Barnaamijyada dhinaca saddexaad ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa Windows iyo nidaamyada kale ee hawlgalka. Laakin, sidee ku ogaan kartaa in barnaamijku ammaan yahay in la rakibo iyo in kale? Sideed u hubin kartaa in faylka barnaamijka aad ku shaqaynayso nidaamkaaga, uusan ku jirin wax fayras ah? Sida weeraryahanadu u isticmaalaan faylasha barnaamijka (exe) si ay u duraan noocyada kala duwan ee malware iyo fayrasyada oo ay weeraraan nidaamkaaga, waxaa muhiim ah in la hubiyo inaad rakibtay barnaamij badbaado leh. Tilmaan-bixiyahan, waxaanu kaga hadli doonaa tabaha qaar si loo hubiyo in faylku xaasid yahay iyo in kale^{( check if a file is malicious or not)} .

Sida loo hubiyo in faylku xaasid yahay

Waa kuwan siyaabaha aad ku hubin karto faylka barnaamijka fayraska ka hor inta aan lagu rakibin PC-gaaga:

1. Talaabooyinka aasaasiga ah
2. Midig ku dhufo faylka oo ku sawir software-kaaga amniga
3. Ku sawir sawir qaade Malware Online ah^{(Online Malware Scanner)}
4. Ka hubi daabacaha la xaqiijiyay
5. ^{(Verify File Integrity)}Ku xaqiiji daacadnimada faylka Hash Value
6. Isticmaal astaanta sanduuqa Sanduuqa Windows.

Haddaba, aynu si faahfaahsan kuwan u hubinno.

1] Tallaabooyinka aasaasiga ah

Faylku waxa uu muujin karaa summada a, dheh, dukumeentiga Word oo uu u muujin karaa magaca sida, dheh, File.docx . Laakin haku khiyaamin astaanta faylka, magaca, ama "qaybta fidinta faylka" ee aad arki karto. Marka hore^(First) , ka dhig Windows inuu muujiyo kordhinta faylka^{(make Windows show the file extension)} ka dibna kaliya hubi kordhinta faylka^{(file extension)} . Haddii faylka la sheegay File.docx uu ahaa fayl malware la qariyay, ha la yaabin haddii magaciisu hadda u muuqdo File.docx.exe ! Faylasha la qariyay waxay leeyihiin suurtogalnimo sare oo ah inay xaasidnimo noqdaan.

Marka xigta, hubi inay ku taal meesha^(location) loogu talagalay inay noqoto iyo in kale. Faylasha Windows^(Windows) OS waxay ku yaalliin galka System32 sida caadiga ah. Haddii faylku leeyahay magac la mid ah faylka Windows ee sharciga ah laakiin uu ku yaal meel kale, wuxuu noqon karaa fayras.

Sidoo kale, fur meesha uu ku yaal faylka shakiga leh, midig-guji isaga dooro Properties , oo ka hubi tabka Faahfaahinta . ^(Details)Ma aqoonsantahay Daabacaheeda^(Publisher) , horumariyaheeda, ama xuquuqaha daabacaadda^(Copyright) ?

Akhri^(Read) : Hubi haddii mareeg ama URL uu badbaado yahay addoo isticmaalaya URL-ka Sawir-qaadayaasha^{(Check if a Website or URL is safe using Online URL Scanners)} .

2] Midig ku dhufo^{(Right-click)} faylka oo ku sawir software-kaaga amniga

Waxa ku xiga ee aad samayn karto si aad u hubiso faylka barnaamijka fayraska waa in aad ku sawirto Windows -ga ku dhex dhisan amniga kaas oo ah difaaca Windows. ^{(Windows Defender.)} Kadib markaad soo dejiso faylka barnaamijka, si fudud midig-guji ka dibna isticmaal Scan with Microsoft Defender option. Waxay baari doontaa faylka fayrasyada waxayna ku tusi doontaa natiijooyinka haddii ay jiraan khataro la xidhiidha. Iyada oo ku saleysan warbixinta, waxaad si buuxda u tirtiri kartaa faylka^{(completely delete the file)} haddii uusan ammaan ahayn. Haddii ay xidhan tahay, waxa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad isticmaasho Tool Unlocker Tool marka hore.

Haddii aad haysato software ka-hortagga 3-aad ee ku rakiban, waxaad iskaan kartaa adigoo isticmaalaya macnaha guud sidoo kale. Waad hubin kartaa warbixinta oo aad qaadan kartaa go'aan ku habboon.

Akhri^(Read) : Taxadarada loo baahan yahay si loo ilaaliyo kombayutarka Windows^{(Precautions required to protect your Windows computer)} .

3] Ku^(Get) sawir sawir qaade Malware Online ah^{(Online Malware Scanner)}

Markaad u baahato ra'yi labaad oo ku saabsan fayl aad u malaynayso inuu yahay malware, ka dibna iskaanka Malware online ayaa ku anfacaya. Xitaa way fiicantahay haddii iskaanka khadka tooska ah uu isticmaalo antiviruses badan si uu u sawiro faylka.

Jotti Malware Scanner iyo  Virustotal ayaa ka mid ah iskaankayaasha malware-ka tooska ah^{(best free online malware scanners)} ee ugu fiican si loo ogaado faylasha iyo URL^(URLs) -yada malware-ka. Waxay isticmaalaan matoorro badan oo ka hortag ah si ay u falanqeeyaan ugana sawiraan faylasha malware-ka.

Si fudud^(Simply) u gal virustotal.com oo laga bilaabo tabka faylalka^(Files) , dhagsii Xulashada Faylka^{(Choose File)} si aad u geliso faylka barnaamijka aad rabto inaad hubiso.

Markaad soo rogto faylka, waxay bilaabi doontaa in ay ku falanqeyso matoorada antivirus ee kala duwan. Sawirku wuxuu socon doonaa dhowr ilbiriqsi ama daqiiqado (waxay kuxirantahay cabbirka faylka) marka la sameeyo, waxaad arki doontaa warbixinnada matoorada antivirus ee kala duwan. Haddii ay dhan tahay cagaar, waxaad sii wadi kartaa inaad ku rakibto barnaamijka PC-gaaga.

Laakin, haddii ay muujiso heerka nuxurka xaasidnimada ah^{(malicious content)} ee casaanka^(Red) , waa inaadan ku rakibin nidaamkaaga.

Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaad arki kartaa Guryaha^(Properties) aasaasiga ah , macluumaadka nooca faylka, saxiixayaasha, calaamadaha dabeecadda, faallooyinka, iyo faahfaahin dheeraad ah si loo falanqeeyo faylka barnaamijka.

Akhri^(Read) : Tijaabi in Antivirus-ku shaqaynayo iyo in kale^{(Test if Antivirus is working or not)} .

4] Ka hubi daabacaha la xaqiijiyay

Had iyo jeer iska hubi inaad ku rakibayso software ka daabacaad la xaqiijiyay. Waxay noqon kartaa Microsoft ama shirkad kasta oo weyn oo caan ah. Haddii ay ka timid calaamad caan ah, ku dheji. Haddii kale, waxaan ku talin lahaa inaan lagu rakibin PC-gaaga.

Waxaad ku hubin kartaa macluumaadka daabacaha adiga oo midigta gujinaya faylka barnaamijka ka dibna dooro ikhtiyaarka Guryaha^(Properties) . Daaqadda Guryaha, aad tabka Saxiixa ^(Properties)Dijital ah^{(Digital Signatures)} oo hubi magacyada saxiixayaasha.

Sidoo kale, hubi inaad ka soo dejisanayso barnaamij mareegaha rasmiga ah oo keliya. Ka fogow inaad^(Avoid) soo dejiso faylasha aan la garanayn iyo meelaha kale.

Akhri^(Read) : Liiska  Aaladaha Decryptor Ransomware^{(Ransomware Decryptor Tools)} ee bilaashka ah .

5] Ku xaqiiji daacadnimada faylka ^{(Verify File Integrity)}Hash Value

Noocyo badan oo software ah ayaa bixiya qiimaha xashiishka ee faylasha barnaamijkooda mareegaha rasmiga ah.

Waxaad ku hubin kartaa qiimahan adigoo isticmaalaya Faylka daacadnimada & Checksum Checker^{(File Integrity & Checksum Checker)} . Haddii qiimaha xashiishka uu kala duwan yahay, faylka waa la bedelay waxaana jira fursado sare oo uu ku jiro kood xaasidnimo ah. Waad iska ilaalin kartaa inaad ku rakibto PC-gaaga.

Akhri^(Read) : Sidee lagu ogaan karaa in kombuyuutarku uu leeyahay fayras?^{(tell if your computer has a virus?)}

6] Adeegso astaanta Sandbox Windows

Haddii aad isticmaasho Windows 11/10 Pro ama Windows 11/10 Enterprise Editions , waxaad isticmaali kartaa qaabka Windows Sandbox si aad u hubiso in barnaamijku yahay xaasidnimo iyo in kale.

Kaliya socodsii Windows Sandbox^{(run Windows Sandbox)} oo koobi ka dhig oo ku dheji faylkaaga barnaamijka. Intaa ka dib, socodsii barnaamijka oo falanqee hab dhaqankiisa. Haddii ay si habsami leh u socoto, waxay u badan tahay inay ammaan tahay. Haddii aad aragto dabeecad shaki leh, ka dib iska ilaali inaad ku rakibto nidaamkaaga dhabta ah. Boostada ayaa kuu sheegi doonta sidaad ugu suurtagelin lahayd Windows Sandbox gudaha Windows 11/10 Guriga

Akhri^(Read) :  How to remove virus from Windows 11/10 .

Sida ay yiraahdaan, ka hortagga ayaa ka fiican daaweynta^{(prevention is better than cure)} . Markaa, ka hor inta aanad furin fayl shaki leh, hubi in uu ku jiro wax malware ah iyo in kale.

How to check if a file is malicious or not on Windows 11/10

Third-party programs are widely used on Windows and other operating systems. But, how can you tell if a program is safe to install or not? How can you be so sure that the program file you are going to run on your system, contains no virus? As attackers usе program (exe) files to inject differеnt types оf malware and viruses and attack your sуstem, it is critical to enѕure you are installing a safe program. In this guide, we will be discussing some tips to check if a file is malicious or not.

How to check if a file is malicious

Here are the ways to check a program file for virus before installing it on your PC:

1. Basic steps
2. Right-click the file and scan it with your security software
3. Get it scanned with an Online Malware Scanner
4. Check for Verified Publisher
5. Verify File Integrity with Hash Value
6. Use the Windows Sandbox feature.

Now, let’s check out these in detail.

1] Basic steps

A file may show the icon of a, say, Word document and display the name as, say, File.docx. But do not get fooled by the file icon, the name, or the “file extension part” you may see. First, make Windows show the file extension and only then check the file extension. If the mentioned file File.docx was a disguised malware file, don’t be surprised if its name now appears as File.docx.exe! Such disguised files have a high probability of being malicious.

Next, check it is in the location it is meant to be or not. Windows OS files are located in the System32 folder typically. If a file has a name similar to a legit Windows file but is located elsewhere, it could be a virus.

Also, open the doubtful file’s location, right-click on it select Properties, and check under the Details tab. Do you recognize its Publisher, developer, or Copyright holder?

Read: Check if a Website or URL is safe using Online URL Scanners.

2] Right-click the file and scan it with your security software

The next thing you can do to check a program file for viruses is to scan it with Windows built-in security feature which is Windows Defender. After downloading a program file, simply right-click on it and then use the Scan with Microsoft Defender option. It will scan the file for viruses and show you the results if there are any threats associated. Based on the report, you can completely delete the file in case it is unsafe. If it is locked, you may need to use a File Unlocker Tool first.

If you have a 3rd-party antivirus software installed, you could scan it using your context menu too. You can check the report and take a decision accordingly.

Read: Precautions required to protect your Windows computer.

3] Get it scanned with an Online Malware Scanner

When you need a second opinion about a file that you think is malware, then online Malware scanners come in handy. And it is even better if the online scanner uses multiple antiviruses to scan a file.

Jotti Malware Scanner and Virustotal are among the best free online malware scanners to detect files and URLs for malware. They use multiple antivirus engines to analyze and scan files for malware.

Simply go to virustotal.com and from its Files tab, click on the Choose File option to upload the program file you want to check.

As you upload the file, it will start analyzing it with different antivirus engines. The scan will run for a few seconds or minutes (depending upon file size) and when it is done, you will see reports from various antivirus engines. If it is all Green, you can go on with installing the program on your PC.

But, if it shows malicious content status in Red, you should probably not install it on your system.

Furthermore, you can view basic Properties, file version information, signers, behavior tags, comments, and more details to analyze the program file.

Read: Test if Antivirus is working or not.

4] Check for Verified Publisher

Always check if you are installing software from a verified publisher. It can be Microsoft or any other major and known company. If it is from a popular brand, install it. Else, I would recommend not to install it on your PC.

You can check for publisher information by right-clicking on the program file and then selecting the Properties option. In the Properties window, go to the Digital Signatures tab and check for the names of signers.

Also, make sure you download a program from its official website only. Avoid downloading files from unknown and other platforms.

Read: List of free Ransomware Decryptor Tools.

5] Verify File Integrity with Hash Value

A lot of software brands provide the hash values of their program files on their official website.

You can check this value with a File Integrity & Checksum Checker. If the hash value varies, the file is modified and there are higher chances that it contains malicious code. You can avoid installing it on your PC.

Read: How to tell if your computer has a virus?

6] Use Windows Sandbox feature

If you use Windows 11/10 Pro or Windows 11/10 Enterprise Editions, you can use the Windows Sandbox feature to check whether a program is malicious or not.

Simply run Windows Sandbox and copy and paste your program file to it. After that, run the program and analyze its behavior. If it is running smoothly, it is most probably safe. If you see suspicious behavior, then avoid installing it to your actual system. This post will whos you how to enable Windows Sandbox in Windows 11/10 Home

Read: How to remove virus from Windows 11/10.

As they say, prevention is better than cure. So, before opening a suspicious file, do check if it contains any malware or not.

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