Haddii aad waligaa ku rakibto nuqul cusub oo Windows ah dariiqa adag, waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu waydiiyo inaad doorato heerka qaybinta wadista aad rabto inaad isticmaasho. Doorashadu inta badan waxay u dhaxaysaa Diiwaanka Boot Masterka^{(Master Boot Record)} ( MBR ) iyo GUID Qaybta Qaybta^{(GUID Partition Table)} ( GPT ). 

Isticmaalayaasha badankoodu waxay u badan tahay inaysan garanayn farqiga u dhexeeya labadan doorasho iyo mar haddii aad halkan joogto, waxaanu ka shakinnahay adiga midna. Haddii aad leedahay kombuyuutar casri ah, waxay u badan tahay in nidaamkaagu uu yahay SSD cusub , markaa doorkee ayaa ku habboon nooca tignoolajiyada wadista? 

Isku xir^(Buckle) , sababtoo ah jawaabtu waxay u baahan tahay cashar taariikhi ah oo aad u yar iyo xoogaa asal ah oo ku saabsan tignoolajiyada wadida adag ee aadan filaynin inaad maanta barato.

MBR vs GPT

MBR waa nidaamka soo jireenka ah ee lagula soconayo qaybsiyada dariiqa adag. Waxaa markii ugu horreysay la soo bandhigay horraantii 80-meeyadii iyadoo ay la socoto PC DOS 2.0 iyo IBM PC XT . Tan iyo markaas, waxay noqotay xalka miiska qaybta caadiga ah iyo sidoo kale hab lagu maareeyo qaybo badan oo bootable ah.

GPT waa bedelka rasmiga ah ee MBR waxaana lala soo galiyay heerka cusub ee kumbuyuutarka ee UEFI , kaasoo bedelay BIOS -kii caadiga ahaa .

Labada nooc ee miisaska qaybinta waxay ku kala duwan yihiin dhinacyo kala duwan, laakiin waxa ugu muhiimsan ee aad u baahan tahay inaad ogaato waa GPT waa heerka cusub oo guud ahaan ka sarreeya MBR . Taas macnaheedu maaha in MBR uu dhintay! Kumbiyuutarro badan ayaa wali isticmaala BIOS -dhaqameedka aan UEFI ahayn iyo kombiyuutarada cusub ayaa si fiican u awood u leh isticmaalka saxannada MBR .

Waa maxay Qaybaha iyo sababta loo isticmaalo^{(Use Them)} ?

Saamaynta ugu weyn ee doorashadani waxay saamaysaa dabeecadda qaybaha darawalnimadaada. Qaybtu waa kala qaybsanaan muuqaal ah oo ku saabsan darawalkaaga adag. Tusaale ahaan, waxaad u qaybin kartaa 2TB wadne 1TB qayb bootable ah iyo 1TB oo kaydinta xogta ah.

Maxaad sidan u samayn lahayd? Xaaladdaas waxay la macno tahay inaad qaabayn karto qaybta nidaamka oo aad dib u rakibi karto nidaamka hawlgalka adigoon taaban qaybta kale.

Qaybintu waxay abuuri kartaa qaybo badan oo bootable ah oo leh habab hawleed kala duwan. Waa wax caadi u ah dadka isticmaala kuwaas oo u baahan inay isticmaalaan Linux iyo Windows labadaba si ay u abuuraan qaybo mid kasta ka dibna ay doortaan OS-da ay doortaan marka ay boot.

Qaybaha waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa ujeedooyin soo kabashada. Tusaale ahaan, Laptop-yada intooda badani waxay leeyihiin qayb la ilaaliyo oo ku jirta habka ugu weyn ee wadista kaas oo ka kooban software iyo xog kaas oo dib ugu soo celin kara mishiinka inuu ku soo laabto warshaddiisii. Waxaa jira adeegsi badan oo loo isticmaalo qaybo ka sokow tan, laakiin kuwani waa kuwa ugu muhiimsan.

Hoos u dhaca isticmaalka qaybo ka mid ah marka la barbar dhigo isticmaalka wadisyo badan oo jireed, waa in ay jirto ciqaab waxqabad. Maadaama qaybuhu ay ku jiraan isla wadista jireed, waxaa jiri kara muran gelitaan. SSD casriga ah si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhibaatadan inta badan waa la xaliyay. 

Waxa xiiso leh, habka ka soo horjeeda qaybinta darawalku waa isku darka wadis badan oo jireed oo isku dhafan oo ah hal wadid. Tani waxay ku siin kartaa wax qabad la yaab leh iyo faa'iidooyinka dib-u-celinta. U fiirso HDD Raid Vs SSD Raid: Farqiga ugu waaweyn ee ay tahay inaad ogaato^{(HDD Raid Vs SSD Raid: The Major Differences You Should Know)} macluumaad dheeri ah.

Maxay SSD-yadu khaas u yihiin?

Maxay dadku u waydiiyaan su'aasha MBR vs GPT gaar ahaan marka la eego SSDs ? Darawalada adag^(Solid) ee gobolka waxay noqonayaan tignoolajiyada wadista kombayutarka caadiga ah. Aad bay uga kalsooni badan yihiin wadeyaasha farsamada oo aad iyo aad uga dhaqso badan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, SSD^(SSDs) -yadu waxay wataan liis dhibaatooyinkooda. Taas^(Chief) oo ay ugu weyn tahay ifafaale dabar goynta iyo jeexjeexa SSD^{(SSD wear and tear)} . Ku qor^(Write) xogta SSD marar badan oo darawalku wuxuu u wareegayaa hab wax-akhris-kaliya oo wuxuu gaadhay dhammaadka noloshiisa.

Si loo kordhiyo nolosha SSD^(SSDs) -yada oo loo helo waxqabadka ugu badan, waxaa muhiim ah in la qaabeeyo iyada oo la adeegsanayo halbeeg loo habeeyey^(SSD) kaydinta SSDs. Nidaamyada Windows ee noqon lahaa NTFS , macOS waxay u noqon doontaa APFS . Waa inaad sidoo kale isticmaashaa nidaamka qalliinka casriga ah ee SSD-ka warqaba^(SSD-aware) oo yaqaan sida saxda ah ee loogu maareeyo.

Marka la eego dhammaan digniinaha ba'an ee ku xeeran adeegsiga qaabab khaldan ama software wata SSD^(SSDs) -yada , waa wax la fahmi karo in dadku ay la yaaban yihiin in MBR ama GPT ay ugu fiican yihiin SSDs^(SSD) . 

Jawaabta gaaban waa in aad isticmaasho GPT . Jawaabta dheer waxay ku xidhan tahay dhawr arrimood oo saamayn ku yeelan kara doorashada xaaladdaada gaarka ah.

Waxay ku saabsan tahay Booting

MBR waxay lahaan kartaa oo kaliya afar qaybood oo la bootin karo “primary” wad kasta. Waxaad yeelan kartaa qaybo badan, laakiin kuwani waa qaybo "macquul ah" oo ka dhex jira nooc qaybsan oo fidsan.

Daacadnimo, dadka intooda badan taasi waa qaybo boot ka badan inta aad u baahan tahay. Haddii aysan ahayn, doorashadaada kaliya ayaa ah GPT , kaas oo taageero u leh 128 qaybood oo bootable ah.

Taasi maaha farqiga kaliya ee la xidhiidha boot-ka ee u dhexeeya labada jaangooyooyinka miiska qaybinta. Haddii aad isticmaalayso kombuyuutar leh BIOS dhaqameed oo aan ahayn hirgelinta ^(BIOS)UEFI cusub , markaa kama daabi kartid darawal isticmaalaya GPT . Wadaadkan oo kale waxa weli akhriyi kara kombuyuutar ku salaysan BIOS , kamana soo bixi karo. Markaa uma baahnid inaad ka walwasho darawallada dibadda.

Waafaqsanaanta Nidaamka Hawlgelinta

GPT waa mid aan la socon karin nidaamyada hawlgalka Windows ee ka horreeyay ^(Windows)Windows 8 . Markaa haddii aad rabto in aad socodsiiso nidaamyadaas hore ee hawlgalka, ma heli doontid wax kale oo aan ahayn in aad isticmaasho MBR . Haddii aad ku shaqaynayso OS-kaas kombuyuutar ku salaysan BIOS, waxay noqonaysaa meel aan waxba galabsan, sidaan kor ku sharaxnay.

Haddii aad haysatid sabab gaar ah oo aad rabto inaad ku socodsiiso nidaamka qalliinka duugga ah ee qaabeynta kabaha badan ee kumbuyuutarka casriga ah, ka fiirso inaad ku shaqeyso mashiinka farsamada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii uu jiro codsi gaar ah oo kaliya ka shaqeeya Windows XP oo aad weli u baahan tahay, waa inuu si fiican u shaqeeyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo wax la mid ah VirtualBox .

U beddelashada MBR^{(From MBR)} una beddelo GPT: Ma habboon tahay?

Waa suurtagal in laga beddelo MBR loona beddelo GPT , laakiin tani badanaa waxay ku lug leedahay tirtiridda dhammaan xogta ku jirta saxanka. Sidoo kale^(Likewise) , hababka loo sameeyo beddelka goobta ayaa jira, laakiin waxaad u baahan tahay inaad dib u soo celiso dhammaan xogta si aad u noqoto mid badbaado leh, markaa waxaa jira dhib yar. 

Ka beddelashada saxanka jira ee MBR una beddelo GPT^(GPT) ayaa kaliya mudan in la sameeyo haddii MBR uu si uun kuu xaddidayo. Kuma talineyno in aan sameeyo sabab gaar ah. Haddii aad runtii rabto, waa inaad sugtaa marka xigta aad qaabaynayso darawalka si aad isbeddel u samayso.

MBR vs GPT miyay muhiim u yihiin SSDs?

Ma jiro xidhiidh toos ah oo ka dhexeeya isticmaalka SSD iyo doorashada MBR ama GPT midkood . Taas marka la yiraahdo, waxaa fiican inaad GPT u isticmaasho heerka cusub ee kombiyuutar kasta oo ku saleysan UEFI. Haddii aad isticmaalayso SSD wata kombuyuutar ku salaysan BIOS oo aad rabto in aad ka soo saarto saxanka, MBR ayaa ah doorashadaada kaliya.

Maadaama SSD^(SSDs) -yadu u muuqdaan inay aad uga yar yihiin awoodda, xadka awoodda 2TB ee MBR si dhib leh waligiis uma soo galo ciyaarta. Sidoo kale, cabbirka celceliska yar ee SSD^(SSDs) -yada ayaa ka dhigaya wax aan macquul ahayn inaad u baahan doonto qaybo badan oo la bootin karo.

Maxay muhiim tahay in GPT ay bixiso waayo-aragnimo bootin degdeg ah, deggan oo adag. Sababtoo ah GPT waxay ku faafisaa macluumaadka miiska qaybinta muhiimka ah ee hareeraha wadista, si ka duwan MBR , waxay ka soo kaban kartaa musuqmaasuqa wadista ee saameeya hal qayb oo keliya. Markaa xogta rikoorka boot ee lumay dib ayaa loo dhisi karaa.

Ma aha doorasho weyn, laakiin marka lagu weydiiyo oo kumbiyuutarka gaarka ah uu isticmaali karo heerka cusub, GPT had iyo jeer waa habka saxda ah ee loo maro.

MBR vs GPT: Which Format Is Better for an SSD Drive?

Іf you ever install a fresh copy of Windowѕ on a hard drive, you may be aѕked to chooѕe what drive partіtioning standard you want to use. The choice is usually between Master Boot Record (MBR) and GUID Partition Table (GPT). 

Most users probably don’t know the difference between these two options and since you’re here, we suspect neither do you. If you have a modern computer, it’s quite likely that your system drive is a newfangled SSD, so which choice is the right one for that type of drive technology? 

Buckle up, because the answer requires a very minor history lesson and some background about hard drive technology you didn’t expect to learn today.

MBR vs GPT

MBR is the traditional system for keeping track of the partitions on a hard drive. It was first introduced in the early 80s along with PC DOS 2.0 and the IBM PC XT. Since then, it became the standard partition table solution as well as a way to manage multiple bootable partitions.

GPT is the official replacement for MBR and was ushered in along with the new UEFI computer firmware standard, which replaced the traditional BIOS.

The two types of partition tables differ in various respects, but the most important thing you need to know is that GPT is the newer standard and is generally superior to MBR. That doesn’t mean that MBR is dead! Plenty of computers still use a traditional non-UEFI BIOS and new computers are perfectly capable of using MBR disks.

What Are Partitions and Why Use Them?

The main impact this choice has affects the nature of your drive partitions. A partition is a virtual splitting of your physical hard drive. For example, you could partition a 2TB drive into a 1TB bootable partition and a 1TB partition for data storage.

Why would you do this? In that scenario it would mean that you could format the system partition and reinstall the operating system without touching anything on the other partition.

Partitioning can create multiple bootable partitions with different operating systems. It’s common for users who need to use both Linux and Windows to create partitions for each and then choose the OS of their choice at boot.

Partitions are also used for recovery purposes. For example, most laptops have a protected partition on the main system drive that contains software and data which can restore the machine back to its factory default. There are more uses for partitions besides this, but those are the most important ones.

The downside of using partitions compared to using multiple physical drives, is that there’s a performance penalty. Since the partitions exist on the same physical drive, there can be access contention. On a modern SSD however, this problem is largely solved. 

Interestingly, the opposite approach of partitioning a drive is combining multiple physical drives into one virtual drive. This can offer amazing performance and redundancy advantages. Have a look at HDD Raid Vs SSD Raid: The Major Differences You Should Know for more information.

Why Are SSDs Special?

Why do people ask the MBR vs GPT question specifically with regards to SSDs? Solid state drives are becoming the standard computer drive technology. They’re much more reliable than mechanical drives and much, much faster.

However, SSDs come with a list of their own problems. Chief of which is the phenomenon of SSD wear and tear. Write data to an SSD too many times and the drive switches to a read-only mode and has reached the end of its life.

To help extend the life of SSDs and get the most performance out of them, it’s important to format them using a standard that’s optimized for SSD storage. For Windows systems that would be NTFS, for macOS it would be APFS. You should also use a modern operating system that’s SSD-aware and knows how to handle them correctly.

Given all the dire warnings around using the wrong formats or software with SSDs, it’s understandable that people wonder whether MBR or GPT is best for an SSD. 

The short answer is that you should use GPT. The long answer depends on a few factors which could influence the choice in your specific situation.

It’s All About Booting

MBR can only have four bootable “primary” partitions per drive. You can have more partitions, but these are “logical” partitions that exist within a special extended partition type.

Honestly, for most people that’s more boot partitions than you need. If it isn’t, your only choice is GPT, which has support for a whopping 128 bootable partitions.

That’s not the only boot-related difference between the two partition table standards. If you’re using a computer that has a traditional BIOS and not the newer UEFI implementation, then you can’t boot from a drive that uses GPT. Such a drive can still be read by a BIOS-based computer, it just can’t boot from it. So you don’t need to worry about external drives.

Operating System Compatibility

GPT is incompatible with Windows operating systems predating Windows 8. So if you want to run those older operating systems, you’ll have no choice but to use MBR. If you’re running that OS on a BIOS-based computer it’s rather a moot point of course, as we just explained above.

If you have a specific reason you want to run an older operating system in a multi-boot configuration on a modern computer, consider running it in a virtual machine instead. For example, if there’s a specific application that only works in Windows XP that you still need, it should run just fine using something like VirtualBox.

Converting From MBR to GPT: Should You?

It’s possible to convert from MBR to GPT, but this usually involves deleting all the data on the disk. Likewise, methods for doing an in-place conversion exist, but you need to back up all the data to be safe, so there’s little point. 

Converting an existing disk from MBR to GPT is only worth doing if MBR is limiting you in some way. We don’t recommend doing it for no specific reason. If you really want to, you should wait for the next time you format the drive to make the change.

Does MBR vs GPT Matter for SSDs?

There is no direct connection between using an SSD and choosing either MBR or GPT. That being said, you’re better off using GPT as the newer standard on any UEFI-based computer. If you’re using an SSD with a BIOS-based computer and you want to boot from the disk, MBR is your only choice.

Since SSDs tend to be much smaller in capacity, the 2TB capacity limit of MBR hardly ever comes into play. Also, the small average size of SSDs makes it unlikely that you’ll need many bootable partitions on it.

What does matter is that GPT offers a fast, stable and robust booting experience. Because GPT spreads crucial partition table information around the drive, unlike MBR, it can recover from drive corruption that affects only one partition. So that lost boot record data can be rebuilt.

It’s not a major choice, but when you’re asked and the specific computer can use the newer standard, GPT is almost always the right way to go.

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