Ma jeclaan lahayd inaad ogaato inta dekedood ee furan ee laga helay kumbiyuutar kasta ama qalab kasta oo ka mid ah shabakadaada? Ma doonaysaa in aad qiimeyso sida uu u wanaagsan yahay ilaalinta dab-damiska iyo sida ay u nugul yihiin? Kadib, waa inaad isku daydaa Nmap - qalab il furan oo loogu talagalay hubinta amniga. Waxaan u isticmaalnaa dib u eegistayada xalalka amniga waxaanan u maleyneynaa inay tahay mid cajiib ah. Waa inaad sidoo kale tijaabisaa.

Soo bandhigida Nmap & Zenmap - Sawirka Amniga^{(Security Scanner)}

Nmap waxa loola jeedaa " Khariidadda Shabakadda^{(Network Mapper)} "waana aaladda khadka taliska ee daahfurka shabakada iyo hubinta amniga. Waa lacag la'aan, il furan iyo multiplatform. Waxay ku shaqayn kartaa Windows , Linux iyo Mac OS X . Waxay awood u leedahay qaar ka mid ah walxaha runtii horumarsan waana sababta ay u adeegsadaan maamulayaal badan oo shabakado ah iyo xirfadlayaasha amniga ee adduunka oo dhan.

Waxaan xusay inay tahay aaladda khadka taliska. Tani waxay hubaal ah inay damin doonto dadka aan jeclayn degdega ah ee amarka^{(Command Prompt)} . Nasiib wanaag, waxaa sidoo kale jira Zenmap^(Zenmap) - macmiil gaar ah kaas oo bixiya interface muuqaal ah Nmap .

Waxaad ka soo dejisan kartaa halkan: Nmap for Windows . Raadso layn oranaya "Isku rakibe sii dayntii ugu dambeysay"^{("Latest release self-installer")} . Taasi waa macmiilka Nmapka^(Nmap) oo leh is-dhexgal muuqaal ah oo loogu talagalay Windows . Sida cad, waxay ku shaqeysaa labada Windows 7 iyo Windows 8 .

Ku rakib kombayutarka meesha aad rabto in aad xisaabinta ka samayso, maaha mid aad rabto in lagu qiimeeyo.

Sida Loo^{(Your Network)} Baadho Kombiyuutarada^(Computers) & Qalabka^(Devices) Shabakaddaada

Ku bilow Zenmap^(Zenmap) adiga oo isticmaalaya hab gaaban oo ku yaala Start Menu (Windows 7) ama shaashadda bilawga^(Start) (Windows 8).

Daar kombuyuutarrada iyo aaladaha aad rabto inaad qiimeyso oo hubi inay ku xidhan yihiin shabakadda. Kadib, daaqada Zenmapka^(Zenmap) , ka raadi goobta Bartilmaameedka^(Target) . Ku qor ciwaanka IP-ga kombayutarka ama aaladaha aad rabto in aad iskaan ka samayso. Waxa kale oo aad isticmaali kartaa magaca kombayutarka, haddii aad taqaano oo uu ku habboon yahay.

The, ee goobta Profile , dooro nooca iskaanka aad rabto in aad samayso. Guud ahaan^(Generally) , skaanka xooggani waxa uu bixiyaa dulmar wanaagsan oo aad u dhaqso badan.

Marka xigta, taabo batoonka Scan oo isla markiiba UAC ayaa lagu muujiyay. ^(UAC)Xaqiiji in aad rabto in aad horay u sii waddo iskaanka oo sug. Gudaha Nmap Output tab, waxaad ku arki doontaa hawlo badan oo socda. Marka sawirku dhamaado, laynka ugu dambeeya ee tabkaas ayaa odhan doona "Nmap done" .

Hadda waxaad akhrin kartaa dhammaan macluumaadka lagu muujiyey tab Nmap Output oo hubi tabsyada kale ee la heli karo.^{(Nmap Output)}

Dekadaha Ports/Hosts tab waxay taxaysaa dhammaan dekedihii la helay iyagoo furan.

Topology tab waxa ay wadaagtaa dulmar muuqaal ah oo ku saabsan sida kombayutarka/qalabka aad iskaan ka qaaday ay ugu taagan yihiin shabakada, marka loo eego kombayutarka meesha aad iskaanka ka samaysay .^(Topology)

The Host Details tab waxay wadaagtaa dulmar muuqaal ah natiijooyinka Nmapka^(Nmap) . Tani waxay si dhakhso ah u noqon doontaa tab aad ugu jeceshahay maaddaama ay wax walba u wadaagto qaab aad u dheefshiidka leh.

Shabakadda Scans - ka waxa ay la wadaagtaa kaliya taariikhda baadhista aad ku samaysay Zenmap .

Dhanka midig, meel u dhow badhanka Hosts , kaas oo si toos ah loo furay, waxaad haysataa badhanka Adeegyada . ^(Services)Guji^(Click) isaga, oo Zenmap ayaa shaandheyn doonta dhammaan macluumaadka lagu muujiyey tabskeeda, iyadoo loo eegayo adeeg kasta oo shabakad.

Waxaad u isticmaali kartaa natiijooyinka baaritaannada aad sameyso si aad u xoojiso ilaalinta firewall-ka ee kumbuyuutarrada iyo aaladaha shabakadaada. Kadib, waxaad samayn kartaa baaritaanno kale oo waxaad isticmaali kartaa Zenmap si aad u barbar dhigto natiijooyinka.

Zenmap waxa^(Zenmap) ay kaydisaa taariikh dhamaystiran oo ku saabsan iskaannadaada iyo isbarbardhigga waa sahlan tahay in la sameeyo, iyadoo la isticmaalayo liiska Qalabka^(Tools) .

Gabagabo

Sidii aan horayba u soo sheegnay Nmap -ka iyo macmiilkeeda is dhexgalka isticmaalaha - Zenmap, waa qalab aad u adag. Tilmaan-bixiyahan waxaan kaliya ku xoqay dusha waxa ay samayn karaan. Sidaa darteed, ha ka waaban inaad tijaabiso, tijaabi oo sidoo kale akhri dukumeentiga rasmiga ah: Tusaha Tixraaca Nmap^{(Nmap Reference Guide)} . Waxaad ka heli doontaa waxyaabo badan oo wanaagsan oo aad akhrido oo aad barato.

Scan for Open Ports & Evaluate the Security of Your System with Nmap

Would you like to know how many open ports are found on each computer or deνice that is part of your network? Do уou want to evaluаte how good their firewаll protection iѕ and how νulnerable they are? Thеn, you should try Nmap - an open source tool for security auditing. We use it in our reviews for security solutions and we think it is awesome. You should also try it out.

Introducing Nmap & Zenmap - the Security Scanner

Nmap means "Network Mapper" and it is a command line tool for network discovery and security auditing. It is free, open source and multiplatform. It can run on Windows, Linux and Mac OS X. It is capable of some really advanced stuff and that's why it is used by many network administrators and security professionals all over the world.

I mentioned that it is a command line tool. This will definitely turn off people who do not love the Command Prompt. Luckily, there is also Zenmap - a special client which provides a visual interface for Nmap.

You can download it from here: Nmap for Windows. Look for line that says "Latest release self-installer". That's the Nmap client with a visual interface for Windows. Obviously, it runs on both Windows 7 and Windows 8.

Install it on the computer from where you want to do the auditing, not on the one you want evaluated.

How to Scan the Computers & Devices on Your Network

Launch Zenmap using its shortcut on in the Start Menu (in Windows 7) or the Start screen (in Windows 8).

Turn on the computers and devices you want to evaluate and make sure they are connected to the network. Then, in the Zenmap window, look for the Target field. Type the IP address of the computer or devices you want to scan. You can also use the computer name, if you know it and it is more convenient.

The, in the Profile field, select the type of scan you want to perform. Generally, the intense scan provides a good overview and it is over relatively fast.

Next, press the Scan button and a UAC prompt is shown. Confirm that you want to go ahead with the scan and wait. In the Nmap Output tab, you will see lots of activity going on. When the scan is over, the last line in that tab will say "Nmap done".

Now you can read all the information displayed in the Nmap Output tab and check the other tabs available.

The Ports/Hosts tab lists all the ports that were found open.

The Topology tab shares a visual overview of how the computer/device you have scanned is positioned in the network, relative to the computer from where you made the scan.

The Host Details tab shares a visual overview of the Nmap's findings. This will quickly become your favorite tab as it shares everything in a very digestible format.

The Scans tab only shares the history of the scans you have made with Zenmap.

On the right, near the Hosts button, which is enabled by default, you have the Services button. Click on it, and Zenmap will filter all the information displayed in its tabs, on a per network service basis.

You can use the results of the scans you perform to harden the firewall protection on your network computers and devices. Then, you can perform other scans and use Zenmap to compare the results.

Zenmap stores a complete history of your scans and comparisons are easy to make, using the Tools menu.

Conclusion

As mentioned before Nmap and its visual user interface client - Zenmap, are very complex tools. In this guide I've only scratched the surface of what they can do. Therefore, don't hesitate to try them out, experiment and also read the official documentation: Nmap Reference Guide. You will find plenty of good stuff to read and learn.

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