Mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu fiican ee ku saabsan kombiyuutarada casriga ah waa sida ay u habaysan yihiin. Kombiyuutarrada Desktop^(Desktop) -ka gaar ahaan waxay ka dhigaan kuwo fudud in la beddelo wax kasta oo ka mid ah kuwa ka wanaagsan. 

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kombiyuutarku waa nidaam adag, markaa sidee baad u ogaan kartaa qaybaha u baahan casriyeynta? Maxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku cusboonaysiiso PC-gaaga?

Xidhiidhka ugu liita^{(The Weakest Link)}

Kumbuyuutarka ku habboon wuxuu ka samaysan yahay qaybo isku dhafan oo si fiican isku mid ah. Ma rabtid xaalad halka qayb ka mid ah ay dib u celinayso nidaamka oo dhan sababtoo ah ma sii wadi karto.

Arrinkani waa xannibaadda kombuyuutarrada horay loo dhisay, gaar ahaan moodooyinka miisaaniyadda. Nidaam-^(System) dhisayaasha ayaa u qoondayn doona miisaaniyad qaybaha cinwaannada sida CPU -ga iyo qaybaha kale si ay uga hooseeyaan qiimaha la beegsanayo.

Natiijada kama dambaysta ahi waa mashiin aan dheellitirnayn oo qurux badan. Taas beddelkeeda, kombayutarkaagu waxa laga yaabaa inuu fiicnaa markii ugu horreysay ee la dhisay, laakiin hadda hal ama in ka badan oo qaybood ayaa la socon kara software cusub.

Waxaan dulmar ku sameyn doonaa qayb kasta oo muhiim ah, anagoo eegayna sida loo ogaado inay u baahan tahay casriyeyn iyo in kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, casriyaynta had iyo jeer maaha habka kaliya ee loo maro. Fiiri qaar ka mid ah RAM-kan, GPU iyo utility hagaajinta CPU^{(RAM, GPU and CPU tuning utilities)} .

CPU-da^{(The CPU)}

CPU ama Qeybta Processing-^{(Central Processing Unit )} ka Dhexe waxay qabataa dhammaan ujeeddada guud ee nambarada kumbiyuutarka. Wax kasta oo kumbiyuutarku sameeyo waxay si uun ugu xidhan yihiin CPU -da . Sideed ku ogaan kartaa in CPU -gaagu aanu awood lahayn?

Habka ugu cad ayaa ah inaad u ogolaato software-ka aad rabto inaad isticmaasho inuu noqdo hagahaaga. Codsiyada iyo ciyaaraha inta badan waxay wataan ugu yaraan oo lagu taliyay sifaynta CPU^(CPU) . Haddii CPU -gaagu hoos uga dhaco waxa ugu yar, taasi waa calaamad cad oo aad u baahan tahay wax cusub.

Iyadoo aan loo eegin shuruudaha warqadda, si aad u ogaato in CPU -gaagu uu ku hayo waxaad u baahan tahay laba shay. Midka koowaad waa kormeeraha isticmaalka CPU kan labaadna waa indhahaaga. Waxa aan rabno inaan sameyno ayaa ah inaan aragno inta awoodda CPU ee loo isticmaalo inta aad ku jirto ganacsigaaga.

Codsiyada desktop-ka, waxaad si fudud u isticmaali kartaa kormeeraha waxqabadka ku dhex jira ee Maamulaha Hawsha ee Windows^{(built-in performance monitor in Windows Task Manager)} . Tani waxay ku tusi doontaa boqolkiiba inta awoodda CPU ee aad isticmaalayso. Haddii aad tahay ciyaaryahan ku jira Windows , markaa waxaad isticmaali kartaa Windows Game Bar (adiga holding Win+G inta lagu jiro ciyaarta) oo ku dheji widget-ka waxqabadka dhinaca hoose ee bidix ee shaashadda, si aad u aragto waxa ku dhacaya nidaamkaaga inta aad ku jirto. ciyaar

Waa tan tan ugu dhibka badan - in CPU -gaaga lagu dhejiyo 100% inta lagu jiro hawlgalka maahan calaamad muujinaysa inay u baahan tahay casriyeyn. Waxaa jira hawlo badan (sida beddelka fiidiyoowga ama samaynta) kuwaas oo had iyo jeer isticmaali doona 100% awoodda CPU ee la heli karo . Iyadoo aan loo eegin^(Regardless) haddii aad leedahay CPU ugu dhaqsiyaha badan adduunka ama kan ugu gaabiya. Saamaynta kaliya ayaa ah in shaqadu ay qaadan doonto waqti dheer in lagu dhamaystiro CPU-yada gaabiska ah^(CPUs) . 

Haddii tani ay tahay nooca shaqada aad u baahan tahay CPU -gaaga, markaa waa inaad go'aansatid in wakhtiga ay ku qaadato qalabkaaga hadda la aqbali karo iyo in kale. Xirfadlayaasha waqtigu lacag u yahay, kala badh wakhtiga wax soo saarka ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka qiimo badan tahay kharashka cusboonaysiinta.

Meesha waxqabadka CPU liidata ay runtii dhaawacdo waa isticmaalka kombayutarka waqtiga-dhabta ah. Haddii CPU -gaagu uu muujinayo isticmaalka heerarka sare ee isticmaalka marka la isticmaalayo codsiyada iyo ka jawaab celinta nidaamku waa liidata, helitaanka nooc dhakhso ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay tahay fikrad wanaagsan.

Cusbooneysiinta CPU ee Ciyaartoyda^{(CPU Upgrades for Gamers)}

Ciyaartoyda, way ka sii dhib badan tahay. Xaaladda la doonayo waa in ay ahaato "GPU-limited". Taasi waa, waxqabadka ugu badan ee ciyaaraha fiidyahaaga waa in lagu xaddidaa chip-kaaga sawirada ee maaha CPU .

Qalabka waxqabadka ee Windows Game Bar , waxaad dooneysaa inaad aragto 100% (ama ku dhow) isticmaalka GPU -ga iyo isticmaalka-100% hoosaadka CPU . Haddii xaaladdu dib loo rogo, markaas waxaad la kulmi doontaa dhaleecooyin iyo heerar heersare ah oo aan la aqbali karin. 

Siyaalo kala duwan ayaad arrintan uga shaqayn kartaa adiga oo aan qalabayn qalab. Xaddidaadda heerka jirkaaga iyadoo la adeegsanayo utility GPU -gaaga, goobaha-ciyaaraha dhexdiisa ama si fudud Vsync waxay ka qaadi kartaa xoogaa walaaca CPU -gaaga oo waxay fududayn kartaa ciyaarta. Waxa kale oo aad isku dayi kartaa in aad kordhiso goobaha garaafyada ciyaarta ilaa meesha uu GPU -gu noqdo qodobka xaddidaya, siinaya CPU wakhti uu ku neefsado.

RAM - Xusuusta Helitaanka Random^{(RAM – Random Access Memory)}

RAM waa kaydinta degdega ah ee aad CPU isticmaasho markaad xogta ku shaqaynayso. Codsiyada socodsiinta waxay ku jiraan RAM inta lagu jiro isticmaalka, taas oo macnaheedu yahay inaad u baahan tahay in kugu filan si aad ugu habboonaato dhammaan barnaamijyada aad rabto inaad hal mar ku shaqeyso.

Haddii aadan haysan RAM kugu filan oo aad ku xajisato codsiyadaada socda, waxay si dhab ah u saamayn kartaa waxqabadka kombiyuutarkaaga. Maadaama kombuyuutarku lagu qasbay inuu kaydiyo qulqulka dariiqaaga adag isagoo isticmaalaya wax loo yaqaan "faylka paging". Maadaama darawalada adag (iyo xitaa SSDs ) ay aad u badan yihiin, aad uga gaabiya RAM waxaad runtii dareemi doontaa saameynta waxqabadka.

Sideed ku ogaan kartaa in aad arrintani ku jirto? Hagaag^(Well) , hubinta xaddiga RAM ee la isticmaalo dhab ahaantii wax badan ma caawinayso. Taasi waa sababta oo ah nidaamyada casriga ah ee hawlgalku waxay isku dayaan inay saadaaliyaan waxaad rabto inaad samayso xiga oo aad hore ugu shubto xogta RAM iyadoo la filayo tan.

Taa bedelkeeda, ikhtiyaarka ugu fiican ayaa ah inaad hubiso isticmaalka RAM - ka dhabta ah ee codsiyada aad ku shaqeyneyso oo aad aragto inay ku kordhineyso RAM ka badan (ama ku dhawaad ​​​​in ka badan) inta aad haysato.

cusboonaysiinta si toos ah maaha jawaabta Mid ka mid ah, waxaad go'aansan kartaa inaadan wada socodsiin dhammaan codsiyadaada hal mar. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tahay cayaaryahan waxaad isku dayi kartaa inaad xirto arjiyada (sida browserka kaaga) markaad ciyaareyso, bedelkii aad u ogolaan lahayd inuu ku qooyo nidaamka gadaasha.

Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad ka yaabban tahay xawaaraha RAM . Tani waa ku dhawaad ​​waligeed walaac^{(almost never a concern)} oo gelinaya RAM degdega ah aawadood ayaa dhif u ah nooc kasta oo farqi la taaban karo ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad ku beddelanayso RAM -kaaga hadda ulaha cusub oo leh awood dheeraad ah, waxaad sidoo kale dooran kartaa cutubyada sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee Motherboard-ka loo qiimeeyo.

GPU-da^{(The GPU)}

Unug^{(Graphics Processing Unit)} farsamaynta garaafyada ama GPU-ga waa jajab khaas ah oo ka shaqeeya hawlaha sawir-qaadista ee kumbuyuutarkaaga. Waxaa lagu dhex dhisi karaa xirmadaada CPU^(CPU) , waxaa lagu dul iibin karaa Motherboard-ka oo ah unug gooni ah (sida caadiga ah ee laptops) ama waxay ku jiri kartaa kaadhka ballaarinta ee goonida ah. Kaas oo ah caadada kombiyuutarrada desktop-ka.

Iyadoo GPU -da loogu talagalay inay qabato shaqada sawir-qaadista, waxay sidoo kale qaban kartaa shaqooyin kale oo ujeedo-guud ah. Maalmahan waxaa badanaa loo istcimaali jiray in si degdeg ah loo sameeyo noocyada xisaabaadka qaarkood ee CPU-yadu^(CPUs) aysan ku wanaagsanayn. Barnaamijyada^(Video) tafatirka fiidyaha, tusaale ahaan, inta badan waxaa ku jira ikhtiyaarka ah in GPU -gu uu dardargeliyo samaynta fiidyaha.

Marka ay timaado shaqooyinkan ujeedo-guud ah, go'aaminta haddii GPU -gu si degdeg ah ugu filan yahay wuxuu la shaqeeyaa CPU -ga . Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad go'aansato haddii wakhtiga lagu qaatay in lagu dhammeeyo shaqada uu yahay mid degdeg ah oo kugu filan ujeedooyinkaaga.

Marka ay timaado soo jeedinta wakhtiga-dhabta ah codsiyada sida ciyaaraha fiidyaha, markaas waxaan rabnaa in aan aragno heerka jir ee ku filan heerka xallinta iyo heerka tafatirka.

Waa maxay heerka cabbirka wanaagsan? Hagaag, taasi waa inta badan doorbidida shakhsi ahaaneed. Bartilmaameedka guud waa 60 fiim oo deggan ilbiriqsikii. Maadaama inta badan bandhigyada macaamiishu ay dib u soo nooleeyaan muuqaalkooda 60Hz, xaraf kasta oo lagu sameeyo lambarkaas waa la luminayaa. 

Taas oo la yiraahdo, hadda waxaa jira kormeerayaal ciyaaraha khaaska ah oo leh heerar dib-u-cusbooneysiin ah oo ka sarreeya 100hz, taas oo run ahaantii aad ka faa'iideysan doonto inaad u ogolaato nidaamkaaga inuu riixo meelo badan, haddii ay awooddo. Haddii aad tahay cayaaryahan, aad ayey muhiim u tahay inaad iibsato GPU -ga aan dib u dhigi doonin CPU -gaaga jira . Fiiri hagaha carqaladaynta GPU^{(GPU bottlenecking)} -ga wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah ee arrintan ku saabsan.

Hard Drive-yada^{(Hard Drives)}

Ma u baahan tahay inaad kor u qaaddo darawalka adag ee kombiyuutarkaaga? Runtii waa su'aal aad u qurux badan. Haddii aad si fudud uga sii dhammaanayso booska darawalnimada aad hadda haysatid, waxa laga yaabaa inay fududaato inaad tirtirto waxyaabaha qaarkood. Ka saar barnaamijyada aadan isticmaalayn

Ka saar qashinka dib-u-warshadaynta iyo dhammaan waxyaabaha kale ee ku jira liiska siyaabaha aad booska bannaanka ugu xorayn lahayd. Kaydinta daruuraha jaban ee maalmahan, waxaad xitaa u wareejin kartaa xogtaada daruuraha adoo adeegsanaya adeeg sida DropBox . Kaas oo^(Which) runtii aad uga jaban (oo ammaan ah) marka loo eego iibsashada darawal adag oo cusub.

Waxaa jira wax ka badan oo ku saabsan darawallada adag marka loo eego booska kaydinta oo keliya si kastaba ha ahaatee. Hard Drive-yadu waxay leeyihiin heerar waxqabad oo kala duwan sidoo kale. Ku dhawaad ​​kombuyuutar kasta oo guri oo jira, darawalka adagi waa qaybta ugu gaabis ah. Mechanical hard drives, oo adeegsada saxannada wareegta iyo akhrinta magnetka, waxaa xaddidaya sharciyada fiisigiska marka ay timaaddo sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay u heli karaan, u akhrin karaan, ugana gudbin karaan macluumaadka platters-kaas.

Wadayaasha wata saxanadaha badan, xawaaraha wareega ee degdega ah iyo kaydiyayaal xogeed oo waaweyn ayaa si degdeg ah u shaqayn doona. Qalabka casriga ah ee adag^{(Modern solid-state drives)} ( SSDs ) ma laha qaybo dhaqaaqa gabi ahaanba. Waxay heli karaan oo wareejin karaan xogta si aad u badan, aad uga dhaqso badan darawal kasta oo makaanik ah.

Haddii kombuyuutarku leeyahay darawal adag oo makaanik ah maadaama uu yahay darawalka ugu weyn, had iyo jeer waa u qalantaa in loo cusboonaysiiyo SSD . Dhab ahaantii, waa mid ka mid ah casriyaynta ugu saamaynta badan kombuyuutarrada da'da weyn, taasoo soo saarta kor u kaca waxqabadka shakhsi ahaaneed ee guud ahaan wax ka qabashada nidaamka marka loo eego wax kasta oo aad samayn karto.

Software-ku ha noqdo hagahaaga^{(Let The Software Be Your Guide)}

Dhammaadka, kombuyuutarku waa kaliya hab lagu dhammeeyo. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, waa software-ka aan runtii daneyno. Taas macnaheedu waa darawalka aasaasiga ah ee qorshooyinkaaga cusboonaysiinta waa inuu noqdaa shuruudaha nidaamka abka aad rabto inaad ku shaqeyso. 

Markaad isku dayayso inaad go'aansato waxa aad ku cusboonaysiinayso kombayutarkaga, waxa fiican inaad hiigsato ugu yaraan shuruudaha lagu taliyay, halkii aad ka ahaan lahayd kuwa ugu yar. Maadaama shuruudaha ugu yar ay badanaa ka dhigan yihiin khibrad adeegsi si weyn loo dhimay.

What Should I Upgrade On My PC? Investing In The Right Hardware

One of the best things about modern computers is how modular they are. Dеsktop computers in particular make it relatively simple to swap out just about any comрonent fоr a better one. 

However, a computer is a complex system, so how should you know which components need upgrading? What should you upgrade on your PC?

The Weakest Link

The ideal computer is built from a mix of components that are well matched to each other. You don’t want a situation where one component is holding the entire system back because it can’t keep up.

This issue is the bane of pre-built computers, especially budget models. System builders will allocate budget to headline components such as the CPU and the scrimp on other components to stay below a target price.

The end result is a pretty unbalanced machine. Alternatively, your computer may have been just fine when it was first built, but now one or more components can’t keep up with new software.

We’ll go over each major component in turn, looking at how to know if it needs an upgrade or not. However, upgrades are not always the only way to go. Check out some of these RAM, GPU and CPU tuning utilities.

The CPU

The CPU or Central Processing Unit does all the general-purpose number crunching of the computer. Everything the computer does depends in some way on the CPU. How can you know if your CPU is underpowered?

The most obvious way is to let the software you want to use be your guide. Applications and games usually come with a minimum and recommended CPU spec. If your CPU falls below the minimum, that’s a rather obvious sign you need something new.

Regardless of on-paper requirements, to figure out if your CPU is holding you back you need two things. The first is a CPU usage monitor and the second is simply your own eyes. What we want to do is see how much of the CPU’s capacity is being used while you go about your business.

For desktop applications, you can simply use the built-in performance monitor in Windows Task Manager. This will show you the percentage of your CPU capacity in use. If you are a gamer on Windows, then you can use the Windows Game Bar (by holding Win+G during a game) and pin the performance widget on the bottom left on the screen, so you can see what’s happening with your system while you play.

Here’s the tricky bit – having your CPU pegged at 100% during operation isn’t necessarily a sign that it needs an upgrade. There are many tasks (such as video conversion or rendering) that will always use 100% of the available CPU capacity. Regardless of whether you have the fastest CPU in the world or the slowest. The only effect is that the job will take longer to complete on slower CPUs. 

If this is the sort of job you need your CPU to do, then you’ll have to decide whether the time it takes with your current hardware is acceptable or not. For professionals for whom time is money, halving production time may be worth far more than the cost of an upgrade.

Where poor CPU performance really hurts is for real-time computer use. If your CPU is showing high levels of usage when using applications and system responsiveness is poor, getting a faster model may be a good idea.

CPU Upgrades for Gamers

For gamers, it’s a little more complicated. The desirable situation is to be “GPU-limited”. That is, the maximum performance of your video games should be limited by your graphics chip and not CPU.

In the Windows Game Bar performance widget, you want to see 100% (or close to it) GPU usage and sub-100% CPU usage. If the situation is reversed, then you’ll experience stutters and possibly unacceptable frame rates. 

You can work around this in various ways without a hardware upgrade. Limiting your frame rate using your GPU utility, in-game settings or simply Vsync can take some stress off your CPU and smoothe out the game. You can also try increasing game graphics settings to the point where the GPU becomes the limiting factor, giving the CPU some time to breathe.

RAM – Random Access Memory

RAM is the fast storage space your CPU uses when working with data. Running applications reside in RAM while in use, which means you need enough of it to fit all the programs you want to run at once.

If you don’t have enough RAM to hold your running applications, it can seriously impact your computer’s performance. Since the computer is forced to store the overflow on your hard drive using something called a “paging file”. Since hard drives (and even SSDs) are much, much slower than RAM you’ll really feel the performance impact.

How do you know if you’re running into this issue? Well, checking the amount of RAM in use doesn’t actually help much. That’s because modern operating systems try to predict what you’ll want to do next and pre-load data into RAM in anticipation of this.

Instead, a better option is to check the actual RAM usage of the applications you are running and see whether it adds up to more (or nearly as much) RAM than you have.

Upgrading isn’t automatically the answer. For one thing, you can decide not to run all your applications at once. For example, if you are a gamer you could try closing applications (such as your browser) when playing, instead of letting it soak up system resources in the background.

You may also be wondering about RAM speed. This is almost never a concern and putting in faster RAM for its own sake rarely makes any sort of practical difference. However, if you are swapping out your current RAM for new sticks with more capacity, you may as well opt for units as fast as your motherboard is rated for.

The GPU

The GPU or Graphics Processing Unit is a specialized chip that handles graphics rendering duties on your computer. It can be built into your CPU package, soldered onto the motherboard as a separate unit (as is usual with laptops) or exist on its own separate expansion card. Which is the norm for desktop computers.

While the GPU is designed to handle graphics rendering work, it can also perform other more general-purpose jobs. These days it’s often used to quickly perform certain types of computations that CPUs aren’t great at. Video editing programs, for example, often include the option to let the GPU accelerated video rendering.

When it comes to these general-purpose jobs, determining if a GPU is fast enough works the same as with a CPU. You need to decide if the time taken to complete the job is fast enough for your purposes.

When it comes to real-time rendering applications such as video games, then we want to see a frame rate that’s high enough at a given resolution and detail level.

What’s a good frame rate? Well, that’s largely personal preference. A common target is a stable 60 frames per second. Since the majority of consumer displays refresh their image at 60Hz, any frames rendered above that number are wasted. 

That being said, there are now specialized gaming monitors with refresh rates well over 100hz, in which case you will actually benefit from letting your system push out more frames, if it can. If you are a gamer, it’s pretty important to buy a GPU that won’t be held back by your existing CPU. Check out our GPU bottlenecking guide for more info on this issue.

Hard Drives

Do you need to upgrade your computer’s hard drive? It’s actually a pretty sophisticated question. If you are simply running out of space on the drive you currently have, it might just be simpler to delete some stuff. Uninstall programs you aren’t using.

Clear out your recycle bin and all the other things on the list of ways to free up space. With cheap cloud storage these days, you can even shift your data into the cloud using a service like DropBox. Which is certainly much cheaper (and secure) than buying a new hard drive.

There’s more to hard drives than just storage space however. Hard drives have different performance levels as well. In just about every home computer that exists, the hard drive is the slowest component. Mechanical hard drives, which use spinning platters and magnetic read heads, are limited by the laws of physics when it comes to how quickly they can find, read and transfer information from those platters.

Drives with more platters, faster rotational speeds and large data buffers will perform more quickly. Modern solid-state drives (SSDs) have no moving parts at all. They can find and transfer data much, much faster than any mechanical drive.

If your computer has a mechanical hard drive as it’s main drive, it’s almost always worth upgrading to an SSD. In fact, it’s one of the most impactful upgrades for older computers, producing a bigger subjective performance increase in overall system responsiveness than anything else you could do.

Let The Software Be Your Guide

In the end, a computer is only a means to an end. In other words, it’s the software we really care about. Which means the primary driver of your upgrade plans should be the system requirements of the apps you want to run. 

When trying to decide what to upgrade on your PC, it’s better to aim for at least the recommended requirements, rather than just the minimum. Since minimum requirements often mean a significantly compromised user experience.

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