Macnaha dhabta ah ee sawirka faraha^{(fingerprint)} waa aragtida farahaadu ka baxayso marka aad wax taabato. Dhiirrigelinta iyo tiirarka si cad looga arki karo muraayad weynayn hoosteeda. Sida aan ognahay, qof walba fartiisa oo dhan waa mid gaar ah. Taas oo macnaheedu yahay haddii farahaagu la mid yahay kuwa goobta dembigu ka dhacay, waxa fiicnaan lahayd inaad sharaxaad fiican ka hesho sababta.

Markaa, marka aan ka hadalno faraha browserka^{(browser fingerprinting)} , waxay u badan tahay inaad horeba u haysatid fikradda guud. Sidaad malaha u malaysay, waa hab lagu garto cidda soo booqatay goob iyadoo la aqoonsanayo qaybaha gaarka ah ee daalacashadahooda. Waa maxay dhinacyadani? Waan ku faraxsanahay^(Glad) inaad weydiisay!

Waa maxay Shaygan Farta lagu daabacay si kastaba^{(Stuff Anyway)} ?

Aynu qiyaasno inaad haysato nuqul cusub oo Windows ah oo aad hadda rakibtay browserka shabakadda ee aad dooratay.

Markaad booqato mareegaha, mareegahaas wuxuu ka codsan karaa dhammaan noocyada macluumaadka ku saabsan kombiyuutarkaaga browserka. Mashiinkan cusub, wuxuu ogaan doonaa waxyaabaha ay ka mid yihiin qalabka kombayuutarku isticmaalayo, waxa xallinta shaashaddu tahay iyo nooca Windows ee aad ku shaqaynayso.

Markaad isticmaaleyso kumbuyuutarka, booqo boggaga internetka oo aad ku rakibto plugins, kumbuyuutarkaaga iyo browserkaagu waxay noqonayaan kuwo aad iyo aad u gaar ah. Taas oo macnaheedu yahay browser-ka gaarka ah iyo kombuyuutarka loo isticmaalo in lagu booqdo goob la siiyay hadhow la is waafajin karo.

Aynu nidhaahno waxaad shidaysaa nooc ka mid ah ilaalinta sirta, sida VPN . Inkasta oo ISP- gaaga iyo goobta fog ee aad ku xidhan tahay ay mugdi ku jiraan cidda aad tahay ama meesha aad ka timid, farahaaga browserka ayaa wax u sheegi kara.

Haddii laba goobood ay labaduba is barbar dhigaan faraha, waxaa laga yaabaa in lagugu xiro labadaba. Haddii aad booqatay mid iyaga ka mid ah adigoon haysan wax ilaalin ah oo gaar ah, waxaad xaqiijin doontaa dhaqdhaqaaqaaga intarneedka iyadoo ay u muuqato "mid aan la garanayn".

Sida Loo tijaabiyo Sawirka Farahaaga^(Browser)

Waxaad tijaabin kartaa in browserkaagu uu si fudud uga tagayo daabacaad gaar ah. Waxaa jira dhowr qalab oo online ah oo kashifaya macluumaadkaas si aad u aragto. Midka ugu fudud ee lagu talinayo waa Panopticlick 3.0 ee Mu'asasada Frontier Electronic .

Waxa kaliya ee ay tahay inaad sameyso waa guji "I tijaabi" waxaadna arki doontaa dhowr ilbiriqsi gudahood in browserkaagu uu yahay mid gaar ah oo ku filan inuu noqdo khatar sir ah. Horey u soco oo hadda tijaabi.

Ka Tagitaan La'aanta Faraha Gadaal

Malaha inta badan ee akhriday tan waxaad ku guuldareysateen imtixaankii dabagalka. Haddaba maxaad samayn kartaa si aad magacaaga qarisid?

Jawaabta su'aashan waxay ku timaadaa heerar. Ma jiro 100% hab aan nacasnimo ah oo lagu qarin karo daalacashadaada, laakiin waxaad ku adkeyn kartaa in ku filan in ku alla kii raba inuu raad raaco baadhistaada aanu heli doonin agab ama dhiirigelin uu ku sameeyo.

Aynu eegno qaar ka mid ah tillaabooyin wax ku ool ah oo aad qaadi karto si aad u noqoto qarsoodi online ah.

Qaababka wax baarista gaarka ah

Daalacashada caanka ah sida Chrome ama Firefox waxay leeyihiin habab wax baadhiseed oo gaar ah oo damiya hawlo badan oo loo isticmaalo dabagalka iyo faraha.

Marka aad ku jirto qaabka wax u baadhista gaarka ah, kumbiyuutarku ma hayn doono cookies ama xogta goobta. Ma qarinayso waxyaabo badan goobta aad booqanayso, laakiin waxay ka hortagtaa ururinta xog gaar ah oo loo isticmaali karo in lagugu aqoonsado.

Dabcan, kuma isticmaali kartid intarneedka oo dhan qaabkan. Markaa u gudub tab gaar ah markaad booqanayso boggaga waxaad doorbidi lahayd inaadan haysan qayb ka mid ah wadarta xogtaada aqoonsiga.

Laad Dhaqanka Fidinta

Waxka bedel kasta oo aad ku samayso browserkaagu waxa ay sahlaysaa in aad u sheegto marka laga reebo isticmaalayaasha kale ee shabakada. Waxay noqon kartaa mid aad u xiiso badan in aad runtii wax ka bedesho khibradaada waxaana jira kordhinta quruxda badan ee daalacashada sida Chrome .

Nasiib darro, haddii aad danaynayso in lagu baaro oo la ogaado, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka fogaato isticmaalka kordhinta. Waa hagaag^(Well) , marka laga reebo hal. Kordhinta Badgerka^{(Privacy Badger)} Qarsoonnimada ee EFF waxay dhab ahaantii xannibaysaa tignoolajiyada raadraaca aan muuqan oo waxaad ka heli kartaa Firefox iyo Opera .

Bye Bye Javascript

JavaScript waa udub dhexaadka shabakada casriga ah. Waa luuqad qoraal ah oo u ogalaata mareegaha inay sameeyaan wax kasta oo qurxoon, is dhexgal iyo waxgarad. Sidoo kale waa habka ugu muhiimsan ee shabakadaha ay ku weydiiyaan nidaamkaaga oo ay faraha ka qaadaan browserkaaga.

Markaa haddii aad runtii rabto inaad iska ilaaliso in la raadiyo oo la raadiyo, curyaaminta JavaScript waa hab adag. Mid ka mid ah aaladaha caanka ah ee la shaqeeya Firefox waa NoScript . Waxa kale oo ay ka hortagtaa tuugada.

NoScript waa inaad si cad u caddaysaa boggaga aad ku kalsoon tahay JavaScript ^(NoScript),^(JavaScript) markaa aad bay u ammaan tahay,

Isticmaal daalacashada caanka ah

In kasta oo ay wanaagsan tahay in la isku dayo wax ka baxsan dariiqa la garaacay, maaha fikradda ugu fiican haddii aad danayso sirta browserka. Way fiicantahay inaad ku dhegganaato browser-yada caanka ah. Markaa iska ilaali niche iyo daalacashada aadka wax laga beddelay.

Waxaa jira siyaabo badan oo aad ku muujin karto shaqsinimadaada, laakiin tani waa hal meel oo ay dhab ahaantii fikrad xun tahay. 

Qaabka Maamulaha^(Mode) : Isticmaal Mashiinka^(Machine) Farshaxanka ah , VPN iyo Nidaamka Hawlgelinta Qarsoodiga^{(Privacy Operating System)} ah

Haddii aad rabto in xal adag lagu helo oo lagu ogaado caadooyinkaaga wax raadinta intarneedka, waxa suurtogal ah in aad samayso wax yar oo "Nukliyeer ah" marka la eego sirta. Marka la isku daro dhowr tignoolajiyada waxaad si weyn u dhimi kartaa fursadaha lagu aqoonsan karo boggaga aad booqato.

Cuntadani waxay u dhacdaa sidatan:

• Isticmaal mashiin dalwaddii^{(a virtual machine)} , kaas oo qarinaya qeexidaada hardware dhabta ah.
• Ku socodsii nidaamka shaqada ee diiradda saaraya sirta^{(privacy-focused operating system)} gudaha mashiinnada farsamada. Dabadu^(Tails) waa doorasho wanaagsan.
• Isticmaal kaydka Tor browserka^{(Tor browser)} , kaas oo mar horeba lagu daray Dabo^(Tails) .
• Isticmaal VPN oo aan kaydin diiwaanka dhaqdhaqaaqa, si ISP- gaagu aanu u helin xog xidhiidh la leh xogta bogga aad booqato.

Marka la isku daro, tallaabooyinkani waxay aad ugu adkeynayaan ISP-gaaga ama goobta aad booqato inay si gaar ah kuu aqoonsadaan.

Dabcan, midkoodna macno ma leh haddii aad si mutadawacnimo ah u aqoonsato. Gelida Facebook ama Twitter waxay ka dhigeysaa shaki yar oo ku saabsan qofka aad tahay. Taas macnaheedu waa inaad sidoo kale ka warqabto macluumaadka aad si cad u bixiso iyo inay tahay waxaad rabto inaad sameyso iyo in kale.

How Browser Fingerprinting Hurts Online Privacy & What To Do About It

The literal mеaning of fingerprint is the impression your fingertip leaves when you touch something. The whorls and ridges that can be clearly seen under a magnifying glass. As far as we know, each person’s whole fingerprint is unique. Which means if your fingerprints match those at the scene of a crime, you’d better have a good explanation why.

So, when we talk about browser fingerprinting, you probably have the general idea right already. As you probably thought, it’s a way to identify who has visited a site by identifying the unique aspects of their browsers. What aspects are these? Glad you asked!

What Is This Fingerprinting Stuff Anyway?

Let’s imagine that you have a freshly-installed copy of Windows and have just installed the web browser of your choice.

When you visit a website, that website can request all sorts of information about your computer from the browser. On this fresh new machine, it will know things like what hardware the computer is using, what the screen resolution is and the version of Windows you’re running.

As you use the computer, visit websites and install plugins, your computer and browser becomes more and more unique. Which means that the specific browser and computer used to visit a given site can be matched later.

Let’s say you switch on some sort of privacy protection, such as a VPN. Although your ISP and the remote site you connect to are in the dark about who you are or where you are from, your browser fingerprint can tell them something.

If two sites both compare fingerprints, you may be linked to both. If you visited one of them without any privacy protection, you will have confirmed your internet activity while ostensibly “anonymous”.

How To Test Your Browser Fingerprint

You can test whether your browser is leaving a unique print around quite easily. There are several online tools that expose that information for you to see. The one that’s easiest to recommend is the Electronic Frontier Foundation’s Panopticlick 3.0.

All you have to do is click “TEST ME” and you’ll see within a few seconds whether your browser is unique enough to be a privacy risk. Go ahead and try it now.

Leaving No Fingerprint Behind

Presumably most of you reading this have failed the tracking test. So what can you do to anonymize your browser?

The answer to this question comes in degrees. There is no 100% foolproof way of anonymizing your browsing, but you can make it hard enough that whoever wants to track your browsing won’t have the resources or motivation to do so.

Let’s look at some practical steps you can take to become more anonymous online.

Private Browsing Modes

Popular browsers such as Chrome or Firefox have private browsing modes that switch off plenty of functions used for tracking and fingerprinting.

When you’re in private browsing mode, the computer won’t retain cookies or site data. It doesn’t hide many things from the site you are visiting, but it does prevent the accumulation of some unique data that could be used to identify you.

Of course, you can’t use the entire internet in this mode. So switch over to a private tab when visiting sites you’d rather not have as part of your total ID data.

Kick The Extension Habit

Every modification you make to your browser makes it easier to tell it apart from all the other users on the net. It can be tempting to really customize your experience and there are many brilliant extensions for browsers like Chrome.

Unfortunately, if you care at all about being tracked and identified, you need to refrain from using extensions. Well, except for one. The Privacy Badger extension from the EFF actually blocks invisible tracking technologies and you can get it for Firefox and Opera.

Bye Bye Javascript

JavaScript is a cornerstone of the modern web. It’s a scripting language that lets websites do all sorts of fancy, interactive and intelligent things. It’s also the main way that websites interrogate your system and fingerprint your browser.

So if you really want to avoid getting tracked and traced, disabling JavaScript is a strong method. One popular tool that works with Firefox is NoScript. It also provides protection against clickjacking.

With NoScript you have to explicitly whitelist the sites you trust with JavaScript, so it’s very secure,

Use Popular Browsers

While it’s cool to try something off the beaten path, it’s not the best idea if you care about browser privacy. It’s best to stick to browsers that are very popular. So avoid niche and heavily modified browsers.

There are many ways to express your individuality, but this is one area where it’s actually a bad idea. 

Boss Mode: Use a Virtual Machine, VPN and Privacy Operating System

If you want a more hardcore solution to being tracked and identified through your internet browsing habits, it’s possible to do something a little “nuclear” in terms of privacy. By combining several technologies you can radically reduce the chances that you can be identified by the sites that you visit.

The recipe goes something like this:

• Use a virtual machine, which hides your true hardware specifications.
• Run a privacy-focused operating system within the virtual machines. Tails is a good choice.
• Use the stock Tor browser, which is already included in Tails.
• Use a VPN that does not store activity logs, so that your ISP has no data for correlation with data from sites you visit.

In combination, these measures make it very hard for either your ISP or the site you visit to uniquely identify you.

Of course, none of that matters if you volunteer your identity. Logging into Facebook or Twitter leaves little doubt about who you are. Which means you also have to be cognizant about the information you openly provide and whether it’s what you want to do or not.

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