" Defrag your hard drive" waxay ahayd daawaynta-dhammaan talooyinka dhibaatooyinka waxqabadka PC tan iyo markii khadka talisku ahaa interface caadiga ah ee kombiyuutarada guriga. Waa farsamo loogu talagalay in lagu wanaajiyo waxqabadka qalabka adag ee farsamada dhaqameed, laakiin ma u baahan tahay inaad dejiso SSD ?

Qalabkan cusub ee adag ee gobolka waxay ku shaqeeyaan mabaadi'da gebi ahaanba ka duwan darawallada farsamada, markaa ma jirtaa sabab weli loo sameeyo? Tan ka sii muhiimsan, miyay dhab ahaantii u xumaan^{(bad )} kartaa SSD-gaaga?

Si aad u fahamto jawaabaha su'aalahan, waa in aan hoos ka qodo wax yar oo ku saabsan waxa ay ka dhigan tahay "defrag" SSD drive.

Waa maxay ujeeddada Burburinta?^{(What’s The Point Of Defragmentation?)}

"Fragmentation" waa wax ku dhaca darawal kasta oo ah natiijada dabiiciga ah ee xogta lagu qoro qalabka. Marka aad qaabayso darawalka, waxa aad booskiisa kaydinta u qaybinaysaa nidaam habaysan oo habaysan. Khariidadda wadista oo u oggolaanaysa kombuyuutarku inuu si sax ah u ogaado halka laga helayo xog kasta (macluumad ahaan).

Wadad cusub oo habaysan, xog cusub ayaa loo qoraa si isdaba joog ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka aad tirtirto faylka, waxay ka tagtaa farqiga isku xigxiga. Kumbuyuutarku wuxuu calaamadeeyaa booskaas sida loo heli karo in dib loo qoro. Ilaa hadda, aad u wanaagsan.

Dhibaatadu waxay tahay in xogtaada cusubi ay u badan tahay in aanay si fiican ugu habboonayn farqigaas. Markaa nidaamka hawlgalka waxa uu buuxin doonaa farqiga qaybta hore ee faylka uu qorayo ka bacdina waxa uu raadin doonaa meel banaan oo soo socota – taas oo keenaysa jajab xog ah oo ku baahsan dariiqa dhexdiisa.

Sida aad qiyaasi karto, tani waxay ka dhigaysaa akhrinta fayl dhammaystiran ama xidhid faylal la xidhiidha mid aad u dhib badan, maadaama aad u baahan tahay inaad hal meel ka soo booddo mid kale. Waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa cunto karinta dhibaatooyinka waxqabadka. Ugu yaraan, waxay u ahayd darawallada makaanikada. Waa maxay sababtu?

Waa maxay sababta darawallada makaanikada (aragti ahaan) ugu baahan yihiin defrag wanaagsan^{(Why Mechanical Drives (Theoretically) Need a Good Defrag)}

Qalabka adag ee makaanikada, oo loo yaqaan "hard drives" ilaa SSDs ay la yimaadeen, waxay kaydiyaan xogta dhalada ama aluminium platters oo dahaarka leh malab. Saxanadaha waxay miiqdaan kumaankun kacdoono daqiiqaddiiba waxayna si jilicsan u akhriyaan/qoraan madaxyada korka akhrintooda iyo qorista macluumaadka.

Xogtu waxay ku qotontaa raad-raacyo, haddii xogtaadu ay dhammaan ku jirto khad nadiif ah, waxay la macno tahay in madaxu uu hal meel joogi karo oo uu kor u qaadi karo dhammaan qaybahaas. Haddii darawalku kala qaybsan yahay, waxay la macno tahay in madaxyadu ay u dhaqaaqaan meel kasta si ay u helaan xogta aad codsatay. Maadaama ay yihiin walxo jireed oo leh xaddi cadad ah, waxaa jira xad sida dhakhsaha ah ee tan loo samayn karo.

Marka aad jajabiso darawalka, kumbiyuutarku waxa uu isku shaandheyn ku sameeyaa dhammaan xogtiisa, isaga oo u isticmaalaya booska bannaan ee darawalka sida booska kala soocida. Waa geeddi-socod baaxad leh oo waqti badan qaadata. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, darawalada aadka u jajaban waxay samayn kartaa farqi muuqda oo ku saabsan u jawaabida nidaamka. Ugu yaraan on hardware ka weyn.

Waxaad arkaysaa, wadiiqooyinka makaanikku waxay noqdeen kuwo aad u dheereeya oo waxtar badan sannadihii la soo dhaafay. Cufnaanta xog badan oo aad u sareysa, madax badan, platters badan, RPM^(RPMs) -yada sare iyo kuwa elektaroonigga wadida ka wanaagsan ayaa dhamaantood sameeyay darawalo adag oo cusub si aad u dhakhso badan. Si aad u badan, in saameynta kala qaybsanaantu runtii aysan u qalmin dhibka inta badan kiisaska.

Kumbiyuutarrada ayaa sidoo kale maalmahan heysta RAM aad u badan, in nidaamyada hawlgalka ay kaydin karaan macluumaadka darawalka. ^(RAM)Qalabka adag ee makaanikada casriga ah laftoodu waxay leeyihiin bakhaarro waaweyn, kuwaas oo simi kara xaddidaadda makaanikada ee naqshadooda. ^(Modern)Markaa dhamaadka, xitaa jabinta wadista casriga ah waxay u badan tahay inaysan keeni doonin wax qabad waxqabad muuqda.

Ma u baahan tahay inaad dejiso SSD?^{(Do You Need To Defrag An SSD?)}

Iyada oo dhammaan horudhacaas oo dhan laga saaray, waxaan helnaa su'aasha ugu weyn - ma u baahan tahay inaad dejiso SSD ? Jawaabta oo kooban waa maya.

Waxaa jira laba sababood oo waaweyn. Midka ugu horreeya wuxuu la xiriiraa la'aanta faa'iidooyinka waxqabadka, taas oo ah, ka dib, dhammaan barta defragmentation. Sababta labaad waxay la xiriirtaa caafimaadka SSD -gaaga . Waxaa soo baxday in jabinta SSD ay soo gaabin karto noloshiisa

Waxqabadka SSD iyo Defragmentation^{(SSD Performance and Defragmentation)}

Sida aan hadda aragnay, sababta oo dhan u kala qaybsanaantu u saamayso waxqabadka mashiinka adag ee mashiinka ah waa sababta oo ah waxay ku kordhinaysaa daahsoon dheeri ah oo farsamo habka, maadaama madaxyadu ay si waalli ah u boodaan si ay u helaan qaybaha kala duwan ee faylashaada.

Dabeecad ahaan, SSD^(SSDs) -yadu dhibkan ma qabaan. Ma laha qaybo farsamo oo dhan. Waxay ku kaydiyaan macluumaadka gudaha chips-ka xusuusta, kuwaas oo loo akhriyo si elektaroonig ah.

In kasta oo SSD^(SSDs) -yadu ay noqdaan kuwo la mid ah sida wadista farsamada, wax farqi ah kuma samaynayso SSD haddii xogta oo dhan ay ku taal hal meel ama ku kala firirsan yihiin meelo kala duwan oo wadista. "Waqtiga doonista" runtii tani ma saamaynayso. Markaa burburinta SSD waxay ka dhigaysaa farqi eber ah waxqabadkaaga SSD .

Xiro iyo Jeex SSD^{(SSD Wear and Tear)}

Xataa haddii burburinta darawalka makaanikku dhab ahaantii aanu ka dhigin in uu si fiican u shaqeeyo, ugu yaraan wax dhib ah ma keenayso marka laga reebo qaadashada wakhtiga kombiyuutarka. Dhanka kale SSD -ga, wax-ka-goosashadu waxay dhab ahaantii kaa caawin kartaa in la dilo.

Haddii aad rabto inaad si sax ah u fahamto sababta taasi tahay, hubi inaad hubiso maqaalkeena qotodheer ee ku saabsan dharka iyo jeexjeexa ^{(wear & tear)}SSD . Sharaxaada gaaban ayaa ah in unugyada xusuusta ee SSD ay hoos u dhacaan mar kasta oo aad xogta tirtirto oo aad u qorto macluumaad cusub. SSD^(SSDs) -yada casriga ahi waxay qaadan karaan ciqaab badan marka ay timaado qorista saxanka soo noqnoqda. Waxay adeegsadaan tignoolajiyada casriga ah ee “heer-siinta lebbiska” si ay u kordhiyaan cimriga unug kasta oo xusuusta intii suurtogal ah.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, maadaama kala-jajabintu ay ka baxdo xog aan la taabanin, waxaad si dhakhso ah u rogi doontaa SSD -gaaga miisaan warqad ah haddii aad si joogto ah u jajabiso darawalka.

TRIM iyo Hagaajinta: U dirida Defrag Dustbin-ka^{(TRIM and Optimization: Sending Defrag To The Dustbin)}

Defragmentation waxay u badan tahay inay tahay habka ugu wanaagsan ee looga tago qashinka taariikhda kumbuyuutarka. Ugu yaraan marka la eego kombiyuutarada guriga ee ujeedooyinka hawl maalmeedka guud. Waxa loo alifay in lagula dagaalamo dhibaato oo noqotay mid aan weli la soo koobi karin wakhtigan casriga ah.

Marka ma aha oo kaliya inaan si adag ugu talineyno inaan ka hortagno isticmaalka defragmentation ee SSD , laakiin sidoo kale inaadan u baahnayn inaad ku dhibto inaad ku sameyso wadista farsamada casriga ah midkoodna.

Taas waxaa la yiraahdaa, Windows 10 Qalabka defragmentation wuxuu^{(Windows 10 defragmentation tool)} yaqaanaa farqiga u dhexeeya darawallada adag ee gobolka iyo darawallada farsamada. Halkii ay si toos ah u burburin lahayd SSD , waxay taa beddelkeeda isticmaashaa amarka "TRIM", kaas oo ah amar ku - tanaajin SSD^(SSD) oo gaar ah, iyo sidoo kale cabbirka qaar ka mid ah maaraynta kala-jajabinta, laakiin ma jiro sida xoog-dejinta xoogga ah ee loo isticmaalo darawallada adag ee dhaqameed.

Should You Defrag an SSD?

“Defrag your hard drive” haѕ been the cure-all adviсe for PC performance woеs sincе the command line was the standard interface for home computers. It’ѕ а technique meant to improve the perfоrmance of traditional mechanical hard drives, but do you need to defrag an SSD?

These newer solid-state disks operate on completely different principles than mechanical drives, so is there any reason to still do it? More importantly, could it actually be bad for your SSD?

To understand the answers to these questions, we have to dig a little under the surface of what it means to “defrag” an SSD drive.

What’s The Point Of Defragmentation?

“Fragmentation” is something that happens to every drive as a natural result of data being written to the device. When you format a drive, you’re dividing its storage space into a neatly organized system. A map of the drive which allows the computer to know exactly where every (literal) bit of information is to be found.

On a freshly formatted drive, new data is written in an unbroken sequence. However, when you delete a file, it leaves a gap in that sequence. The computer marks that space as available to be overwritten. So far, so good.

The problem is that your new data probably won’t fit neatly into that gap. So the operating system will fill up the gap with the first part of the file it’s writing and then look for the next open space – leading to fragments of data spread across the drive.

As you can imagine, this makes reading a complete file or set of related files trickier, since you need to hop from one location to the next. It can also be a recipe for performance problems. At least, it has been for mechanical drives. Why?

Why Mechanical Drives (Theoretically) Need a Good Defrag

Mechanical hard drives, which were just called “hard drives” until SSDs came along, store data on glass or aluminum platters coated with magnetic material. The platters spin at thousands of revolutions per minute and delicate read/write heads skit about above their surface reading and writing information.

The data is laid out in tracks and, if your data is all in a neat line, it means the head can just stay in one place and hoover up all those bits. If the drive is fragmented, it means that the heads have to move all over the place to get the data you asked for. Since they are physical objects with a fair amount of mass, there’s a limit to how quickly this can be done.

When you defragment a drive, the computer reshuffles all its data, using the free space on the drive as sorting space. It’s a massive, time-consuming process. However, on heavily fragmented drives it could make a noticeable difference to system responsiveness. At least on older hardware.

You see, mechanical drives have become significantly faster and more efficient over the years. Much higher data density, more heads, more platters, higher RPMs and better drive electronics have all made new hard drives much faster. So much so, that the effects of fragmentation really aren’t worth the bother in most cases.

Computers also have so much RAM these days, that operating systems can cache information from the drive. Modern mechanical hard drives themselves have large buffers, that can smooth out the mechanical limitations of their design. So in the end, even defragging a modern drive probably won’t result in any noticeable performance gains.

Do You Need To Defrag An SSD?

With all of that preamble out of the way, we get to the main question – do you need to defrag an SSD? The short answer is no.

There are two main reasons. The first relates to the lack of performance benefits, which is, after all, the entire point of defragmentation. The second reason has to do with the health of your SSD. It turns out that defragging an SSD can shorten its life

SSD Performance and Defragmentation

As we’ve just seen, the whole reason fragmentation affects mechanical hard drive performance is because it adds more and more mechanical latency to the process, as the heads madly jump around to find the different parts of your files.

By their very nature, SSDs don’t have this problem. They have no mechanical parts at all. They store information inside memory chips, which are read electronically.

While SSDs become fragmented just the same as a mechanical drive, it makes no difference to the SSD if the data is all in one place or scattered around various locations on the drive. The “seek time” is virtually unaffected by this. So defragmenting an SSD would make just about zero difference to your SSD performance.

SSD Wear and Tear

Even if defragging a mechanical drive may not actually make it perform any better, at least it does no harm other than taking up computer time. With an SSD on the other hand, defragging can actually help kill it.

If you want to understand exactly why that is, be sure to check out our in-depth article on SSD wear & tear. The short explanation is that SSD memory cells degrade every time you erase data and write new information to them. Modern SSDs can take a lot of punishment when it comes to repeated disk writes. They use sophisticated “wear levelling” technology to extend the lifespan of each memory cell as much as possible.

However, since defragmentation leaves no bit of data untouched you’ll quickly turn your SSD into a paperweight if you regularly defrag the drive.

TRIM and Optimization: Sending Defrag To The Dustbin

Defragmentation is probably a process best left to the dustbin of computer history. At least in terms of home computers for general day-to-day performance purposes. It was invented to combat a problem that has become largely a non-issue in modern times.

So it’s not just that we strongly recommend against using defragmentation on an SSD, but also that you probably don’t have to bother with doing it on a modern mechanical drive either.

That being said, the Windows 10 defragmentation tool knows the difference between solid state drives and mechanical drives. Instead of automatically defragmenting an SSD, it instead uses the “TRIM” command, which is a specialized SSD optimization command, as well as some measure of fragmentation management, but nothing like the brute force defragmentation used on traditional hard drives.

Mckenna Parson

About the author

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Ma u baahan tahay inaad jabiso SSD?

Waa maxay ujeeddada Burburinta?^{(What’s The Point Of Defragmentation?)}

Waa maxay sababta darawallada makaanikada (aragti ahaan) ugu baahan yihiin defrag wanaagsan^{(Why Mechanical Drives (Theoretically) Need a Good Defrag)}