Sida caadiga ah shabakada gurigu u shaqeyso waa in qof kasta oo wata eraygaaga sirta ah uu ku xidhi karo shabakadaada guriga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa suurtogal in lagu daro lakab kale oo ammaan ah halkaas oo kaliya qalab gaar ah loo oggol yahay inay ku xidhmaan. Tan waxa loo yaqaan shaandhaynta cinwaanka MAC .

Maskaxda ku hay si kastaba ha ahaatee in shaandhaynta ciwaanka Mac aanu ahayn hal xal oo ammaan ah. Waxay kaliya u adeegtaa sidii heer dheeri ah oo adag oo loogu talagalay hackers-ka. Waa lakab ay wali awood u yeelan doonaan inay jabiyaan (hoos eeg), laakiin wax kasta oo ku adkeynaya arrimahoodu had iyo jeer waa wax wanaagsan.

Waa maxay sababta Aaladaha Liiska Cadaynta?^{(Why Whitelist Devices?)}

Router-kaagu wuxuu maamulaa dhammaan taraafikada shabakada ee gudaha iyo dibadda shabakadaada guriga. Waxay go'aaminaysaa in aaladaha qaarkood loo oggol yahay inay ku xidhmaan shabakadda gurigaaga.

Caadi ahaan, gelitaankan waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa haddii isticmaalaha aaladda uu ku qoran yahay erayga sirta ah ee shabakadda iyo in kale. Kani waa erayga sirta ah ee aad ku habayso qaybta Set Password -ka ee hoos timaada menu-ka badbaadada^(Security) ee routerkaaga.

Tani waa caqabada kaliya ee ka hor istaagta hacker-ku inuu ku xidhmo shabakadaada. Haddii aad dejisay furaha sirta ah ee adag, taasi way kugu filnaan kartaa. Nasiib darro, dadka intooda badan waxay dejiyaan erayga sirta ah ee si fudud u fudud in la jebiyo^{(password that are fairly easy to crack)} iyadoo la isticmaalayo aaladaha aasaasiga ah ee hackers.

Waxaad ku dari kartaa lakabka labaad ee amniga adiga oo u oggolaanaya kaliya qalab gaar ah inay ku xidhmaan shabakadaada guriga.

Sidee u Shaqeeyaa Ciwaanka MAC Shaandheynta^{(How MAC Address Filtering Works)}

Waxaad dejin kartaa router-kaaga si aad u ogolaato kaliya qalab gaar ah adiga oo ku daraya cinwaanadooda MAC liiska ^(MAC)xakamaynta^{(Access Control)} marinka ee router .

• Caadiyan, waxaad ka heli kartaa liiskan adiga oo galaya routerkaaga oo aad u sii gudubto liiska Amniga^(Security) . Waxaad ka heli doontaa liiska aaladaha hoos yimaada Control Access^{(Access Control)} .

• Waxaad awood u siin kartaa sifada sifaynta Cinwaanka Mac adiga oo dooranaya Daar Kontoroolka Helitaanka^{(Turn on Access Control)} .
• Marka tan la furo, waxaad dooran kartaa ka jooji dhammaan aaladaha cusub inay ku xidhmaan^{(Block all new devices from connecting)} .
• Marka tan la doorto, waxaad awoodi doontaa inaad doorato mid kasta oo ka mid ah aaladaha horay ugu xirnaa oo aad xannibi haddii aadan aqoonin.

• Waa fikrad wanaagsan intaad tan samaynayso inaad iskaan dhex marto aaladaha oo aad hubiso dhammaan aaladaha liiska ku jira iyo cinwaannada MAC inay yihiin aalado aad aqoonsan tahay.
• Haddii, hadhow, aad u baahato inaad ku darto qalab cusub liiska, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad beddesho goobta si aad u Oggolow dhammaan aaladaha cusub inay ku xidhmaan^{(Allow all new devices to connect)} . Kadibna ku xidh qalabka shabakada adoo isticmaalaya erayga sirta ah ee shabakada
• Marka la xidho, ku laabo goobaha Kontroolka Helitaanka^{(Access Control)} oo u beddel goobta si aad uga xidho dhammaan aaladaha cusub inay ku xidhmaan^{(Block all new devices from connecting)} .

Router-yada qaarkood ayaa kuu oggolaanaya inaad geliso aaladaha iyo cinwaannada MAC gacanta. ^(MAC)Laakiin si tan loo sameeyo, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad ogaato cinwaanka MAC ee kumbuyuutarka aad ku xiran tahay.

Sida Loo Aqoonsado Mac Ciwaanka Kombayutarkaga^{(How To Identify The Mac Address Of Your Computer)}

Hubinta cinwaanka Mac ee nidaamka ^(Mac)Windows waa mid aad u fudud.

• Fur daaqadda Command Windows^{(Windows Command)} , ku qor ipconfig /all oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) .
• Ka dhex raadi^(Search) natiijooyinka shabakada adabtarada ee muujisa in lagu xidhay shabakad.
• Qoraal ku samee Ciwaanka Jirka^{(Physical Address)} ee ku taxan qaybtaas.
• Ciwaanka jireed wuxuu la mid yahay ciwaanka MAC ku xiran ee ka muuqda routerkaaga.

Nidaamka MacOS , nidaamku wax yar ayuu ka duwan yahay.

• Fur Doorashooyinka Nidaamka^{(System Preferences)} oo dooro Shabakadda^(Network) .
• Dooro shabakada ku xidhan oo dooro badhanka Advanced .
• Dooro tabka Hardware si aad u aragto ^(Hardware)ciwaanka MAC^{(MAC Address)} ee ku taxan xagga sare.

Waxaad arki kartaa hababka kor ku xusan si aad u hesho ciwaanka MAC ee PC ama Mac , ama xitaa qalabyada kale, oo dhamaystiran oo leh shaashado iyo faahfaahin dheeraad ah, hagahan sida loo go'aamiyo cinwaanka MAC .

Qalabka sida Google Home , Alexa , Philips Hue lights , ama qalabyada kale ee guriga ee smart, waxaad inta badan ka heli kartaa cinwaanka MAC oo ku daabacan calaamadda qalabka hoosteeda. Kani inta badan waa isla calaamaddii aad ka heli lahayd lambarka taxanaha ah.

Markaad haysato ciwaanka MAC ee dhammaan aaladaha u baahan in lagu caddeeyo, waxaad gali kartaa router-ka oo aad hubisaa inay mar hore ku xidhmeen, ama ku dar cinwaanka MAC liiska jira.

Siday Hackers-ku u garaacaan Cinwaanka MAC shaandhaynta^{(How Hackers Beat MAC Address Filtering)}

Waxaa jira siyaabo badan oo ay tuugtu ku jabin karaan xeeladahaaga kala duwan si ay u sugaan Wi-Fi gaaga iyo shabakada gurigaaga^{(secure your Wi-Fi and home network)} . Hackers sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin hab ay ku dhex maraan shaandhaynta cinwaanka MAC sidoo kale.^(MAC)

Mar hacker uu garto in laga xannibay gelitaanka shabakadaada iyagoo isticmaalaya ciwaanka MAC shaandhaynta, waxa kaliya ee ay tahay inay sameeyaan waa inay ku shubaan ciwaankooda MAC^{(spoof their own MAC address)} si ay ugu dhigmaan mid ka mid ah ciwaanada aad ogolaatay.

Waxay tan ku sameeyaan:

• Gelida Shabakadda iyo Xarunta Wadaagga ee^{(Network and Sharing Center)} ku dhex taal Control Panel.
• Doorashada Beddel adabtarada^{(Change adapter settings)} .
• Doorashada guryaha^(Properties) adabtarada shabakadooda iyo badhanka Configure .
• Doorashada Ciwaanka Shabakadda^{(Network Address)} iyo buuxinta goobta qiimaha leh ciwaanka ^(Value)MAC ee la rabo .

Taasi waa qaybta ugu fudud. Qaybta adag ayaa ah in jabsiga uu sidoo kale u baahan doono inuu isticmaalo baakad wax lagu uriso si uu u jiido ciwaanada MAC ee hadda jira ee ku xidhan shabakadaada. Aaladahan software-ku had iyo jeer uma fududa hiwaayadda inay isticmaalaan, waxayna qaadan karaan dadaal inay si sax ah u isticmaalaan.

Goobaha kale ee tignoolajiyada ayaa laga yaabaa inay kuu sheegaan in maadaama ay jabsadayaashu sidan samayn karaan, markaa ma habboona in la isticmaalo shaandhaynta cinwaanka MAC gabi ahaanba. ^(MAC)Laakiin taasi gabi ahaanba run maaha. Haddii aadan isticmaalin shaandhaynta cinwaanka MAC :

• Xataa ma aad xannibayso kuwa aan jabsade ahayn ama tuugta Wi-Fi-ga ee hiwaayadda u ah shabakadaada.
• Waxaad iska ilaalinaysaa lakab fudud oo ammaan ah sabab la'aan.
• Ma isku dayaysid inaad ka dhigto gelitaanka shabakadaada mid adag intii suurtogal ah oo leh lakabyo badan oo kakan.
• Ma heli doontid qalab fudud oo ka caawin kara kontoroolka intarneedka waalidka.

Tani waa sababta ay u tahay lakabka ilaalinta dheeraadka ah ee wanaagsan ee shabakadaada, laakiin waa inaadan ku tiirsanayn inay tahay isha kaliya ee ilaalinta. Aaladaha^{(Whitelisting)} gaarka ah ee liis-ka-cadaynta waa in loo adeegsadaa sidii qayb ka mid ah kaydkaaga guud ee ilaalinta shabakadda.

How To Whitelist Specific Devices On Your Home Network To Stop Hackers

The way a home network usually works is that anyone wіth your network passphrase can connect to your home network. However, it’s possible to add another layer of security where only specific devices are аllowed to connect. Thiѕ is called MAC address filterіng.

Keep in mind however that Mac address filtering isn’t a single security solution. It only serves as an extra level of difficulty for hackers. It’s a layer that they will still be able to break through (see below), but anything that makes things more difficult for hackers is always a good thing.

Why Whitelist Devices?

Your router handles all network traffic inside and outside your home network. It decides whether certain devices are allowed to connect to your home network.

Normally, this access is determined by whether or not the user of the device types in the correct network passphrase. This is the passphrase you configure in the Set Password section under the Security menu in your router.

This is the only security barrier stopping a hacker from connecting to your network. If you’ve set up a complex password, that may be enough. Unfortunately, most people set password that are fairly easy to crack using basic hacker tools.

You can add a second layer of security by only allowing specific devices to connect to your home network.

How MAC Address Filtering Works

You can set up your router to only allow specific devices by adding their MAC addresses to the router’s Access Control list.

• Usually, you can find this list by logging into your router and navigating to the Security menu. You’ll find the list of devices under Access Control.

• You can enable the Mac Address Filtering feature by selecting Turn on Access Control.
• Once this is enabled, you can then select Block all new devices from connecting.
• Once this is selected, you’ll be able to select any of the already-connected devices and block them if you don’t recognize them.

• It’s a good idea while you’re doing this to scan through the devices and make sure all of the listed devices and MAC addresses are devices you recognize.
• If, later on, you need to add new devices to the list, you’ll need to change the setting back to Allow all new devices to connect. Then connect the device to the network using the network password.
• Once connected, go back to the Access Control settings and change the setting back to Block all new devices from connecting.

Some routers will let you enter devices and MAC addresses manually. But to do this, you’ll need to know the MAC address of the computer you’re connecting.

How To Identify The Mac Address Of Your Computer

Checking the Mac address on a Windows system is very easy.

• Open the Windows Command window, type ipconfig /all and press Enter.
• Search through the results for the network adapter that shows as being connected to a network.
• Make a note of the Physical Address listed in that section.
• This physical address is the same as the connected MAC address shown in your router.

On a MacOS system, the process is slightly different.

• Open System Preferences and select Network.
• Select the connected network and select the Advanced button.
• Select the Hardware tab to see the MAC Address listed at the top.

You can see the procedures above for finding a MAC address on a PC or a Mac, or even on other devices, complete with screenshots and additional details, in this guide on how to determine a MAC address.

For devices like Google Home, Alexa, Philips Hue lights, or other smart home devices, you can usually find the MAC address printed on the label underneath the device. This is usually the same label where you’d find the serial number.

Once you have the MAC addresses for all of the devices that need to whitelist, you can then log into the router and either make sure they’re already connected, or add the MAC address to the existing list.

How Hackers Beat MAC Address Filtering

There are a lot of ways hackers can break through your various tactics to secure your Wi-Fi and home network. Hackers also have a way to get through MAC address filtering as well.

Once a hacker recognizes that they’re blocked from accessing your network via MAC address filtering, all they have to do is spoof their own MAC address to match one of the addresses you’ve allowed.

They do this by:

• Going into Network and Sharing Center in the Control Panel.
• Selecting Change adapter settings.
• Selecting the Properties of their network adapter and the Configure button.
• Selecting Network Address and filling in the Value field with the desired MAC address.

That’s the easy part. The difficult part is that the hacker will also need to use a packet sniffing tool to pull existing MAC addresses currently communicating on your network. These software tools are not always easy for amateurs to use, and can take effort to use correctly.

Other tech sites may tell you that since hackers can do this, then it’s not worth using MAC address filtering at all. But that’s not entirely true. If you don’t use MAC address filtering:

• You aren’t even blocking non-hackers or amateur Wi-Fi thieves from your network.
• You’re avoiding an easy layer of security for no good reason.
• You aren’t trying to make getting onto your network as difficult as possible with multiple layers of complexity.
• You won’t have access to a simple tool that can help with parental internet controls.

This is why it’s a good extra layer of protection for your network, but you shouldn’t depend on it as your only source of protection. Whitelisting specific devices should be used as just one part of your overall arsenal of network protection.

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