Weligaa^(Did) ma ku aragtay ereyga BIOS oo ka soo muuqda shaashaddaada markaad kombayutarka bilaabayso? Mise maqlay dadku waxay ka hadlayaan wax ka beddelka BIOS ? Laakin markaas dib uma arki kartid mana maqlin wax ku saabsan. 

Markaa BIOS waa shay, laakiin waligeen runtii ma aragno sababtoo ah waxay ku taal Motherboard-ka, kaas oo ah sabuuradda wareegga ugu weyn ee gudaha kumbuyuutarkaaga. Waa maxay BIOS iyo sababta aan ugu baahanahay?

Waa maxay BIOS?^{(What Is BIOS?)}

BIOS waa bilowga B asic I nput/ O utput S ystem waana sababta aan ugu yeerno BIOS -ka . Waa barnaamij si joogto ah ugu kaydsan chip-ka kumbiyuutarka. Barnaamijyada sida joogtada ah ugu kaydsan chip-ka waxaa loo tixraacaa firmware. 

BIOS waa barnaamijka ugu horeeya ee la ordo marka kombayutarka la shido. Waxa uu shaqeeyaa xitaa ka hor o o^(o) perrating system (^(s) OS) sida Windows ama iOS. Marka aynu nidhaahno kombuyuutar, waxaa ku jira server-yada, PC-yada, Mac^(Macs) -yada , casriga, iyo tablet-yada. Waxay noqon kartaa wax ku saabsan qalab kasta oo sidaas oo kale ah.

Maxay Qabtaa BIOS?^{(What Does BIOS Do?)}

Hadafka guud ee BIOS waa in la helo wax kasta oo kombiyuutarka ku jira oo diyaar u ah inay shaqeeyaan si OS-ga loo bilaabo. Marka hore^(First) , waxay hubisaa dhammaan qalabka kumbiyuutarka ku jira si ay u hubiso inuu jiro, inuu shaqeynayo, iyo inuu heli karo barnaamijyada darawallada ee ay u baahan yihiin inay ku shaqeeyaan. Tan waxa loo yaqaan P ower- O n S elf T est (POST). 

BIOS waxay ka helaysaa macluumaadka ku saabsan sida tan loo sameeyo E xtended S ystem C onfiguration D ata (ESCD). ESCD waxa lagu kaydiyaa N on- ^(N)V olatile R andom A ccess M emory ( NVRAM ). Waxaa laga yaabaa inay jiraan farqi u dhexeeya sida tan loo dejiyo iyadoo ku xiran qaabka iyo qaabka kumbuyuutarka.

BIOS ayaa markaa u sheega kombayutarka meesha laga raadinayo OS-ka. Haddii OS uu jiro oo uu shaqeeyo, kombuyuutarku wuu dhammeeyaa bilawga waxaanan ku raaxaysan karnaa sixirka xisaabinta casriga ah.

Haddi aan ka shaqayno jikada, BIOS waxa ay ahaan lahayd cunto kariyihii udiyaargaraw ee shidi jiray shooladda, akhriya menu-ka maalinta, diyaariya maaddooyinka oo diyaariya meesha. OS-ku waa cunto karinta soo booda, soo qabata maaddooyinka, aadaya kariyaha, oo sameeya sixirkooda. 

Xagee lagu kaydiyaa BIOS?^{(Where Is BIOS Stored?)}

Firmware - ka BIOS wuxuu ku dul nool yahay chip loo yaqaan C omplementary M etal O xide S emiconductor ( CMOS ). CMOS - ku waa nooc aan isbeddelayn oo ah xusuusta wax-akhrinta-kaliya, sidaa awgeed BIOS firmware-ku halkaas ayuu si joogto ah ugu sii jiraa. Hababka ay isticmaasho si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa la tirtiri karaa. 

Taasi waa sababta uu Motherboard-ka kombayutarka ugu jiro baytari nooca saacadaha ah. Batarigu wuxuu ilaaliyaa wareegga inuu shaqeeyo 24/7 si habayntu ay halkaas u joogaan. 

Xusuusnow tan! Baytariyadaasi waxay ku fiican yihiin kaliya 3-5 sano. Waxay ku saabsan tahay $5 baytari ah. Haddii aan waqti yar qaadanno si aan u barano sida loo galo BIOS oo aan u habeyno, markaa waxaan badbaadin karnaa nafteena ugu yaraan $ 80 oo aan geyno dukaanka kombuyuutarka.

Sideen u gali karaa BIOS?^{(How Do I Access BIOS?)}

Jawaabta fudud ayaa ah in marka aan bilowno kumbuyuutarka waxaan u baahanahay inaan riixno furaha, ama furayaasha isku dhafka ah, ka hor intaysan bilaabin OS-ga ugu weyn. Ugu badnaan, waxaa jiri kara daaqad 10-ilbiriqsi ah oo u dhaxaysa bilaabista kombiyuutarka iyo OS-ka oo la wareegaya. Waa arrin aad u dhib badan.

Qaybta adag ee jawaabtu waa furaha, ama isku darka furaha ee loo baahan yahay. Way ku kala duwanaan kartaa noocyada iyo noocyada aaladaha. Waxaa jira furayaal si qurux badan u waafaqay sumad kasta. Waa kuwan:

• Kombiyuutarrada Acer – F10
• Asus Computers - F2
• Kombiyuutarada Dell - F12 ama F2
• Kombiyuutarrada HP - F10
• Kombiyuutarada Lenovo - F1^{(Lenovo Computers – F1)} ama Fn + F2 ama Geli^(Enter) ka dibna F1
• Mac – Riix^{(Mac – Press)} oo hay CMD + OPT + F + O
• Dusha sare ee Microsoft – Ku qabo^{(Microsoft Surface – Hold)} badhanka mugga korka gudaha
• Kombiyuutarrada Samsung - F2
• Kombiyuutarrada Toshiba – F2

Ma geli doono sida loogu galo BIOS -ka aaladaha mobilada. Kala duwanaanshuhu aad buu u weyn yahay in halkan lagu taxo. Way fiicnaan lahayd in laga baadho mareegaha aalad kasta oo gaar ah.

Sideen wax badan uga baran karaa BIOS?^{(How Can I Learn More About BIOS?)}

Waanu daboolnay. Guud ahaan mareegahayaga waxaad ka heli doontaa maqaallo ku saabsan sida loo helo nooca BIOS ee kumbiyuutarkaagu leeyahay^{(how to find the version of BIOS your computer has)} , ogow haddii BIOS-gaagu u baahan yahay in la casriyeeyo^{(figure out if your BIOS needs updating)} , iyo sida loo galo BIOS oo u beddelo nidaamka bootka^{(how to access the BIOS and change the boot order)} . 

Waxaan xitaa ku tusineynaa sida loo soo ceshado erayga sirta ah si aad u gasho BIOS^{(how to recover the password to access the BIOS)} , haddii uu mid lahaa. BIOS waa shay yar laakiin awood badan!

HDG Explains: What is the BIOS?

Dіd you ever see thе word BIOS pop up on your screen when starting your computer? Or heard people talk about changing things іn the BIOS? But then you never see or hear about it again. 

So BIOS is a thing, but we never really see it because it’s located on the motherboard, which is the main circuit board inside your computer. What is BIOS and why do we need it?

What Is BIOS?

BIOS is an initialization of Basic Input/Output System and that’s why we just call it the BIOS. It is a program that is permanently stored on a chip in a computer. Programs that are permanently stored on a chip are referred to as firmware. 

BIOS is the first program run when a computer is turned on. It runs even before the operating system (OS) like Windows or iOS. When we say computer, that includes servers, PCs, Macs, smartphones, and tablets. It could be just about any device like that.

What Does BIOS Do?

The overall goal of the BIOS is to get everything in the computer ready to work so that the OS can be started. First, it checks all the hardware in the computer to make sure it is there, that it works, and that it has access to the driver programs they need to run. This is called the Power-On Self Test (POST). 

BIOS gets the information on how to do this from Extended System Configuration Data (ESCD). The ESCD is stored on Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM). There may be some differences in how this is set up depending on the make and model of the computer.

The BIOS then tells the computer where to look for the OS. If the OS is there and working, then the computer finishes starting and we can enjoy the magic of modern computing.

If we worked in a kitchen, BIOS would be the prep cook that turns on the stove, reads the menu for the day, gets the ingredients ready and laid out mise en place. The OS is the chef that jumps in, grabs the ingredients, goes to the stove, and does their magic. 

Where Is BIOS Stored?

The BIOS firmware resides on a chip called a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). The CMOS is a non-volatile type of read-only memory, so the BIOS firmware stays on there permanently. The settings that it uses however, can be wiped out. 

That’s why there’s a watch-style battery on the motherboard of the computer. The battery keeps the circuit working 24/7 so the settings stay there. 

Remember this! Those batteries are only good for 3-5 years. It’s about a $5 battery. If we take a little time to learn how to access the BIOS and configure it, then we can save ourselves at least $80 taking it to a computer shop.

How Do I Access BIOS?

The simple answer is that when we start the computer we need to press a key, or combination of keys, before the main OS boots. At most, there might be a 10-second window between starting the computer and the OS taking over. It’s a bit tricky that way.

The complex part of the answer is the key, or key combination needed. It can vary between brands and models of devices. There are some keys that are pretty consistent among each brand. Here they are:

• Acer Computers – F10
• Asus Computers – F2
• Dell Computers – F12 or F2
• HP Computers – F10
• Lenovo Computers – F1 or Fn + F2 or Enter then F1
• Mac – Press and hold CMD + OPT + F + O
• Microsoft Surface – Hold the volume up button in
• Samsung Computers – F2
• Toshiba Computers – F2

We won’t go into how to access BIOS on mobile devices. The variety is far too great to list here. It would be better to search it out on the web for each specific device.

How Can I Learn More About BIOS?

We have it covered. Across our sites you’ll find articles about how to find the version of BIOS your computer has, figure out if your BIOS needs updating, and how to access the BIOS and change the boot order. 

We even show you how to recover the password to access the BIOS, if it had one. The BIOS is a small but powerful thing!

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