Weligaa ma maqashay FINDSTR iyo Xarig -Xulashada^{(Select-String)} ? Select-string waa cmdlet loo isticmaalo in lagu baadho qoraalka & qaababka xargaha gelinta & faylasha. Waxay la mid tahay grep Linux & FINDSTR ee Windows . Tilmaan-bixiyahan, waxaanu ku aragnaa waxa iyo sida loo isticmaalo FINDSTR iyo amarrada -String^{( Select-String )} gudaha Windows 11/10.

 

Waa maxay FINDSTR iyo sida loo isticmaalo FINDSTR

FINDSTR waa amar loo isticmaalo in lagu helo qoraal gaar ah oo ku jira faylasha Windows . Soo hel^(Find) String marka la soo gaabiyo waxay noqotay FINDSTR . Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa in lagu helo faylal leh qoraal gaar ah. Waxaa jira amarro kala duwan oo FINDSTR ah oo lagu sameeyo hawlo kala duwan. Waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu sii daayay Qalabka Kheyraadka ee ^{(Resource Kit)}Windows 2000 oo wata magaca qgrep . Waa qalab ku dhex dhisan Windows -ka faysalkiisuna waxa uu u qoran yahay qaabka .exe. FINDSTR ma raadiso baytyada bu'da ah sida meelaha bannaan ee qaabka Unicode .

Waxaa jira xeerar aasaasi ah oo loo adeegsado Findstr Command ee Command Prompt ama Turjubaannada Khadka Taleefanka^{(Command Line Interpreters)} kale , kuwaas oo ay soo saartay Microsoft . Waxay kala yihiin:

• Amarka FINDSTR^(FINDSTR) kasta waa in uu ka kooban yahay xarig oo uu la socdo magac fayl.
• Waxaad ku isticmaali kartaa xarfaha saxda ah iyo xarfaha badan ee amarrada FINDSTR . Jilayaasha suugaanta macne gaar ah kuma laha jumlada. Xarfaha iyo nambarada waxaa lagu magacaabaa jilayaal sax ah. Meta- characters waa calaamado macne gaar ah u leh mid walba. Kuwa soo socdaa waa jilayaasha-beeraha la aqbalay ee ku jira syntax iyo macnahooda.

^

• Waa inaad abuurtaa fayl qoraal ah oo leh shuruudo raadin oo ku yaal xariiq gooni ah markaad rabto inaad raadiso xargo badan.
• Isticmaal^(Use) meelo bannaan oo u dhexeeya xargaha si aad u raadiso xargo badan oo hal amar ah marka laga reebo syntax-ka /c.

Halbeegyada iyo macnaha ay ku leeyihiin findstr syntax

Halbeegga

Sharaxaada

/b

Ku habboon^(Matches) qaabka qoraalka haddii uu ku yaal bilowga xariiqda.

/e

Waafaqayaa^(Matches) qaabka qoraalka haddii uu ku yaal dhamaadka xariiqda.

/l

Geedi socodka raadinta xargaha macno ahaan.

/r

Waxay u shaqeysaa raadinta xargaha sida tibaaxaha caadiga ah. Kani waa habaynta caadiga ah.

/s

Wuxuu raadiyaa^(Searches) tusaha hadda jira iyo dhammaan haga-hoosaadyada.

/i

Wuxuu iska indhatiraa kiiska jilayaasha marka la raadinayo xargaha.

/x

Wuxuu daabacaa khadadka si sax ah u dhigma.

/v

Wuxuu daabacaa kaliya khadadka aan ku jirin taraq.

/n

Wuxuu daabacaa nambarka xariiqda xariiq kasta oo u dhigma.

/m

Daabacaadda kaliya magaca faylka haddii faylku ka kooban yahay tabar.

/o

Daabacaadda ka-goynta xarfaha ka hor inta aan la qaadin khad kasta oo ku habboon.

/p

Ku boodo faylasha leh xarfo aan la daabici karin.

/off[line]

Ma dhaafo faylasha leh sifada qadla'aanta.

/f: <file>

Wuxuu ka helaa liiska faylka faylka la cayimay.

/c: <string>

Waxay u isticmaashaa qoraalka la cayimay sidii xadhig raadin dhab ah.

/g: <file>

Wuxuu ka helaa xargaha raadinta faylka la cayimay.

/d:<dirlist>

Wuxuu raadiyaa^(Searches) liiska la cayimay ee hagayaasha Hagaha kasta waa in lagu kala saaraa hal-ku-dheg (;), tusaale ahaan  dir1;dir2;dir3.

/a:<colorattribute>

Wuxuu qeexayaa sifooyinka midabka leh laba lambar oo hexadecimal ah. Ku qor  Â macluumaad dheeri ahcolor
/?

<string>

Wuxuu qeexayaa qoraalka lagu raadinayo in  filename . loo baahan yahay

<span “>[\<drive>:] [<dariiqa>]<filename>[…]

Wuxuu qeexayaa goobta iyo faylka ama faylasha la raadinayo. Ugu yaraan hal magac oo fayl ayaa loo baahan yahay.

/?

Muujinta Caawinta isla markiiba amarka.

Isticmaalka amarrada Findstr

1] Si aad u raadiso ereyga microsoft ama windows in file xy, waa inaad isticmaashaa:

findstr microsoft windows x.y

2] Si aad u raadiso erayga microsoft windows in file xy, waa inaad isticmaashaa:

findstr /c:"microsoft windows" x.y

Amarka sare /cwaxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu raadiyo qoraalka la cayimay “Microsoft windowsâ€TM ee faylka ku jira.

3] Haddii aad rabto inaad ka hesho dhacdooyinka kelmadda Microsoft oo leh Capital M faylka qoraalka twc.txt, waa inaad isticmaashaa:

findstr Microsoft twc.txt

4] Haddii aad rabto inaad ka raadiso kelmad gaar ah Microsoft oo ku jira hagaha iyo buug-hoosaadyadeeda adoon siinin muhiimadda nooca kiisaska, isticmaal:

findstr /s /i Microsoft *.*

Syntax-ka sare, /swaxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu baadho hagaha hadda jira iyo haga-hoosaadyadiisa. /iwaxa loo istcimaalaa in la iska indhatiro nooca kiis (caasimada M) ee xadhkaha Microsoft .

5] Haddii aad rabto in aad hesho khadadka ka bilaabma To oo leh meelo badan ka hor ereyga oo aad rabto in aad muujiso lambarka xariiqda halka ay xadhkaha ka dhaceen, isticmaal:

findstr /b /n /r /c:^ *To *.bas

6] Haddii aad rabto inaad ka raadiso xadhkaha badan ee faylal badan leh shuruudaha raadinta ee stringlist.txt iyo liiska faylasha ee filelist.txt oo aad rabto inaad aragto natiijooyinka ku kaydsan natiijada faylka.out, isticmaal:

findstr /g:stringlist.txt /f:filelist.txt > results.out

7] Haddii aad rabto inaad hesho faylasha ay ku jiraan ereyga thewindowsclub hage gaar ah iyo hagi-hoosaadyadeeda, isticmaal:

findstr /s /i /m \<thewindowsclub\> *.*

8] Haddii aad rabto inaad hesho faylal ay ku jiraan thewindowsclub iyo ereyo kale oo ku bilaabma sida tesis, heerkulbeeg, iwm, isticmaal:

findstr /s /i /m \<the.* *.*

Kuwani waa siyaabaha aad u isticmaali karto amarrada Findstr ee tarjumayaasha Command-Line sida Command Prompt , iwm. Waa inaad fahamtaa halbeeg kasta iyo shaqadiisa iyo sidoo kale jilayaasha-meta iyo macnahooda si aad u qorto syntax oo aad si joogto ah u isticmaasho amarka Findstr.

Waa maxay Select-string iyo xuduudaheeda

Bal qiyaas^(Imagine) inaad ku qorayso cutubyada koodka PowerShell oo aad lumisay raadadka xargaha iyo qoraalka qaarkood faylka PowerShell . Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka hesho in badan oo kun xariiq oo kood ah oo ku dhex jira kumanaan xadhig iyo erayo. Waxaa jira amarka Select-^{(Select-String)} string kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad ka raadiso xargaha iyo qoraalka galka PowerShell . Waxay la mid tahay grep on Linux .

Select-^{(Select-String)} string waa cmdlet loo isticmaalo in lagu baadho qoraalka iyo qaababka xargaha gelinta iyo faylasha. Waxay la mid tahay grep Linux iyo FINDSTR ee Windows . Marka loo isticmaalo Select-string si aad u raadiso qaar ka mid ah qoraallada, waxay ka heleysaa ciyaarta ugu horeysa ee sadar kasta waxayna soo bandhigaysaa magaca faylka, lambarka xariiqa, iyo dhammaan xariiqda meesha ciyaartu ka dhacday. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu helo taraqyo badan halkii sadar ama in lagu soo bandhigo qoraal ka hor ama ka dib ciyaarta, ama aad ka heli kartaa natiijooyinka Boolean odhaahyada sida Run^(True) ama Been^(False) adeegso amarka. WildCard^(WildCards) - yada aad ku isticmaasho FINDSTRsidoo kale waxaa lagu isticmaali karaa Select-string . Sidoo kale, Select-string wuxuu la shaqeeyaa faylal kala duwan sida ASCII , Unicode , iwm. Waxay isticmaashaa Byte-Order-Mark ( BOM ) si loo go'aamiyo codeeynta faylka. Haddii BOM uu ka maqan yahay faylka, Select-string wuxuu u qaadan doonaa faylka UTF8 .

Halbeegyada Select-string

Microsoft waxa ay maanka ku haysay oo ay samaysay cabbirada hoose ee loo isticmaali doono syntax.

-AllMatches

Waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu baadho dhammaan kulammada safka ku jira si ka soo horjeeda kulanka ugu horreeya ee xariiqda Xulashada-Sting^{(Select-Sting)} sida caadiga ah.

-CaseSensitive

Waxay ka dhigan tahay in ciyaartu tahay kiis xasaasi ah. Sida caadiga ah, Select-string maaha kiis xasaasi ah.

-Context

Waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qabto tirada la cayimay ee xariiqda aad geliso ka hor iyo ka dib khadka ciyaarta. Haddii aad gasho 1, waxa ay qabanaysaa hal xariiq ciyaarta ka hor iyo ka dib.

-Culture

Waxaa jira dhaqamo gaar ah sida ordinal, aan kala duwanayn, iwm marka codaynta lagu sameeyo. Halbeeg-ganacsigan waxa loo adeegsadaa in lagu qeexo dhaqanka hab-raacyada.

-Encoding

Waxa loo adeegsadaa in lagu qeexo qaabka qoraalka ee faylalka sida ASCII , UTF8 , UTF7 , Unicode , iwm.

-Exclude

Halbeeggaan waxa loo isticmaalaa in laga saaro qoraal gaar ah oo ku jira faylka.

-Include

Halbeeggaan waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daro qoraal gaar ah faylka.

-InputObject

Waxaa loo adeegsadaa in lagu qeexo qoraalka la raadinayo.

-List

Waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro liiska faylasha ku habboon qoraalka.

-LiteralPath

Waxaa loo adeegsadaa in lagu qeexo dariiqa raadinta.

-NoEmphasis

Guud ahaan, Xarig-Dooro^{(Select-String)} waxay muujisaa ciyaarta ku jirta faylka. Halbeeggaan waxaa loo isticmaalaa si looga fogaado muujinta.

-NotMatch

Waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu helo qoraalka aan ku habboonayn qaabka la cayimay.

-Path

Waxaa loo adeegsadaa in lagu qeexo dariiqa lagu baarayo iyadoo la adeegsanayo calaamado duurjoog ah.

-Pattern

Halbeegga waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu helo ciyaarta sadar kasta qaab ahaan.

-Quiet

Halbeeggaan waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu helo wax soo saarka qiyamka Boolean sida ^(Boolean)Run^(True) ama Been^(False) .

-Raw

Waxa loo istcimaalaa in lagu arko shay isku mid ah oo kaliya halkii laga arki lahaa macluumaadka^(Match) isku-dhafan .

-SimpleMatch

Halbeegga waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qeexo ciyaar fudud halkii laga ahaan lahaa ciyaar odhaah caadi ah.

Farqiga u dhexeeya FINDSTR iyo Xarig -Dooro^{(Select-String)}

FINDSTR waa fayl hore oo PowerShell ah oo la fulin karo kaas oo loo isticmaalo in lagu baadho qoraalka iyo xadhkaha faylalka. Select-^{(Select-String)} string waa PowerShell cmdlet oo loo isticmaalo in lagu raadiyo qoraalka iyo qaababka faylasha. Marka la barbar dhigo FINDSTR , Xarig -Xulashadu^{(Select-String)} waa cmdlet ka awood badan oo kakan oo muujisa macluumaad badan oo ku saabsan ciyaarta.

Waa maxay PowerShell u dhiganta grep?

Select-string waa PowerShell oo u dhiganta grep ee laga heli karo Windows . Waxay u shaqeysaa si la mid ah grep-ka waxayna bixisaa macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan ciyaarta iyadoo loo eegayo cabbirrada aan ku isticmaalno syntax.

FINDSTR ma ku shaqeysaa faylasha Word?

Haa, FINDSTR waxay ku shaqeysaa faylalka Word . Laakin ma tusi karto helida kulanada xitaa haddii xargaha aad gelisay ay ku jiraan faylka. Waxay ku siin kartaa natiijooyinka faylalka binary ee qaababka .doc laakiin kuma aha qaababka .docx sababo farsamo oo aan la garanayn.

Akhri wax la xidhiidha^{(Related Read)} : Sida loo hubiyo nooca PowerShell ee Windows.^{(How to check the PowerShell version in Windows.)}

How to use FINDSTR and Select-String Commands in Windows 11/10

Have you ever heard of FINDSTR and Select-String? Select-String is a cmdlet that is used to search text & the patterns in input strings & files. It is similar to grep on Linux & FINDSTR on Windows. In this guide, we see what and how to use FINDSTR and Select-String commands in Windows 11/10.

What is FINDSTR and how to use FINDSTR

FINDSTR is a command used to find specific text in files on Windows. Find String when put in short became FINDSTR. It is also used to find files with specific text. There are various FINDSTR commands to do various functions. It was first released with Windows 2000 Resource Kit with the name qgrep. It is a built-in tool in Windows and its file is available in .exe format. FINDSTR does not search null bytes like spaces in the Unicode format.

There are some basic rules to use findstr command on Command Prompt or other Command Line Interpreters, which are developed by Microsoft. They are:

• Each FINDSTR command must contain a string followed by a file name.
• You can use literal characters and meta-characters in FINDSTR commands. Literal characters do not have any special meaning in the syntax. Letters and numbers are called literal characters. Meta-characters are symbols that have specific meanings for each one. The following are the accepted meta-characters in the syntax and their meanings.

^

• You should create a text file with search criteria on a separate line when you want to search for multiple strings.
• Use spaces between strings to search for multiple strings in a single command except for the syntax with /c.

Parameters and their meaning in findstr syntax

Parameter

Description

/b

Matches the text pattern if it is at the beginning of a line.

/e

Matches the text pattern if it is at the end of a line.

/l

Processes search strings literally.

/r

Processes search strings as regular expressions. This is the default setting.

/s

Searches the current directory and all subdirectories.

/i

Ignores the case of the characters when searching for the string.

/x

Prints lines that match exactly.

/v

Prints only lines that don’t contain a match.

/n

Prints the line number of each line that matches.

/m

Prints only the file name if a file contains a match.

/o

Prints character offset before each matching line.

/p

Skips files with non-printable characters.

/off[line]

Does not skip files that have the offline attribute set.

/f:<file>

Gets a file list from the specified file.

/c:<string>

Uses the specified text as a literal search string.

/g:<file>

Gets search strings from the specified file.

/d:<dirlist>

Searches the specified list of directories. Each directory must be separated with a semicolon (;), for example dir1;dir2;dir3.

/a:<colorattribute>

Specifies color attributes with two hexadecimal digits. Type color
/? for additional information.

<string>

Specifies the text to search for in filename. Required.

<span “>[\<drive>:][<path>]<filename>[…]

Specifies the location and file or files to search. At least one file name is required.

/?

Displays Help at the command prompt.

Usage of findstr commands

1] To search for the word microsoft or windows in file x.y, you should use:

findstr microsoft windows x.y

2] To search for the word microsoft  windows in file x.y, you should use:

findstr /c:"microsoft windows" x.y

In the above command /c is used to search for the specified text “microsoft windows’ in the file.

3] If you want to find the occurrences of the word Microsoft with capital M in the text file twc.txt, you should use:

findstr Microsoft twc.txt

4] If you want to search for a specific word Microsoft in a directory and its sub-directories without giving importance to type cases, use:

findstr /s /i Microsoft *.*

In the above syntax, /s is used to search the current directory and its sub-directories. /i is used to ignore type case (capital M) in the string Microsoft.

5] If you want to find lines that start with To with multiple spaces before the word and want to display the line number where the strings occurred, use:

findstr /b /n /r /c:^ *To *.bas

6] If you want to search for multiple strings in multiple files with search criteria in stringlist.txt and files list in filelist.txt and you want to see the results stored in the file result.out, use:

findstr /g:stringlist.txt /f:filelist.txt > results.out

7] If you want to find the files that contain the word thewindowsclub in a particular directory and its sub-directories, use:

findstr /s /i /m \<thewindowsclub\> *.*

8] If you want to find files that contain the thewindowsclub and other words that begin with the like thesis, thermometer, etc, use:

findstr /s /i /m \<the.* *.*

These are the ways you can use findstr commands in Command-Line interpreters like Command Prompt, etc. You have to understand every parameter and its function as well as the meta-characters and their meaning to write syntax and use findstr command regularly.

What is Select-String and its parameters

Imagine you are writing chunks of code in PowerShell and you lost track of certain strings and text in that PowerShell file. You need to find that in many thousand lines of code within thousands of strings and words. There comes the Select-String command which lets you search for strings and text in those PowerShell input files. It is similar to grep on Linux.

Select-String is a cmdlet that is used to search text and the patterns in input strings and files. It is similar to grep on Linux and FINDSTR on Windows. When used Select-String to search for some text, it finds the first match in each line and displays file name, line number, and the entire line where the match occurred. It can be used to find multiple matches per line or to display text before or after the match, or get results in Boolean expressions like True or False.  You can also use it to display all the text except for the match of the expression you use in the command. The WildCards you use in FINDSTR can be used in Select-String too. Also, Select-String works with different file encodings like ASCII, Unicode, etc. It uses Byte-Order-Mark (BOM) to determine the file encoding. If the BOM is missing in the file, Select-String will assume the file as UTF8.

Parameters of Select-String

Microsoft envisioned and developed the below parameters which shall be used in syntax.

-AllMatches

It is used to search all the matches in a line as opposed to the first match in the line Select-Sting normally does.

-CaseSensitive

It represents that the match is case-sensitive. By default, Select-String is not case-sensitive.

-Context

It is used to capture the specified number of lines you enter before and after the line of the match. If you enter 1, it captures one line before and after the match.

-Culture

There are certain cultures like ordinal, invariant, etc in coding. This parameter is used to specify the culture in the syntax.

-Encoding

It is used to specify the encoding format of the text in files like ASCII, UTF8, UTF7, Unicode, etc.

-Exclude

This parameter is used to exclude certain text in the file.

-Include

This parameter is used to include certain text in the file.

-InputObject

It is used to specify the text to be searched.

-List

It is used to retrieve the list of files that match the text.

-LiteralPath

It is used to specify the path for the search.

-NoEmphasis

Generally, Select-String highlights the match in the file. This parameter is used to avoid highlighting.

-NotMatch

It is used to find the text that doesn’t match the specified pattern.

-Path

It is used to specify the path to be searched along with the use of wildcards.

-Pattern

The parameter is used to find the match in each line as a pattern.

-Quiet

This parameter is used to get the output in Boolean values like True or False.

-Raw

It is used to see only matching objects rather than Match info.

-SimpleMatch

The parameter is used to specify a simple match rather than a regular expression match.

Difference between FINDSTR and Select-String

FINDSTR is a pre-PowerShell era executable file that is used to search text and strings in files. Select-String is a PowerShell cmdlet that is used to search for text and patterns in files. When compared to FINDSTR, Select-String is the more powerful and complex cmdlet that displays a lot of info about the match.

What is the PowerShell equivalent of grep?

Select-String is the PowerShell equivalent of grep available on Windows. It functions the same way grep does and it gives detailed info regarding the match according to the parameters we use in the syntax.

Does FINDSTR work on Word files?

Yes, FINDSTR works on Word files. But it cannot show find the matches even if the strings you entered are there in the file. It can give you results in binary files in the .doc formats but not in the .docx formats for some unknown technical reasons.

Related Read: How to check the PowerShell version in Windows.

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