Waxqabadka guud ee kumbiyuutarku waa natiijada qaybaha kala duwan ee wada shaqaynta. Haddii hal qayb ka mid ah uu aad u gaabis yahay, waxay keentaa dhalo. Kumbuyuutar kasta, hal qayb ayaa noqon doona xaddidaadda waxqabadka ugu weyn ilaa aad haysato dhismo dheellitiran oo dhab ah. 

Taasi dhib lafteeda maahan, laakiin waa suurtogal in la siiyo GPU -gaaga , CPU -gaaga iyo RAM -kaaga kor u qaadista xawaaraha. U oggolaanshaha qaybaha kale ee nidaamka inay gaaraan awooddooda dhabta ah. Halka GPU iyo CPU overclocking ay yihiin (marka la eego) toos ah, RAM waxa ay noqon kartaa xoogaa cabsi gelin ah. Nasiib wanaag, kombuyuutarrada casriga ah ugu yaraan, RAM xad dhaafka ah ayaa aad uga sahlan kana ammaan badan sidii hore. 

Faa'iidooyinka xad-dhaafka ah ee RAM-kaaga sidoo kale waxay noqon kartaa wax la taaban karo. Gaar ahaan haddii aad sidoo kale xad dhaaf tahay qaybaha kale ee nidaamka, taas oo adkeynaysa RAM-gaaga inuu sii wado. 

Waa maxay "overclocking"?

Iyadoo ay u badan tahay inaad haysato fikrad macquul ah waxa ay tahay overclocking, aan hubsano inaan dhammaanteen ku wada jirno isku bog. "Saacda" ee qayb ka mid ah sida GPU , CPU ama RAM chip waa cabbirka inta jeer ee ay ka kooban tahay wareegga hawlgalka oo dhan. Markaa 1Ghz CPU waxa uu maraa hal bilyan oo wareeg ah ilbiriqsi kasta. Haddii aad labanlaabto saacadeeda 2Ghz waxay ku shaqaynaysaa laba jeer si degdeg ah, ugu yaraan aragti ahaan.

RAM waa isku mid. Waxay leedahay soo noqnoqoshada saacada kaas oo waxqabadkeeda aasaasiga ahi ka soo jeedo. Ku dar^(Add) megahertz dheeraad ah isku dhafka RAM -kaagu wuu degdegi doonaa.

Maxaad u dhaafi la'dahay RAM-kaaga?

Kordhinta xawaaraha RAM -kaaga waxay faa'iido guud u leedahay waxqabadka nidaamkaaga oo dhan. Waxay la macno tahay in CPU -gu uu si dhakhso leh u heli karo macluumaadka RAM - ka oo uu waqti yar ku qaadan doono sugitaanka RAM -gaagu si uu u gaadho codsiyadiisa. Tani waxay ka faa'iidaysan doontaa codsiyo badan oo kala duwan, inkastoo ay u badan tahay inaadan dareemi doonin wax badan oo farqi ah markaad baadhayso mareegaha ama qorista warbixinta Word .

Ciyaaraha fiidiyowga^(Video) iyo kuwa kale ee kakan, culeyska shaqada ee xusuusta-culus halkaas oo CPU ay tahay inay si joogto ah u gasho RAM si ay u qabato xisaabinta dhamaantood way dhakhso badnaan doonaan haddii RAM- kaagu helo koror fiican.

In ka badan kaliya Megaherz

Sababta ay dad badani uga walaacsan yihiin RAM -ka xad dhaafka ah ayaa ah in ay ku saabsan tahay wax ka badan kordhinta xawaaraha saacadda ilaa uu RAM ka dhaco, ka dibna xoogaa dib loo dhigo. RAM waa inuu sameeyaa dhowr nooc oo kala duwan oo hawlgallo adag ah si loo helo, wax looga akhriyo oo loo qoro meelaha xusuusta. 

Kuwaas waxaa badanaa lagu tilmaamaa wan "waqtiyo". Tusaale ahaan, waxaad arki doontaa qeexitaannada RAM oo ay ku xigto tirooyin tiro ah sida "10-10-10-30". Mid kasta oo ka mid ah tirooyinkaan waxay ka dhigan tahay tirada wareegyada saacadaha hawlgallada gaarka ah ee la qaado. Tirooyinka hoose waxay ka dhigan yihiin xawaare dheereeya. Waa kuwan sharraxaad gaaban oo lambar kasta oo waqtiyeedka aasaasiga ah:

• CL : Cas Latency - inta jeer ee wareegyada saacadaha u dhexeeya codsiga RAM iyo jawaabta laga helayo.
• tRCS : RAS ilaa CAS Dib^{(CAS Delay)} u dhigid - dib u dhaca u dhexeeya firfircoonida safka iyo ka dib tiirka goobta xusuusta.
• tRP : RAS Precharge - wakhtiga u dhexeeya deminta hal xariiq oo xusuusta ah ka dibna la hawlgeliyo kan xiga.
• tRAS : Firfircoon ilaa Precharge Daahi^{(Precharge Delay)} - wakhtiga sugitaanka inta u dhaxaysa hawlgal kasta oo gelitaanka xusuusta.

Afartan wakhti ee aasaasiga ah ayaa ah waxa dadka badankiisu la qabsadaan marka ay xad dhaafka yihiin RAM-kooda. Waxa jira tiro aan tiro badan oo wakhti-hoosaadyo ah sidoo kale, laakiin kuwa waxaa loo qoondeeyay khabiiro dhammaystiran oo si sax ah u yaqaan waxa ay samaynayaan. Hagaajinta waqtiyadan muhiimka ah ayaa aad ugu filan isticmaale kasta oo doonaya inuu soo saaro wax qabad yar.

Waxaad dooneysaa in waqtiyadani ay noqdaan kuwa ugu hooseeya ee suurtogalka ah adoon keenin xasillooni ama dhibaatooyin waxqabad. Arrintu waxay tahay, mar kasta oo aad riixdo inta jeer ee aad soo noqnoqonayso, tiradan ayaa badanaysa si ay wax walba u shaqeeyaan. Tani waxay u horseedi kartaa xaalad xawaaruhu dhoqso badan yahay laakiin wakhtiga dabacsani uu keeno hoos u dhaca^(decrease) guud ee waxqabadka.

Xawaaraha La Taageeray ee Rasmiga ah

Wax qosol leh ayaa dhacay aasaaska heerarka xawaaraha xusuusta DDR . Uma socdaan sida ugu sareysa sida chips-ka xusuusta dhabta ah ay xamili karaan. Markaa qalabkan xusuusta xawliga sare leh ee aad ka iibsan karto waxay inta badan xayeysiiyaan xawaaraha gabi ahaanba ka baxsan heerka rasmiga ah ee xusuusta DDR .

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maadaama RAM - ka lagu qiimeeyay tirooyinkaas iyo soosaarayaasha Motherboard-ka sidoo kale waxay naqshadeeyaan Motherboard-yada taageera xawaarahaas, macnaheedu maahan wax badan ficil ahaan.

Hadda way fududahay in la helo modules-yada RAM -ka xawaaraha ugu sarreeya. Waxay leeyihiin profiles xusuusta oo kombuyuutarka u sheega sida saxda ah ee loo isticmaalo. Profile-ka SPD^(SPD) waa hal tusaale, laakiin waxa kale oo jira Intel's XMP (profiles xusuusta xad dhaafka ah) oo u sheegaya Motherboard-ka ugu dhaqsaha badan ee rasmiga ah ee “overclock” ee RAM -kaaga .

Ka Gudbinta Xogaha

Xogta gaarka ah ee xusuusta ka baxsan xaqiiqdii waa RAM xad dhaaf ah oo gabi ahaanba waa ammaan! Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad halkaan ku istaagto. Kaliya^(Just) dooro astaanta xusuusta ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ku taxan goobaha BIOS oo ku raaxayso waxqabadkaaga ugu sarreeya.

Laga soo bilaabo halkan in kastoo, waxaan dooneynaa in aan riixno ka baxsan xuduudaha profiles. Ciyaarta bakhtiyaanasiibka silikon si aad u aragto haddii ay jirto karti dheeraad ah oo ku jirta chips-kaaga xusuusta.

Isticmaalka CPU-Z ee dejinta

Waxaan kugula talineynaa inaad soo dejiso nuqul ka mid ah utility CPU-Z . Waxaad arki kartaa labadaba goobaha xusuustaada hadda iyo dhammaan profiles-yada la ansixiyay ee cutubyada xusuustaada halkan. 

Qor iyaga! Tani waa tixraac wanaagsan waxa ay yihiin goobaha nabdoon ee la ansixiyay. Sidoo kale, haddii Motherboard-kaagu aanu taageerin profiles-ka xusuusta, waxa kale oo aad isticmaali kartaa goobaha profile-ka ee rasmiga ah ee saacad-dhaafka gacanta sidoo kale. Si gaar ah u fiirso tamarta RAM ee halkan ku taxan. Haddii aad rabto in aad si badbaado leh u dhaafto, waligaa ha dhaafin tamartan. U daaya khubarada aan dan ka lahayn in ay shiilayaan xusuusta iyaga oo raadinaya waxqabad.

Helitaanka Saldhig

Kahor intaadan ku mashquulin RAM -kaaga , waxaad u baahan tahay cabbir waxqabadka aasaasiga ah. Tani waxay kaa caawinaysaa in la eego haddii saacadahaaga xad dhaafka ah ay wax ka dhigayaan mid wanaagsan ama ka sii daraya. Kuma talineyno isticmaalka bartilmaameedka xusuusta gaarka ah. Ka dib oo dhan, waxaan raadineynaa hagaajinno nidaamka oo dhan oo saameeya kiisaska isticmaalka dhabta ah. Markaa isticmaal halbeeg ka tarjumaya culayska shaqada ee aad dhab ahaantii isticmaasho. 

Haddii aad tahay ciyaaryahan, isticmaal wax sida 3DMark ama Unigine Heaven . Haddii aad samaynayso shaqo hal abuur leh, isku day Cinebench . Samee jaangooyooyinkan oo qor dhibcaha nidaamkaagu gaaray.

Kadib saacad kasta oo xasiloon, mar kale socodsii. Dhibcuhu miyay fiican yihiin mise way ka xun yihiin? Taasi waa sida aad ku ogaan doonto in saacadaha dheeraadka ah ay shaqadeeda qabsaneyso.

Sida loo dhaafo RAM - kaaga BIOS -ka^(BIOS)

Isla markiiba, hadda waxaan diyaar u nahay inaan ku dhex ciyaarno BIOS si aan u dhaafno RAM kaaga . BIOS kasta^{(Every BIOS)} waa ka duwan yahay oo kuwani waa tilmaamo guud. Ka hubi buug-gacmeedkaaga BIOS si aad u ogaato waxyaabaha gaarka ah Sidoo kale, fadlan ogow in dhammaan Motherboard-yada aysan gacanta ku dhaafi karin RAM . Motherboard-kaga waxaa laga yaabaa inuusan xitaa taageerin muuqaallada waxqabadka sarreeya. Nasiib darro, xalka kaliya ee jira waa in la iibsado Motherboard-ka oo leh astaamahan xad dhaafka ah. Iyadoo taas la leeyahay, aynu u gaadhno:

1. Dib u bilow kombayutarka oo taabo furaha gaaban^{(shortcut key)} si aad u gasho BIOS (badanaa furaha Del ).
2. Madaxa bogga dejinta xusuusta ee xulashooyinka.

1. Raadi goobaha horumarsan, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad ka beddesho "auto" una beddelato "manual" si aad u aragto.
2. Raadi xulashada astaanta xusuusta. Haddii profiles-ka XMP la heli karo oo aad rabto kaliya saacadda ugu badbaado badan, dooro kan ugu sarreeya ka dibna badbaadi oo bax. Halkaa marka ay marayso waad dhammaatay. Haddii aad rabto in aad sii socoto, sii wad akhriska.

1. Raadi bogga inta jeer ee xusuusta oo u deji labalaabashada saacadda xusuusta iyo waqtiyada gacanta.

1. Ku garaac badiyo saacada hal darajo oo ka fogee xawaaraha ugu badan ee la xaqiijiyay RAM kaaga .
2. U deji^(Set) waqtiyada isku mid kuwa ku taxan astaanta xusuusta ugu dhakhsaha badan. Waxa laga yaabaa inaad u samayso kanaal kasta oo xusuusta ah. Xaaladdan oo kale Channel A iyo B, maadaama ay tahay Motherboard-ka laba-channel ah. Keydi^(Save) oo dib u bilow

1. Haddii kombayutarkaagu uu si guul leh u kiciyo, samee tijaabada diiqada xusuusta^{(run a memory stress test)} si aad u hubiso inuu xasilan yahay.
2. Haddii xusuustaadu ay ku guuldareysato baaritaanka cadaadiska, isku day inaad dabciso waqtiyada ilaa ay ka gudubto.
3. Ku soo celi talaabada 6 ilaa aad ka gaadhayso xadka waxa ay xasuustu samayn karto ka dibna dib ugu garaac halka uu tijaabada walaacu ku guulaysanayo.

Mar labaad, ha dhigin tamarta xusuusta mid ka sareysa ta ugu sareysa ee sida rasmiga ah loo taxay!

Ka dib markaad u heshid xusuustaada sida ay u sarreyso, mar kale samee bartilmaameedkaaga oo arag haddii buundooyinku fiicnaadeen. Haddii aysan haysan, talaabo-tallaabo u soco saacad-dhaafkaaga ilaa aad aragto horumar.

FIIRO GAAR AH:^(NOTE:) Haddii tirada badan ee saacada RAM- kaagu aanu ku filnayn inuu ku riixo RAM -gaaga xawaarihiisa la xaqiijiyay ama ka baxsan, markaa doorashadaada kaliya ayaa ah inaad kordhiso saacada saldhiga ah ( BCLK ). Motherboard-yo badan ma ogolaan doonaan tan. Sidoo kale, koror kasta oo ku yimaada saacadda saldhigga waxay saameyn doontaa CPU -gaaga iyo qaybaha kale sidoo kale.

Markaa haddii aad kordhiso saacada salka, waxa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad hoos u dhigto tirada badan ee CPU -gaaga si aad u magdhabiso. Maadaama kani yahay hage badbaado badan, ma dabooli doono wax ka beddelka saacada saldhiga. Waa geedi socod aad u horumarsan oo u baahan dheeli tirnaan kakan qaybaha kala duwan.

Xaalad Degdeg ah Dib u deji BIOS- ^{(Emergency Reset Your BIOS)}kaaga^(Case)

Haddaba maxaa dhacaya haddii wax walba ay si buuxda u khaldan yihiin oo kombuyuutarku aanu gabi ahaanba kicin doonin? argagax^(Panic) ? Maya! 

Waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad dib u dejiso BIOS^{(reset your BIOS)} -kaaga si hab-dhismihii caadiga ahaa ee RAM -kaagu dib loo soo celiyo oo ay u kici karaan oo ay mar kale u shaqeeyaan. Waa inaad kala tashataa buug-gacmeedka Motherboard-ka sida tan loo sameeyo, laakiin guud ahaan mid ka mid ah kuwan waa inuu shaqeeyaa:

• Dib u dajin kumbiyuutarka 3-4 jeer. Qaar ka mid ah Motherboard-yada dib ayey u noqdaan ka dib isku dayo dhowr ah oo kabaha ah oo fashilmay.
• Riix^(Press) badhanka dib u dejinta BIOS ee Motherboard-ka, haddii ay khuseyso .^(BIOS)
• Ku xidhi bootarka dib u dajinta BIOS ee Motherboard-ka, haddii ay khusayso.
• Ka saar batteriga CMOS , sug dhowr daqiiqo oo beddel.

Markaad dib u dejiso goobta BIOS , wax walba waa inay caadi ku soo noqdaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee waa inaad dhex martaa dhammaan goobaha si aad u hubiso inay yihiin waxa ay tahay inay noqdaan. Haddii aad haysato Motherboard-ka UEFI , waxa aad kaydin kartaa profile-kaaga BIOS -ka Hard Disk-ga ka hor inta aanad bilaabin wax ka beddelka. Markaas waxaad ka soo celin kartaa profile kaydsan. Farxad dhaafka xad dhaafka ah!

How to Overclock Your RAM (and Why You Should)

The total performance of a computer is the result of νarious components working together. Іf one component іs tоo slow, іt caυsеs a bottlenеck. In any computer, one compоnent will be the main performance limiter unleѕs you have a truly balanced build. 

That’s not a problem by itself, but it’s possible to give your GPU, CPU and RAM a speed boost. Letting other components in the system reach their true potential. While GPU and CPU overclocking are (relatively) straightforward, RAM can be a bit more intimidating. Luckily, on modern computers at least, RAM overclocking is much easier and safer than before. 

The benefits of overclocking your RAM can also be substantial. Especially if you’re also overclocking other components in the system, making it harder for your RAM to keep up. 

What Is “Overclocking”?

While you probably have a reasonable idea of what overclocking is, lets just make sure we’re all on the same page. The “clock” of a component like a GPU, CPU or RAM chip is a measure of how frequently that component goes through an entire operational cycle. So a 1Ghz CPU goes through one billion cycles every second. If you doubled its clock to 2Ghz it would perform twice as fast, at least in theory.

RAM is the same. It has a clock frequency from which its basic performance derives. Add more megahertz to the mix and your RAM will be faster.

Why Would You Overclock Your RAM?

Increasing the speed of your RAM has a general benefit to the performance of your whole system. It means that the CPU can get to the information in RAM more quickly and will spend less time waiting for your RAM to catch up to it’s requests. This will benefit a wide range of applications, though you probably won’t notice much of a difference while browsing the web or writing a report in Word.

Video games and other complex, memory-heavy workloads where the CPU has to constantly access RAM to perform calculations will all be faster if your RAM gets a nice boost.

More Than Just Megaherz

The reason so many people are wary of RAM overclocking is that it’s about more than just increasing the clock speed until the RAM falls over, and then backing down a bit. RAM has to perform several different types of complex operations to locate, read from and write to memory locations. 

These are usually expressed as ram “timings”. For example, you’ll see RAM specifications followed by a string of numbers like “10-10-10-30”. Each of these numbers represents the number of clock cycles specific operations take. Lower numbers mean faster speeds. Here’s a short explanation of each primary timing number:

• CL: Cas Latency – how many clock cycles between a request to RAM and the response from it.
• tRCS: RAS to CAS Delay – the delay between activating the row and then column of a memory location.
• tRP: RAS Precharge – the time between deactivating one line of memory and then activating the next.
• tRAS: Active to Precharge Delay – the waiting time between each memory access operation.

These four primary timings are what most people adjust when overclocking their RAM. There are a myriad of sub-timings as well, but those are reserved for absolute experts who know exactly what they’re doing. Tuning these main timings are more than enough for just about any user looking to eke out a little more performance.

You want these timings to be as low as possible without causing stability or performance problems. The thing is, the higher you push your frequency, the higher these numbers may have to be in order to make everything work. This can lead to a situation where faster speeds but looser timing lead to an overall decrease in performance.

Official Versus Supported Speeds

A funny thing happened with the establishment of DDR memory speed standards. They don’t go as high as the actual memory chips can handle. So these high-speed memory kits you can buy often advertise a speed that’s completely outside of the official standard for DDR memory.

However, since the RAM is rated for those numbers and motherboard manufacturers also design motherboards that support those speeds, it doesn’t mean much in practice.

It’s now pretty easy to get these RAM modules to their maximum rated speed. They have memory profiles that tell the computer exactly what settings to use. SPD profiles are one example, but there’s also Intel’s XMP (extreme memory profiles) that tell the motherboard the fastest official “overclock” for your RAM.

Going Beyond Profiles

Out-of-spec memory profiles are in fact RAM overclocking and they are totally safe! You might want to stop here. Just select the fastest memory profile listed in your BIOS settings and enjoy your maximum rated performance.

From here on though, we are going to push beyond the confines of profiles. Playing the silicon lottery to see if there’s more potential in your memory chips.

Using CPU-Z for Settings

We recommend downloading a copy of the CPU-Z utility. You can see both your current memory settings and all of the approved profiles for your memory modules here. 

Write them down! This is a good reference for what the approved safe settings are. Also, if your motherboard doesn’t support memory profiles, you can use the official profile settings for a manual overclock as well. Take special note of the RAM voltages listed here. If you want to overclock safely, never exceed these voltages. Leave that to the experts who don’t mind frying their memory in the pursuit of performance.

Getting a Baseline

Before you fiddle with your RAM, you need a baseline performance measure. This helps to see if your overclocking is making things better or worse. We don’t recommend using a memory-specific benchmark. After all, we’re looking for system-wide improvements that affect real use cases. So use a benchmark that reflects the workloads you actually use. 

If you’re a gamer, use something like 3DMark or Unigine Heaven. If you’re doing creative work, try Cinebench. Run these benchmarks and write down what scores your system achieved.

After each stable overclock, run them again. Are the scores better or worse? That’s how you’ll know if the overclock is doing its job.

How To Overclock Your RAM in the BIOS

Right, now we’re ready to play around in the BIOS to overclock your RAM. Every BIOS is different and these are very general instructions. Check your BIOS manual for the specifics Also, please note that not all motherboards can manually overclock RAM. Your motherboard may not even support high-performance profiles. Sadly the only solution there is to buy a motherboard that has these overclocking features. With that said, let’s get to it:

1. Reboot your computer and press the shortcut key to enter the BIOS (usually the Del key).
2. Head to the memory settings page in the options.

1. Look for advanced settings, you might have to switch from “auto” to “manual” to see them.
2. Look for memory profile selection. If XMP profiles are available and you just want the fastest safe overclock, pick the highest one and then save and exit. At this point you’re done. If you want to go further, keep reading.

1. Look for the memory frequency page and set the memory clock multiplier and timings to manual.

1. Bump the clock multiplier up one notch from the maximum certified speed for your RAM.
2. Set the timings to the same as those listed in the fastest memory profile. You may have to do it for every memory channel. In this case Channel A and B, since it’s a dual-channel motherboard. Save and reboot.

1. If your computer reboots successfully, run a memory stress test to make sure it’s stable.
2. If your memory fails the stress test, try loosening the timings until it does pass.
3. Repeat from step 6 until you hit the limit of what the memory can do and then dial it back to where the stress test succeeds.

Once again, do not set the memory voltage any higher than the highest officially listed voltage!

After getting your memory as high as it will go, run your benchmarks again and see if the scores have improved. If they haven’t, walk back your overclock step-by-step until you do see improvements.

NOTE: If your RAM clock multiplier doesn’t go high enough to push your RAM to it’s certified speed or beyond, then your only option is to increase the base clock (BCLK). Many motherboards won’t allow this. Also, any increase to the base clock will affect your CPU and other components as well.

So if you increase the base clock, you may need to decrease the multiplier of your CPU to compensate. Since this is a safe overclocking guide we won’t cover base clock modification. It’s a more advanced process and requires complex balancing of different components.

In Case of Emergency Reset Your BIOS

So what if everything goes completely wrong and your computer won’t boot at all? Panic? No! 

You’ll need to reset your BIOS so that the standard settings for your RAM are restored and they can get up and running again. You should consult your motherboard’s manual on how to do this, but in general one of these should work:

• Reset the computer 3-4 times. Some motherboards reset to default after a few failed boots attempts.
• Press the BIOS reset button on the motherboard, if applicable.
• Bridge the BIOS reset jumper on the motherboard, if applicable.
• Remove the CMOS battery, wait a few minutes and replace it.

Once you’ve reset the BIOS setting, everything should be back to normal. You will however have to go through all the settings to make sure they are what they should be. If you have a UEFI motherboard, you can save your BIOS profile to the hard disk before you start changing things. Then you can restore it from the saved profile. Happy overclocking!

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