Intarneedku waxa uu ina siinayaa helitaan xog aan xadidnayn oo ku dhow. Laakin, intee la aamini karaa xogtaas? Fikradaha shirqoolka iyo macluumaadka khaldan ayaa ku baahsan intarneedka. Waxyaabaha muranka dhaliyay^{(Controversial)} iyo xitaa khatarta ah ma adka in la helo. 

Sababtaas awgeed, waxaan rabnay inaan ogaano makiinadaha raadinta u adeegaya macluumaadka ugu walaacsan. Waxaan diirada saarnay raadintayada qaybaha soo socda:

• Khilaafaadka^{(Controversies)} : Wax kasta oo loo arko inay yihiin kala qaybsanaan, ay ku jiraan tallaalka Covid-19 , aragtida jinsiyadeed ee muhiimka ah, iyo doorashada 2020.
• Shirqoolo^{(Conspiracies)} : Aragtiyaha sheegta dhacdo ama xaalad xaaladeed ayaa ka dhalata shirqoollo sir ah oo ay wadaan shaqsiyaad ama kooxo awood leh. Tusaale ahaan, aragtida shirqoolka ee ah in dayaxu soo degay ay ahayd been abuur.
• Ujeedada khatarta ah^{(Dangerous intent)} : Wax kasta oo u horseedaya xaalad khatar ah, sida samaynta bambooyinka kariyaha cadaadiska ama sida loo daabaco qori 3D ah.

Kadibna mid walba oo natiijada ka mid ah ayaanu falanqaynay si aanu u kala saarno afar qaybood oo waaweyn. Qaybahaasi waa:

• Macluumaad khaldan ama xog la dareemo:^{(Misinformation or sensationalized information:)} Xog aan run ahayn, macluumaad khaldan, ama xog qalloocan oo loo soo bandhigay xaqiiqo si loo helo xiiso.
• Pro-conspiracy : Taageerida aragtida shirqoolka ama soo bandhigida aragti cusub oo shirqool ah.
• Aan dhaliil lahayn: si^{(Uncritical:)} ula kac ah oo dhexdhexaad ah. Aan taageero u fidin fikrad laga yaabo in laga naxo, laakiin aan laga hadlin, sidoo kale. 
• Waxyeelo leh^(Harmful) : Si firfircoon ugu hagida akhristayaasha xaaladaha khatarta ah, sida is-dilitaanka.

Waxaan falanqeynay 2,640 natiijadood oo ka yimid afar makiinadood - Google , Yahoo , Bing , iyo DuckDuckGo - si aan u ogaano midka soo baxay macluumaadka ugu badan. 

Google waxa uu bixiyay Natiijooyinka^{(Fewest Alarming Results)} Digniinaha ugu yar iyo DuckDuckGo ayaa la keenay inta ugu badan

Daraasadani waxay heshay farqi cad oo u dhexeeya afarta matoorada ee waaweyn. Gaar ahaan sida ay u maamulaan natiijooyinka raadinta khatarta ah ama cabsida leh. Waxaan u aragnaa natiijooyinka khatarta ah kuwa leh ujeedo khatar ah, kor u qaada macluumaadka khaldan, ama kicinaya aragtiyaha shirqoolka. 

Kaliya 3% natiijooyinka raadinta Google^{(Google’s search results)} ayaa halis ahaa - kuwa ugu yar afartan matoorada raadinta, ilaa hadda. Waxa ku xigtay ^(Next)Yahoo , oo leh 1 ka mid ah 4 natiijooyinka taasoo horseedaysa ilo taban ama khatar ah. DuckDuckGo iyo Bing waxay u badnaayeen inay keenaan natiijooyin khatar ah. Ku dhawaad ​​​​saddex meelood meel natiijadii Bing iyo DuckDuckGo waxay ahaayeen kuwo xun ama naxdin leh. Tani waxay macno samaynaysaa maadaama DuckDuckGo ay natiijooyin badan ka^{(pulls a lot of its results)} soo saartay tusmada Bing. 

Soo bandhigida macluumaadka khatarta ah ayaa sagaal jeer uga dhow DuckDuckGo iyo Bing marka loo eego Google . Isticmaalayaasha Yahoo ayaa todobo jeer uga dhowaatay isticmaalayaasha Google inay la kulmaan natiijooyin khatar ah. Natiijooyinkani waxay muujinayaan sida ay suurtogal u tahay in qofku la kulmo macluumaadka khatarta ah ee internetka. 

Matoorada Raadinta^(Search) oo leh Natiijooyinka ugu dareenka badan^{(Most Sensationalized Results)}

Marka xigta, waxaan u falanqeynay natiijooyinka raadinta mowduucyo muran dhaliyay ama dareen leh. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ahaa COVID-19 , isbedelka cimilada, iyo caafimaadka dhimirka ee Madaxweyne Biden. 

Markaad ka raadinaysay " caafimaadka dhimirka ee Biden " DuckDuckGo , natiijadii ugu sareysay waxay ahayd " FLASHBACK : Dhakhtarka Qaliinka Maskaxda ayaa u sheegay Biden^{(Brain Surgeon Told Biden)} inuu haysto wax ka yar 50% fursada^(Chance) ah inuu noqdo mid caadi ah." Ciwaanku wuxuu soo jeedinayaa in Biden uu leeyahay arrin caafimaad, laakiin waxa ku jira waxa loola jeedaa qalliinka laba aneurysms ee dabayaaqadii 1980-yadii. 

Dhab ahaantii, marka ay timaado mawduucyada muranka dhaliyay:

• 27% of DuckDuckGo results waxaa loo kala saaray macluumaad khaldan ama dareen dareen leh.
• 25% of Bing results waxaa loo kala saaray macluumaad khaldan ama dareen dareen leh.
• 18% of Yahoo results waxaa loo kala saaray xog khaldan ama dareen dareen leh.
• 2% of Google results loo kala saaray xog khaldan ama dareen dareen

" Isbeddelka^(Climate) cimiladu waa been abuur" waxay soo celisay natiijooyinka ugu dareenka badan DuckDuckGo , Bing , iyo Yahoo . Google kaliya waxay soo celisay laba natiijadood oo dareen leh oo ah 150kii aanu ku qiimaynay qaybtan.

"Kaniiniga Cas" ayaa sidoo kale caan ku ahaa natiijooyinka raadinta. Laakiin, makiinad kasta oo wax raadisa marka laga reebo Google ma ahayn mid dhaleecayn ah. Erayga laftiisu waa muran, oo ka yimid muuqaal Matrix caan ah. Marka qof qaato "kiniiniga cas," waxay diyaar u yihiin inay bartaan run aan dejin karin ama nolosha beddeli karta. Maanta, ereyga waxaa inta badan isticmaala^{(often used)} kuwa xaqa u janjeera, sida Donald Trump iyo taageerayaasha Alex Jones . 

Natiijooyin badan ayaa soo bandhigay fariimo khaldan ama kuwo kale oo waxyeelo leh. Google dib uguma soo celinayso kaniiniga casaanka^{(Red Pill)} ah ama fariinta mugdiga ah ee ereyga 30ka natiijadood ee ugu horeeya. Dhab ahaantii, natiijadii ugu horreysay ee Google waa maqaal la yiraahdo "Liqitaanka Kaniiniga Cas^{(Red Pill)} : Safarka wadnaha ee misogyny casriga ah."

Matoorada Raadinta ee bixiya macluumaadka^{(Search Engines That Provide Information)} ulajeedka khatarta ah^{(Dangerous Intent)}

Si loo daraaseeyo natiijooyinka leh ujeedo khatar ah, waxaan diiradda saarnay weydiimaha ku xeeran qoryaha, bambooyinka, daroogooyinka, iyo ismiidaaminta.

Marka la barbardhigo isticmaalayaasha Google , DuckDuckGo iyo isticmaalayaasha Bing waxay afar jeer uga dhow yihiin inay la kulmaan natiijooyin leh ujeedo khatar ah. Isticmaalayaasha Yahoo waxay 3.6 jeer uga dhow yihiin isticmaalayaasha Google . Iyadoo taas la yiri, dhammaan goobaha raadinta waxay soo celiyeen natiijooyin waxtar leh oo loogu talagalay weydiimaha khatarta ah. 

Saddex mawduuc oo waaweyn ayaa soo celiyay natiijooyinka ugu khatarta badan. Dhammaan afarta matoorada raadinta, ereyada soo socdaa waxay keeneen macluumaadka ugu khatarta badan:

• Sida loo daabaco qoriga 3D.
• Sida loo sameeyo meth.
• Hababka isdilka.

On Google , Bing , iyo Yahoo , " Sida^(How) loo daabaco qoriga 3D" ayaa soo celiyay natiijooyin badan iyadoo ujeedo khatar ah leh. DuckDuckGo ,^(DuckDuckGo) "Sida loo sameeyo meth" waxay bixisay natiijooyin khatar badan. 

Dhammaan afarta goobood waxay kaloo soo celiyeen natiijooyin waxtar leh oo ku saabsan is-dilid. Laakiin waxaa xiiso leh in la ogaado farqiga u dhexeeya Google , Bing , iyo Yahoo vs. DuckDuckGo .

Markaad raadinayso "habka ugu fudud ee isdilka" iyo "sida ugu xanuunka yar ee isdilka, " Google , Bing , iyo Yahoo waxay leeyihiin farriimo waxtar leh oo weyn oo ay weheliyaan nambarka Qaranka ee Kahortagga Is-dilka Lifeline^{(National Suicide Prevention Lifeline)} . Waxaa loola jeedaa in lagu soo jiito dareenka isticmaalaha ka hor inta aysan furin natiijada raadinta. 

DuckDuckGo , "sida loo is-dilo" waxay soo jiidataa^(DuckDuckGo) agabka ka hortagga is-miidaaminta si kor loogu qaado natiijooyinka raadinta. Laakiin, agabyadani ma muuqdaan marka la raadinayo "hababka ugu fudud ama ugu xanuunka yar ee isdilka." Dhab ahaantii, natiijada ugu horreysa ee su'aasha "ugu fudud" xitaa waxay soo jeedinaysaa kaniiniyada hurdada ee sharaxaadda meta, inkastoo boostada lafteeda ay ku jirto macluumaadka lagu joojinayo is-dilitaanka.

Sida daraasaddan muujisay, natiijooyinka raadinta DuckDuckGo waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin kuwa ugu yar ee la sifeeyo ama la baaro.

Matoorada Raadinta^(Search) ee Saaxiibtinimada leh ee ugu badan

Matoorada raadinta^(Search) lama sinna nooca waxyaabaha ku jira shirqoolka ee ka dhigaya. Dadka Maraykanka badankoodu ^(Americans) waxay aaminsan yihiin ugu yaraan hal shirqool^{(believe in at least one conspiracy)} . Laakin maadaama intarneetku uu ka dhigay isku xidhka dadka kale mid la heli karo si ka badan sidii hore, shirqoolada ayaa u faafay si ka dhakhso badan sidii hore.

DuckDuckGo waa mashiinka raadinta saaxiibtinimo ee ugu shirqoolka badan. Oo ay la socdaan Bing iyo Yahoo , aaladahaan waxay ogolaadeen ilo-wax-u-akhris-shirqool gudaha saddexda bog ee ugu horreeya natiijooyinka. Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in ilo-wareedka iyo wararka wararka ay ka badnaayeen boggaga shirqoolka ee saddexda bog ee hore. 

DuckDuckGo , ^(DuckDuckGo)Bing , iyo Yahoo , shirqoollada ugu caansan ee soo celiyay ilaha dhaqaale ee shirqoolka ayaa ahaa "Waxaa la dilay Jeffrey Epstein" iyo "9/11 gudaha shaqada. "DuckDuckGo iyo Bing waxay sidoo kale lahaayeen natiijooyin badan oo shirqool ah oo u soo baxay "Sandy Hook hoax."

Guud ahaan, Yahoo boggiisa ugu horreeya waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad u yar marka loo eego natiijooyinka shirqoolka marka loo eego DuckDuckGo ama Bing . 

On Google , kaliya laba erey oo shirqool oo muhiim ah ayaa soo celinaya agab kasta oo taageeraya: 9/11 iyo soo degista dayaxa. Dhammaan aragtiyaha kale ee shirqoolka waxay soo celiyeen agab xirfadeed iyo cilmiyeed kuwaas oo burinaya aragtiyaha shirqoolka. 

Waa kuwee mareegaha ugu badan?

Matoorada raadinta^(Search) waa qayb ka mid ah isla'egta soo celinta macluumaadka. Mareegaha gaarka ah ee u soo noqda weydiimo kasta waxay saameeyaan gudbinta khilaafaadka, shirqoolada, iyo shuruudaha ujeeddooyinka khatarta ah. Sababtan awgeed, waxaan rabnay inaan si wanaagsan u fahanno noocyada shabakadaha in goob kasta oo goob raadin ay siiso isticmaaleyaasheeda.

On Google , Bing , iyo DuckDuckGo , Wikipedia waa degelka loogu adeego badan yahay. On Yahoo , Dhexdhexaad^(Medium) , madal blogging, waa goobta loogu adeego badan. Waxa xiiso leh^{(Interestingly)} , dhammaan afarta matoorada raadinta waxay u adeegaan YouTube in ka badan hal wareed kasta.

Dhammaan natiijooyinka raadinta, in ka badan 10% Google 's waxay ka yimaadeen xarumaha hay'adaha, sida .gov iyo .edu . DuckDuckGo waxay soo celisay 36% natiijooyin hay'ad ka yar marka loo eego Google , Bingna^(Bing) wuxuu soo celiyay 35% wax ka yar. Yahoo waxay soo celisay 19% ka yar natiijooyinka hay'adaha.

Google ayaa sidoo kale u adeegay natiijooyinka ugu yar ee warbaahinta bulshada, sida goobaha sida Reddit ama Dhexdhexaad^(Medium) . DuckDuckGo waxay u adeegtay 54% natiijooyin ka badan warbaahinta bulshada marka loo eego Google . Bing ayaa soo celiyay 42% in ka badan, Yahoo -na waxa ay soo celisay 27% natiijooyin baraha bulshada ah. 

Faafinta wararka been abuurka ah iyo hadalada waxyeelada leh ayaa sii fiday tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Iyo sida matoorada raadinta kala duwan ay u soo baxeen sida goobaha waaweyn, waxaa jira farqi muuqda oo u dhexeeya natiijooyinka raadinta. 

DuckDuckGo waxay aad ugu dhowdahay inay soo celiso natiijooyinka dhibaatada leh. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid noqon kara boggaga internetka ee aragtida shirqoolka shirqoolka ama goobaha leh ujeedo khatar ah. Natiijooyinkan la midka ah waxay ku dhowaayeen inay u badan tahay Bing .

Yahoo waxay u egtahay inay ka xaddidan tahay DuckDuckGo iyo Bing . Guud ahaan waxay soo celisaa ilo yar oo khatar ah iyo goobaha macluumaadka khaldan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Google ayaa shaandheysa natiijooyin ka khatarsan iyo macluumaad khaldan marka loo eego goobaha kale ee raadinta.   

Internetku waa mid ka mid ah aaladaha ugu weyn ee bini'aadmigu leeyahay. Waxay noo ogolaataa inaan baadho ku dhawaad ​​mawduuc kasta, laakiin hantida macluumaadka kuma koobna nuxurka dhib la'aanta ah. 

Talooyin badan oo kombuyuutar ah ayaa xooga saaraya muhiimada software-ka ka hortaga iyo isticmaalka furaha sirta ah ee adag, laakiin ka fogaanshaha macluumaadka khaldan iyo waxyaabaha waxyeelada leh ee internetka ayaa sidoo kale muhiim ah. U dooro mashiinka raadinta si caqli leh. Had iyo jeer iska ilaali natiijooyinka raadinta khatarta ah.   

Habka^{(Methodology)} : 

Intii u dhaxaysay Maarso 25 iyo Maarso 29, 2022, waxaan ku falanqeynay 2,640 natiijooyin raadin afar goobood oo waaweyn si loo go'aamiyo midka soo celiya natiijooyinka ugu khatarta badan: Google, Bing, Yahoo, iyo DuckDuckGo. ^{(Between March 25 and March 29, 2022, we analyzed 2,640 search results across four major search engines to determine which one returns the most dangerous results: Google, Bing, Yahoo, and DuckDuckGo. )}

In order to do so, we created a list of topics that fall under controversies, conspiracies, and dangerous intent. We then analyzed the first 30 results for related queries. Those queries are: Biden’s mental health, is the war in Ukraine justified, critical race theory in schools, gender identity in schools, was Jeffrey Epstein murdered, is the covid vaccine safe, does the covid vaccine change your DNA, does ivermectin work, red pill, how to 3D print a gun, how to make a pressure cooker bomb, how to make meth, did we really land on the moon, Sandy Hook hoax, 9/11 inside job, who is Q, flat earth theory, least painful way to commit suicide, easiest way to commit suicide, did Trump win the election, proof of 2020 election voter fraud, climate change, is climate change real, and climate change hoax.

Which Search Engine Returns the Most Alarming Results?

The internet gіves us neаr-unlimited acсess to informatiоn. But, how trustworthy is that information? Conѕрiracy theories and misinformation are rampant across the internet. Controversial and even dangerous content is not difficult to find. 

Because of this, we wanted to know which search engines are serving up the most alarming information. We focused our searches on the following categories:

• Controversies: Anything considered to be divisive, including the Covid-19 vaccine, critical race theory, and the 2020 election.
• Conspiracies: Theories that claim an event or set of circumstances result from secret plots conducted by powerful individuals or groups. For example, the conspiracy theory that the moon landing was a hoax.
• Dangerous intent: Anything that leads to a dangerous situation, such as making pressure-cooker bombs or how to print a 3D gun.

We then analyzed each of the results to categorize them into four major categories. Those categories are:

• Misinformation or sensationalized information: Untrue information, misinformation, or skewed data presented as fact to garner interest.
• Pro-conspiracy: Support of a conspiracy theory or introducing a new conspiracy theory.
• Uncritical: Willfully neutral. Not offering support to a potentially alarming idea, but not speaking against it, either. 
• Harmful: Actively guiding readers through dangerous situations, such as suicide.

We analyzed 2,640 results from four search engines — Google, Yahoo, Bing, and DuckDuckGo — to discover which surfaced the most concerning information. 

Google Supplied the Fewest Alarming Results and DuckDuckGo Supplied the Most

This study found a clear difference between the four major search engines. Especially how they handle dangerous or alarming search results. We consider dangerous results as those that have dangerous intent, promote misinformation, or drive conspiracy theories. 

Only 3% of Google’s search results were dangerous — the fewest of these four search engines, by far. Next was Yahoo, with 1 in 4 results leading to negative or dangerous resources. DuckDuckGo and Bing were most likely to supply dangerous results. Nearly a third of both Bing and DuckDuckGo’s results were negative or alarming. This makes sense since DuckDuckGo pulls a lot of its results from Bing’s index. 

Exposure to dangerous information is nine times more likely on DuckDuckGo and Bing than on Google. Yahoo users were seven times more likely than Google users to come across dangerous results. These results showcase how likely one is to encounter dangerous information on the internet. 

Search Engines with the Most Sensationalized Results

Next, we analyzed search results for controversial or sensationalized topics. These included COVID-19, climate change, and President Biden’s mental health. 

When searching “Biden’s mental health” on DuckDuckGo, a top result was “FLASHBACK: Brain Surgeon Told Biden He Had Less Than 50% Chance of ‘Being Completely Normal’.” The headline suggests that Biden has a health issue, but the content refers to surgery for two cranial aneurysms in the late 1980s. 

In fact, when it comes to controversial topics:

• 27% of DuckDuckGo results were classified as misinformation or sensationalism.
• 25% of Bing results were classified as misinformation or sensationalism.
• 18% of Yahoo results were classified as misinformation or sensationalism.
• 2% of Google results were classified as misinformation or sensationalism.

“Climate change is a hoax” returned the most sensationalized results for DuckDuckGo, Bing, and Yahoo. Google only returned two sensationalized results of the 150 we evaluated for this category.

“Red Pill” was also popular in search results. But, every search engine except for Google was uncritical of it. The term itself is controversial, stemming from a famous Matrix scene. When someone takes the “red pill,” they’re willing to learn a potentially unsettling or life-changing truth. Today, the term is often used by those who lean right, such as Donald Trump and Alex Jones supporters. 

Many results offered thinly-veiled misogynistic or otherwise harmful messages. Google returns nothing pro-Red Pill or sympathetic to the term’s darker message in the first 30 results. In fact, the first result on Google is an article called “Swallowing the Red Pill: a journey to the heart of modern misogyny.”

Search Engines That Provide Information With Dangerous Intent

To study results with dangerous intent, we focused on queries around guns, bombs, drugs, and suicide.

Compared to Google users, DuckDuckGo and Bing users are four times more likely to come across results with dangerous intent. Yahoo users are 3.6 times more likely than Google users. With that said, all search platforms returned helpful results for dangerous queries. 

Three major topics returned the most dangerous results. Across all four search engines, the following terms resulted in the most hazardous information:

• How to print a 3D gun.
• How to make meth.
• Methods of suicide.

On Google, Bing, and Yahoo, “How to print a 3D gun” returned more results with dangerous intent. On DuckDuckGo, “How to make meth” provided more dangerous results. 

All four platforms also returned helpful results regarding suicide. But it’s interesting to note the disparity between Google, Bing, and Yahoo vs. DuckDuckGo.

When searching for “easiest way to commit suicide” and “least painful way to commit suicide,” Google, Bing, and Yahoo have large helpful messages alongside the number for the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. It is meant to grab a user’s attention before they open a search result. 

On DuckDuckGo, “how to commit suicide” prompts suicide prevention resources to display above the search results. But, these resources do not appear when searching for “easiest or least painful methods of suicide.” In fact, the first result for the “easiest” query even suggests sleeping pills in the meta description, though the post itself includes information to deter suicide.

As this study has shown, search results on DuckDuckGo appear to be the least filtered or screened.

The Most Conspiracy-Friendly Search Engines

Search engines are not equal in what kind of conspiracy content makes it through. Most Americans believe in at least one conspiracy. But as the internet has made connecting with others more accessible than before, conspiracies spread faster than ever.

DuckDuckGo is the most conspiracy-friendly search engine. Along with Bing and Yahoo, these platforms allowed pro-conspiracy sources within the first three pages of results. It is important to note that reputable sources and news stories outnumbered pro-conspiracy sites within the first three pages. 

On DuckDuckGo, Bing, and Yahoo, the most popular conspiracies that returned pro-conspiracy resources were “Was Jeffrey Epstein murdered” and “9/11 inside job.” DuckDuckGo and Bing also had many pro-conspiracy results that surfaced for “Sandy Hook hoax.”

Overall, Yahoo’s first pages were less populated by pro-conspiracy results than DuckDuckGo or Bing. 

On Google, only two significant conspiracy terms return any supporting resources: 9/11 and the moon landing. All other conspiracy theories returned professional and scholarly resources that disprove the conspiracy theories. 

Which Websites Surface the Most?

Search engines are just one part of the information-retrieval equation. The specific websites that return for each query impact the transmission of controversies, conspiracies, and terms of dangerous intent. Because of this, we wanted to better understand the types of websites that each search platform provides its users.

On Google, Bing, and DuckDuckGo, Wikipedia is the most-served website. On Yahoo, Medium, a blogging platform, is the most-served site. Interestingly, all four search engines serve YouTube more than any single news outlet.

Of all search results, more than 10% of Google’s were from institutional sites, such as .gov and .edu. DuckDuckGo returned 36% fewer institutional results than Google, and Bing returned 35% fewer. Yahoo returned 19% fewer institutional results.

Google also served the fewest social media results, such as sites like Reddit or Medium. DuckDuckGo served 54% more social media results than Google. Bing returned 42% more, and Yahoo returned 27% more social media results. 

The dissemination of misinformation and harmful rhetoric has expanded over the past decade. And as different search engines have emerged as the major platforms, there is a marked difference in the content of search results. 

DuckDuckGo is far more likely to return problematic results. These can include pro-conspiracy theory websites or sites with dangerous intent. These same results were nearly as likely on Bing.

Yahoo tends to be more restrictive than DuckDuckGo and Bing. It generally returns fewer dangerous resources and sites of misinformation. However, Google filters out more dangerous results and misinformation than other search platforms.   

The internet is one of humanity’s greatest tools. It allows us to research nearly any topic, but that wealth of information is not limited to problem-free content. 

Many computer tips stress the importance of antivirus software and using strong passwords, but evading misinformation and harmful content online is just as important. Choose your search engine wisely. And always watch out for dangerous search results.   

Methodology: 

Between March 25 and March 29, 2022, we analyzed 2,640 search results across four major search engines to determine which one returns the most dangerous results: Google, Bing, Yahoo, and DuckDuckGo. 

In order to do so, we created a list of topics that fall under controversies, conspiracies, and dangerous intent. We then analyzed the first 30 results for related queries. Those queries are: Biden’s mental health, is the war in Ukraine justified, critical race theory in schools, gender identity in schools, was Jeffrey Epstein murdered, is the covid vaccine safe, does the covid vaccine change your DNA, does ivermectin work, red pill, how to 3D print a gun, how to make a pressure cooker bomb, how to make meth, did we really land on the moon, Sandy Hook hoax, 9/11 inside job, who is Q, flat earth theory, least painful way to commit suicide, easiest way to commit suicide, did Trump win the election, proof of 2020 election voter fraud, climate change, is climate change real, and climate change hoax.

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