Da'da sirnimadu waxay u muuqataa inay dhammaanayso, laakiin taasi macnaheedu maaha inaad si badheedh ah u bixiso dhammaan macluumaadkaaga. Haddana taasi waa waxa ay kumanaan qof sameeyaan maalin kasta marka ay tuuraan kombuyuutar duug ah.

Drive-kaas adag, xataa haddii aanad u malayn in uu wali shaqaynayo, waxa laga yaabaa in xogta oo dhan laga goosto.

Maxaad samayn kartaa si aad u hubiso in canshuur celintaada, lambarkaaga bulshada, iyo dhammaan macluumaadka bangiyada aan la isticmaali karin baddie-ga bakhaarka dib u warshadaynta elektaroonigga ah? Taasi waa waxa aan maanta eegi doono.

Ku Soo Celi Marka Hore

Waanu wacdin doonaa ilaa dunida oo dhami ay soo noqoto. Hubi inaad kaydiso dhammaan xogta aad uga baahan tahay darawalkii hore ee adag haddi ay suurtogal tahay.

Waxaan haynaa maqaallo ku saabsan sida looga soo saaro feylasha darawallada adag ee dhintay iyadoo la adeegsanayo saxannada samatabbixinta Linux^{(how to retrieve files from dead hard drives using Linux rescue disks)} . Waxaan helnay maqaal ku saabsan sida loo isticmaalo meel ka baxsan Hard Drive-ka si aan xogta uga soo ceshano darawalka dhintay^{(how to use an external hard drive dock to recover data from a dead hard drive)} . Waxaan xitaa helnay maqaal ku saabsan sida loo soo ceshado faylasha si qalad ah loo tirtiray .

Ma jirto cudur daar. Kaydi xogtaada

U Samaynta Qaabka Waaxda ^(Department)Difaaca^{(Defense Style)}

Haddii qof uu doonayo inuu ogaado sida loo sameeyo wax aan waxtar lahayn, waxay noqon doontaa dadka isticmaala qaynuunka qayb ka mid ah qalabkooda. Haa, ciidamadii hore ee wanaagsanaa.

Sida wax kasta oo ka mid ah ciidamada waxaa jira halbeeg loogu talagalay burburinta xogta iyo sidoo kale jaantuska go'aan qaadashada.

Waaxda Difaaca^(Department) ( DoD^(Defense) ) waxay^(DoD) leedahay hal mar, laakiin waxay dib u dhigeen heerka uu dhigay Machadka Qaranka ee Sayniska^(Science) iyo Teknolojiyada^(Technology) ( NIST ).

DoD - gu , iyo ururo kale oo dawli ah oo aan tiro lahayn, waxay raacaan Daabacaadda Gaarka ah ee NIST 800-88, Dib-u-eegista 1, Tilmaamaha Fayadhowrka Warbaahinta^{(NIST Special Publication 800-88, Revision 1, Guidelines for Media Sanitization)} .

Nidaamyadu waxay dejiyaan saddex heer oo ah burburinta xogta ama nadiifinta sida ay ugu yeeraan.

Cad^(Clear)

Si loo nadiifiyo xogta waxay la macno tahay in la isticmaalo habab macquul ah si aad xogta uga dhigto mid adag in la soo kabsado. Si fudud^(Simply) loo dhigo, waxay la macno tahay in la isticmaalo nooc ka mid ah barnaamijka si loo tirtiro xogta ku jirta darawalka adag.

Habka Cad^{(The Clear Method )} - laga bilaabo tilmaamaha -

“Overwrite media by using organizationally approved and validated overwriting technologies/methods/tools. The Clear procedure should consist of at least one pass of writes with a fixed data value, such as all zeros. Multiple passes or more complex values may optionally be used.”

Waxaad samayn kartaa wax sidan oo kale ah adiga oo buuxinaya eber adiga oo isticmaalaya disk live Linux ah^{(performing a zero fill using a Linux live disk)} .

Nadiifin^(Purge)

Nadiifintu waa tilaabo laga soo qaaday nadiifinta. Waxaa ka mid ah isticmaalka hababka macquulka ah, sida kor ku xusan, iyo hababka jireed si ay u adag tahay in la soo kabsado xogta. Waa in ay adagtahay xitaa qof leh shaybaadhka soo kabashada xogta oo leh dhammaan qalabka quruxda badan.

Habka Nadiifinta:^{(The Purge Method:)} Tilmaamuhu waa erayo yar, markaa waan soo koobi doonaa.

Samee habka cad^(Clear) . Ka dib samee tix-raac qarsoodi ah, kaas oo ku beddelaya dhammaan eber ama qaab been abuur ah. Tan samee dhowr jeer. Dabadeed ku dhufo koronto-magnet aad u xoog badan, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano degausser.

Ama kala saar dareewalka adag oo ku orod magnetka xoogga badan mid kasta oo ka mid ah saxanadaha, ama saxanadaha, gudaha. Run ahaantii, tani waa shaqo ka badan inta ay mudan tahay. Halkaa marka ay marayso, waxa laga yaabaa in aad si buuxda u burburto.

Dumi^(Destroy)

Haa, tani waa heerka xogta la tirtiray oo darawalka adag uu ka dhigayo mid aan faa'iido u lahayn wax kasta oo aan ahayn biraha qashinka ah iyo mashaariicda farshaxanka casriga ah.

Habka Burburinta -^{(The Destroy Method – )} laga bilaabo tilmaamaha -

“Shred, Disintegrate, Pulverize, or Incinerate by burning the device in a licensed incinerator.”

Haddaba sidee baannu si badbaado leh u " jeexjeexnaa^(Shred) , u burburi^{(Disintegrate)} karnaa , u burburin karnaa^(Pulverize) , ama u gubin karnaa...^{(Incinerate…)} " darawal adag?

Habka ugu badbaadsan waa in la geeyo shirkad ku takhasustay burburinta xogta. Kharashka lagu burburinayo darawalka adagi waa ku kala duwan yahay shirkad ahaan iyo habka, laakiin meel ku dhow $70 maaha wax aan macquul ahayn. Waa caymis jaban haddii aad qiyaasi karto waxa ninka xun uu ku samayn karo aqoonsigaga.

Shirkadaha sumcadda leh waxay heli doonaan silsilad buuxda oo dukumeenti ah oo lagu hayo si loo hubiyo in darawalka adag uu burburay. Laakiin weli, waxaan aragnay dhacdooyin badan oo CSI ah si aan u ogaano in mararka qaarkood caddayntu ay maqan tahay.

Waxaan kugula talineynaa inaad codsato in la arko iyadoo la burburinayo si aad si buuxda u hubiso inay maqan tahay. Waxaa dheer, runtii waa madadaalo!

Xirfadlayaasha burburinta xogta^(Data) waxay isticmaalaan habab kala duwan. Daloolinta, burburinta, xiiridda, iyo xoqidda dhabta ah ayaa ah hababka ugu caansan. Gubashada ama burburinta aashitada ayaa aad uga yar caannimada maadaama ay leeyihiin khatarahooda, labadaba dadka iyo deegaanka.

Nafteyda ma baabi'in karaa Hard Drive-ka?

U fiirso, kuma^{(NOT )} talineyno inaad adigu burburiso darawalka adag. Xataa iyada oo la adeegsanayo qalabka ilaalinta shakhsi ahaaneed ee saxda ah ( PPE ) iyo qalabka guriga ee wanaagsan, khatarta dhaawaca naftaada ayaa aad u badan.

Ha^{(Do NOT)} isku dayin inaad naftaada burburiso darawal adag. Aad bay khatar u tahay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadka qaarkiis waxay sameeyeen iyagoo gashanaya PPE^(PPE) sida gaashaanka wejiga iyo muraayadaha indhaha, dukaan ilaalinta, galoofyada, iyo laga yaabee xitaa qaar ka mid ah difaacayaasha dhegaha ka dibna burburiyay darawalka adag.

Qodista Hard Drive-ka

Dadka qaar ayaa qaatay laydh tayo sare leh oo koronto ah ama madbacyo dalool ah, iyo bir-xawaaraha sareeyo ama cobalt oo daloolyo badan ka sameeyay daaska adag ee wadista iyo saxanadda gudaha ku jirta.

Waxay noqon kartaa mid aad u buuq badan, oo gabalkuna wuu duuli karaa. Waa suurtogal in la jebiyo birta laydhka oo aad taasna ku duuli karto. Dadku way sameeyeen, laakiin maaha inaad.

Xataa khatarta ka sii daran, qaar baa musmaarro waaweyn qaatay oo ay dubbe ku dhex mareen wadista adag. Taasi waxay samayn doontaa khiyaamada sidoo kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma aha ammaan.

Burburinta Hard Drive-ka

Ku wadida wadista adag ee baabuurka maaha hab wax ku ool ah oo lagu burburiyo. Ku waditaanka iyada oo uumi-lule waa. Laakin yaa ku haysta guriga?

Dadka ku burburiyay dariiqa adag ee guriga ayaa sidaas ku sameeyay iyaga oo isticmaalaya madbacadaha haydarooliga oo awood u leh in ay abuuraan xoog badan. Qof kastaa ma haysto mid ka mid ah kuwan, laakiin haddii ay lahaayeen saaxiib ka shaqeeya baabuurta in badan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay isticmaalaan saxafadooda.

Haddii saxaafad aan la heli karin, dubbe wanaagsan oo 5 rodol ah ayaa sidoo kale la isticmaalay. Tani waxay keenaysaa in waxyaabo badan oo af leh ay duulaan. Si taas looga hortago, dadka qaar ayaa darawalka adag ku riday bac maro adag ah, ka hor inta aanay iska dhigin Thor .

Kordhinta Hard Drive-ka

Ma aha wax aan hore loo arag in darawal adag lagu dhex tuuro dab dab ah oo muddo dheer ku gubanayay sariir cad oo dhuxul kulul ah. Ma aha caqli ama ammaan in tan la sameeyo. Walax adag ayaa ku jirta walxo sun ah, markaa ma rabto in lagu sii daayo jawiga. Waxaan ku baryaynaa, ha samayn tan.

Waxaa suurtogal ah in xitaa khatarta ka sii badan ay tahay isticmaalka shumaca garaaca si loo gubo darawalka adag. Tani waxay kaaga baahan tahay inaad si toos ah u qabato tooshka iyo darawalka adag. Tani gabi ahaanba amaan ma aha mana aha in marnaba la sameeyo.

Kala saar Hard Drive^{(Hard Drive Apart)} - ka oo burburi Platters- ka^(Smash)

Waxaa jira dad leh kaashawiito T7x50mm oo taas u isticmaalay in ay ka saaraan boolaladaha kiiska adag ee wadida. Dabadeed, iyagoo isticmaalaya dubbe iyo bir yar oo bir ah, waxay birta birta ku taabteen meelo bannaan oo kiiska ah oo ay fureen.

Kolka ay kiisku furto ayay saxamada ka soo saaraan oo dubbe ku dhuftaan ama ku dul talaabsadaan oo ay meel adag ku dhuftaan oo ay saxannada ku xoqaan ilaa heer aanay waxba tarayn. Mar labaad^(Again) , tan ha samayn.

Waxaa xiiso leh in la arko gudaha darawalka adag, oo waxaa jira xoogaa magnets dhulka dhif ah gudaha kuwaas oo xiiso leh, laakiin aan ammaan ahayn, in lagu ciyaaro.

Qaadashada

Haddaydaan tan wax kale ka helin, xikmaddan qaado.

• Ka kaabi^(Backup) xogta Hard Drive-yada aad tuurayso.
• Hubi^(Make) in dariiqa adagi uu gabi ahaanba yahay oo gabi ahaanba laga dhigay mid aan shaqaynayn qof kasta adiga oo isticmaalaya shirkad xog-yaqaan ah oo burburisa.
• Ha isku dayin in aad jidh ahaan u burburiso darawalka adag ee laftaadu, laakiin ka daawo fiidiyowyada dadka burburinaya darawallada adag ee YouTube . Aad bay u maaweeliyaan!

How To Safely Destroy An Old Hard-Drive

The age of privacy appears to be coming to an end, but that doesn’t mean you should willingly give up all your information. Yet that’s what thousands оf peoрle do everyday when they throw out аn old computer.

That hard drive, even if you don’t think it still works, can have all the data harvested off of it.

What can you do to make sure your tax returns, social security number, and all that banking information is unusable to the baddie scrounging at the electronics recycling depot? That’s what we’re going to look at today.

Back It Up First

We’ll preach it until the whole world is converted. Make sure you back up all the data you need from that old hard drive if at all possible.

We’ve got articles on how to retrieve files from dead hard drives using Linux rescue disks. We’ve got an article on how to use an external hard drive dock to recover data from a dead hard drive. We’ve even got an article on how to recover accidentally deleted files.

There’s no excuse. Back up your data.

Doing It Department Of Defense Style

If anyone is going to know how to render something completely useless, it’s going to be the people that use ordinance as part of their toolkit. Yes, the good old military.

Like anything in the military there is a standard for data destruction as well as a decision-making flowchart.

The Department of Defense (DoD) did have their own standard at one time, but they have deferred to the standard set out by the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST).

The DoD, and countless other government organizations, follow NIST Special Publication 800-88, Revision 1, Guidelines for Media Sanitization.

The guidelines lay out three levels of data destruction or sanitization as they call it.

Clear

To clear the data means to use logical methods to render the data hard to recover. Simply put, it means using some sort of program to erase the data on the hard drive.

The Clear Method – from the guidelines –

“Overwrite media by using organizationally approved and validated overwriting technologies/methods/tools. The Clear procedure should consist of at least one pass of writes with a fixed data value, such as all zeros. Multiple passes or more complex values may optionally be used.”

You could do something like this by performing a zero fill using a Linux live disk.

Purge

Purging is a step up from clearing. It includes using logical methods, like above, and physical methods to make it hard to recover data. It has to make it hard for even someone with a data recovery lab with all the fancy equipment.

The Purge Method: The guidelines are a bit wordy, so we’ll summarize.

Do the Clear method. Then do a cryptographic erase, which overwrites with all zeros or a pseudorandom pattern. Do this several times. Then hit it with a very strong electromagnet, also known as a degausser.

Or take the hard drive apart and run the strong magnet over each of the platters, or disks, inside. Honestly, this is more work than it’s worth. At this point, you may as well go full destroy.

Destroy

Yes, this is the level where the data is obliterated and the hard drive is rendered completely useless for anything but scrap metal and modern art projects.

The Destroy Method – from the guidelines –

“Shred, Disintegrate, Pulverize, or Incinerate by burning the device in a licensed incinerator.”

So how do we safely “Shred, Disintegrate, Pulverize, or Incinerate…” a hard drive?

The safest way is to take it to a company that specializes in data destruction. The cost to have the hard drive destroyed varies by company and method, but somewhere around $70 is not unreasonable. It’s cheap insurance if you can imagine what the bad guy could do with your identity.

Reputable companies will have full chain of custody documentation to ensure that your hard drive was destroyed. But still, we’ve seen to many CSI episodes so we know that sometimes evidence just goes missing.

We recommend that you ask to see it be destroyed so that you can be completely certain it is gone. Plus, it’s really entertaining!

Data destruction professionals use a variety of methods. Puncturing, crushing, shearing, and actual shredding are the most popular methods. Incineration or destruction via acid are far less popular as they have their own hazards, both to people and the environment.

Can I Destroy a Hard Drive Myself?

Pay attention, we do NOT recommend destroying a hard drive yourself. Even with proper personal protective equipment (PPE) and good home tools, the risk of injury to yourself is too much.

Do NOT attempt to destroy a hard drive yourself. It is too dangerous.

However, some people have done it by putting on PPE like a face shield and goggles, a protective shop apron, gloves, and maybe even some ear defenders and then destroyed the hard drive.

Drilling The Hard Drive

Some people have taken a high quality power drill or drill press, and a high-speed-steel or cobalt drill bit and made multiple punctures right through the hard drive casing and the platters inside.

It could be very noisy, and pieces could go flying. It’s possible to break the drill bit and have that go flying too. People have done it, but you should not.

Even riskier, some have taken large nails and driven them through the hard drive with a hammer. That would do the trick too. Completely unsafe, though.

Crushing The Hard Drive

Driving over the hard drive with a car is not an effective way to crush it. Driving over it with a steamroller is. But who has a steamroller at home?

People who have crushed a hard drive at home have done so using hydraulic presses capable of generating tons of force. Not everyone has one of these but if they had a friend who works on cars a lot, they might have used their press.

If a press isn’t available, a good old 5 pound sledge hammer has been used as well. This causes lots of sharp things to go flying. To help prevent that, some people have put the hard drive in a sturdy cloth bag, before pretending to be Thor.

Incinerating The Hard Drive

It’s not unheard of for a hard drive to get tossed into a bonfire that’s been burning a long time with a bed of white hot coals. It is not wise or safe to do this. There’s toxic materials in a hard drive, so you don’t want that being released into the atmosphere. We implore you, do not do this.

Possibly even riskier is using a blow torch to incinerate the hard drive. This requires you to directly handle a torch and the hard drive. This is not safe at all and should never be done.

Take The Hard Drive Apart & Smash The Platters

There are folks who have a T7x50mm screwdriver and used that to remove the screws from the hard drive case. Then, using a hammer and a small pry bar, they have tapped the pry bar into gaps in the case and pried it open.

Once the case is open, they would remove the platters and hammer them or step on them and scuff them around a hard surface, scraping the platters to the point of uselessness. Again, do not do this.

It is interesting to see the insides of a hard drive though, and there are some powerful rare earth magnets inside that are fun, but unsafe, to play with.

The Takeaway

If you get nothing else from this, take this wisdom with you.

• Backup data from hard drives you are disposing of.
• Make sure the hard drive is completely and utterly rendered inoperable to anyone by using a professional data destruction company.
• Do not try to physically destroy the hard drive yourself, but do watch videos of people destroying hard drives on YouTube. They are very entertaining!

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