"Serfarkii waa go'ay!"

"Ma geli karo server-ka."

"Serer-yadu waa ay awoodaan."

Kuwani waa noocyada weedho aan maqalno maalin kasta marka la isticmaalayo internetka, laakiin waa maxay "server". Waa mid ka mid ah ereyada uu qof kastaa isticmaalo, laakiin dad yar ayaa runtii wax faahfaahin ah ka yaqaan. 

Waxaa jirta fursad wanaagsan oo aad ku heshay maqaalkan adiga oo ku qoraya "What is a server?" galay mashiinka raadinta. Wax laga xishoodo maaha! Waa aqoon lagama maarmaan ah in isticmaale kasta oo internet ah uu ogaado oo waxaad ku dhowdahay inaad halkan ka hesho dhammaan macluumaadka muhiimka ah.

Xaqiiq ahaan waxa uu yahay Internetku

Si aad u fahamto waxa uu yahay server-ku, waa in aad marka hore fahantaa waxa uu yahay intarneetka (ama shabakad kasta oo kombiyuutar ah) Dadka intooda badan internetku waa sida koronto oo kale. Waxa aad gidaarka gelisaa fiilo, internetkuna wuu ka soo baxayaa. Sida dadka intooda badan aysan u aqoonin shaqada gudaha ee xarun koronto, dadka intooda badan ma fahmaan sida^{(how )} ay u shaqeeyaan adeegyada intarneedka sida boggaga internetka, baahinta fiidiyowga ama iimaylka.

Fikradda dhab ahaantii waa mid aad u fudud. Intarneedku si fudud waa kombiyuutaro ay ku wada xidhan yihiin qalabka isgaadhsiinta, sida router-yada iyo fiilooyinka shabakadaha.

Mar kasta oo aad gasho bogga internetka, daawato muqaal ama iimayl dirto, waxa jira kombuyuutar kale meel aduunka ka mid ah kaas oo siinaya waxa ku jira ama u dhaqmaya sidii u dhexeeya si uu kaaga caawiyo inaad la xidhiidho qof kale.

Waa maxay Server vs macmiilka

Kumbiyuutarradan, kuwa bixiya ADEEGYADA^(SERVices) , waa waxa aan guud ahaan u tixraacno "servers". Kombiyuutarada hela adeegyadaas waxaa loo yaqaan "macmiil". Bal eeg? Waa fikrad fudud oo qurux badan. Adeegayaashu waxay u adeegaan macluumaadka iyo adeegyada macaamiisha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taasi wax badan noogama sheegayso server-yada laftooda. Kaliya maxay yihiin dhab ahaan?

Servers-ku waa Kombuyuutar kaliya

Kumbiyuutar kasta wuxuu noqon karaa server. Kumbuyuutarka gurigaagu wuxuu noqon karaa server. Inkasta oo adeeg bixiyahaaga intarneetka ay u badan tahay inuu mamnuuco ku-dhaqanka is-diiwaangelinta intarneedka guriga. Ma aha oo kaliya kombuyuutarrada desktop-ka caadiga ah sidoo kale. Kumbiyuutar kasta oo ku xiran shabakadu wuxuu u dhaqmi karaa sidii server, macmiil ama labadaba. 

Halkii laga noqon lahaa sharaxaad qalab gaar ah, fikradaha "macmiilka" iyo "server" waxay tilmaamayaan doorarka ay kombayuutarku ku leeyihiin shabakada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad leedahay kamarad ammaanka IP ah, kuwaas waxay wataan software server ah oo lagu rakibay kombayutarkiisa yar ee guntanka ah. Markaad gasho kamarada, waxaad gelaysaa server-ka ku siinaya qulqulka fiidyaha.

 Taas oo la yiraahdo, kombiyuutar kasta kuma habboona inuu u dhaqmo server ahaan. Haddaba inta badan marka ereyga “server” la isticmaalo, waxa loola jeedaa kombuyuutarrada khaaska ah ee laga dhisay xagga hoose si ay si gaar ah ugu shaqeeyaan server-ka. 

Hardware Server waa Khaas

Haddii aad ku dhiirato inaad gasho qolka server-ka caadiga ah ee shirkadda martigelinaysa mareegta, waxaad arki lahayd safaf iyo safaf armaajooyin ah. Gudaha armaajooyinkan, waxaad ku arki doontaa kaydad seerfarada oo is dulsaaran. Sida ka muuqata sawirkan.

Mid kasta oo ka mid ah khaanadahan, waxa aad ka heli doontaa Motherboard-ka heerka server-ka ah, RAM , CPU iyo kaydinta. Mabda 'ahaan, kuwani waa qaybo la mid ah kuwa kombiyuutarkaaga. Marka laga reebo, server-yada gudahooda aad bay uga awood badan yihiin, la isku halayn karo oo tamar hufan leh. Ka dib oo dhan, kombuyuutarradani waxay shaqeeyaan 24/7, iyagoo u adeegaya malaayiin codsiyo ah macaamiisha maalin kasta.

Tani waa sababta qalabka server-ku uu aad uga qaalisan yahay walxaha aad ka hesho kombuyuutarka macaamiisha. Daqiiqad kasta^(Every) server-ku xumaado waxa laga yaabaa inay keento khasaare kumanaan doolar ah. Markaa waxa mudan in la bixiyo khidmad si loo hubiyo in adeegyada intarneedka ee laga hadlayo ay sii jiraan.

Halkan kuma geli doono tafaasiil qoto dheer, laakiin qalabka server-ku wuxuu u taagan yahay siyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee soo socda:

• Motherboard-yada Server-ku waxay taageeraan xaddi badan oo RAM ah^(RAM) . Terabytes wuxuu u qalmaa xaalado badan!
• Motherboard-yada Server^(Server) -ku waxay inta badan leeyihiin saldhigyada CPU ee badan^(CPU)
• CPU-yada Server-yada^{(Server CPUs)} waxay u muuqdaan inay leeyihiin koofiyado badan oo CPU ah iyo xaddi badan oo kayd ah
• RAM Server-^{(Server RAM)} ka badiyaa waa nooc khalad ah oo gaar ah si loo xaqiijiyo xasilloonida
• Waxaa laga yaabaa in sahayda^(Server) korontadu ay noqoto mid aan badnayn, isla markiiba waxay u wareegaysaa kayd haddii qaybta ugu weyni ay fashilanto

Seerfarrada rack sidoo kale ma laha kiiboodhka, jiirarka, shaashadaha ama kuwa ku hadla. Taa beddelkeeda, waxaa laga geliyaa shabakadda iyada oo loo marayo khadka taliska ama iyadoo la adeegsanayo codsi desktop fog ah. In kasta oo ay inta badan haystaan ​​dekedo loo baahan yahay si ay ugu xidhaan qaybahaas haddii loo baahdo.

Adeegayaasha maxaliga ah

Seerfar "maxalli ah" waa mid ka shaqeeya shabakada gurigaaga, halkii uu ka ahaan lahaa meel "ka baxsan" internetka. 

Waxaa jirta fursad wanaagsan inaad haysato nooc ka mid ah codsiyada serverka oo ku shaqeeya mid ka mid ah kombiyuutarada guriga oo aadan xitaa garanayn. Kaamirada IP-ga ee kor ku xusan ee software-ku-xidhan ayaa ah hal tusaale, laakiin waxaa jira codsiyo kale oo ku shaqeeya nidaamyada desktop-ka iyo laptop-yada caadiga ah kuwaas oo sidoo kale ku habboon biilka. 

Tusaale ahaan, arjiga caanka ah ee Plex wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa server-ka warbaahinta mashiinka deegaankaaga. Tani waa sida Netflix oo kale oo ku socota shabakadaada deegaanka. Caliber^(Calibre) wuxuu u shaqeeyaa sidii faylal maxalli ah oo loogu talagalay buugaagta ebooks iyo, dabcan, aaladaha kaydinta ku xiran shabakada sidoo kale waa nooc ka mid ah server-yada maxalliga ah. Sidaa darteed, sida aad arki karto, server-yadu waa meel kasta. Xataa gurigaaga!

Noocyada Server-ka Caadiga ah

Iyadoo dhammaan adeegayaashu ay leeyihiin shaqo guud oo isku mid ah, waxaa jira noocyo-hoosaadyo cadcad oo server ah oo ku takhasusay hawlo kala duwan.

Adeegayaasha mareegaha^{(Web servers)(Web servers)} ayaa si cajiib ah u caan ah. Mareegta aad akhrinayso wakhtigan xaadirka ah waxa kuu soo diray adeegaha shabakadda. Barowsarkaaga shabakadu waxa uu u shaqeeyaa sidii macmiilka oo waxa uu ka codsadaa xogta mareegaha serverka. Kadib waxay helaysaa HTML -ka ( Hypertext Markup Language ) koodhka bogga oo waxay ku dhejinaysaa shaashaddaada. Halkaa waxa ay ka gashaa indhahaaga oo macluumaadkani hadda waxa uu ku yaalaa madaxaaga. nadiif^(Neat) ah, sax?

Adeegayaasha faylalka waxay^{(File servers)(File servers)} isticmaalaan heerka FTP ama File Transfer Protocol halkii ay ka isticmaali lahaayeen HTML oo ay u jiraan inay ka raraan faylalka darawaladooda adag una guuraan kaaga.

Adeegayaasha iimaylka ayaa^{(Email servers)(Email servers)} gacanta ku haya dirida iyo helida fariimaha iimaylka. Asal ahaan^(Basically) waa xafiiska boostada elektarooniga ah.

Liiska ayaa socda. Waxaa jira adeegayaal xaqiijiya faahfaahinta gelitaanka, adeegayaasha u dhaqma sidii wakiil u dhexeeya kombuyuutarrada shirkadda iyo internetka, server-yada qulqulka warbaahinta ee shirkadaha sida Netflix iyo in ka badan. Maadaama adeegyo badan oo internet ah la ikhtiraacay, waxaan filan karnaa noocyo cusub oo ah hardware-ka gaarka ah ee server-ka iyo software inay yimaadaan marka uu wakhtigu sii socdo.

"Mainframe" vs "server"

Hal dhibic kama dambaysta ah ee jaahwareerka ayaa ah faraqa u dhexeeya kombuyuutarka "mainframe" iyo serverka. Iyadoo server-ku asal ahaan ka yahay kombuyuutar desktop ah oo kor loo qaaday, muraayadaha waaweyni waa gebi ahaanba bahal kala duwan.

Kumbiyuutarradani aad iyo aad bay uga awood badan yihiin hardware-ka server-ka. Xoogga saarista isku halaynta iyo awooda farsamaynta firaaqada ayaa aad u sareysa waxaana kombuyuutaradan inta badan loo isticmaalaa shaqooyinka muhiimka ah.

Bangiyada internetka^(Online) ayaa ah hal tusaale oo laga yaabo in meheradaha waaweyni ay yihiin doorasho ka wanaagsan. Gaar ahaan maadaama kombuyuutarrada aasaasiga ah loo dhisay si ay u dhex maraan "ganacsi" badan intii suurtagal ah. Kumbuyuutaradani waxay inta badan le'eg yihiin cabbirka talaajad weyn. Badanaa, waxay u weyn yihiin sida toban adeegayaal rack ku rakiban.

Ma laguu adeegayaa?

Waxaan rajeyneynaa in rabitaankaaga ku saabsan waxa ay yihiin server-yada kumbuyuutarka ayaa hadda la dhimay. Kuwani waa kaliya aasaaska dabcan, laakiin hadda ugu yaraan waad ogtahay halka ay memes ka imaanayaan ka hor intaysan gaarin shaashaddaada!

HDG Explains : What Is a Computer Server?

“The server is down!”

“I can’t log into the server.”

“The servers are at capacity.”

These are the sorts of phrases we hear on a daily basis when using the internet, but what exactly is a “server”. It’s one of those terms that everyone uses, but few people really know any details about. 

There’s a good chance you found this article by typing “What is a server?” into a search engine. It’s nothing to be ashamed of! It’s an essential piece of knowledge any internet user should know and you’re about to get all the essential info right here.

What the Internet ACTUALLY Is

To understand what a server is, you must first understand what the internet (or any computer network) is. For most people the internet is like electricity. You plug a cable into the wall and the internet comes out of it. Just as most people don’t know the inner workings of a power station, most people don’t really understand how those internet services such as web pages, video streaming or email work.

The concept is actually pretty simple. The internet is simply a collection of computers connected together by communications hardware, such as routers and network cables.

Whenever you access a web page, watch a video or send an email, there’s another computer somewhere in the world that’s providing the content or acting as the go-between to help you communicate with someone else.

What Is a Server vs a Client

These computers, the ones providing the SERVices, are what we generally refer to as “servers”. The computers that receive those services are called “clients”. See? It’s a pretty simple concept. Servers serve content and services to clients. However, that doesn’t tell us much about the servers themselves. Just what are they exactly?

Servers are Just Computers

Any computer can be a server. Your home computer can be a server. Although your internet service provider probably prohibits the practice on home internet subscriptions. It’s not just traditional desktop computers either. Any network-connected computer can act as a server, client or both. 

Rather than being a description of a specific device, the concepts of “client” and “server” describe roles that computers have on a network. For example, if you have an IP security camera, those have server software installed on its tiny embedded computer. When you access the camera, you’re logging into a server that provides you with a video stream.

 That being said, not every computer is suitable to act as a server. So often when the word “server” is used, it refers to specialized computers that are built from the ground up to act specifically as servers. 

Server Hardware is Special

If you were to venture into the typical server room of a website hosting company, you’d see rows and rows of cabinets. Inside these cabinets, you’d see racks of servers stacked on top of each other. As seen in this picture.

Inside each of these racks, you’ll find a special server-grade motherboard, RAM, CPU and storage. In principle, these are the same components as the ones in your computer. Except, inside servers they’re far more powerful, reliable and energy efficient. After all, these computers are working 24/7, serving millions of requests from clients every day.

This is why server hardware is much more expensive than the stuff you find in a consumer PC. Every minute a server is down may cause thousands of dollars in losses. So it’s worth paying a premium to ensure that the internet services in question remain available.

We won’t go into deep details here, but server hardware stands out in the following main ways:

• Server motherboards support large amounts of RAM. Terabytes worth in many cases!
• Server motherboards often have multiple CPU sockets
• Server CPUs tend to have many CPU cores and large amounts of cache
• Server RAM is usually of a special error-correcting type to ensure stability
• Server power supplies may be redundant, instantly switching over to a backup if the main unit fails

Rack servers also don’t have keyboards, mice, screens or speakers. Instead, they are accessed via the network through the command line or by using a remote desktop application. Although they usually do have the required ports to hook up these peripherals if needed.

Local Servers

A “local” server is one that runs on your local home network, rather than somewhere “out there” on the internet. 

There’s a good chance that you have some sort of server application running on one of your home computers and don’t even know it. The aforementioned IP camera embedded software is one example, but there are other applications that run on regular desktop and laptop systems that also fit the bill. 

For example, the popular Plex application runs a media server on your local machine. This is like Netflix running on your local network. Calibre acts as a local file server for ebooks and, of course, network-attached storage devices are also a sort of local network server. So, as you can see, servers are everywhere. Even in your home!

Common Server Types

While all servers have the same general job, there are clear subtypes of servers that specialize in different tasks.

Web servers are incredibly common. The website you are reading at this very moment was sent to you by a web server. Your web browser acts as the client and requests website data from the server. It then receives the HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) web page code and renders it to your screen. From there it enters your eyeballs and this information is now in your head. Neat, right?

File servers use the FTP or File Transfer Protocol standard rather than HTML and exist to move files from their own hard drives to yours.

Email servers handle the sending and receiving of email messages. Basically it’s an electronic post office.

The list goes on. There are servers that verify login details, servers that act as a proxy between company computers and the internet, media streaming servers at companies like Netflix and more. As more internet services are invented, we can expect new types of specialized server hardware and software to come along as time goes by.

“Mainframe” vs “Server”

One final point of confusion is the difference between a “mainframe” computer and a server. While a server is essentially a beefed-up desktop computer, mainframes are an entirely different beast.

These computers are much, much more powerful than server hardware. The emphasis on reliability and spare processing capacity is much higher and these computers are usually used for jobs that are mission critical.

Online banking is one example where mainframes may be a better choice. Especially since mainframe computers are built to zip through as many “transactions” as possible. These computers are usually about the size of a large fridge. Often, they’re as big as ten rack-mounted servers.

Are You Being Served?

Hopefully your curiosity about what computer servers are has now been abated. These are just the basics of course, but now at least you know where your memes are coming from before they reach your screen!

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