Ethernet waa heerka caadiga ah ee isku xirka fiilooyinka ee shabakadaha kombiyuutarada. Aaladaha isticmaalaya isku xirka Ethernet waxay isticmaalaan nooc gaar ah oo fiilada korantada ah ee qalloocan si ay ugu xidhmaan, u diraan ugana helaan xogta aaladaha kale ee shabakadaha, iyo sidoo kale helitaanka shabakadaha ballaaran sida internetka.

Adigoo isticmaalaya isku xirka Ethernet , waxaad isku xiri kartaa laba qalab^{(connect two devices together)} , ama waxaad samayn kartaa shabakad aag maxalli ah oo^{(local area network)} leh qalabyo badan. Kuwani waxay u baahan yihiin router ama qalabka beddelka si ay ugu oggolaadaan aaladaha ku xiran inay la xiriiraan midba midka kale. Aan wax yar ka sii sahamno heerka Ethernet -ka, sidoo kale aan is barbar dhigno oo barbar dhigno WiFi .

Heerarka Ethernet ee kala duwan

Waa maxay Ethernet ? Halbeegga Ethernet waxa uu u kobcay si uu ula qabsado baahiyaha is-beddelka ah ee shabakadaha kombuyuutarrada casriga ah tan iyo markii ugu horreysay ee la sameeyay 198-tii. Machadka Injineerada Korontada ^(Electrical)iyo^(Institute) Elektrooniga ayaa^{(Electronics Engineers)} soo saara jaangooyooyinkan, iyadoo hoos timaad dallada IEEE 802.3 .

Halbeeg kasta oo cusub oo Ethernet ah, ha ahaado mid yar ama isbeddel weyn, wuxuu helayaa tixraac kood kordhin cusub si loo aqoonsado. Mid ka mid ah siidooyinkii ugu dambeeyay ee caadiga ahaa, 802.3bt, ayaa wax ka qabtay kordhinta wax soo saarka tamarta ee ay heli karaan aaladaha Power-over-Ethernet ee^(Ethernet) isku xirka Ethernet, tusaale ahaan.

Tani waxay sidoo kale ka muuqataa, nooca fiilooyinka aad u baahan tahay inaad u isticmaasho shabakadda Ethernet . Cat-5 Ethernet fiilooyinka, tusaale ahaan, kaliya waxay ogolaataa isku xidhka ilaa 100Mbits (megabits), halka fiilada Cat-6 ay taageerto ilaa 10Gbits (gigabits).

Xadhkaha kala duwan ee Ethernet -ku waa kuwo gadaal-dabacsan, taasoo la macno ah inay wada shaqeeyaan. Shabakadaha isticmaalaya isku dhafka heerarka fiilooyinka Ethernet waxay awoodi doonaan oo kaliya inay gudbiyaan oo helaan xogta xadka sare ee fiilada ugu hooseeya, si kastaba ha ahaatee.

Tani sidoo kale waa run ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan kala duwanaanshaha heerarka Ethernet . Aaladaha isticmaalaya heerka Fast Ethernet (oo awood u leh ^{(Fast Ethernet)}100Mbits^(Ethernet) xawaaraha) guud ahaan waxay ku xidhi doonaan aaladaha isticmaalaya heerka Gigabit (1Gbits iyo ka sare) tusaale ahaan.

Ethernet vs WiFi

Sida magacaba ka muuqata, isku xirka bilaa-waayirka (ama WiFi ) waxa ay bixiyaan beddelka fiilo-beelka ee fiilooyinka, xidhiidhada Ethernet . Labada habba waxay bixiyaan faa'iidooyin iyo faa'iidooyin u gaar ah oo ka duwan kan kale.

Ethernet guud ahaan waxay leedahay faa'iido xawli ah oo ku saabsan isku xirka WiFi^{(generally has a speed advantage over WiFi connections)} , iyadoo xawaaraha ugu badan uu u dhaxeeyo 10Mbits (megabits) ilaa 100Gbits (gigabits) la heli karo. Shabakadaha caadiga ah ee WiFi aad ayay u gaabis u yihiin, iyada oo ay weheliso hoos u dhac ku yimaadda calaamadaha raadiyaha kale iyo caqabadaha dhimaya xawaaraha iyo tayada shabakad kasta oo wireless ah.

Marka la eego macnaha guud ee WiFi , caqabadaha ayaa ah kuwo jireed — darbiyada iyo walxaha kale ayaa xannibi kara ama hoos u dhigaya calaamadaha WiFi ee u dhexeeya aaladda iyo router-ka shabakadda. Naqshad ahaan, tani dhib kuma aha isku xirka Ethernet fiilooyinka , adigoo u maleynaya inaad haysato meel bannaan oo aad ku dhejiso fiilooyinka Ethernet . Iyadoo ay suurtagal tahay in kor loo qaado calaamadaha WiFi^{(boost WiFi signals)} , isku xirka Ethernet wuxuu baabi'iyaa gebi ahaanba dhibaatada.

Nabadgelyadu sidoo kale waxay dhibaato ku tahay shabakadaha WiFi . Shabakadaha WiFi^(WiFi) waxaa lagu jebin karaa si aad uga sahlan marka loo eego shabakadda Ethernet-kaliya, halkaas oo aad u baahan lahayd galaangal jireed si aad awood ugu yeelato inaad jebiso shabakadda. Waxaad sugi kartaa WiFi^{(secure your WiFi)} -gaaga si uu kaaga caawiyo dhimista khatartan, inkasta oo aanad gabi ahaanba baabi'in karin.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira hal dhinac oo weyn oo dhanka Ethernet vs WiFi ah. Xidhiidhka fiilo la'aanta^(Wireless) ee shabakadaha ayaa u oggolaatay aaladaha mobilada inay noqdaan suurtagal wax ku ool ah dhowrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay, xawaaraha ganacsiga iyo amniga la qaadi karo iyo cabbirka.

Shabakadaha ugu fiican waa kuwa u isticmaala isku-darka isku xirka Ethernet ee aaladaha taagan sida PC-yada iyo server-yada, iyo isku xirka WiFi ee yar yar, aaladaha mobilada. Tani waxay khusaysaa shabakadaha guriga, iyo sidoo kale kuwa goobta ganacsiga ku jira.

Xaddidaadaha Ethernet

Waxa jira xaddidaadyo xaddidan heerka Ethernet -ka oo ay tahay in la aqoonsado, gaar ahaan haddii aad raadinayso inaad dhisto shabakad isticmaalaya fiilooyinka Ethernet .

Sida aan si kooban u soo sheegnay, Ethernet had iyo jeer ma aha xalka ugu waxtarka badan. Qalabka la qaadi karo sida laptops-yada, xaaladaha qaarkood, waxay bixiyaan isku-xirnaanta Ethernet si loogu oggolaado isku-xirnaanta fiilooyinka, laakiin taasi waxay u baahan tahay kaabayaasha si ay u jiraan si ay u awoodaan inay isticmaalaan.

Taas macnaheedu waa fiilooyinka la dhigo, laga qariyo muuqaalka, iyada oo loo marayo derbiyada iyo caqabadaha kale ee jirka. Haddii fiiladani ay xumaato ama si khaldan u dhacdo rakibid xumo, isku xirka shabakadu wuu guuldareysan doonaa.

Isla sidaas oo kale ayaa dhici karta haddii fiilada Ethernet ay si liidata uga gaashaanto faragelinta elektromagnetic, gaar ahaan fiilooyinka jaban iyo fiilooyinka Cat-5 ee da'da ah. Isticmaalka fiilooyinka la qiimeeyay, oo ay ku jiraan fiilooyinka Cat-6, ayaa kaa caawin kara inaad ka gudubto dhibaatadan.

Mid ka mid ah xaddidaadaha ugu weyn, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa dhererka fiilooyinka. Inta uu sii dheeraado fiilada Ethernet -ka, waa uu sii yaraanayaa, waxaana sii kordha faragelinta uu la kulmo. Tani waa sababta dhererka ugu badan ee la ansixiyay ee fiilooyinka Ethernet ee la xaqiijiyay uu yahay 100 mitir. 

Xadhkaha dhaadheer ayaa aragti ahaan shaqayn kara, laakiin tayada isku xidhka waxay u badan tahay in ay dhibi doonto natiijada.

Isticmaalka Beddelka ah ee Ethernet

Fiilada Ethernet^(Ethernet) waa mid dabacsan waxaana loo isticmaali karaa ujeedooyin kale oo dhaafsiisan diritaanka iyo helitaanka xogta.

Mid ka mid ah isticmaalka waa in la siiyo awoodda noocyada qalabka qaarkood, sida Voice-over-IP ( VOIP ) telefoonada iyo IP kamaradaha, iyadoo la isticmaalayo Power over Ethernet ( PoE ). Tani waxay kuu ogolaaneysaa inaad dirto oo aad hesho xogta adigoo sidoo kale helaya koronto hal fiilo ah. 

Korontada ka sarreysa isku xirka Ethernet^(Ethernet) ( PoE ) waxay inta badan u baahan yihiin qalab dheeraad ah si ay ugu shaqeeyaan, sida iskuxiran shabakad karti u leh PoE .

Isticmaalka kale ee suurtogalka ah ee Ethernet , gaar ahaan qalabka warbaahinta, waa HDMI oo ka sarreeya Ethernet^(Ethernet) . In kasta oo beddele gaar ah loo baahan yahay, HDMI oo ka sarreysa Ethernet waxay kuu oggolaaneysaa inaad si weyn u kordhiso masaafada u dhexeysa cayaartoyga warbaahinta iyo qalabka wax soo saarka sida TV-ga, halkaasoo fiilooyinka caadiga ah ee HDMI ay ku xaddidan yihiin 15 mitir.

Ugu dambeyntii, fiilooyinka USB waxaa lagu kordhin karaa iyada oo la adeegsanayo beddelaha USB -to-Ethernet. Marka la eego xadka fiilada USB- gu waa qiyaastii 3 ilaa 5 mitir, tani waa hab kale oo lagu xiro aaladaha (sida kamarada USB ) masaafo ka weyn halka isku xirnaanta caadiga ah ay tahay mid aan macquul ahayn ama aan macquul ahayn.

Ethernet: Weli waa ku habboon yahay

Ethernet weli waa laf-dhabarta taageerta shabakadaha casriga ah ee maxaliga ah iyo kuwa ballaaran, oo hadhsan habka ugu dhaqsiyaha badan uguna kalsoonida badan ee xiriirka ka dhexeeya aaladaha shabakadaha kombiyuutarada. Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu caawiyo kordhinta kala duwanaanta qalabka kale ee wax soo saarka, sida HDMI , iyo sidoo kale in la siiyo awood qalabka isticmaalaya Power over Ethernet .

Haddii aad rabto inaad ku xidho qalabkaaga adigoo isticmaalaya xidhiidh fiilo ah, laakiin ay ka maqan tahay meel bannaan ama awoodda aad ku dhejiso fiilooyinka Ethernet , waxaad tixgelin kartaa inaad isticmaasho qalabka ^(Ethernet)Ethernet oo leh adapters koronto^{(powerline adapters)} .

HDG Explains: What Is Ethernet & Is It Better Than Wifi?

Ethernet is the common standard for wired connections to computer nеtworks. Devices using an Ethernet connеction make use of a specific tуpe of twisted electrical cable to connect with, sеnd and receive data with other networked devices, as well as gain access to wider networks like the internet.

Using an Ethernet connection, you can connect two devices together, or create a local area network with multiple devices. These require a router or switch device to allow the connected devices to communicate with each other. Let’s explore the Ethernet standard a little further, as well as compare and contrast it to WiFi.

Different Ethernet Standards

What is Ethernet? The Ethernet standard has evolved to cope with the changing demands of modern computer networks since it was first developed in the 1980s. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers produce these standards, under the umbrella reference of IEEE 802.3.

Each new Ethernet standard, whether it’s a minor or major change, gains a new incremental code reference to identify it. One of the more recent standard releases, 802.3bt, dealt with increasing the power output available to Power-over-Ethernet devices over Ethernet connections, for instance.

This is reflected, too, in the type of cabling you’d need to use for an Ethernet network. Cat-5 Ethernet cabling, for instance, only allows for connections up to speeds of 100Mbits (megabits), while Cat-6 cabling supports up to 10Gbits (gigabits).

Different Ethernet cables are backward-compatible, meaning they should work with each other. Networks using a mix of Ethernet cabling standards will only be able to transmit and receive data at the upper limit of the lowest-rated cable, however.

This is also true for almost all variations of Ethernet standards. Devices using the Fast Ethernet standard (capable of 100Mbits speeds) will generally connect with devices using the Gigabit (1Gbits and higher) Ethernet standard, for instance.

Ethernet vs WiFi

As the name suggests, wireless (or WiFi) connections offer a wireless alternative to wired, Ethernet connections. Both methods offer their own distinct advantages and disadvantages over the other.

Ethernet generally has a speed advantage over WiFi connections, with maximum speeds ranging from 10Mbits (megabits) to 100Gbits (gigabits) available. Typical WiFi networks are much slower, with the added downside of disruption from other radio signals and obstacles reducing the speed and quality of any wireless network.

In the context of WiFi, obstacles are physical—walls and other objects can block or degrade WiFi signals between a device and a network router. By design, this isn’t a problem for wired Ethernet connections, assuming you have the space to lay Ethernet cabling. While it is possible to boost WiFi signals, an Ethernet connection does away with the problem entirely.

Security is also a problem for WiFi networks. WiFi networks can be breached with far more ease than an Ethernet-only network, where you would need physical access to be able to breach the network. You can secure your WiFi to help reduce this risk, although you can’t eliminate it entirely.

There is one huge downside to Ethernet vs WiFi, however. Wireless connectivity to networks has allowed mobile devices to become a practical possibility over the last few decades, trading speed and security for portability and size.

The best networks are those that use a combination of Ethernet connections for static devices like PCs and servers, and secure WiFi connections for smaller, mobile devices. This applies to networks in the home, as well as those in a business setting.

Ethernet Limitations

There are some limitations to the Ethernet standard that must be recognized, especially if you’re looking to build a network using Ethernet cabling.

As we briefly mentioned, Ethernet isn’t always the most practical solution. Portable devices like laptops do, in some cases, offer Ethernet connectivity to allow for wired networking, but that requires the infrastructure to be in place to be able to use it.

That means cables being laid, hidden from view, through walls and other physical obstacles. If this cabling becomes damaged or misshapen through poor installation, the network connection will fail.

The same can happen if an Ethernet cable is poorly shielded from electromagnetic interference, especially in cheaper cabling and in older Cat-5 cables. Using higher rated cabling, including Cat-6 cables, can help to overcome this problem.

One of the biggest limitations, however, is cabling length. The longer an Ethernet cable is, the slower it becomes, and the greater the amount of interference it encounters. This is why the maximum approved length for certified Ethernet cables is 100 meters. 

Longer cables could theoretically work, but the quality of the connection will likely suffer as a result.

Alternative Uses for Ethernet

Ethernet cabling is quite flexible and can be used for other purposes beyond simply sending and receiving data.

One use is to provide power to certain types of devices, like Voice-over-IP (VOIP) phones and IP cameras, using Power over Ethernet (PoE). This allows you to send and receive data while also receiving power over a single cable. 

Power over Ethernet (PoE) connections usually require additional equipment to operate, like a PoE-capable network switch.

Another potential use for Ethernet, especially in media setups, is HDMI over Ethernet. While a special convertor is usually required, HDMI over Ethernet allows you to vastly increase the distance between a media player and an output device like a TV, where typical HDMI cabling is otherwise limited to around 15 meters.

Finally, USB cabling can be extended using a USB-to-Ethernet converter. Given the USB cabling limit is around 3 to 5 meters, this is another way to connect devices (like a USB camera) over a larger distance where typical connectivity is impractical or impossible.

Ethernet: Still Relevant

Ethernet is still the backbone that underpins modern local and wide area networks, remaining the fastest and most reliable method of communication between devices on computer networks. It can also be used to help extend the range of other output devices, like HDMI, as well as provide power to devices using Power over Ethernet.

If you want to connect your devices using a wired connection, but lack the space or capacity to lay Ethernet cabling, you could consider using Ethernet devices with powerline adapters instead.

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