Bandwidth waa erey caan ku ah xisaabinta iyo isku xidhka adduunka. Inta badan waa la istcimaalaa, dhab ahaantii, in ay fududahay in la iloobo in dadka qaarkiis aysan fahmin waxa ay ka dhigan tahay. 

Raadinta degdega ah ee Google ee "waa maxay bandwidth" waxay soo saari doontaa laba qeexitaan oo kala duwan oo ka mid ah qaamuuska, midkoodna sax maaha^{(neither of which is correct)} . Maqaalkani wuxuu sharxi doonaa waxa bandwidth yahay, sida loo cabbiro, iyo inta aad u baahan tahay hawlo kala duwan.

Waa maxay Bandwidth?^{(What Is Bandwidth?)}

Bandwidth waxaa lagu qeexaa inay tahay tirada ugu badan ee xogta ee lagu gudbin karo xiriir la cayimay gudaha waqti cayiman.

Qeexitaan waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu tixraaco soo dejinta iyo xawaaraha soo dejinta ee uu bixiyo adeeg bixiyaha internetka, ama ISP . Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxay tixraaci kartaa nooc kasta oo xiriir ah, oo ay ku jiraan Ethernet , USB , HDMI , iyo in ka badan.

Tusaale ahaan, Ethernet waxa loo kala qaybiyaa qaybo kala duwan oo fiilada ah: 3, 5, 5e, 6, iyo 6a inta badan. Hoos^(Below) waxaa ku yaal liiska qaybta fiilada iyo baaxadda baaxadda aragtida ugu badan.

• Cat3: 10 megabits ilbiriqsikii
• Cat5: 100 megabits ilbiriqsikii
• Cat5e: 1000 megabits ilbiriqsikii
• Cat6: 10 gigabits ilbiriqsikii
• Cat6a: 10 gigabits ilbiriqsikii

Wax muhiim ah in la xuso ayaa ah in bandwidth uusan tixraacin xawaaraha^{(does not refer to speed)} . Waxay tilmaamaysaa awoodda xogta, gaar ahaan laga bilaabo hal dhibic (ama qanjirada) ee shabakadda ilaa mid kale. Haddii aad rabto inaad cabbirto xawaaraha wareejinta xogta, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad hubiso daahitaanka shabakadda (badanaa loo yaqaan ping).

Sidee Loo Cabbiraa Bandwidth?^{(How Is Bandwidth Measured?)}

Bandwidth -ka waxaa lagu qiyaasaa inta bits halkii ilbiriqsi ee wareejinta shabakada. Si kastaba ha noqotee, si aad tan u fahamto, waa inaad marka hore fahamtaa waxa xoogaa ah.

"bit" waa unugga macluumaadka aasaasiga ah ee kombiyuutarka. Eraygu waa qaab la soo gaabiyay oo nambar laba-jibaaran ah; Si kale haddii loo dhigo, a 1 ama 0. Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad taqaan ereyga "byte." Haddii aad isku darsato siddeed qaybood, waxaad samaynaysaa hal byte.

Horumarka laga sameeyay xisaabinta iyo tignoolajiyada shabkada daraaddood, tirada bits ee lagu wareejiyay shabakad aad ayay u korodhay. Maalmihii hore ee isku xidhka (iyo dhawaanahan dabayaaqadii 90aadkii ilaa horraantii 2000aadkii), xadhkaha xadhkaha goosadka waxa lagu qiyaasi karaa inta kun ee bits ilbiriqsikii, ama kilobits. 

Hadda bandwidth inta badan waxaa lagu qiyaasaa malaayiin bits ilbiriqsikii, ama megabits. Haddii aad ku nooshahay aag leh xawaarihiisa isku xirka ka wanaagsan, waxaad xitaa arki kartaa gigabit isku xirka, ama balaayiin bits ilbiriqsikii.

Ka fakar xiriirka sida gabal tuubo. Biyo aad u badan ayaa mari kara tuubadaas wakhti kasta, iyo marka aad gaadho xadiga ugu badan ee biyaha, suurtogal maaha in aad mar dambe ku xidhato tuubada. Waxaad u baahan tahay tuubo leh dhexroor weyn. Taasi waa fikrad la mid ah kordhinta xadhkaha xadhkaha goosashada iyada oo loo marayo hababka isku xirka wanaagsan, sida khadadka fiber optic. 

Taasi waxay tidhi, xidhiidhada fiber optic (ama fiber ) ma isticmaalaan dhexroor weyn, laakiin habka ugu wanaagsan ee wareejinta xogta. Xadhkaha naxaasta ee asalka ahaa waxay xogta ku wareejiyeen garaaca korantada. Xidhiidhada Fiber^(Fiber) optic waxay xogta ku wareejiyaan garaaca iftiinka.

Marka la eego ISP kaaga , waxa laga yaabaa inaad bixiso isku xidhka 100 Mbps laakiin waxa aad helaysaa kaliya 75 Mbps . Waxa qorshahaagu tilmaamayo waa xadiga ugu badnaan ee xajmiyeedka aad heli karto, laakiin tani way kala duwanaan kartaa iyadoo ku xidhan wakhtiga maalinta, heerkulka, xaaladaha cimilada, iyo wax ka badan. 

Waxay u badan tahay inaad aragto xawaarihiisa hoose 6 PM marka ay dad badani guriga joogaan marka loo eego 3 subaxnimo marka dadka badankiisu hurdaan (sidaa darteed guud ahaan isticmaalka internetku wuu hooseeyaa).

Immisa Bandwidth ayaad u baahan tahay?^{(How Much Bandwidth Do You Need?)}

Shuruudaha bandwidth^(Bandwidth) waxay si aad ah uga duwan yihiin qof ilaa qof. Qofka si toos ah u baahiya waxyaabaha tooska ah sida gameplay ama fiidiyowyada tilmaamaha ayaa u baahan doona bandwidth aad uga badan kan qofka kaliya ee baadha Facebook shaqada kadib. 

Si loo go'aamiyo inta bandwidth aad u baahan tahay, jebi caadooyinkaaga isticmaalka internetka.

• Miyaad ciyaareysaa ciyaaro badan oo khadka ah?
• Ma baahiso wax badan oo muuqaal ah?
• Ma u gudbisaa faylal waaweyn si joogto ah?

Haddii aad "haa" ugu jawaabtay mid ka mid ah su'aalaha kore, markaa shuruudaha xajmiyeedkaaga ayaa xoogaa ka sarreeya celceliska. Mahadsanid, way fududahay in la ogaado xadhkaha xadhkaha goosashada ee hadda. Ookla waa mid ka mid ah shirkadaha tijaabinta xawaaraha ugu horreeya ee jira. Booqashada degdega ah ee boggooda waxay^{( site)} ku siin doontaa daahitaankaaga hadda, soo dejinta, iyo xawaaraha soo dejinta.

Fiiro gaar ah: Xawaaruhu waa ka hooseeyaa Wi-Fi marka loo eego isku xirka adag sida Ethernet, iyadoo ku xiran nooca kaarka Wi-Fi ee laptop-kaaga ama PC-gaaga. Natiijooyinka kor ku xusan waxay ka yimaadeen laptop-ka ku xiran Wi-Fi, halkaas oo desktop-ka ku yaal xiriirka Ethernet uu si joogto ah u arko 5x xawaarahaas.^{(Note: Speeds may be lower on Wi-Fi than on a hardwired connection like Ethernet, depending on the type of Wi-Fi card in your laptop or PC. The above results are from a laptop connected through Wi-Fi, where a desktop on an Ethernet connection regular sees 5x these speeds.)}

Marka loo eego warbixinta 2018 ee NCTA^{( 2018 report from the NCTA)} , celceliska xawaaraha Maraykanku waa 93.98 megabits halkii ilbiriqsi, ku dhawaad ​​labanlaab celceliska celceliska caalamiga ah ee 46.25 megabits halkii labaad. 

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, celceliska xawaraha waxaa laga yaabaa inuusan noqon wax aad hadda gaari karto sababtoo ah goobta juqraafi. Meelo badan oo miyi ah, ISP^(ISPs) -yada kaliya ee la heli karo ayaa bixiya xawaaraha ugu badnaan ee 3 megabits ilbiriqsikii.

Si aad u socodsiiso Netflix , waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad soo dejiso xawaaraha meel u dhaxaysa 5 Mbps muuqaal muuqaal sare ah iyo 25 Mbps ee xallinta 4K. Haddii aad rabto inaad ku shubto ciyaaraha fiidiyowga ee Twitch , waxaad u baahan doontaa xawaaraha soo dejinta ugu yaraan 3 Mbps , laakiin sare u kaca oo aad ku guuleysan karto, tayada wanaagsan ee socodkaagu wuxuu noqon doonaa. 

Xusuusnow^(Remember) in xawaaruhu uu tobaneeyo si uu u ahaado meel ku dhow 1/10 xawaraha soo dejinta, markaa 3 Mbps waxay u badan tahay inay lahaan doonto xawaaraha soo dejinta ee 30 Mbps ama ka badan.

Haddii aad rabto inaad daawato fiidyowga marmarka ah ee Facebook ama aad dhageysato muusig, shuruudaha xajmiyeedkaaga aad ayey uga hooseeyaan. Si kastaba ha noqotee, bandwidth sare wuxuu keenaa khibrad wax barasho oo wanaagsan oo dhan.

Haddii aad isku aragto in aad niyad jabsan tahay wakhtiga ay qaadanayso in aad wax ka samayso khadka, waxa ay la macno tahay in aad u baahan tahay xajmiyeed ka badan inta aad hadda haysato. Haddi ay arintu sidan tahay, baadh ISP^(ISPs) -yada deegaankaaga oo ogow ikhtiyaarada aad heli karto.  

HDG Explains : What Is Bandwidth?

Bandwidth is a common term in the computing and networking world. It’s used sо often, in fact, that it’s easy to forget that some people don’t actually understand what it means. 

A quick Google search for “what is bandwidth” will turn up two different definitions from the dictionary, neither of which is correct. This article will explain what bandwidth is, how it is measured, and how much you need for different tasks.

What Is Bandwidth?

Bandwidth is defined as the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted through a specified connection within a specified period of time.

This definition is most often used to refer to download and upload speeds given by an internet service provider, or ISP. However, it can refer to any type of connection, including Ethernet, USB, HDMI, and more.

For example, Ethernet is broken down into different categories of cable: 3, 5, 5e, 6, and 6a most commonly. Below is a list of the category of cable and its maximum theoretical bandwidth.

• Cat3: 10 megabits per second
• Cat5: 100 megabits per second
• Cat5e: 1000 megabits per second
• Cat6: 10 gigabits per second
• Cat6a: 10 gigabits per second

Something important to note is that bandwidth does not refer to speed. It refers to data capacity, specifically from one point (or node) in the network to another. If you want to measure the speed of the data transfer, you will want to check the network’s latency (often called ping).

How Is Bandwidth Measured?

Bandwidth is measured by how many bits per second transfer over the network. However, to understand this, you must first understand what a bit is.

A “bit” is the most basic unit of information in a computer. The term is a shortened form of binary digit; in other words, a 1 or 0. You might also know the word “byte.” If you combine eight bits, you make one byte.

Due to advancements in computing and network technology, the number of bits transferred over a network has increased dramatically. In the early days of networking (and as recently as the late 90s to early 2000s), bandwidth could be measured in how many thousands of bits per second, or kilobits. 

Now bandwidth is most often measured in millions of bits per second, or megabits. If you live in an area with better connection speeds, you might even see gigabit connections, or billions of bits per second.

Think of a connection like a piece of pipe. Only so much water can travel through that pipe at any given time, and once you reach the maximum amount of water, it’s impossible to fit any more into the pipe. You need a pipe with a larger diameter. That’s the same concept as increasing bandwidth through better connection methods, such as fiber optic lines. 

That said, fiber optic (or fiber) connections do not actually utilize a larger diameter, but a better method of transferring data. The original copper wires transferred data through electrical pulses. Fiber optic connections transfer data through pulses of light.

With regard to your ISP, you might pay for a 100 Mbps connection but receive only 75 Mbps. What your plan refers to is the maximum amount of bandwidth available to you, but this can vary depending on time of day, temperature, weather conditions, and more. 

You are likely to see lower speeds at 6 PM when more people are home than you might at 3 AM when most people are asleep (and thus overall internet usage is lower).

How Much Bandwidth Do You Need?

Bandwidth requirements differ wildly from person to person. Someone who streams live content such as gameplay or instructional videos will require far more bandwidth than someone that only browses Facebook after work. 

To determine how much bandwidth you need, break down your internet usage habits.

• Do you play a lot of online games?
• Do you stream a lot of video content?
• Do you transfer large files on a regular basis?

If you answered “yes” to any of the above questions, then your bandwidth requirements are a bit above average. Thankfully, it’s easy to discover your current bandwidth. Ookla is one of the foremost speed testing companies out there. A quick visit to their site will give you your current latency, download, and upload speed.

Note: Speeds may be lower on Wi-Fi than on a hardwired connection like Ethernet, depending on the type of Wi-Fi card in your laptop or PC. The above results are from a laptop connected through Wi-Fi, where a desktop on an Ethernet connection regular sees 5x these speeds.

According to a 2018 report from the NCTA, the average US download speed is 93.98 megabits per second, nearly double the global average speed of 46.25 megabits per second. 

However, the average speed might not be something you can currently reach due to geographic location. In many rural areas, the only available ISPs provide a maximum download speed of 3 megabits per second.

To stream Netflix, you will want download speeds somewhere between 5 Mbps for high-definition video and 25 Mbps for 4K resolution. If you want to stream video games on Twitch, you will want an upload speed of at least 3 Mbps, but the higher you can achieve, the better quality your stream will be. 

Remember that upload speeds ten to be somewhere around 1/10 the download speed, so 3 Mbps will likely have a download speed of 30 Mbps or more.

If you only want to watch the occasional Facebook video or listen to music, your bandwidth requirements are much lower. However, higher bandwidth results in a better browsing experience all around.

If you find yourself frustrated at the time it takes to do something online, it might mean you need more bandwidth than you currently have. If this is the case, research your local ISPs and find out what options are available to you.  

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