In muddo ah hadda, jaantuska xogta ee Excel ma noqon mid fudud oo keliya laakiin sidoo kale si toos ah ayaa loo sameeyay ilaa xad aad si fudud uga bixi karto xaashida faafinta oo aad aadi karto aag dhammaystiran, bar, khad, ama jaantus yar oo aan waqti lahayn iyada oo si fiican looga fikiray. jiirka gujis. Kadib markaad wax ka beddesho xogta ku jirta xaashidaada, Excel wuxuu si toos ah u sameeyaa isbeddello u dhigma jaantusyadaada iyo garaafyadaada.

Taasi kuma dhammaanayso sixirka jaantuska barnaamijka, in kastoo. Waxaad, tusaale ahaan, bedeli kartaa jaantuska ama nooca garaafyada, iyo sidoo kale wax ka beddelka nidaamyada midabka, aragtida (2D, 3D, iyo wixii la mid ah), dhidibka isdhaafsiga, iyo wax ka badan, wax ka badan.

Laakiin, dabcan, dhammaan waxay ka bilaabmaan xaashida faafinta.

Dhigista Xogtaada^{(Laying Out
Your Data)}

Inkasta oo Excel uu kuu ogolaado inaad u habayso xaashidaada siyaabo badan, marka aad xogta dejinayso, waxaad heli doontaa natiijooyinka ugu fiican ee la soo saaro si saf kastaa u matalo rikoodh iyo tiir kastaa wuxuu ka kooban yahay waxyaabo ama waxyaabo khuseeya safafka gaarka ah.

Huh ? Qaado xaashida faafinta soo socota, tusaale ahaan.

Tiirka bidix ee fog ayaa ka kooban liiska daabacayaasha laysarka. Marka laga reebo safka 1^{(Row 1)} , kaas oo haya calaamadaha tiirka, ama madax, saf kastaa wuxuu u taagan yahay daabace gaar ah, unug kasta oo xigana wuxuu hayaa xogta mashiinkaas gaarka ah.

Xaaladdan oo kale, unug kastaa wuxuu hayaa xogta xawaaraha daabacaadda: Tiirka B, inta ay qaadatay daabacaadda bogga koowaad ee shaqada daabacaadda; Tiirka C^{(Column C)} , intee ayay qaadatay in la daabaco dhammaan boggaga, oo uu ku jiro bogga koowaad; Tiirka D^{(Column D)} , intee ayay ku qaadatay in la jeexjeexo dukumeentiga oo dhan, iyada oo aan bogga ugu horreeya ka bixin.

In kasta oo kani yahay xaashi aasaasi ah oo xoogaa yar ah, si kasta oo xogtaadu u adag tahay, ku dhegganaanshaha qaabkan caadiga ah waxa ay caawisaa habsocodka habsocodka. Sida aad arki doonto soo socda, waxaad samayn kartaa khariidad unugyada qayb yar oo ka mid ah xaashida faafintaada ama shaxda oo dhan dukumeentiga, ama xaashida shaqada.

Shaxda caadiga ah ee Excel waxa ay ka kooban tahay dhawr qaybood oo kala duwan, sida ka muuqata sawirka hoose.

Jadwalka xogtaada^{(Charting Your
Data)}

Haddii aadan tan hore u samayn, waxaad u badan tahay inaad la yaabi doonto sida fudud ee Excel u sameeyo jaantusyada xaashiyahaaga. Sida ku xusan, waxaad samayn kartaa khariidad dhammaan xaashida shaqada, ama waxaad dooran kartaa koox tiirar iyo saf ah si aad jaantus u sameyso.

Waxaad dhahdaa^(Say) , tusaale ahaan, in xaashida shaqada ee aan ku shaqaynaynay qaybtii hore in aad rabtay in aad jaan-goyso oo keliya labada tiir ee hore ee xogta (Tiirarka B iyo C), adigoo ka tagaya tiirka D. Tani waxay keenaysaa hab fudud oo laba-tallaabo ah:

Dooro xogta aad rabto inaad jaantus ku sameyso, oo ay ku jiraan calaamadaha ku yaal tiirka bidix iyo madaxyada tiirarka aad rabto inaad ku darto jaantuskaaga, sida hoos ku cad.

Riix ALT+F1 .

Ama, si aad u sawirto xaashida xaashida oo dhan, raac tillaabooyinkan.

Dooro^(Select) dhammaan xogta ku jirta xaashida faafinta, sida ka muuqata sawirka sare ee hoose. Ha^{(Do not )} dooran dhammaan xaashida, sida ka muuqata sawirka labaad ee hoose - kaliya dooro unugyada xogta ku jira.

Riix ALT+F1 .

Excel wuxuu qabtaa shaqo weyn oo ah xulashada nooca jaantuska ku habboon xogtaada, laakiin haddii aad doorbideyso nooc ka duwan shaxda, sida, dheh, baararka jiifka ah, ama laga yaabee nidaam midab kale, laga yaabee xitaa qaabeynta 3D oo leh buuxinta gradient iyo asalka. , barnaamijku wuxuu ka dhigayaa dhammaan saamayntaas oo si fudud loo gaaro.

Beddelka Nooca Shaxda^{(Changing Chart
Type)}

Sida wax kasta oo kale oo ku jira Excel , waxaa jira dhowr siyaabood oo wax looga beddelo nooca jaantuskaaga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa ugu fudud waa in.

Dooro shaxda
On bar menu, guji Chart Design .
Shaxda Naqshadeynta Shaxda, dooro Beddel Nooca Shaxda^{( Change Chart Type)} .

Tani waxay furaysaa sanduuqa wada hadalka Nooca Chart Change^{(Change Chart Type)} , ee halkan ku yaal.

Sida aad arki karto, waxaa jira noocyo badan oo jaantus ah, oo gujinaya mid ka mid ah ayaa muujinaya kala duwanaansho dhowr ah oo ku yaal xagga sare ee sanduuqa wada hadalka.

Marka lagu daro beddelka noocyada jaantuska ee jaantuska Naqshadeynta^{(Chart Design)} , waxa kale oo aad samayn kartaa wax ka beddello kale oo dhowr ah, sida nidaamyada midabka, qaabaynta, ama dalbashada mid ka mid ah hababka jaantuska ee hore loo qorsheeyay. Qaababka^(Chart) jaantusku, dabcan, waxay la mid yihiin qaababka cutubka ee Microsoft Word . Sida MS Word , waxaad codsan kartaa mid ka mid ah qaababka tirada badan sida uu yahay, wax ka beddelka qaababka jira, ama waxaad abuuri kartaa mid kuu gaar ah.

Ku-darka iyo ka saarida Qodobbada Shaxda^{(Adding And Removing Chart Elements)}

Qaybaha jaantusku waa, dabcan, qaybaha kala duwan, sida ciwaanka, halyeyga, dhidibka X iyo Y, iyo wixii la mid ah kuwaas oo ka kooban shaxdaada. Waxaad ku dari kartaa oo ka saari kartaa walxahan adigoo gujinaya calaamadda lagu daray ee ka muuqata dhinaca midig ee jaantuska markaad doorato.

Qaybaha Jaantuska ^{(Chart Elements)}ee^{(Chart Styles)} hoos duulaya waa jaantusyada Qaababka u duulaya, kaas oo soo bandhigaya markaad gujiso calaamadda burushka rinjiga ee midig ee jaantuska.

Qaababka Jaantuska hoostooda waxaad ka heli doontaa Shaandhooyinka Shaxda^{( Chart Filters)} , kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad shido oo aad damiso (ama shaandhayso) qaybaha kala duwan ee jaantuskaaga, sida halkan ka muuqata:

Haddii kuwanu aysan ku filnayn xulashooyinka wax ka beddelka, waxaa jira qaar kale oo ku jira Aagga Qaabka Jaantuska^{(Format Chart Area)} dhanka midig ee xaashida shaqada kaas oo kuu oggolaanaya inaad beddesho dhammaan dhinacyada shaxdaaga, buuxinta iyo asalka ilaa khadadka, ilaa baararka 3D, jeexjeexyada, hooska hoos u dhaca - Waan sii socon karaa, oo sii socda. Laakiin waxaan hubaa in aad ka heli doonto waxa la heli karo.

Markaad gujiso Text Options , tusaale ahaan, waxaad helaysaa saameyno kale oo aad codsan karto qoraalka jaantusyadaada. Doorashooyinku waa kuwo aan xadidnayn, ilaa xad la'aanteed xaddidaad la'aan, waxaad abuuri kartaa jaantusyo muuqaal ah iyo garaafyo - adigoon xitaa isku dayin wax kasta oo adag, taas oo ii keenta hagida naqshadeynta muhiimka ah.

Sababtoo ah waxaad haysataa dhammaan qalabkan naqshadaynta ee cajiibka ah macnaheedu maaha inaad isticmaasho….ama, si fiican, maaha kuwo aad u badan oo isku mar ah. Fikradda ayaa ah in la sameeyo garaafyadaada kuwo soo jiidasho leh oo ku filan in ay soo jiitaan dareenka dhagaystayaashaada, laakiin maaha mid mashquul ah oo nashqada lafteeda ayaa wax u dhimaysa fariinta aad isku dayayso inaad gudbiso. Waa, ka dib oo dhan, fariinta muhiimka ah, ma aha kartida naqshadaynta ama awoodda cakiran ee software naqshadaynta garaafyada.

Xeerka wanaagsan ee suulka ayaa ah, haddii ay u muuqato mid mashquul badan oo mashquuliya, waxay u badan tahay inay tahay; iska aamusa qaar. Ha isticmaalin xarfaha qurxinta oo aad u badan, haddii ay jiraan, sababtoo ah ma fududa in la akhriyo. Markaad isticmaalayso jaantusyada iyo garaafyada ganacsiga ku^(what) jihaysan, xooga saar waxaad isku dayayso inaad tiraahdo oo ha badnaan sida^(how) aad u tiraahdo.

Dhanka kale, jaangooynta xogta shaxda waxay ka dhigi kartaa mid aad u fudud in la fahmo oo aad uga saaxiib badan tiirka ka dambeeya tiirka qoraalka iyo tirooyinka.

Charting Your Excel Data

For some time now, charting data іn Excel has become not only simple but also automated to the extent that you can easily go from a tabular spreadsheet to a comprehensive area, bar, line, or pie chart in no time with a few well-contemplated mouse clicks. Then as you edit the data in your spreadsheet, Excel automatically makes corresponding changes to your charts and graphs.

That’s not the end of the program’s charting magic, though. You can, for example, change the chart or graph type at any point, as well as edit color schemes, the perspective (2D, 3D, and so on), swap axis, and much, much more.

But, of course, it all starts with the spreadsheet.

Laying Out Your Data

While Excel allows you to arrange your spreadsheets in many ways, when charting data, you’ll get the best results laying it out so that each row represents a record and each column contains elements of or pertaining to specific rows.

Huh? Take the following spreadsheet, for example.

The far-left column contains a list of laser printers. Except for Row 1, which holds the column labels, or headers, each row represents a specific printer, and each subsequent cell holds data about that particular machine.

In this case, each cell holds print speed data: Column B , how long it took to print the first page of a print job; Column C, how long it took to print all pages, including the first page; Column D, how long it took to churn the entire document, sans the first page out.

While this is a somewhat basic spreadsheet, no matter how complex your data, sticking to this standard format helps streamline the process. As you’ll see coming up, you can map the cells in a small part of your spreadsheet or chart the entire document, or worksheet.

The typical Excel chart consists of several distinct parts, as shown in the image below.

Charting Your Data

If you haven’t done this before, you’ll probably be surprised at how easy Excel makes charting your spreadsheets. As mentioned, you can map the entire worksheet, or you can select a group of columns and rows to chart.

Say, for example, that in the worksheet we were working on in the previous section that you wanted to chart only the first two columns of data (columns B and C), leaving out column D. This entails a simple two-step procedure:

Select the data you want to chart, including the labels in the left column and headers in the columns you wish to include in your chart, as shown below.

Press ALT+F1.

Or, to chart the entire spreadsheet, follow these steps.

Select all the data in the spreadsheet, as shown in the top image below. Do not select the entire sheet, as shown in the second image below—select only the cells containing data.

Press ALT+F1.

Excel does a great job of choosing the appropriate chart type for your data, but if you prefer a different type of chart, such as, say, horizontal bars, or perhaps a different color scheme, maybe even a 3D layout with gradient fills and backgrounds, the program makes all these effects and more easy to achieve.

Changing Chart Type

As with everything else in Excel, there are several ways to modify your chart type. The easiest is, however, to.

Select the chart.
On the menu bar, click Chart Design.
On the Chart Design ribbon, choose Change Chart Type.

This opens the Change Chart Type dialog box, shown here.

As you can see, there are numerous chart types, and clicking one of them displays several variations across the top of the dialog box.

In addition to changing chart types from the Chart Design ribbon, you can also make several other modifications, such as color schemes, layout, or applying one of the program’s many pre-designed chart styles. Chart styles are, of course, similar to paragraph styles in Microsoft Word. As in MS Word, you can apply one of the numerous styles as-is, edit existing styles, or create your own.

Adding And Removing Chart Elements

Chart elements are, of course, the various components, such as the title, the legend, the X and Y axis, and so on that make up your chart. You can add and remove these elements by clicking the plus symbol that appears on the right side of the chart when you select it.

Beneath the Chart Elements fly out is the Chart Styles fly out, which displays when you click the paintbrush icon to the right of the chart.

Beneath Chart Styles you’ll find Chart Filters, which lets you turn on and off (or filter) various components of your chart, as shown here:

If those aren’t enough modification options, there are a slew of others in the Format Chart Area to the right of the worksheet that lets you change all aspects of your chart, from fills and backgrounds to gridlines, to 3D bars, pie slices, drop shadows – I can go on, and on. But I’m sure you get the point as to what’s available.

When you click Text Options, for example, you get another barrage of effects you can apply to the text in your charts. The options are almost unlimited, to the extent that without some restraint, you could wind up creating some garish-looking charts and graphs – without even trying all that hard, which brings me to an important design guideline.

Just because you have all these fantastic design tools at your disposal doesn’t mean you have to use them….or, well, not so many of them at the same time. The idea is to make your graphics attractive enough to catch your audience’s attention, but not so busy that the design itself detracts from the message you’re trying to convey. It is, after all, the message that’s important, not your design prowess or the brute power of your graphics design software.

A good rule of thumb is that, if it looks too busy and distracting, it probably is; dumb it down some. Don’t use too many decorative fonts, if any, as they’re not easy to read. When using business-oriented charts and graphs, concentrate on what you’re trying to say and not so much on how you say it.

Meanwhile, charting tabular data can render it much easier to understand and much friendlier than column after column of text and numbers.

Rebecca Bennet

About the author

Waxaan ahay injineer software ah oo leh in ka badan 10 sano oo waayo-aragnimo ah naqshadaynta, dhisida, iyo ilaalinta codsiyada ku salaysan Windows. Waxaan sidoo kale ahay khabiir aad u yaqaan habaynta erayada, xaashida faafinta, iyo bandhigyada. Waxaan qori karaa sharraxaad cad oo kooban oo kood ah, waxaan u sharixi karaa fikrado kakan horumariyeyaasha cusub, oo aan xalliyo arrimaha duulista macaamiisha.

Jadwalka xogtaada Excel