Taleefankaaga iyo kombuyuutarkaaga waxay u badan tahay inay ku xidhan yihiin PIN , erayga sirta ah, ama xaqiijinta biometric^{(biometric authentication)} , sax? Sidoo kale waa dhaqan wanaagsan in la ilaaliyo qalabkaaga kaydinta^{(protect your storage device)} , gaar ahaan haddii ay ku jiraan galal sir ah ama sir ah. Habkaas, waxaad ka hortagi kartaa gelitaanka aan la oggolayn ee faylashaada - xitaa marka aad lumiso darawalka ama la xado. 

Waxa kaliya ee aad u baahan tahay si aad u ilaaliso darawalkaaga adag waa kombayutarkaga gaarka ah ama laptop-kaaga. Windows iyo Mac waxay leeyihiin qalab sireed ku dhex dhisan oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad dejiso furaha sirta ah qalabkaaga kaydinta. U gudub qaybaha hoose si aad u barato sida loo dejiyo erayga sirta ah ee kumbiyuutarka adag ee dibadda.

Siri^(Encrypt) Drive- ka Dibadda^{(External Drive)} ee Windows 10

Sirta aaladda kaydinta dibadda ee Windows 10 kombayuutarku wuxuu kaaga baahan yahay inaad gacanta ku doorato habka sirta ah, qaabka sirta ah, kaydinta furaha soo kabashada, oo aad samayso furaha sirta ah (akhri: aamin ah). Waxay u ekaan kartaa shaqo badan, laakiin aad bay u fududahay. Waxaan kugu socon doonaa habka oo dhan min bilow ilaa dhamaad.

Marka hore, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad karti u geliso BitLocker - aaladda ku dhex jirta Windows-ka sirta ah - kumbuyuutarkaaga. Ku xidh darawalka adag ee kombiyuutarkaaga oo raac tillaabooyinka hoose.

Fiiro gaar ah:^(Note:) Ma qarin kartid darawalka PC-yada ku shaqeeya Windows 10 daabacaadda ^{(Windows 10)} guriga^(Home) sababtoo ah nidaamka hawlgalka ma taageerayo BitLocker . U cusboonaysii Windows 10 Pro , Enterprise , ama Education si loo isticmaalo BitLocker .

1. Daar BitLocker^{(1. Enable BitLocker)}

Bilaw File Explorer , ku dhufo midigta wadista dibadda, oo dooro Daar BitLocker^{(Turn on BitLocker)} .

Ha ka bixin ama ka saarin darawalka PC-gaaga inta uu Windows ka bilaabayo daaqada sirta ah ee BitLocker .

2. Samee furaha sirta ah^{(2. Create a Password)}

Sax sanduuqa ay ku qoran tahay "Isticmaal erayga sirta ah si aad u furto darawalka" oo geli eraygaaga sirta ah ee aad doorbidayso. Dib u geli^(Re-enter) erayga sirta ah ee sanduuqa wada hadalka ee la bixiyay oo dooro Next si aad u sii wadato.

Furahaagu waa inuu buuxiyaa shuruudaha hoos ku taxan, haddii kale waxaad heli doontaa fariin khalad ah:

• Waa in uu ka kooban yahay ugu yaraan 8 xaraf
• Waa in uu leeyahay ugu yaraan hal xaraf oo weyn.
• Waa in uu leeyahay ugu yaraan hal xaraf oo yar.
• Waa in uu leeyahay ugu yaraan hal lambar, calaamad, ama meel bannaan.

3. Keydi furahaaga soo kabashada^{(3. Save Your Recovery Key)}

Daaqadaha ayaa si toos ah u soo saari doona furaha soo kabashada darawalka dibadda. Furaha soo kabashada waa furaha firaaqada ee furaya darawalkaaga sir ah haddii aad waligaa illowday erayga sirta ah.

Xulashada " Daabici^(Print) furaha soo kabashada" waxay soo saari doontaa daaqad cusub halkaas oo aad awoodi doonto inaad ku daabacdo furaha soo kabashada warqad. Haddii aad dooratid ikhtiyaarka " Save to file", ^(Save)Windows waxay ku dhejin doontaa furaha soo kabashada ee faylka qoraalka. Ku^(Save) kaydi faylka galka/goobta aad doorbidayso ee PC-gaaga oo dooro Kaydi^(Save) .

Markaad hesho fariinta guusha ee ah "Furahaaga soo kabashada waa la badbaadiyey" ama "furahaaga soo kabashada waa la daabacay," dooro Next si aad u sii wadato.

4. Dooro habka sirta ah^{(4. Choose Encryption Method)}

BitLocker waxay leedahay laba hab oo sir ah: Encryption Space Space iyo Disk Encryption^{(Used Disk Space Encryption)} oo buuxa^{(Full Disk Encryption)} .

Dooro "Encrypt used disk space only" haddii darawalkaaga dibadda uu yahay mid cusub oo aan waligiis lagu isticmaalin kombiyuutar kale. BitLocker waxay sir doonan doonta qayb ka mid ah darawalada si xogta cusub ee lagu soo guuriyay mustaqbalka si toos ah loo sireeyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad sirayso darawal hore loo isticmaalay (xitaa haddii uu faaruq yahay) addoo isticmaalaya habkan, qof ayaa heli kara xogta la tirtiray ama la raray.

Taasi waa sababtoo ah matoorka sirta ah ee BitLocker ma aqoonsanayo qaybaha ay ku jiraan xogta la tirtiray sida booska diskka ee loo isticmaalo. Sidaa darteed^(Hence) , ma sirayso waaxyaha noocaas ah.

Haddii aad rabto inaad dejiso erayga sirta ah ee darawalka dibadda ee horeba loo isticmaalay, dooro Encrypt dhammaan darawallada^{(Encrypt entire drive)} . Taasi waxay ku dadajin doontaa BitLocker inay sirayso dhammaan qaybaha iyo xogta ku jirta wadista-xitaa faylalka aad tirtirtay.

Ogsoonow in sirta booska Disk-ga^{(Disk Space)} la isticmaalay guud ahaan aad u dheereeyo; waxay qaadataa dhowr ilbiriqsi ama daqiiqado, iyadoo ku xiran inta xogta ku jirta wadista. Sireeynta buuxda ee Disk^{(Full Disk Encryption)} -ga , dhanka kale, waxa ay socon kartaa saacado ka hor inta aan la dhameystirin.

5. Dooro qaab sir ah^{(5. Choose Encryption Mode)}

Dooro qaab cusub oo qarsoodi ah^{(New encryption mode)} haddii aad isticmaalayso darawalka dibadda kaliya kombayutarkaaga, ama qalabka ku shaqeeya Windows 10 (nooca 1511 ama ka dib).

Haddii aadan hubin, ama aad u maleyneyso inaad u baahan tahay inaad gasho darawalka aaladaha ku shaqeeya noocyadii hore ee Windows , dooro qaab la jaan qaadaya^{(Compatible mode)} oo sii wad.

6. Bilow sirta^{(6. Start Encrypting)}

BitLocker waxay bilaabi doontaa sirta wadista marka aad doorato badhanka sirta ah Start^{(Start encrypting)} .

Sidaan hore u soo sheegnay, hawl-galku wuxuu socon karaa daqiiqado ama saacado, iyadoo ku xiran cabbirka darawalka iyo xogta uu hayo.

Ha ka saarin darawalka PC-gaaga adoon joojin sirta. Haddii^(Doing) sidaa la yeelo waxay dhaawici kartaa waduhu. Haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad si degdeg ah u isticmaashid wadista inta lagu jiro hawsha sirta, dooro hakad^(Pause) oo ka saar wadista.

Ogsoonow in faylashaada iyo darawalka aan la ilaalin ilaa sirtu dhammaato. Sug^(Wait) ilaa aad ka helayso fariinta guusha " Encryption complete" sida tan hoose.

Markaad ka saarto darawalka sirta ah ee kombayutarkaaga ama aad isku daydo inaad gasho kombuyuutar kale, daaqada BitLocker ee kugu dhiirigelinaysa inaad geliso erayga sirta ah ee wadista ayaa ka soo muuqan doona shaashadda.

Siri Drive-ka Dibadda ee macOS

Dejinta erayga sirta ah ee wadista dibadda ee macOS waa waxa ugu fudud ee laga yaabo inaad waligaa sameyso. Ku xidh darawalka Mac gaaga oo raac talaabooyinkan:

1. Midig ku dhufo darawalka (hubi qaybta goobaha) oo dooro Encrypt^(Locations) ama Encrypt <Drive Name>>^(Encrypt) .

Fiiro gaar ah:^(Note:) Haddii darawalka dibadda uusan ka muuqan Mac -gaaga , ama ikhtiyaarka Encrypt uu maqan yahay, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad u qaabayso darawalka nidaamka faylka ee macOS taageeray^{(file system that macOS supports)} . Tixraac hagaha cilad-raadinta darawalka adag ee dibadda si^{(external hard drive troubleshooting guide)} aad wax badan u barato.

2. Geli furaha sirta ah, dib u geli erayga sirta ah, oo ku qor erayga sirta ah.

Talo Pro: ^{(Pro Tip:)} Guji^(Click) astaanta muhiimka ah ee ku xigta sanduuqa wada-hadalka sirta ah si aad u bilowdo kaaliyaha ^(Encryption)erayga sirta^{(Encryption Password Assistant)} ah ee qarsoodiga ah . Qalabku wuxuu soo jeedin doonaa furaha sirta ah ee aan tooska ahayn ama wuxuu kaa caawinayaa inaad abuurto erayga sirta ah ee xooggan.

3. Dooro Encrypt Disk .

Matoorka sirta ah ee macOS wuxuu bilaabi doonaa sirta wadista. Hawlgalkani waxa uu qaadan karaa dhawr ilbiriqsi ama daqiiqado, taas oo ku xidhan waxa ku jira wadista iyo cabbirka.

Marka sirintu dhammaato, saar oo dib geli darawalka siraysan, ama ku xidh Mac kale . Daaqad gelida sirta ah ayaa ka soo bixi doonta shaashadda; geli erayga sirta ah oo dooro Unlock si aad u gasho.

Maxaa dhacaya marka aad ilowdo erayga sirta ah ee sirta ah^{(Encryption Password)}

Erayada sirta ah ee adag^{(Strong passwords)} aad bay u badbaadsan yihiin laakiin inta badan way fududahay in la iloobo. Haddii aadan xasuusan karin erayga sirta ah ee darawalkaaga sir ah, waxaad weli aad u geli kartaa waxa ku jira. Waxaan ku tusi doonaa sida loogu sameeyo Windows iyo macOS.

Daaqadaha: Isticmaal furaha soo kabashada^{(On Windows: Use the Recovery Key)}

Xusuusnow furaha soo kabashada ee aad ku daabacday ama ku kaydisay kombuyutarkaaga intaad siraysay darawalka? Taasi waa waxa kaliya ee aad u baahan tahay si aad u gasho darawalka haddii aad ilowdo erayga sirta ah ee qarsoodiga ah.

Madaxa goobta aad ku kaydisay faylka soo kabashada, laba jeer dhagsii faylka qoraalka si aad u gasho waxa ku jira, oo koobi lambarada qaybta Furaha Soo kabashada^{(Recovery Key)} .

Ku xidh darawalka PC-gaaga oo sug inta uu daaqada sirta ah ee BitLocker ka soo muuqdo shaashadda. Dooro doorashooyin badan^{(More options)} oo dooro Geli furaha soo kabashada^{(Enter recovery key)} .

Ugu dambeyntii, ku dheji furaha soo kabashada sanduuqa wada hadalka oo dooro Unlock . Haddii aad daabacday furaha soo kabashada, soo celi daabacaadda, ku qor furaha soo kabashada, oo dooro Unlock .

Hadda waa inaad geli kartaa wadista gudaha File Explorer . Haddii aadan weli xasuusan karin erayga sirta ah, waa inaad mid cusub abuurtaa. Midig ku dhufo darawalka oo dooro Maamul BitLocker^{(Manage BitLocker)} .

[19-maamul-bitlocker-daaqadaha-10.png]

Ka hel wadista dibadda ee qaybta "Data la saari karo" oo dooro Demi BitLocker^{(Turn off BitLocker)} .

Ka dib^(Afterward) , sir wadwaynta xoq oo isticmaal furaha sirta ah ee cusub.

On Mac: Disable FileVault

Si ka duwan Windows , ma geli kartid darawal sir ah macOS oo leh furaha soo kabashada. Habka kaliya ee lagu xalin karo waa in la damiyo FileVault-^{(FileVault—the)} matoorka sirta ah ee macOS. Madaxa Xulashada Nidaamka^{(System Preferences)} > Amniga &^{(Security & Privacy)} Qarsoonaanta > FileVault oo dooro Dami FileVault^{(Turn Off FileVault)} .

Taasi waxay si ku meel gaar ah u joojisaa sirta kasta ee dhammaan darawallada gudaha iyo dibaddaba. Launch Finder oo waxaad heli doontaa wadista adigoon gelin furaha sirta ah. Laakiin ma awoodi doontid inaad furto ama ma samayn kartid sir cusub oo qarsoodi ah la'aanteed furihii hore. Dib-u- kicinta FileVault^(FileVault) waxay si toos ah dib ugu qarin doontaa darawalka erayga sirta ah ee la illoobay.

Qaybta saddexaad ee Software iyo Hardware Alternatives

Haddii ay dhibaato kaa haysato isticmaalka qalabkan ku dhex jira, isticmaal xalal saddexaad oo la isku halayn karo sida VeraCrypt . Haddii kale, waxaad ka iibsan kartaa qalabka kaydinta sir-qalabka ama darawallada dibadda oo leh akhristayaasha faraha^{(external drives with fingerprint readers)} . Dareewaladani waxay bixiyaan qaab isku mid ah oo ammaan ah oo sireeynta biometric-ka-la'aanta sirta ah taas oo fudud in la isticmaalo oo la dejiyo. 

How to Set a Password for an External Hard Drive

Your phone and computer are most likely secured with a PIN, password, or biometric authentication, right? It’s also good practice to protect your storage device, especially if it contains confidential or private files. That way, you can prevent unauthorized access to your files—even when you lose the drive or it gets stolen. 

All you need to protect your hard drive is your personal computer or laptop. Windows and Mac have built-in encryption tools that let you set a password on your storage devices. Proceed to the sections below to learn how to set a password on an external hard drive on your computer.

Encrypt an External Drive on Windows 10

Encrypting an external storage device on a Windows 10 computer requires you to manually choose an encryption method, encryption mode, backup a recovery key, and create a perfect (read: secure) password. It may seem like a lot of work, but it’s very easy. We’ll walk you through the entire process from start to finish.

First, you need to enable BitLocker—Windows built-in encryption tool—on your computer. Plug the hard drive into your PC and follow the steps below.

Note: You can’t encrypt a drive on PCs running Windows 10 Home edition because the operating system doesn’t support BitLocker. Upgrade to Windows 10 Pro, Enterprise, or Education to use BitLocker.

1. Enable BitLocker

Launch the File Explorer, right-click the external drive, and select Turn on BitLocker.

Do not unplug or remove the drive from your PC while Windows starts the BitLocker encryption window.

2. Create a Password

Check the box that reads “Use a password to unlock the drive” and enter your preferred password. Re-enter the password in the provided dialog box and select Next to proceed.

Your password must fulfill the criteria listed below, or else you’ll get an error message:

• Should contain at least 8 characters.
• Must have at least one uppercase letter.
• Must have at least one lowercase letter.
• Must have at least one number, symbol, or space.

3. Save Your Recovery Key

Windows will automatically generate a recovery key for the external drive. The recovery key is a spare key that unlocks your encrypted drive if you ever forget the password.

The “Print the recovery key” option will launch a new window where you’ll be able to print the recovery key on paper. If you choose the “Save to a file” option, Windows will encode the recovery key in a text file. Save the file in your preferred folder/location on your PC and select Save.

When you get a success message that “Your recovery key has been saved” or “Your recovery key was printed,” select Next to proceed.

4. Choose Encryption Method

BitLocker has two encryption methods: Used Disk Space Encryption and Full Disk Encryption.

Select “Encrypt used disk space only” if your external drive is new and has never been used on another computer. BitLocker will encrypt a sector on the drive such that new data copied to the drive in the future is automatically encrypted. However, if you encrypt a previously-used drive (even if it’s empty) using this method, someone could gain access to deleted or moved data.

That’s because the BitLocker encryption engine doesn’t recognize sectors containing deleted data as used disk space. Hence, it wouldn’t encrypt such sectors.

If you want to set a password on an external drive that’s already in use, select Encrypt entire drive. That’ll prompt BitLocker to encrypt all the sectors and data on the drive—even files that you deleted.

Note that Used Disk Space encryption is generally faster; it takes a couple of seconds or minutes, depending on how much data is on the drive. Full Disk Encryption, on the other hand, could run for hours before completion.

5. Choose Encryption Mode

Select New encryption mode if you’ll be using the external drive only on your computer, or on devices running Windows 10 (version 1511 or later).

If you’re unsure, or you think you may need to access the drive on devices running older Windows versions, select Compatible mode and proceed.

6. Start Encrypting

BitLocker will start the encryption of the drive when you select the Start encrypting button.

As mentioned earlier, the operation could run into minutes or hours, depending on the size of the drive and data it holds.

Do not remove the drive from your PC without pausing the encryption. Doing so could damage the drive. If you need to urgently use the drive during the encryption process, select Pause and unplug the drive.

Note that your files and the drive aren’t protected until the encryption is complete. Wait until you get an “Encryption complete” success message like the one below.

When you eject the encrypted drive on your PC or try to access it on another PC, a BitLocker window prompting you to enter the drive’s password will appear on the screen.

Encrypt an External Drive on macOS

Setting a password on an external drive on macOS is the easiest thing you may ever have to do. Plug the drive into your Mac and follow these steps:

1. Right-click the drive (check the Locations section) and select Encrypt or Encrypt <Drive Name>.

Note: If the external drive isn’t showing up on your Mac, or the Encrypt option is missing, you may need to format the drive to a file system that macOS supports. Refer to this external hard drive troubleshooting guide to learn more.

2. Enter a password, re-enter the password, and type in a password hint.

Pro Tip: Click the key icon next to the Encryption password dialog box to launch the Encryption Password Assistant. The tool will suggest random passwords or help you create a strong custom password.

3. Select Encrypt Disk.

The macOS encryption engine will start encryption on the drive. This operation may take a couple of seconds or minutes, depending on the drive’s content and size.

When the encryption is complete, eject and reinsert the encrypted drive, or plug it into another Mac. A password entry window will pop up on the screen; enter the password and select Unlock to gain access.

What Happens When You Forget The Encryption Password

Strong passwords are pretty secure but often easy to forget. If you can’t remember the password to your encrypted drive, you can still very much access the content. We’ll show you how to go about it on Windows and macOS.

On Windows: Use the Recovery Key

Remember the recovery key that you printed or saved to your PC while encrypting the drive? That’s all you need to access the drive if you forget the encryption password.

Head to the location where you saved the recovery file, double-click the text file to access its content, and copy the numbers in the Recovery Key section.

Plug the drive into your PC and wait for the BitLocker password entry window to appear on the screen. Select More options and select Enter recovery key.

Finally, paste the recovery key in the dialog box and select Unlock. If you printed the recovery key, retrieve the printout, type the recovery key, and select Unlock.

You should now be able to access the drive in File Explorer. If you still can’t remember the password, you’ll have to create a new one. Right-click the drive and select Manage BitLocker.

[19-manage-bitlocker-windows-10.png]

Locate the external drive in the “Removable data drives” section and select Turn off BitLocker.

Afterward, encrypt the drive from scratch and use a new password.

On Mac: Disable FileVault

Unlike Windows, you can’t access an encrypted drive on macOS with a recovery key. The only workaround is to turn off FileVault—the macOS encryption engine. Head to System Preferences > Security & Privacy > FileVault and select Turn Off FileVault.

That temporarily disables any encryption on all internal and external drives. Launch Finder and you’ll have access to the drive without entering a password. But you won’t be able to decrypt or create a new encryption password without the old password. Re-enabling FileVault will automatically re-encrypt the drive with the forgotten password.

Third-Party Software and Hardware Alternatives

If you’re having difficulties using these built-in tools, resort to reliable third-party solutions like VeraCrypt. Alternatively, you could buy hardware-encrypted storage devices or external drives with fingerprint readers. These drives offer an equally secure form of password-free biometric encryption that’s way easier to use and set up. 

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