Waagii hore ee xumaa, ka hor inta aan qof walba jeebka ku haysan supercomputer yar, sida kaliya ee dad badan ay ku heli karaan internetka waxay ahayd kafateeriyada internetka. Waad soo bixi kartaa, waxaad bixin doontaa dhowr doolar ka dibna kombuyuutar ayaad heli doontaa waqti go'an.

Maalmahan, isticmaalka kombuyuutarrada dadweynaha ayaa aad ugu yar dunida Galbeedka. Iyadoo aan loo eegin, waxaa jirta fursad wanaagsan, in mar uun, lagugu dhejin doono meel aad u baahan tahay inaad isticmaasho kombuyuutar dadweyne. Ma laga yaabaa in taleefankaagu dhintay ama la xaday? Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad ku sugan tahay waddan kale oo aanad lahayn caymis ama marin WiFi ? Halkaa marka ay marayso in kombayutarka hudheelka ama internetka laga yaabo inuu u ekaado badbaadiye.

Waxa laga yaabo inaadan ogeyn ayaa ah in kombayutarada dad weynaha ay keenaan khatar gaar ah oo muhiim ah. Marka marka wakhtigu yimaado, sidee ayaad u yarayn kartaa khatarta isticmaalka mashiinadan u muuqda kuwa aan waxba galabsan?

Maxay Kombiyuutarrada Dadweynuhu Khatar ugu Yihiin?

Marka hore^(First) , aan caddayno khatarta saxda ah ee kombuyuutarradan. Dhibaatada ugu weyn ee kombiyuutarada dadweynaha waa, si fiican, waa dad^(public) . Aaladahaaga gaarka ah waxaad ku xisaabtami kartaa furaha koodka, ereyada sirta ah iyo sirta adag ee diskka si aad uga hortagto qof kale inuu helo macluumaadkaaga xasaasiga ah.

Kumbiyuutarka dadweynaha wixii macluumaad ah ee aad kaga tagto mishiinka waxa uu sugayaa isticmaalaha xiga in uu ku sameeyo sida uu rabo. Taasi waa dhibaato dhab ah sababtoo ah xisaabinta casriga ah waxaad uga tagaysaa macluumaadka bidix iyo midig sida xuubka dhijitaalka ah. Sida caadiga ah iyada oo aan la ogeyn.

Khatarta kale ee ugu weyn ee mishiinadan waxay ka timaadaa dadka isticmaalay ka hor inta^(before) aanad fadhiisan. Ma aha oo kaliya sababtoo ah jiirka caadiga ah ee dadweynaha iyo kiiboodhka waa halis-bio, inkasta oo taasi tahay arrin kale, laakiin sababtoo ah waxay kaa tegi karaan dhammaan noocyada yaababka xun.

Waxyaalahan la yaabka leh ayaa looga dan leeyahay in siyaabo kala duwan loogaga saaro macluumaadkaaga. Taas oo macnaheedu yahay inaad runtii u isticmaashid kombayutarada dad waynaha sidii xalkii ugu danbeeyay haddii ay xaalad degdeg ah tahay.

Iska hubi wax kasta oo laga shakiyo

Waxa ugu horreeya ee ay tahay inaad samayso waa inaad hubiso inay jiraan wax shaki leh^{(anything suspicious)} oo ku xidhan mishiinka. Hal shay oo caadi ah waa aaladda USB keylogger.

Kani waa aalad USB ah oo dhex fadhida kiiboodhka iyo kombayutarka, waxayna diiwaan gelisaa furaha kasta oo lagu sameeyo mishiinkaas. Mulkiilaha geedaha ayaa soo noqon doona wakhti dambe si uu u tuuro geedaha. Waxay markaa raadin doontaa ciwaannada iimaylka, furayaasha sirta ah iyo lambarrada kaararka deynta.

Haddii aad aragto shay la yaab leh oo ku xidhan kombayutarka oo aanad garanayn, waxa fiican inaad meel kale aaddo.

Hababka Qarsoonnimada Browser waa^{(Browser Privacy Modes Are Your)} asxaabtaada

Haddii aad rabto inaad ka baadho shabakada adoo isticmaalaya browserka laga helay kombiyuutarka, markaa hubaal waa inaad u beddeshaa qaabka qarsoodiga ah^{(privacy mode)} . Tusaale ahaan, gudaha Google Chrome kani waxa lagu magacaabaa qaab qarsoodi^(incognito) ah.

Marka aad ka baadhayso mareegaha daaqad^(Window) gaar ah , browserku si joogto ah uma duubayo mid ka mid ah macluumaadkaaga. Markaad xirto daaqada, dhammaan taariikhdaada wax raadinta, furaha sirta ah, logins iyo macluumaadka kale ee la midka ah ayaa meesha ka baxaya.

Habka asturnaanta^(Privacy) waxba kama qarinayo server-ka wakiilka ama ISP in kastoo. Markaa ha booqan goobaha mamnuuca ah Haddii aad rabto inaad ku qariso dhaqdhaqaaqaaga internetka kombuyuutar dadweyne waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad isticmaasho VPN^{(a VPN)} iyo laga yaabee sidoo kale browserka Tor^{(Tor browser)} . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taasi waa dood ka yara duwan.

Apps la qaadi karo^{(Portable Apps)} & Nidaamyada ^(Systems)Hawlgelinta Tooska ah^{(Live Operating)}

Iyadoo la isticmaalayo habka qarsoodiga ah ee daalacashada dadweynaha waa qayb wanaagsan oo caqli-gal ah oo gaaban, waxaa fiican inaad iska ilaaliso isticmaalka mid ka mid ah software-ka kumbiyuutarka. Xitaa si ka sii wanaagsan, waxaad ka fogaan kartaa isticmaalka nidaamka hawlgalka gabi ahaanba!

Qaybta koowaad ee halxiraalahan waxay ku timaadaa qaab apps la qaadi karo^{(portable apps)} . Kuwani waa codsiyo gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn rakibaad, iskood isku koobaya oo ka socda warbaahin kasta. Markaa waxaad ku shuban kartaa codsiyada la qaadi karo ee flash-ka oo aad ku xidhi kartaa mishiinka dadweynaha.

Marka hore waxaa ka mid ah xirmo ka hortag ah oo la qaadi karo. Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad ku darto browserka la qaadi karo iyo qolka xafiiska la qaadi karo.

Marka ay timaaddo ka boodka nidaamka hawlgalka mashiinka dadweynaha, waxaad isticmaali kartaa software mashiinka farsamada gacanta, oo ku shaqeynaya muuqaal OS nadiif ah oo ah wax la mid ah Linux . Tani waxay faa'iido u leedahay inaan loo baahnayn dib-u-kicin.

Haddii laguu ogolaado, waxa kale oo aad ka bootin kartaa nidaamka hawlgalka tooska^{(boot a live operating system)} ah ee flash-ka ama saxanka indhaha. Hubinta in midna xogtaada khaaska ahi aanay weligeed taaban kaydinta joogtada ah ee mishiinka dadweynaha!

Nadiifi Naftaada Kadib

Dabcan, isticmaalka abka la qaadan karo iyo nidaamyada hawlgalka ee tooska ah waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa ka fikirid. Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad diyaariso flash drive, ku tuur boorsadaada ka dibna aad rajaynayso inaadan waligaa u baahnayn inaad isticmaasho. Haddii aad ku danbeyso xaalad aadan haysan wax ikhtiyaar ah oo aan ahayn inaad isticmaasho mid ka mid ah kumbuyuutarradan adigoon ilaalin habboon, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad sameyso xoogaa shaqo nadiif ah ka dib.

Waa inaad hubisaa in dhammaan taariikhdaada daalacashada iyo dhammaan xogta wax-warshadaynta meesha laga saaray. Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad ku socodsiiso faylka meel bannaan ee shredder mashiinka si aad u hubiso in macluumaadkaaga la tirtiray aan la soo celin karin. Sidoo kale^(Likewise) , iska hubi inaadan waxba kaga tagin qashinka dib u warshadaynta ee kombiyuutarka.

Haddii ay ahayd inaad ka soo gasho adeeg kasta kombayutarka dadweynaha, waa fikrad wanaagsan inaad beddesho furahaaga sirta ah fursadda ugu horreysa. Haddi aanad hore u haysan xaqiijinta laba-geesoodka ah, waa in aad sidoo kale hubisaa in ay shid adeeg kasta oo su'aal ah.

Bayt^(Byte) ka - hortagga ayaa ka ^{(Prevention Is Better Than)}wanaagsan ^(Cure)Gig daawo ah

Waxa laga yaabaa in ay u ekaato wax yar oo laga badbadiyey in tan laga taxadaro badqabka kombayutarka dadweynaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aduunka dambiyada internetka, xatooyada aqoonsiga iyo wax ka sii daran, qaadashada talaabooyinkan yar waxay fure u noqon karaan inay kaa badbaadiyaan aduunka adag ee dambiyada internetka.

Markaa u diyaari flash drive-kaas degdega ah maanta oo iska hubi in aanad waligaa la qabsan marka aad mar hore la tacaalayso dhibaatooyin kugu filan.

How To Use a Public Computer Safely

In the bad old days, before everyonе had a small supercomputer in their pockets, the only way for many people to get internet access was through an internet cafe. You’d show uр, pay а few dollars and then get a computer all to yourself for a set amount of time.

These days, the use of public computers is relatively rare in the Western world. Regardless, there’s a good chance that, at some point, you’ll be put in a position where you need to use a public computer. Maybe your phone is dead or stolen? Maybe you are in another country and have no coverage or WiFi access? At this point that hotel or internet cafe computer might look like a lifesaver.

What you might not know is that public computers pose a significant privacy risk. So when the time comes, how can you minimize the dangers of using these innocuous-looking machines?

Why Are Public Computers a Risk?

First off, let’s clarify the exact risk these computers pose. The main problem with public computers is, well, they’re public. With your own personal devices you can count on pass codes, passwords and strong disk encryption to prevent anyone else from getting your sensitive information.

With a public computer whatever information you leave on the machine is waiting for the next user to do with as they please. That’s a real problem because with modern computing you’re leaving information left and right like digital dandruff. Usually without knowing it.

The other main risk of these machines comes from people who have used it before you sat down. Not just because the typical public mouse and keyboard is a bio-hazard, although that’s another issue, but because they could have left all sorts of nasty surprises for you.

These surprises are aimed at skimming information from you in a variety of ways. Which means you should really only use public computers as a last resort if its an emergency.

Check For Anything Suspicious

The first thing you should do is check whether there’s anything suspicious plugged into the machine. One common item is a USB keylogger device.

This is a USB device that sits between the keyboard and computer, and records every single keystroke made on that machine. The owner of the logger will come back at some later time to dump its logs. It will then search for email addresses, passwords and credit card numbers.

If you see anything weird plugged into the computer that you don’t recognize, it’s best to go elsewhere.

Browser Privacy Modes Are Your Friends

If you’re going to be browsing the web using the browser found on the computer, then you should definitely switch it to privacy mode. For example, in Google Chrome this is called incognito mode.

When you browse the web from a private Window, the browser doesn’t record any of your information permanently. When you close the window, all your browsing history, passwords, logins and other similar information will disappear.

Privacy mode doesn’t hide anything from the proxy server or ISP though. So don’t visit prohibited sites. If you want to hide your internet activity on a public computer you’ll need to use a VPN and perhaps also the Tor browser. However, that’s a slightly different discussion.

Portable Apps & Live Operating Systems

While using privacy mode on public browsers is a good piece of common sense in a pinch, it’s better to avoid using any of the software on that computer at all. Even better, you can avoid using the operating system in its entirety!

The first part of this puzzle comes in the form of portable apps. These are special applications that don’t require installation, are self-contained and run from any media. So you can load up portable applications on a flash drive and plug it into the public machine.

First among these should be a portable antivirus package. You may also want to add a portable browser and portable office suite.

When it comes to skipping out on the public machine’s operating system, you can use portable virtual machine software, running a clean OS image of something like Linux. This has the advantage of not requiring a reboot.

If you are allowed to, you can also boot a live operating system from a flash drive or optical disc. Ensuring that none of your personal information ever touches the public machine’s permanent storage at all!

Clean Up After Yourself

Of course, using portable apps and live operating systems requires some forethought. You need to prep a flash drive, throw it in your bag and then hope you never need to use it. If you do end up in a situation where you had no choice but to use one of these computers without proper protection, you need to do some decontamination work afterwards.

You should make sure your entire browsing history and all browsing data has been removed. You might also want to run a free space file shredder on the machine to make sure your deleted information cannot be recovered. Likewise, make sure you didn’t leave anything in the computer’s recycle bin.

If you had to log into any services from that public computer, it’s a good idea to change your passwords at the first opportunity. If you didn’t already have two-factor authentication, you should also ensure it’s switched on for every service in question.

A Byte Of Prevention Is Better Than a Gig Of Cure

It might seem a little overblown to care this much about public computer safety. However, in a world of cybercrimes, identity theft and worse, taking just these few steps can be the key to keeping you safe from the harsh world of internet crime.

So prep that emergency flash drive today and make sure you’re never caught out when you’re already dealing with enough problems.

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