it comes to privacy. No free email is ever going to be as secure as an email account you pay for that promises encryption, security, and privacy. Direct messaging apps suffer from the same issues. The companies that provide them, like Facebook, often collect and sell your data, and the messages aren’t secure, making them easy to intercept and use to learn information about you. A secure messaging app like Wire or Signal can help you keep your private conversations truly private.

• Don’t Give Your Data Away on Social Media – About 70% of American adults use social media, and it seems like everyone posts when they’re at restaurants or vacationing out of town. Social media already tracks you and profits from your personal data every day, but advertising your physical location adds another layer of risk. Protect your privacy by never posting such information on social media.
  • Double-check your social media profiles and privacy settings to be sure you know exactly what’s on display and who can see it. If your posts are public rather than restricted to friends and contacts, pictures of your home, cars, and surrounding areas can give a stranger enough information to find you. Predators can look at your posts and learn your children’s names, ages, general location, schools, and more, putting them at risk. Strangers can figure out when you’re on vacation and when your home is empty.
  • Protect your privacy even more by not filling out popular social media “getting to know you” memes made up of lists of questions. They typically ask things like the street you grew up on, your first pet, your mother’s maiden name, and many other personal questions. Many of the common password recovery questions sites ask if you happen to forget a password are on those lists, making the hacker’s job easier. There can be consequences of oversharing on social media!

Take sufficient security measures

• Choose Strong Passwords – Any passwords you store on your computer are fair game if someone gets access. But even if no one can hack into your system, they still may be able to get into your online banking, social media accounts, and email if you choose passwords that are too easy for hackers to guess.
  • Use a unique password for every site, and don’t use real words, names, or anything that someone could guess (like the places and things in those social media memes). If you can easily remember it, a hacker may be able to figure it out. Long passwords made up of capital and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols are strong passwords that are nearly impossible to guess.
  • You won’t remember truly strong passwords, so write them down. If you lose your list of passwords and must have them more readily available, computer software can help. A password manager is an option as long as you choose one that’s encrypted and secure. Many password managers will even recommend extremely strong passwords for you.

• Use Two-Step Authentication Where Available – In the event that one of your passwords gets compromised, one more layer of protection that can protect you is two-step authentication. Set it up on every site that offers it, so that when you log in, you have to complete a second step to verify it’s actually you by letting the site send you a text message, email or automated phone call. If you get a message asking for verification that you didn’t initiate, change your password for that website immediately.

• Be a Savvy Online Shopper – Data shows that 96% of Americans shop online. It’s easy, convenient, and offers a selection no physical store can match. It’s also a risk to your finances if you let the sites where you shop save your payment information.
  • Resist the urge to click the box that saves your payment info for next time, no matter how convenient it seems. If the site’s data gets breached—and this is something that has happened many times to retailers big and small—your credit card number can be exposed. Spend the extra few minutes it takes to enter your payment information each time you make a purchase. And be sure to only buy from trustworthy online stores that have secure connections designated with the “HTTPS” prefix in their URLs.

• Delete Tracking Cookies – Many sites, especially retail sites, deposit cookies in your browser to let the website recognize you so that you don’t have to log in each time. Unfortunately, many also track your other activity online. You can look in your browser’s settings to easily delete any or all of them. It has now become imperative to also opt-out of Google FloC.

• Don’t Use Smart Home Products – Google Home, Alexa, and Siri listen all the time so they can respond when you trigger them. If you want to lock down privacy in your home or on your devices, don’t use these products at all. But if you’ve come to rely on them, you still might want to change your settings to keep them from recording everything you say to them.

• • Many people don’t realize how much information is stored by these devices. Google stopped recording and saving interactions by default a couple of years ago, but if you have an older device you might need to change your settings. Siri doesn’t allow you to opt-out of being recorded, though the recordings are not connected to you. If you use Alexa, check out amazon.com to delete its recordings.

• • The privacy issues that come up with smart home devices go even beyond sound recordings. If you use smart appliances, from thermostats to light bulbs, every time something turns on or off that information is captured and transmitted to a server, adding to the cache of information about you. Avoid these devices, or look deep into the settings and policies of each one so you’re aware of exactly what’s being recorded.

• Do the Best You Can to Stay Secure – To keep your information as secure as possible, remember that every device you use that has access to the internet, and every site you use, is a potential vulnerability. Don’t put anything on your computer, your phone, or the internet in general that you want to keep private. Be aware of common scams, and avoid them. Use a privacy search engine like DuckDuckGo. Download this Digital Citizenship Toolkit from Microsoft.com as it has a lot of tips on this subject for you. Finally, examine the settings of all your devices and apps to see what’s tracked and collected, and adjust them to a level you’re comfortable with.

If you follow these steps to protect your Digital Privacy, you’ll greatly reduce the risk that your private information will end up in someone else’s hands.

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