Awoodda kor loogu qaadayo Ubuntu nooca ugu dambeeyay waxay lahayd faa'iidooyin badan, oo ay ku jiraan adeegsiga softiweerkii ugu dambeeyay iyo helitaanka balastar cusub oo amniga ah.

Kahor intaanad u cusboonaysiin Ubuntu , maskaxda ku hay qodobada soo socda:

• Markaad cusboonaysiiso, habka kaliya ee lagu noqon karo noocii hore waa in dib loo rakibo. Tani waxay la macno tahay inaad lumiso xogtaada jirta.
• Kahor intaadan waxba samayn, kaydi ^{( backup yo)}faylasha ^(u)iyo faylalka^{(r files and folders)} .
• Hubi inaad leedahay xidhiidh ^(Make)internet oo deggan .
• Waxay qaadan doontaa ugu yaraan hal saac iyadoo ku xiran xawaarahaaga internetka .^(Internet)

Maxaad u doonaysaa inaad Ubuntu u dejiso nooc hore?^{(Why Would You Want to Downgrade Ubuntu to a Previous Version?)}

Waxaa jira waqtiyo marka sii deynta cusub ee Ubuntu ay leedahay khaladaad ama cillado koodhka software-ka. Marka qof uu galo khaladaadkan, ha ahaato rakib cusub ama marka la rakibayo laba boot oo ay la socdaan Windows^{(dual boot alongside Windows)} , waxaa laga yaabaa inay rabaan inay hoos u dhigaan nooc hore ilaa kinks laga shaqeeyo.

Waxaad hoos u dhigi kartaa Ubuntu^{( downgrade Ubuntu)} adoo dib u rakibaya sii dayntii hore ee nidaamka hawlgalka. Nasiib darro, ilaa Ubuntu lagu rakibo tusaha ka duwan xogtaada gaarka ah iyo abka, lama keydin doono. 

Tani waa sabab kale oo ay lama huraan u tahay in lagu kaydiyo dhammaan xogtaada dariiqa adag ee dibadda.

Waxaa jira dhowr siyaabood oo kor loogu qaadi karo rakibaadda Ubuntu ee ugu dambeysay. Maqaalkan, waxaan kaga hadli doonaa hababka soo socda:

• Habka garaafka.
• Software Updater Tool ma helo wax cusub
• Isticmaalka Terminal iyo Command line.
• Isticmaal khad kali ah oo talis ah oo leh zzupdate .

U cusboonaysii nooca ugu dambeeyay ee Ubuntu^{(Upgrade to the Latest Version of Ubuntu)}

Ubuntu siideynta ugu dambeysay waa 19.10 waxaana la taageeri doonaa ilaa Luulyo 2020^{(July 2020)} . Waxaad arki kartaa qoraalada siideynta rasmiga ah halkan^{(release notes here)} . Isticmaalayaasha cusub ee Ubuntu waxay soo dejisan karaan Ubuntu 19.10^{( download Ubuntu 19.10)} desktop iyo daabacadaha server oo ay rakibaan karaan.

Kuwa horeba ugu shaqaynayay Ubuntu , marka nooc cusub la soo saaro, casriyaynta ayaa isla markiiba la heli karaa. Soo-bandhiggu wuxuu inta badan ku weydiin doonaa haddii aad rabto inaad u cusboonaysiiso sii-deynta cusub ee Ubuntu .

Haddii aad hadda ku socoto 18.10, way fududahay inaad u cusboonaysiiso 19.04. Haddii aad isticmaalayso nooc duug ah (kahor 18.10), waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad marka hore u cusboonaysiiso nooc kasta oo xiga ka dibna aad u cusboonaysiiso 19.04.

Kordhinta Ubuntu 18.10^{(Upgrade From Ubuntu 18.10)}

Ha iloobin inaad kaydiso faylalkaaga, faylashaada, iyo dejinta ka hor intaanad sii wadin haddii ay wax qaldamaan. 

• Si aad u cusbooneysiiso, fur Software & Cusbooneysii^(Updates) abka.

• Samee jeeg cusbooneysiinta, oo waa inaad aragto in nooca cusub ee Ubuntu uu diyaar u yahay soo dejinta (haddii aad hubineyso taariikhda la sii daayo ka dib).
• Waxaad sidoo kale cusboonaysiin kartaa adigoo isticmaalaya khadka taliska ee hoose:

sudo do-release-upgrade -c

Habka Garaafka^{(The Graphical Method)}

Hab kale oo lagu cusboonaysiiyo Ubuntu waa iyada oo la adeegsanayo qalabka garaafyada ee ku dhex jira desktop-ka caadiga ah ee Ubuntu . Waxa kale oo aad isticmaali kartaa amarrada terminalka.

Siidaynta caadiga ah ee Ubuntu waxay siisaa isticmaalayaasha u cusboonaysiinta sii daynta caadiga ah ee cusub. Taageerada wakhtiga dheer ( LTS ) siidaynta waxay bixisaa oo kaliya casriyeyn lagu sii daayo LTS cusub .

Tusaale waxa u ah isticmaalayaasha 18.04 LTS . Markii Ubuntu 18.10 la soo bandhigay, looma soo bandhigin casriyeynta. Taa bedelkeeda, marka Ubuntu 20.04 LTS la sii daayo, ka dibna bixinta ayaa la bixin doonaa. Dhaqankan waa la bedeli karaa.

• Dhinaca geeska bidix ee sare ee shaashadda, dhagsii badhanka astaanta Ubuntu^{(Ubuntu logo button)} ee GNOME Shell ama badhanka Hawlaha^{(Activities )} ee Midnimada.
• Raadi Cusbooneysii oo^{(Update and )} dhagsii badhanka Software & Cusbooneysii^{(Software & Updates)} .
• Ama waxaad geli kartaa barnaamijka Cusbooneysiinta Software-ka^{(Software Updater)} oo aad furto daaqadda adigoo gujinaya Settings .
• Guji Updates
• Laga soo bilaabo liiska hoos u dhaca ee ku xiga Ogaysii nooca cusub ee Ubuntu^{(Notify me of a new Ubuntu version)} , kala dooro noocyada taageerada muddada-dheer^{(for long-term support versions)} ama nooc kasta oo cusub oo^{(for any new version)} ku saleysan nooca cusboonaysiinta ee aad rabto.
• Marka la sameeyo, dhagsii Close

Sida Loo cusboonaysiiyo Haddi Aaladda Cusbooneysiinta Software-ka Aysan helin Cusbooneysiin^{(How To Upgrade If The Software Updater Tool Doesn’t Find an Update)}

Haddii aadan arkin wax cusboonaysiin ah, waxaad gacanta ku raadin kartaa mid. 

• Ku bilow adigoo riixaya Alt+F2 , ku qor amarka soo socda, oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) .

update-manager -c

• Qalabkani wuxuu hubin doonaa server-yada Ubuntu wuxuuna ogeysiin doonaa isticmaalayaasha haddii nooc cusub la heli karo. Guji ^(Click)badhanka^{(Upgrade )} cusboonaysiinta si aad u hesho nooca cusub ee Ubuntu .
• Haddii aadan arkin fariinta cusboonaysiinta adoo isticmaalaya aalada Software Updater^{(Software Updater)} , taabo Alt+F2 . Geli^(Enter) amarka hoose oo guji Geli^(Enter) .

/usr/lib/ubuntu-release-upgrader/check-new-release-gtk

• Haddii uu jiro nooc cusub oo Ubuntu ah, guji OK .

Kor u qaadida Ubuntu Isticmaalka Terminal & Line Command^{(Upgrade Ubuntu Using Terminal & Command Line)}

Ma isticmaaleysay Ubuntu oo aad rabtay inaad cusboonaysiiso si aad u hesho hagaajintii ugu dambeysay ee dhiqlaha, balastarrada amniga, iyo cusboonaysiinta codsiyada? Way sahlan tahay iyadoo la isticmaalayo khadka taliska. Habka hoos lagu sharaxay wuxuu u shaqeeyaa noocyada Ubuntu 16.04, 18.04, iyo nooc kasta oo kale. 

Waxa kale oo ay u shaqayn doontaa qaybinta Linux^(Linux) -ku salaysan ee Ubuntu sida Linux Lite , Linux Mint , iyo OS hoose.

• Laga bilaabo miiska, fur terminalka. Waxaad ka heli doontaa adiga oo isticmaalaya kiiboodhka gaaban ee Ctrl+Alt+T ama menu-ka. Waxaad heli doontaa terminal haddii aad gasho server-ka Ubuntu .
• Geli amarka soo socda:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

• Nidaamkaaga ayaa marka xigta ku weydiin doona eraygaaga sirta ah. Isticmaal eraygaaga sirta ah ee akoonkaaga Kadibna ku dhufo Gelida^(Enter) . 
• Amarkani wuxuu cusboonaysiin doonaa xogta deegaanka ee xirmooyinka Ubuntu ee la heli karo wuxuuna nidaamkaaga ogeysiin doonaa inay jiraan noocyo cusub. Sida lagu arkay sawirka hoose, ka dib markii la socodsiiyo amarkan, nidaamkaagu wuxuu soo bandhigi doonaa dhowr URLs . Kuwani waxay matalaan wararka la heli karo

• Si aad si gaar ah u aragto baakadaha haysta casriyaynta la heli karo, socodsii amarka soo socda:

apt list –upgradable

• Ku qor haa^(yes) ama y si aad u dooratid baakadaha aad rabto in aad cusboonaysiiso.
• Cusboonaysiinta sudo ku habboon waxay^{(sudo apt update)} hubisaa nidaamkaaga noocyada xirmada cusub ee la heli karo. Sudo apt cusboonaysiinta^{(sudo apt upgrade)} ayaa rakibaysa noocyada aad dooratay.

Isticmaal Khadka Talisyada Keliya oo leh zzupdate^{(Use a Single Command-Line With zzupdate)}

zzupdate waa utility-line utility kaas oo si buuxda u cusboonaysiin doona daabacadaha server iyo desktop Ubuntu . 

• Ku bilow furitaanka Software-ka iyo Cusboonaysiinta^{(Software and Updates)} ka soo-fure arji ee dashboardka Gnome .
• Samee amar hal-line ah adoo isticmaalaya koodka hoose si aad u cusboonaysiiso Ubuntu :

$ curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TurboLabIt/zzupdate/master/setup.sh | sudo sh

Tallaabadani waxay ka booddaa cusboonaysiinta qaybinta iyadoo la cusboonaysiinayo nooc kasta oo duug ah siidaynta ugu dambeysay ee la heli karo. Koodhka isha ee zzupdate ayaa laga heli karaa GitHub^{( available in GitHub)} oo gabi ahaanba waa bilaash in la isticmaalo.

Marka cusboonaysiinta Ubuntu la dhammeeyo, zzupdate waxay si toos ah dib u bilaabi doontaa nidaamkaaga. 

Ha iloobin inaad si buuxda u soo celiso rakibaadaada Ubuntu ee hadda ka hor intaadan isku dayin mid ka mid ah hababka kor ku xusan si aad u cusboonaysiiso.^{(Don’t forget to fully back up your current Ubuntu installation before you attempt any of the above methods to upgrade it.)}

Isticmaalka nooca ugu dambeeyay ee Ubuntu ee la tijaabiyay ayaa u sahlaysa dadka isticmaala inay ka faa'iidaystaan ​​cusboonaysiinta codsiga, kutaanada go'an, iyo cusboonaysiinta amniga iyaga oo aan u baahnayn inay dib u habeeyaan ama dib u rakibaan nidaamkooda.

How To Upgrade To The Latest Ubuntu

The ability to upgrade Ubuntu to the lаteѕt version had many benefits, including using the latest software and gettіng acсess to new security patches.

Before upgrading to Ubuntu, keep the following points in mind:

• Once you upgrade, the only way to revert to a previous version is to reinstall it. This means you might lose your existing data.
• Before doing anything, backup your files and folders.
• Make sure you have a stable Internet connection.
• It will take at least an hour depending upon your Internet speed.

Why Would You Want to Downgrade Ubuntu to a Previous Version?

There are times when a new release of Ubuntu has some errors or bugs in the software code. When someone runs into these errors, either with a fresh installation or when installing a dual boot alongside Windows, they might want to downgrade to a previous version until the kinks are worked out.

You can downgrade Ubuntu by re-installing the previous release of the operating system. Unfortunately, unless Ubuntu is installed in a directory separate from your personal data and apps, they won’t be saved. 

This is another reason it is imperative to back up all your data on an external hard drive.

There are several ways to upgrade to the latest Ubuntu installation. In this article, we will discuss the following methods:

• Graphical method.
• Software Updater Tool doesn’t find an update.
• Using Terminal and Command line.
• Use a Single Command line with zzupdate.

Upgrade to the Latest Version of Ubuntu

Ubuntu’s latest release is 19.10 and will be supported until July 2020. You can view the official release notes here. New Ubuntu users can download Ubuntu 19.10 desktop and server editions and install it.

For those who are already running Ubuntu, when a new version is released, upgrades are immediately available. A popup will often ask you if you want to upgrade to the newest release of Ubuntu.

If you are currently running 18.10, it’s easy to upgrade to 19.04. If you are using an older version (before 18.10), you will need to first upgrade to each subsequent version and then upgrade to 19.04.

Upgrade From Ubuntu 18.10

Don’t forget to make a backup of your folders, files, and settings before proceeding in case something goes wrong. 

• To update, open the Software & Updates app.

• Run a check for updates, and you should see that a new version of Ubuntu is available for download (if you are checking after the release date).
• You can also upgrade using the command line below:

sudo do-release-upgrade -c

The Graphical Method

Another way to upgrade Ubuntu is by using the built-in graphical tools from the standard Ubuntu desktop. You can also use terminal commands.

Standard releases of Ubuntu offer users an upgrade to new standard releases by default. Long-term support (LTS) releases only offer upgrades to new LTS releases.

An example is for those users running 18.04 LTS. When Ubuntu 18.10 was introduced, they weren’t offered the upgrade. Instead, when Ubuntu 20.04 LTS is released, then the offer will be provided. This behavior can be changed.

• On the top left-hand corner of the screen, click the Ubuntu logo button in GNOME Shell or the Activities button in Unity.
• Search for Update and click the Software & Updates shortcut.
• Or you can access the Software Updater application and open the window by clicking Settings.
• Click Updates
• From the dropdown menu next to Notify me of a new Ubuntu version, choose between for long-term support versions or for any new version based on the type of update you want.
• When done, click Close

How To Upgrade If The Software Updater Tool Doesn’t Find an Update

If you don’t see an update, you can manually search for one. 

• Start by pressing Alt+F2, type the following command, and press Enter.

update-manager -c

• This tool will check Ubuntu’s servers and let users know if a new version is available. Click the Upgrade button to get the newer version of Ubuntu.
• If you don’t see the upgrade message using the Software Updater tool, press Alt+F2. Enter the command below and click Enter.

/usr/lib/ubuntu-release-upgrader/check-new-release-gtk

• If there is a new Ubuntu version available, click OK.

Upgrade Ubuntu Using Terminal & Command Line

Have you been using Ubuntu and want to update it to get the latest bug fixes, security patches, and application upgrades? It is relatively straightforward using the command line. The procedure outlined below works for Ubuntu versions 16.04, 18.04, and any other version. 

It will also work for Ubuntu-based Linux distributions such as Linux Lite, Linux Mint, and elementary OS.

• From the desktop, open the terminal. You will find it by using the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T or on the menu. You will have access to a terminal if you are logged in to an Ubuntu server.
• Enter the following command:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

• Your system will next ask for your password. Use your account password. Then hit Enter. 
• This command will update the local database of available Ubuntu packages and let your system know there are new versions. As seen in the screenshot below, after running this command, your system will display several URLs. These represent the available updates.

• To see specifically which packages have an upgrade available, run the following command:

apt list –upgradable

• Type yes or y to select the packages you want to upgrade.
• The sudo apt update checks your system for available new package versions. The sudo apt upgrade installs the versions you select.

Use a Single Command-Line With zzupdate

zzupdate is a command-line utility that will fully update server editions and Ubuntu desktop. 

• Start by opening Software and Updates from an application launcher of the Gnome dashboard.
• Run a single-line command using the code below to upgrade Ubuntu:

$ curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TurboLabIt/zzupdate/master/setup.sh | sudo sh

This step skips the distribution upgrade by upgrading any older version to the latest available stable release. The source code for zzupdate is available in GitHub and is completely free to use.

When your Ubuntu upgrade is completed, zzupdate will automatically reboot your system. 

Don’t forget to fully back up your current Ubuntu installation before you attempt any of the above methods to upgrade it.

Using the latest tested version of Ubuntu enables users to benefit from the application upgrades, fixed bugs, and security updates without having to resort to re-configuring or reinstalling their system.

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