Aaladaha shabakadu^{(Network tools)} waxay lama huraan u yihiin xalinta arimaha shabakada kombayutarka oo aan u shaqayn sidii la rabay. Waxaa jira waxyaabo aad u yar oo lagu caawin karo soo celinta shabakadda xaaladdeeda saxda ah, iyo laba ka mid ah fursadahaas waa Ping iyo Traceroute .

Labada qalabba waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ciladeeyo shabakada, waxayna u shaqeeyaan siyaabo isku mid ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nidaamka weyn ee walxaha, qalabkani aad bay u kala duwan yihiin. Hadda, waxaa jira qalabyo kale oo aan u isticmaali karno si aan u cilad-qaadno shabakada waxqabadka xun, laakiin maanta, waxaan diiradda saari doonaa oo kaliya labadan.

Qalabka Shabakadda Ping iyo Traceroute

Waa inaan tilmaamnaa in Windows 11/10 , Traceroute loo yaqaan Tracert , halka Cisco iyo Unix , ereyga Traceroute loo isticmaalo halkii. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maadaama shabakadu ay aad ugu xidhan tahay goobaha Cisco , waxaanu dooranay inaanu raacno magaca caanka ah.

Qalabka Ping ee Windows

Marka ay timaado cilad-saarka shabakada, aaladda Ping waa tan ugu badan ee la isticmaalo. Ping , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan ' Packet Internet Groper' , ayaa lagu daray ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan nidaamyada hawlgalka.

Si loo hawlgeliyo, amar ping ayaa loo baahan yahay. Halkaa, waxay u yeeri doontaa ICMP ( Bartakoolka Farriinta Xakamaynta Internetka^{(Internet Control Message Protocol)} ) si ay uga warbixiso khaladaadka oo ay siiso xog muhiim ah habaynta xidhmada IP.

Hadda, habka uu u shaqeeyo Ping waa mid aad u xiiso badan. Marka hore^(First) , waa inaad sheegtaa ciwaanka IP-ga, halkaasna, waa inaad u dirtaa fariin codsi codsi ah oo ICMP ah cinwaankaas. Haddii kombayutarka meesha uu ku socdo uu awoodo inuu helo fariinta, wuxuu dib ula xiriiri doonaa fariinta jawaabta echo ee ICMP .

Marka amarka Ping la sameeyo, badanaa waxay soo saartaa macluumaadka khuseeya waxqabadka shabakadda. Waxaad fikrad ka heli kartaa waxa aan ka hadlayno adiga oo isticmaalaya sawirka kore.

Qalabka Tracert Traceroute ee Windows

Marka la eego waxa Traceroute yahay, si fiican, waa aalad cilad-saareed oo ku saleysan interface-line interface. Ujeedada aasaasiga ah ee qalabkani waa in la go'aamiyo dariiqa uu isticmaalo baakidhku si uu u gaadho yoolkiisa. Si la mid ah Ping , waxaan fahamsanahay in Traceroute uu sidoo kale isticmaalo ICMP ( Farriinta Xakamaynta Internetka^{(Internet Control Message Protocol)} ) sidoo kale.

Laakiin halka Traceroute ay kaga duwan tahay Ping halka ay ICMP ka walaacsan tahay waa inay ku tilmaamto router kasta dariiqa ay qaadeen xirmooyinka. Waad aragtaa, waxaan aaminsanahay in Traceroute ay aad ugu fiican tahay cilad-saarka mashaakilaadka shabakada sababtoo ah waxay si fiican u awood u leedahay in la ogaado meesha saxda ah ee dhibaatada.

Sida Traceroute u aqoonsado dhammaan jiheeyayaasha waddadeeda: Qalabka cilad-raadinta waxay u janjeertaa inay dirto xidhmo codsiyo fariimo ah oo ICMP ah meel gaar ah. ^(ICMP)Hadda, lamaanaha ugu horreeya ee farriimaha waxay leeyihiin xaddidaadda wakhtiga lagu noolaado^{(Time to Live)} ( TTL ) oo loo dejiyay 1. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in router-ka ugu horreeya ee dariiqa uu samayn doono dhaqaaq si uu u tuuro xirmada oo uu keeno fariinta ICMP Time dhaaftay^{(ICMP Time Exceeded)} .

Ugu dambayntii, cabbirka TTL waxa lagu kordhiyey 1 ilaa laga gaadho goobta martida loo yahay oo fariinta jawaabta echo ee ICMP la aqbalayo. ^(ICMP)Laga soo bilaabo halkaas, martigeliyaha asalka ah hadda wuxuu si fudud u isticmaali karaa farriimaha ICMP ee la helay si uu u aqoonsado dhammaan jiheeyayaasha waddada.

Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku socodsiiso amarkan CMD sare:

tracert www.<sitename>.com

Ka warran Traceroute ee nidaamyada hawlgalka Unix ?

Amarku si ka duwan ayuu u shaqeeyaa marka la barbar dhigo nidaamyada hawlgalka Windows . Waxay ka faa'iidaysanaysaa xirmada UDP oo ay la socoto deked aad u ballaaran oo ay la socoto khadadka 33434 ilaa 33534. Tirada dekedaha uma badna in loo isticmaalo codsi kasta oo ku yaal goobta martida loo yahay.

AKHRISO^(READ) : Gudbinta Ping ayaa fashilantay Khaladka guud ee fashilka.^{(Ping Transmit failed General failure error.)}

Ping and Traceroute Network tools explained in detail

Network tools are essential for solving issues with a computer network that is not performing as it should. There are quite a few things can do to aid in returning a network to its rightful state, and two of those options are Ping and Traceroute.

Both tools are designed to troubleshoot a network, and they work in similar ways. However, in the grand scheme of things, these tools are very different. Now, there are other tools we can use to troubleshoot a bad-performing network, but today, we will only focus on these two.

Ping and Traceroute Network tools

We should point out that on Windows 11/10, Traceroute is known as Tracert, while on Cisco and Unix platforms, the term Traceroute is used instead. However, since networking is more connected to Cisco platforms, we’ve chosen to go with the more common name.

Ping tool in Windows

When it comes down to troubleshooting a network, the Ping tool is the most commonly used. Ping, also known as Packet Internet Groper, is included with almost all operating systems.

To activate it, a ping command is required. From there, it will invoke ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to report errors and provide important data to IP packet processing.

Now, the way Ping works is quite interesting. First, you will have to specify an IP address, and from there, you must send an ICMP echo request message to that address. Should the destination computer be able to receive the message, it will communicate back with an ICMP echo reply message.

When a Ping command is made, it usually outputs relevant information regarding the network’s performance. You can have an idea of what we’re talking about via the image above.

Tracert Traceroute tool in Windows

In terms of what Traceroute is, well, it is a troubleshooting tool that is based on a command-line interface. The primary purpose of this tool is to determine the path used by a packet to reach its target. In a similar way to Ping, we understand that Traceroute also uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) as well.

But where Traceroute differs from Ping where ICMP is concerned is that it pinpoints each router by the path taken by the packets. You see, we believe Traceroute is excellent for troubleshooting network problems because it is better able to detect the exact location of the problem.

How Traceroute identifies all routers in its path: The troubleshooting tool tends to send a bunch of ICMP echo packets message requests to a particular destination. Now, the first couple of messages have a Time to Live (TTL) limit set to 1. This means the first router in the path will make a move to discard the packet and deliver an ICMP Time Exceeded message.

Finally, the TTL parameter is increased by 1 until the destination host is reached and the ICMP echo reply message is accepted. From there, the original host can now easily use the received ICMP messages to identify all routers in a path.

You need to run this command in an elevated CMD:

tracert www.<sitename>.com

What about Traceroute on Unix operating systems?

The command works a bit differently when compared to Windows operating systems. It takes advantage of the UDP package along with a vast destination port along the lines of 33434 to 33534. These port numbers are unlikely to be used by any application located at the destination host.

READ: Ping Transmit failed General failure error.

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