Koodhka sirdoonku wuu nuugaa^(Passcodes) . Waxay ku qaataan waqti dheer inay wax ku qoraan, way fududahay in la iloobo, dadka badankiisuna waxay u badan tahay inay doortaan shay runtii sahlan in la qiyaaso, taas oo dhaawacaysa ammaankooda. Tani waa sababta hababka unlock biometric ay aad caan u yihiin. 

Dhammaan marka laga reebo taleefannada casriga ah^{(smartphones)} ee ugu jaban hadda waxay leeyihiin sawir-qaadayaasha faraha lagu dhex dhisay. Hal taabasho yar oo talefankaagu waa furay, kaas oo ku habboon. Laakiin aalado badan ayaa sidoo kale hadda isticmaalaya aqoonsiga wejiga halkii ay shaashaduhu aad u weynayeen. Apple kama duwana oo waxay bixisaa aalado isticmaala labadan tignoolajiyada si ay u sugaan. Tignoolajiyada si rasmi ah loogu yaqaan Aqoonsiga Wajiga^{(Face ID)} iyo Aqoonsiga Taabashada^{(Touch ID)} .

Laakiin sidee u shaqeeyaan aqoonsiga wajiga^{(Face ID)} iyo sawirka faraha?

Waa maxay Aqoonsiga Wajiga & Aqoonsiga Taabashada?

Jawaabta cad ee su'aashan ayaa ah in Aqoonsiga Waji^{(Face ID)} uu yahay nidaamka fur furka wajiga iyo aqoonsiga taabashada^{(Touch ID)} waa habka furitaanka faraha. Shaqada^(Job) la qabtay. Dhamaadka maqaalka. Sax^(Right) ? Hagaag, way ka dhib yar tahay taas sababtoo ah inkasta oo shirkado badan oo kala duwan ay isticmaalaan weji iyo faraha si ay u furaan qalabkooda, dhammaantood isku si uma shaqeeyaan.

Labadan nidaam ee biometric waa xal u gaar ah Apple ee dhibaatada biometric. Tani waa arrin sababtoo ah shirkadaha sida Apple waxay dareemayaan in habkooda iyo tignoolajiyada ay ka ammaan badan yihiin tartankooda. Waa arrin sababtoo ah tuugada iyo kuwa kale ee ku takhasusay amniga ayaa u suurtagashay in ay nacasiyaan nidaamyadan oo kale waagii hore. 

Sidaad filan lahayd, waxaa jira tartan u dhexeeya abuurayaasha dareemayaasha amniga biometric iyo kuwa raba inay ka adkaadaan. Waa inaad ogaataa sida dareemayaasha qalabkaaga Apple u shaqeeyo iyo waxa xaddidaadkoodu yahay.

Sidee U Shaqeeyaa Aqoonsiga Wajiga & Aqoonsiga Taabashada?^{(How Does Face ID & Touch ID Work?)}

Aqoonsiga taabashada waa nidaamka biometrika ee ugu bislaaday ee Apple oo waxaad ka heli doontaa moodooyinka qaarkood ee iPhones, iPads, iyo MacBook Pros . Dareemayaasheeda waxay u isticmaalaan crystal sapphire sida walxaha badhanka. Tani waa mid aad u adag oo si cajiib ah u adkaysanaysa xagashada, taas oo ah sababta kamaradaha casriga ah ee casriga ah ay sidoo kale isticmaalaan muraayadaha sapphire-ka. 

Markaad farta saarto badhanka, sawir aad u sarreeya ayaa laga qaadayaa farahaaga. Algorithm-ka softiweerka iska leh ayaa markaa baari sawirka, isaga oo u beddelaya farahaaga xisaab saafi ah. Tan waxa markaa la barbar dhigaya isbeddelka xisaabta ee kaydsan ee sawirka faraha ee la diwaangeliyay markii la sameeyay aqoonsiga Touch . ^{(Touch ID)}Haddii ay ku habboon yihiin, markaa qalabku wuu furayaa. 

Aqoonsiga^{(Face ID)} wajigu sidoo kale wuxuu u shaqeeyaa si qurux badan. Qalab badan ayaa u isticmaala kamarad caadi ah aqoonsiga wejiga. Waxay barbar dhigaysaa sawirka ay ku leedahay diiwaanka iyo kan aad soo bandhigayso si aad u furto qalabka. Software-ka sameeya isbarbardhigga wejiga ayaa ah mid aad u casri ah, laakiin qaar badan oo ka mid ah kamaradahan ma kala saari karaan farqi u dhexeeya sawirka ama maaskarada, si ay u khiyaaneeyaan inay furaan.

Aqoonsiga wajiga^{(Face ID)} , dhanka kale, wuxuu isticmaalayaa kamarad TrueDepth gaar ah si ay u abuurto khariidad qoto dheer oo aad u faahfaahsan oo wajigaaga ah. Mid leh in ka badan 30 000 dhibcood. Waxay tan ku darsataa sawirka infrared ee wejigaaga si aad u abuurto muuqaal wejiga. Mashiinnada shabakada neerfaha ee qaybaha qalabka wax lagu barto ee farsameeyayaasha aaladaha mobilada ee casriga ah ee Apple ayaa ka dhigaya heerkan casriga ah ee suurtogalka ah.

Haddaba intee ayay ammaan yihiin tignoolajiyadaasi oo ma ku fiican yihiin inaad ku kalsoonaato?

Cilladaha Ammaanka Biometric General^{(General Biometric Security Flaws)}

Ugu horreyntii^(First) , qaar ka mid ah baylahda amniga ayaa khuseeya nidaamyada biometric guud ahaan. Dhibaatada ugu weyn ee isticmaalka dhinac ka mid ah bayoolajigaaga si aad u furto wax waa inaadan bedeli karin. Haddii qof uu ku guulaysto in uu koobi kaamil ah ka sameeyo farahaaga ama wejigaaga, wax walba way furi karaan. Haddii qof ogaado furaha sirta ah ama lambarka sirta ah, kaliya beddel. 

Noocan oo kale ah ayaa horay u dhacay iyo sida dareemayaasha biometric-gu ay ku hareeraysan yihiin iyada oo aad u faahfaahsan oo eegaysa dhinacyo badan oo bayoolajigaaga ah. Tusaale ahaan, tafaasiisha ugu fiican ee farahaaga ama joogitaanka kulaylka jidhka. Kuwa doonaya inay jabiyaan nidaamyadan waa inay ku fiicnaadaan dib u habeynta bayoolajigaaga, taas oo ah mid aan macquul ahayn hackerka celceliska ah ee barta qaarkood.

Daciifnimada ugu weyn ee hababka biometric waa mid aad u fudud. Qof ayaa si fudud u qaadi kara fartaada ama wejiga oo kugu qasbi kara inaad furto qalabkaaga. Taasi way ka duwan tahay erayga sirta ah ama koodka kaas oo aad “hili karto” ama haddii kale aad hayn karto. Waxaynu kaga hadli doonaa dhacdadan dhamaadka maqaalka.

Sidee U Ammaan Yihiin Aqoonsiga Wajiga & Aqoonsiga Taabashada?^{(How Secure Are Face ID & Touch ID?)}

Tani waa xoogaa su'aal ah oo la raray maadaama ay taasi kuxirantahay waxa qeexida 'ammaan' tahay. Caadiyan, amniga nidaamyada kuwan oo kale ah waxaa lagu muujiyaa sida nasiibka qof si aan kala sooc lahayn u garaacay. Taasi waa habka "xoogga caqiido" ee dildilaaca qufulka dhijitaalka ah. Aqoonsiga taabashada^{(Touch ID)} waxaa jira 1 ka mid ah 500,000 oo fursad ah in faraha qof uu la mid yahay kaaga oo aqoonsiga taabashada^{(Touch ID)} la khiyaami doono. 

Dabcan, taasi aad ayay uga duwan tahay marka la barbar dhigo qof samaynta sawirka farahaaga ama samaynta kuwa been abuurka ah ee sawirka. Mar labaad, sida ay ugu dhowdahay inay taasi dhacdo waxay ku xidhan tahay qofka aad tahay iyo haddii qof lagu dhiirigelinayo inuu qaado waddadan xad-dhaafka ah. Haddii aad tahay VIP soo jiidata dareenka noocan oo kale ah, waa inaadan isticmaalin biometrics, maadaama aysan ku filneyn ammaan heerkaas khatarta ah fikradayada.

Aqoonsiga wejigu^{(Face ID)} aad buu uga ammaansan yahay dhinaca xoogga xoogga ah marka loo eego tirooyinka Apple. Iyada oo hal-in-a-fursad qof random u eg adiga oo kale. Mataanaha isku midka ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay halkan ka reeban yihiin. Haddaba ka waran sawirada ama maaskaro wajigaaga soo celiya? Aqoonsiga^{(Face ID)} wajigu waxa uu leeyahay tallaabooyin liddi ku ah tan. Sida kor ku xusan, sawiradu ma shaqayn doonaan maadaama kamaradu ay dareemi karto qoto dheer. Waxay isticmaashaa tignoolajiyada shabakada neerfaha si ay sidoo kale u yarayso isticmaalka maaskaro. 

Ma jiraan tirooyin noo sheegaya sida ay tani waxtar u leedahay, laakiin mar kale celceliska isticmaalaha, ninna ma doonayo inuu ku bixiyo kumanaan ama xitaa malaayiin doolar abuurista tignoolajiyada si looga adkaado Aqoonsiga Wajiga^{(Face ID)} . Haddii aad tahay madaxweynaha waddan, ha isticmaalin qufulka biometric.^{(don’t use biometric locks.)}

Dhaqdhaqaaqa IOS Biometric Killswitch^{(Activating The iOS Biometric Killswitch)}

Hadda hal arrin ayaa hadhay. Maxaa dhacaya haddii qof uu awood u leeyahay inuu kugu qasbo furaha taleefankaaga? Kaliya waa inay ku fiiqaan wajigaaga ama fartaada saaraan, ka dib oo dhan. Haddii aad u malaynayso inaad gelayso xaaladdan, waxaad si fudud u gujin kartaa badhanka shidan/off shan jeer iyo biometrics waa la curyaami doonaa si ay u doorato lambarka sirta ah.

IPhone 8 iyo ka kor waxaad u baahan tahay inaad tuujiso badhanka dhinaca iyo mid ka mid ah badhamada mugga. Hababkani way ka duwanaan karaan markaad tan akhrido, markaa hubso inaad eegto habka dilaaga biometric ee qalabkaaga gaarka ah ee iOS.

Marka la soo koobo: Aqoonsiga wajiga iyo aqoonsiga taabashada^{(Touch ID)} ayaa amaan u ah dadka intiisa badan, laakiin maaha dadka u baahan amniga darajada militariga^{(military-grade security)} . Haddii aad si kastaba ha ahaatee aad u jahwareersan tahay, isticmaal lambarka sirta ah ee lix-god ah.

S2M Explains : How Do Face ID & Fingerprint Scan Work? Are They Secure?

Passcodes suck. Theу take a long timе to type in, it’s easy to forget them and most people probаbly pick sоmething really easy to guess, which hurts their security. This is why biometric unlock methods are so popular. 

All but the most inexpensive smartphones now have fingerprint scanners built-in. One little touch and your phone unlocks, which is pretty convenient. But more devices are also now using facial recognition instead since screens are getting so large. Apple is no different and offers devices that use both of these technologies to secure them. Technologies that are officially known as Face ID and Touch ID.

But how do Face ID and fingerprint scans work?

What Are Face ID & Touch ID?

The obvious answer to this question is that Face ID is a face unlock system and Touch ID is a fingerprint unlock system. Job done. End of article. Right? Well, it’s a little more complicated than that because although lots of different companies use faces and fingerprints to unlock their devices, they don’t all work in the same way.

These two biometric systems are Apple’s proprietary solutions to the biometric problem. This matters because companies like Apple feel that their approach and technology are more secure than their competition. It matters because hackers and other security specialists have managed to fool systems like these in the past. 

As you’d expect, there’s a race between the creators of biometric security sensors and those who want to defeat them. You must know how the sensors on your Apple device work and what their limitations are.

How Does Face ID & Touch ID Work?

Touch ID is Apple’s most mature biometric system and you’ll find it on certain models of iPhones, iPads, and MacBook Pros. Its sensors use the sapphire crystal as the button material. This is very hard and incredibly resistant to scratches, which is why high-end smartphone cameras also use sapphire lens covers. 

When you place your finger on the button, a very high-resolution image is taken of your fingertip. A proprietary software algorithm then examines the image, transforming your fingerprint into pure math. This is then compared to the stored mathematical transformation of the fingerprint that was registered when Touch ID was set up. If they match, then the device unlocks. 

Face ID works in a pretty smart way as well. Many devices use a normal camera for facial recognition. It compares the photo it has on record with the one you are presenting to unlock the device. The software that does the facial matching is quite sophisticated, but many of these cameras can’t tell the difference between a photo or a mask, so they can be fooled into unlocking.

Face ID, on the other hand, makes use of a specialized TrueDepth camera to create a very detailed depth map of your face. One with over 30 000 points. It combines this with an infrared image of your face to create a facial profile. The neural net machine learning hardware components of modern Apple mobile device processors make this level of sophistication possible.

So how secure are these technologies and are they good enough for you to trust?

General Biometric Security Flaws

First of all, some security vulnerabilities apply to biometric systems in general. The biggest problem with using an aspect of your biology to unlock something is that you can’t change it. If someone managed to make a perfect copy of your fingerprint or face, they could unlock anything. If someone figures out a password or passcode, just change it. 

This sort of thing has happened in the past and the way that biometric sensors have got around it is by becoming more detailed and looking at multiple aspects of your biology. For example, finer details of your fingerprints or the presence of body heat. Those who want to defeat these systems have to get better at replicating your biology, which is impractical for the average hacker at a certain point.

The biggest weakness of biometric systems is a pretty simple one. Someone can simply take your finger or face and force you to unlock your device. That’s different from a password or code which you can “forget” or otherwise withhold. We’ll deal with this scenario at the end of the article.

How Secure Are Face ID & Touch ID?

This is a bit of a loaded question since that depends on what your definition of ‘secure’ is. Usually, the security of systems like these is expressed as the odds of someone randomly beating them. That’s the “brute force” method of cracking a digital lock. For Touch ID there’s only a 1 in 500,000 chance of someone’s fingerprint being similar enough to yours that Touch ID will be fooled. 

Of course, that’s very different compared to someone making an impression of your fingerprint or creating fake ones from a scan. Then again, how likely that is to happen depends on who you are and if someone would be motivated to take this extreme path. If you’re a VIP who draws this sort of attention, you shouldn’t be using biometrics, since they aren’t secure enough at that risk level in our opinion.

Face ID is more secure from a brute force perspective according to Apple’s numbers. With a one-in-a-million chance of a random person looking enough like you. Identical twins are perhaps the exception here. So what about photographs or masks that replicate your face? Face ID has countermeasures for this. As mentioned above, photos won’t work since the camera can sense depth. It uses neural net technology to also mitigate against the use of masks. 

There are no numbers to tell us how effective this is, but once again for the average user, no one is going to spend thousands or even millions of dollars creating technology to defeat Face ID. If you’re the president of a country, don’t use biometric locks.

Activating The iOS Biometric Killswitch

Now only one issue remains. What if someone is in a position to force you into unlocking your phone? They just have to point it at your face or put your finger on it, after all. If you think you may be entering this situation, you can simply click the on/off button five times and biometrics will be disabled in favor of a passcode.

On the iPhone 8 and up you need to squeeze the side button and either of the volume buttons. These methods could be different when you read this, so be sure you look up the biometric killswitch method for your specific iOS device.

In short: Face ID and Touch ID are plenty secure for most people, but not for people who need military-grade security. If you are however very paranoid, use a six-digit passcode instead.

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