Qof kastaa wuxuu leeyahay fikrad ah waxa VR ( xaqiiqda dhabta ah^{(virtual reality)} ), laakiin waa inaadeerkii AR ( xaqiiqda la kordhiyay^{(augmented reality)} ) aad ayey uga yar tahay caan. Hase yeeshee, waxay u badan tahay in AR ay noqon doonto tignoolajiyada caadiga ah ee ka badan VR mustaqbalka.

Haddaba, waa maxay AR iyo sidee xaqiiqada la kordhiyey u shaqeysaa? Labadan su'aalood ayaan kaaga jawaabi doonaa hadda.

AR, VR iyo MR Marka la barbardhigo

Xaqiiqda la kordhiyey waa hal tignoolajiyada qoyska tignoolajiyada. Waxa ku soo biiray xaqiiqada dhabta ah iyo xaqiiqada isku dhafan sida waxa hadda loo yaqaan "XR" ama xaqiiqada la dheereeyey^{(extended reality)} . Xaqiiqada la dheereeyey waxa ay tilmaamaysaa dhammaan noocyada tignoolajiyada wax-ka-beddelka ah, laga bilaabo adduunyada dhabta ah, ilaa is-dhexgalka buuxda ee u dhexeeya tan dhabta ah iyo tan dhabta ah. Xariiqda u dhaxaysa saddexdan dhibcood ee spectrum ma aha mid cad oo go'an, laakiin qeexitaannada aasaasiga ah ayaa sidan oo kale ah:

• Xaqiiqada dhabta ah waxay gabi ahaanba kugu quusinaysaa aduunyada casriga ah, iyadoo badasha waxaad aragto oo aad maqasho
• Xaqiiqda la kordhiyey waxay dulsaartaa macluumaadka dhijitaalka ah waxaad ku aragto nolosha dhabta ah
• Xaqiiqada isku dhafan waxay ku biirtaa dhawaaqyada dhijitaalka ah iyo sawirka gebi ahaanba adduunka dhabta ah.

Xariiqda kala qaybisa ee u dhaxaysa AR iyo MR ayaa ah kan ugu wareersan dhammaan. Tusaale ahaan, muujinta kor u kaca ee gaadhiga ama koofiyadda mootada gudaheeda farsamo ahaan waxay u qalantaa xaqiiqo la kordhiyey. Mar labaad, inta badan waxa lagu calaamadiyay xaqiiqo la kordhiyay maalmahan ayaa dhab ahaantii si adag ugu jira qaybta dhabta ah ee isku dhafan ee spectrum. Sidan oo kale, maqaalkan, waxaan ku dari doonaa xaqiiqo isku dhafan oo qayb ka ah doodda.

Sumadeeyaha-ku-saleysan, Calaamad- la'aanta^(Markerless) iyo Goobta-ku-saleysan AR

Codsiyada dhabta ah ee la kordhiyey inta badan waxay u baahan yihiin hab lagu dareemo aduunka ka baxsan, si ay u jirto meel tixraac ah oo lagu sameeyo muuqaal iyo maqal. Waxaa jira saddex hab oo tan:

• Calaamadeeyaha ku salaysan AR waxay isticmaashaa shay horay loo sii qeexay oo ku jira aduunka dhabta ah oo u sawiraa waxa ku jira AR
• Calaamad la'aanta AR^{(Markerless AR)} waxay u isticmaali kartaa walxaha aan sharciga ahayn ee adduunka dhabta ah sidii dhibcaha barroosinka ah, ama uma baahna in gabi ahaanba la xidho.
• Goobta ku saleysan AR waxaa kiciyay isticmaaluhu isagoo jooga meel gaar ah, sida goobo kala duwan oo ku yaal beerta xayawaanka ama matxafka

Tijaabooyin badan oo AR hore ah ayaa u baahan calaamado. Tusaale ahaan, ciyaaraha sida Isha Xukunka^{(The Eye of Judgement)} waxay adeegsadeen kamarad ku dheggan Playstation 3 si ay nolosha ugu keento kaararka ciyaaraha. Waxa kale oo aad arki doontaa AR-ku-salaysan calaamad oo wata walxo ay ka mid yihiin boodhadhka filimada, ama koodka QR ee buugaagta.

Horumarka dhabta ah ee tignoolajiyada AR/MR waxay ka timaadaa habab aan calaamad lahayn, kuwaas oo u qalma doodahooda faahfaahsan.

AR iyo MR Tiknoolajiyada Dabagalka

Haddii aad siiso nidaamka kombayutarka khariidad sax ah oo sax ah oo meel bannaan ah sida qol, waxaad samayn kartaa garaafyada loo qoondeeyey meeshaas. Ka dhigista in ay u muuqato in walxahaas farsamada gacanta ay ka jiraan adduunka dhabta ah.

Marka hore, habka ugu muhiimsan ee horumariyayaashu ay isku dayeen in ay ku gaadhaan fikradda dhabta ah ee aan calaamadaynta lahayn waxay ahayd in la dhexgeliyo dareemayaasha casriga ah ee qalabka sida casriga ah. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah hababka laysarka ee iskaankaya walxaha iyo sagxadaha, kamaradaha stereoscopic, dareemayaasha infrared, sonar iyo in ka badan. 

Tusaalaha xusida mudan ee habkan waxa uu ahaa Google Project Tango . Qalabka dhabta ah ee la kordhiyey kaas oo soo galay dhowr taleefan iyo tablets. Tignoolajiyada lagu sameeyay mashaariicda sida Tango waxay muhiim u ahaayeen AR-da aan maanta isticmaalno, laakiin kharashka iyo kakanaanta aaladahan gaarka ah waxay noqdeen dhimashadooda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kombiyuutarada Apple ayaa laga yaabaa inay wax ku sameeyeen^{(Apple computers might have had something to do with it)} .

Mobile AR iyo MR Technology

Intii ay Google ka shaqaynaysay Tango , Apple waxa ay soo ridday bam qaab ARkit ah . Madal kombuyuutar oo abuuri karta waayo-aragnimo dhab ah oo aan calaamad lahayn, la kordhiyo oo joogto ah oo isku dhafan iyadoo la adeegsanayo wax aan ka badnayn kamaradaha caadiga ah ee iPhones iyo iPads jira .

Waad ku mahadsan tahay algorithms aragga mashiinka casriga ah, horumarinta app-ka IOS waxay si fudud ugu dhisi karaan shaqeynta AR barnaamijkooda. Tani waxay ka dhigtay habka khaaska ah ee qalabaynta Mashruuca Tango^{(Project Tango)} inuu si wax ku ool ah u duugoobi habeen.

Google ayaa ugu dambeyntii kaga jawaabtay ARCore API , kaas oo u ogolaanaya horumarinta app-ka Android inay ku sameeyaan wax ka badan ama ka yar wax la mid ah sida ay awoodaan on iOS isticmaalaya ARKit . Labadan kheyraad ee barnaamij-sameeyaha ayaa abuuray saldhig xasiloon oo la isku halayn karo oo xaqiiqada la kordhiyey ee mobilada si ay u galaan guud ahaan. Tani waxay hoos u dhigtay bartii isticmaalayaasha iyo horumarinta labadaba.

AR iyo MR Qalabka Hardware

In kasta oo ARKit iyo ARCore ay labaduba ka dhigayaan tayada AR ee suurtogalka ah wax ku saabsan taleefan kasta oo casri ah, taasi macnaheedu maaha fikradda qalabaynta la kordhiyey ama qalabka dhabta ah ee isku dhafan waa dhintay. 

Ugu horreyntii^(First) , taleefannada hadda waxay la imaanayaan dareemayaal ka dhigaya AR mid wanaagsan. Moodooyinka Apple ee ugu dambeeyay ee iPad Pro waxay ku ciyaaraan dareeraha LiDAR . Tani waa isla tignoolajiyada-dareenka 3D ee ay adeegsadaan robot-yada iyo baabuurta iswada. Malaha iPhones mustaqbalka ayaa sidoo kale heli doona noocan cusub ee tignoolajiyada la yareeyey.

Dhawr madax-madaxeedka dhabta ah ee dhabta ah ayaa hadda isticmaala kamaradaha madaxa ku rakiban si ay ula socdaan iyo waliba codsiyada dhabta ah ee isku dhafan. Windows Mixed Reality headsets si cad ayaa loogu talagalay ujeedadan. Waxaa sidoo kale jira warar xan ah oo joogto ah oo ku saabsan madaxa madaxa AR ee Apple , oo loo maleynayo hadafka ugu dambeeya ee horumarinta ARKit , tignoolajiyada ^(ARKit)LiDAR iyo helitaanka shirkado badan oo takhasus leh AR.

Waxaan sidoo kale haysanaa madax-madaxeed-sare oo AR ah oo horeba u jiray, sida Magic Leap-ka oo aad loo daahay^{(much-delayed Magic Leap)} iyo Microsoft Hololens . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qalabkan cajiibka ah ayaa leh qiimo qiimo leh halkaas oo haddii ay tahay inaad weydiiso inta, waxay u badan tahay inay aad u badan tahay. Hadda, madax-madaxeedyadaas waxaa loogu talagalay ganacsiga iyo xaaladaha waxbarashada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaad hubaal ka dhigi kartaa in noocyada macaamiishu ay suuqa u soo geli doonaan ugu dambeyntii, si la mid ah sidii ay ku sameeyeen VR-dhamaadka sare.

Apps Xaqiiqda La Kordhiyey ee Cajiibka ah^{(Awesome Augmented Reality Apps)} Waxaad isku dayi kartaa Hadda

Xaqiiqda dhabta ah ee cajiibka ah ee ku saabsan korodhka-iyo xaqiiqada-isku-dhafka ah ayaa ah inaadan kaliya ahayn inaad wax ka akhrido. Inta badan akhristayaashayada waxay heli karaan taleefan casriga ah ama tablet-ka, taas oo macnaheedu yahay inaad u gudbi karto dukaamada apps-yadaada oo aad isku daydo hadda!

Haddi aad ku jirto gacanta iPhone ama Android , waxaanu kuu soo jeedinaynaa inaad marka hore isku daydo Pokemon Go . Qaadashadan balwadda leh ee qaaciddada Pokemon waxay ku haysaa inaad ku dhex lugayso adduunka dhabta ah oo aad la kulanto Pokemon duurjoogta ah, oo ay tahay inaad qabato. Dhaleeceeyayaashan quruxda badan waxaa lagu saadaaliyay adduunka dhabta ah iyadoo la adeegsanayo xaqiiqo la kordhiyay. Markaa waxaad mooddaa inay meeshaada joogaan.

Ikea Place waa codsi nadiif ah oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad aragto sida alaabta Ikea ee aad isha ku haysaa ay dhab ahaantii u ekaan doonaan gurigaaga. Codsi waxtar leh oo run ah oo AR ah!

On iOS, MeasureKit waa utility AR ah oo la bixiyo kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad si dhakhso leh u go'aamiso cabbirrada walxaha adduunka dhabta ah. In ka badan on Android , waxaad ka heli kartaa qalab la mid ah, Cabbir^(Measure) , lacag la'aan ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, looma baahna in wax la qiyaaso mar dambe!

Kordhi Noloshaada!

Mustaqbalka xaqiiqada la kordhiyay ayaa laga yaabaa inay aad uga muhiimsan tahay sida aan u maleyneyno. Haddii aaladaha AR-da madaxa ku rakiban ay noqdaan kuwo yaryar oo soo saari kara sawir tayo ku filan leh, waxay bedeli karaan nooc kasta oo bandhig ah oo jira. Bal qiyaas adduun aan telefishannada ama kombuyuutarrada aan hadda loo baahnayn, sababtoo ah muraayadaha AR-gaaga ee gaarka ah waxay si fudud u dejin karaan TV-ga casriga ah ee gidaarka.

Muddada fog, tignoolajiyada dhabta ah ee la kordhiyey waxay meesha ka saari kartaa baahida lagu qurxiyo gurigaaga ama in shirkaduhu dhejiyaan boodhadhka ama walxaha kale ee muuqaalka jirka ah ee adduunka. Adduun la awoodi karo, tignoolajiyada horumarsan ee AR ayaa laga yaabaa inay si aad ah uga duwan tahay tan aan maanta naqaanno!

HDG Explains : How Does Augmented Reality Work?

Everyonе has some idea of what VR (virtual reality) is, but it’s cousin AR (augmented reality) is much less famous. Yet, it’s likely that AR will be a much more commonplace technology than VR in the future.

So, what is AR and how does augmented reality work? We’ll answer both of these questions for you right now.

AR, VR and MR Compared

Augmented reality is one technology in a family of technologies. It’s joined by virtual reality and mixed reality as what’s now known as “XR” or extended reality. Extended reality refers to the entire spectrum of reality-altering technologies, from fully-virtual worlds, to full integration between the real and the virtual. The dividing line between these three points on the spectrum isn’t clear cut, but the basic definitions go something like this:

• Virtual reality completely immerses you in a virtual world, replacing what you see and hear
• Augmented reality overlays digital information over what you see in real life
• Mixed reality integrates digital sounds and imagery completely with the real world.

The dividing line between AR and MR is the fuzziest of all. For example, a heads up display in a car or inside a motorcycle helmet technically qualifies as augmented reality. Then again, most of what’s labeled as augmented reality these days is actually firmly in the mixed reality part of the spectrum. As such, in this article, we’ll be including mixed reality as part of the discussion.

Marker-based, Markerless and Location-based AR

Augmented reality applications usually need some way to sense the outside world, so that there’s a reference point to render visuals and audio. There are three approaches to this:

• Marker-based AR uses a predefined object in the real world and maps the AR content to it
• Markerless AR can use arbitrary objects in the real world as anchor points, or doesn’t need to be anchored at all.
• Location-based AR is triggered by the user being in a specific place,such as various locations in a zoo or museum

Plenty of early AR experiments need markers. For example, games such as The Eye of Judgement used a camera attached to the Playstation 3 to bring life to paper playing cards. You’d also see marker-based AR with objects such as movie posters, or QR codes in books.

The real advancement in AR/MR technology comes from markerless methods, which deserve their own more detailed discussion.

AR and MR Tracking Technologies

If you give a computer system an accurate, real-time map of a space such as a room, you can render graphics mapped to that space. Making it appear as if those virtual objects exist in the real world.

At first, the main way developers tried to achieve the ideal of markerless augmented reality was to integrate sophisticated sensors into devices like smartphones. These include laser systems that scan objects and surfaces, stereoscopic cameras, infrared sensors, sonar and more. 

A notable example of this approach was Google’s Project Tango. An augmented reality hardware platform that made its way into several phones and tablets. The technologies developed in projects like Tango were crucial to the AR we use today, but the expense and complexity of these specialized devices turned out to be their demise. However, Apple computers might have had something to do with it.

Mobile AR and MR Technology

While Google was working on Tango, Apple dropped a bombshell in the form of ARkit. A software platform which could create markerless, persistent augmented and mixed reality experiences using nothing more than the standard cameras on existing iPhones and iPads.

Thanks to sophisticated machine vision algorithms, iOS app developers could easily build AR functionality into their software. This rendered the specialized hardware approach of Project Tango effectively obsolete overnight.

Google did eventually respond with the ARCore API, which allows Android app developers to do more or less the same thing as they can on iOS using ARKit. Both of these programmer resources have created a stable and reliable base for mobile augmented reality to enter the mainstream. This lowered the bar for both users and developers.

AR and MR Hardware Products

Though ARKit and ARCore both make quality AR possible on just about any modern smartphone, that doesn’t mean the idea of dedicated augmented- or mixed-reality hardware is dead. 

First of all, phones are now coming with sensors that make AR better. Apple’s latest iPad Pro models sport a LiDAR sensor. This is the same 3D-sensing technology that robots and self-driving cars use. Presumably future iPhones will also get this new miniaturized version of the technology.

Several virtual reality headsets now use head-mounted cameras for tracking and also for mixed reality applications. Windows Mixed Reality headsets are explicitly designed for this purpose. There are also persistent rumours of an AR headset from Apple, supposedly the final goal of their ARKit development, LiDAR technology and acquisition of many AR specialist companies.

We also have high-end AR headsets that already exist, such as the much-delayed Magic Leap and the Microsoft Hololens. However, these impressive devices have a price tag where if you have to ask how much, it’s probably too much. For now, those headsets are aimed at enterprise and educational contexts. However, you can be certain that consumer-grade versions will come to market eventually, just as they did with high-end VR.

Awesome Augmented Reality Apps You Can Try Right Now

The really wonderful thing about augmented- and mixed- reality is that you don’t just have to read about it. Most of our readers have access to a smartphone or tablet, which means you can head over to your respective apps stores and try them right now!

Whether you’re on an iPhone or Android handset, we suggest you try Pokemon Go first. This addictive take on the Pokemon formula has you trekking through the real world and encountering wild pokemon, which you must then catch. These cute critters are projected into the real world world using augmented reality. So it feels like they’re present in your space.

Ikea Place is a neat application that lets you see what that Ikea furniture you’ve been eyeing will actually look like in your home. A genuinely useful application of AR!

On iOS, MeasureKit is a paid AR utility that lets you quickly determine the dimensions of objects in the real world. Over on Android you can get a similar tool, Measure, for free. Either way, no need to guesstimate things any more!

Augment Your Life!

The future of augmented reality may be much more important than we think. If head-mounted AR devices become small enough and can produce imagery with enough quality, they could replace every other display type that exists. Imagine a world where televisions or computer monitors are no longer needed, because your personal AR glasses can simply project a virtual TV on the wall.

In the long term, augmented reality technology could remove the need to decorate your home or for companies to put billboards or other physical visual material in the world. A world with affordable, advanced AR technology may very well look very different to the one we know today!

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