Router-kaagu waa mid ka mid ah qaybaha ugu muhiimsan shabakadaada. Waxay u dhaxaysaa shabakada maxaliga ah iyo internetka^(Internet) . Waxaa sidoo kale loo qaabeyn karaa sidii dab-damis^{(configured as a firewall)} , si loo ilaaliyo LAN-kaaga xafiiska ama shabakadda guriga. Boostadani waxay ku siinaysaa shan talo si aad u ilaaliso routerkaaga. Waxa kale oo ay leedahay tibaax gunno ah si loogu daro ilaalin dheeraad ah router iyo Wi-Fi .

Sida loo ilaaliyo routerkaaga WiFi

Halkan waxaa ah muqaalka waxa aad akhrinayso hoos.

1. Furaha sirta ah ee router-ka
2. Cusbooneysii firmware
3. Sir adoo isticmaalaya WPA2 ama habab ka dambeeya
4. U beddel erayga sirta ah ee Wi-Fi si joogto ah
5. Dami WPS
6. Shaandhee^{(Filter MAC)} ciwaanada MAC ( Xakamaynta Helitaanka Warbaahinta^{(Media Access Control)} )

1] Isticmaal furaha sirta ah ee wanaagsan

Aan ku bilowno waxa ugu aasaasiga ah - bedelida erayga sirta ah ee router. Soosaarayaasha router^(Router) -ku waxay u hayaan aqoonsiga caadiga ah "admin" iyo erayga sirta ah sida "password". Waa inaad beddeshaa ka hor inta aanad ku xidhin router-ka, oo markaa dhammaan shabakadaada guriga ama xafiiska, internetka^(Internet) .

Si aad u gasho router-ka, fur browser-kaaga oo ku qor 192.168.1.1 ciwaanka ciwaanka. Geli "^{(Enter “)} admin" sanduuqa aqoonsiga iyo "password" sanduuqa sirta ah. Haddii taasi shaqayn waydo, u isticmaal “admin” aqoonsiga iyo erayga sirta ah labadaba. Waxa kale oo aad isku dayi kartaa "password" labadaba aqoonsiga iyo goobaha sirta ah. Ha ku darin xigashooyinka marka aad ku qorayso aqoonsiga iyo erayga sirta ah. Haddii ay wali dhibaato kaa haysato gelitaanka router-kaaga, Google ka samee oo ku daydo router-ka ama weydii adiga oo la xidhiidha nidaamyada taageerada onlaynka ah ee soo saaraha.

U samee furaha sirta ah ee routerkaaga. Isticmaal ugu yaraan 12 xaraf: isku darka xarfo waaweyn iyo kuwa hoose, tirooyin, iyo xarfo gaar ah. Ha isticmaalin furaha sirta ah ee daciifka ah - oo ay ku jiraan magaca xaaskaaga, gurigaaga ama nambarka goobtaada, lambarka sirta ah ee degaankaaga. Dhammaan kuwan waxaa si fudud u jebin kara hackers-ka sidaa darteed u raadi furaha sirta ah ee wanaagsan.

Waxaan kugula talinayaa inaad isticmaasho mid ka mid ah maamulayaasha sirta ah^{(password managers)} sida Lastpass browser^(Lastpass) -kaaga si aad u hesho inay ku soo galaan xitaa haddii aadan xasuusan karin furahaaga. Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad xasuusato erayga sirta ah ee sayidku kaliya, haddii ay dhacdo maamulayaasha erayga sirta ah.

2] Cusbooneysii Firmware

Habkani sidoo kale wuxuu u baahan yahay gelitaanka router-ka. Ciwaankaagu waa 192.168.1.1 ee aan kor ku soo sheegnay. Waa inaad gelisaa lambarada barta ciwaanka ee browserkaaga. Markaad ku jirto bogga router, gal. Laga soo bilaabo liiska dhinaca ama liiska sare, ka raadi ikhtiyaarka "Backup". Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa in cinwaan looga dhigo " Cusboonaysiinta^(Update) ".

Guji^(Click) ikhtiyaarka si aad u cusboonaysiiso router-ka. Tani waxay ku weydiin doontaa inaad ka doorato faylka kaydinta kombiyuutarkaaga. Dooro "Browse" oo hel faylka cusboonaysiinta firmware router-ka. Guji^(Click) "Codso". Firmware-kii ugu dambeeyay waxa ku bixiya soo saaraha aaladahaagu shabakadooda oo u baahan in lagu soo dejiyo kumbuyuutarkaaga. Haddii aadan ka heli karin bogga soo saaraha routerkaaga, wac iyaga oo weydii xiriirka cusboonaysiinta firmware-ka.

Inta badan router-yada iskood isu cusboonaysiiya, laakiin router-yadii hore wali waa in gacanta lagu cusboonaysiiyaa. Markaad cusboonaysiiso routerkaaga, waxaad ku daraysaa ilaalin dheeraad ah: hagaajinta ugu dambeysay ee kutaannada iyo balastarrada arrimaha la yaqaan.

3] Siri Wi-Fi^{(Encrypt Wi-Fi)} adoo isticmaalaya WPA2 ama habab dambe

Doorashadan sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa bogga kontoroolka router-ka. Waa inaad gasho oo aad tagtaa bogga ay ku jirto ikhtiyaarka aad ku qarin karto faylasha adoo isticmaalaya WEP , WPA , ama WPA2 . Had^(Always) iyo jeer dooro WPA2 ama xulashooyinka dambe. Saddexda lagu sheegay boostadan, WPA2 ayaa ugu badbaado badan Wi-Fi gaaga .

4] Beddel^(Change) magaca caadiga ah iyo erayga sirta ah ee Wi-Fi

Waa inaad beddeshaa magaca Wi-Fi-gaaga caadiga ah iyo eraygaaga sirta ah . Waa inaad sidoo kale tan si joogto ah u beddeshaa. Taasi waxay kaa caawin doontaa in shandadaha aan loo baahnayn laga saaro xidhiidhkaaga internetka^(Internet) . Waxaa laga yaabaa inay dhacdo in qof kale uu bangigaaga doofaarka ku hayo xiriirkaaga internetka^(Internet) ee baahiyaha gaarka ah. Waxaad ogaan kartaa haddii ay jiraan wax xiriiro ah oo aan la rabin adigoo isticmaalaya software sida Who is on my Wi-Fi?

Beddelka erayga sirta ah waxay la macno noqon kartaa inaad mar labaad gasho aaladahaaga Wi-Fi, laakiin waxay sidoo kale kaa caawinaysaa daadinta shandad aan loo baahnayn oo qaab dadka u isticmaalaya xidhiidhkaaga internetka^(Internet) baahidooda.

Akhri^(Read) : Sida loo hubiyo in routerkaaga la jabsaday^{(How to check if your Router is hacked)} .

5] Dami Dejinta Ilaalinta Wi-Fi

Qaar ka mid ah router-yada iyo gears-yada waxay la yimaadaan beddelaad awood u siinaya Dejinta Ilaalinta Wi-Fi^{(Wi-Fi Protected Setup)} . Dejinta Ilaalinta Wi-Fi^{(Wi-Fi Protected Setup)} waxaa guud ahaan loo yaqaan WPS . Habka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u muuqdo mid ka sahlan in la siiyo macaamiisha sirtaada. Laakiin habku waa u nugushahay weerarrada xoogga ah waxaana laga yaabaa inay u oggolaadaan tuugadu inay jabsadaan routerkaaga oo ay halkaas ka galaan, Wi-Fi gaaga.

Akhri^(Read) : Sida loo hagaajiyo dayacanka Shabakadda Wi-Fi ee Dadweynaha iyo Guriga.

6] Shaandhee^{(Filter MAC)} ciwaanada MAC ( Xakamaynta Helitaanka Warbaahinta^{(Media Access Control)} )

Qalab kasta oo shabakadaada ku jira waxa uu leeyahay ciwaanka MAC (Media Access Control)^{(MAC (Media Access Control) address)} . Waa sida cinwaanada IP-ga laakiin dhab ahaantii waa ciwaan gaar ah oo lagu garto aaladaha ku jira shabakada kombayutarka. Hubi dhammaan aaladaha aad rabto inaad ku xidho router-ka. U fiirso ciwaankooda MAC oo habee routerkaaga si aaladaha leh ciwaanada MAC ee la cayimay ay ugu xidhmaan internetkaaga^(Internet) .

Ma aha in MAC ID^{(MAC IDs)} -yada aan la shubin karin. Hackers-ku waxa laga yaabaa inay aflagaadeeyaan ciwaannada MAC , laakiin marka hore, waxay u baahan yihiin inay ogaadaan ciwaanka MAC si ay mid la mid ah ugu abuuraan qalabkooda, kaas oo ay ku qasbanaan doonaan inay galaan router-kaaga.

Waxaan rajeynayaa in kor ku xusan ay ku caawiyaan. Hoos ka faallooda si aad noogu ogeysiiso habab badan oo lagu sugo routerkaaga.

How to secure and protect your WiFi Router

Yоur router is one of the most important entities on your network. It sits between the loсal network аnd thе Internet. It can be configured as a firewall too, to protect your office LAN or home network. This post gives you five tips to secure your router. It also has a bonus tip to add more protection to the router and Wi-Fi.

How to secure your WiFi Router

Here is a glimpse of what you are going to read below.

1. Good password for the router
2. Update firmware
3. Encrypt using WPA2 or later methods
4. Change password for Wi-Fi regularly
5. Disable WPS
6. Filter MAC addresses (Media Access Control) addresses.

1] Use a good password

Let’s start with the most basic thing – changing the router password. Router manufacturers keep the default ID “admin” and password as “password”. You have to change it before you connect the router, and thereby your whole home or office network, to the Internet.

To log into the router, open your browser and type 192.168.1.1 in its address bar. Enter “admin” in the ID textbox and “password” in the password textbox. If that doesn’t work, use “admin” for both ID and password. You may also try “password” in both ID and password fields. Do not include the quotes when typing in the ID and password. If you still have problems logging into your router, google with the router make and model or ask for it by contacting the manufacturer’s online support systems.

Create a good password for your router. Use at least 12 characters: a combination of upper- and lower-case letters, some numbers, and some special character. Don’t use weak passwords – including your spouse’s name, your flat or plot number, pin code for your area. All these can be easily broken by hackers so go for better passwords.

I recommend using one of the password managers such as Lastpass to your browsers so that you can have them log you in even if you don’t remember your passwords. You need to remember the master password only, in case of password managers.

2] Update Firmware

This method too requires logging into the router. Your router address is 192.168.1.1 that we’ve mentioned above. You have to enter the numbers into the address bar of your browser. Once on the router page, log in. From the list of side or upper menu, look for the “Backup” option. It may also be titled “Update”.

Click on the option to upgrade the router. This will ask you to select a file from your computer storage. Select “Browse” and find the router firmware update file. Click on “Apply”. The latest firmware is provided by your devices’ manufacturer on their website that needs to be downloaded to your computer. If you can’t find it on the website of your router manufacturer, call them up and ask for the link to the firmware upgrade.

Most routers upgrade themselves, but older routers still have to be manually upgraded. By upgrading your router, you are adding more protection: the latest bug fixes and patches for known issues.

3] Encrypt Wi-Fi using WPA2 or later methods

This option too is available via the router control panel page. You have to log in and go to the page that contains the option to encrypt files using WEP, WPA, or WPA2. Always select WPA2 or later options. Of the three mentioned in this post, WPA2 is most secure for your Wi-Fi.

4] Change the default name & password for Wi-Fi

You should change your default Wi-Fi name and password. You should also change this regularly. That will help the unwanted baggage to be removed from your Internet connection. It may happen that someone else is piggy banking on your Internet connection for personal needs. You can find out if there are any unwanted connections using software like Who is on my Wi-Fi?

Changing the password may mean logging into your Wi-Fi devices again, but it also helps in shedding unwanted baggage in the form of people using your Internet connection for their needs.

Read: How to check if your Router is hacked.

5] Disable Wi-Fi Protected Setup

Some routers and gears come with a switch that enables Wi-Fi Protected Setup. Wi-Fi Protected Setup is generally known as WPS. The method may seem easier than giving away your password to clients. But the method is susceptible to brute force attacks and may let hackers hack into your router and from there, into your Wi-Fi.

Read: How to fix Public and Home Wi-Fi Network vulnerabilities.

6] Filter MAC addresses (Media Access Control) addresses

Every device on your network has a MAC (Media Access Control) address. It is like IP addresses but is actually a separate address to identify devices on your computer network. Check out what all devices you wish to connect to the router. Note down their MAC addresses and configure your router so that only the devices with specified MAC addresses can connect to your Internet.

It is not that the MAC IDs can’t be spoofed. Hackers may spoof MAC addresses, but first, they need to know the MAC address to create a similar one on their devices for which, they’ll have to access your router.

I hope the above helps. Comment below to let us know about more methods to secure your router.

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