U beddelashada nidaamka hawlgalka kale ama soo dejinta xogta mararka qaarkood waxay la macno tahay inaadan geli karin faylashaada iyo faylalkaaga beddelka ka dib. Tani waa natiijada xaqiiqda ah in koontadaada isticmaaluhu ay lumisay lahaanshaha faylalkaas iyo faylalkaas ama aysan hadda haysan ogolaanshaha loo baahan yahay. Sidoo kale, gelitaanka faylalka ama galalka nidaamka qaarkood ee la ilaaliyo waxay ku lug leedahay mararka qaarkood wax ka beddelka oggolaanshaha ilahaas. Marka aadan akhrin karin ama aadan ka beddeli karin faylalka ama galka diskkaaga, waxay la macno tahay inaad u baahan tahay inaad lahaanshahaaga yeelato ama waxaad u baahan tahay inaad beddesho oggolaanshaha isticmaalahaaga. Maqaalkan waxaad ku baran doontaa sida loo beddelo lahaanshaha faylka ama galka iyo sida loo maareeyo oggolaanshaha gelitaanka iyo wax ka beddelka faylasha iyo faylalka.

FIIRO GAAR AH:^(NOTE:) Hagahan waxa uu khuseeyaa labada Windows 7 iyo Windows 8.1 .

Sida Loo Arkayo Ogolaanshaha Isticmaalaha Jirta^{(Existing User Permissions)} ee Faylka ama Galka^{(A File Or Folder)}

Kahor intaadan bedelin oggolaanshaha faylalka iyo galka, waa inaad marka hore barataa sida loo arko oggolaanshaha hadda ee faylka ama galka.

Marka hore, dooro fayl gaar ah ama gal oo midigta guji ama taabo oo hay. Marka liiska macnaha guud furmo, taabo Properties .

Gudaha Windows 8.1, gudaha File Explorer , waxaad sidoo kale isticmaali kartaa ribbon. Marka hore^(First) , dooro galka aad xiisaynayso, balaadhi Home tab ee ribbon ka oo taabo ama taabo badhanka guryaha ee ku yaal qaybta ^(Properties)Furan^(Open) .

Daaqad leh faylalkaas ama galka alaabtiisa ayaa furmi doona. Tag Amniga^(Security) tab oo waxaad arki kartaa oggolaanshaha loo qoondeeyay isticmaale kasta ama koox kasta. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad doorato isticmaalaha "Madalina Blaga" waxaad arki kartaa liiska oggolaanshaha ee hoose.

Isticmaale kasta waxaa loo qoondeeyay mid ama ka badan oo oggolaanshaha soo socda:

• Xakameyn buuxda^{(Full control)} - waxay ogolaataa akhrinta, qorista, bedelida iyo tirtirka faylka ama faylka la doortay;

• Wax ka beddel^(Modify) - waxay ogolaataa akhrinta, qorista, beddelka laakiin aan tirtirin faylka ama faylka la doortay;

• Akhri oo ful^{(Read & execute)} - waxay ogolaataa daawashada iyo liiska faylalka iyo faylalka hoose iyo sidoo kale fulinta faylalka;

• Liiska gal waxa ku jira^{(List folder contents)} - waxa uu awood u yeelaa daawashada iyo liiska faylalka iyo faylalka hoose;

• Akhri^(Read) - waxay u ogolaataa isticmaaluhu inuu arko waxa ku jira galka oo uu furo faylal iyo fayl-hoosaadyo;

• Qor^(Write) - waxay awood kuu siinaysaa inaad abuurto faylal iyo faylal cusub oo aad wax ka beddesho faylasha jira iyo faylalka hoose;

• Oggolaanshaha gaarka ah^{(Special permission)} - waxaa ku jira ficillo la habeyn karo oo u oggolaanaya habaynta oggolaanshaha sare.

FIIRO GAAR AH:^(NOTE:) Si aad u ogaato wax badan oo ku saabsan ogolaanshaha gaarka ah^{(Special permission)} ka eeg maqaalkan Ogolaanshaha Faylka iyo Galka^{(File and Folder Permissions)} .

Sida Loo Beddelo Ogolaanshaha Faylka ^{(Permissions)}Ama Galka^{(A File Or Folder)}

Hadda, oo aad ogtahay sida loo arko oggolaanshaha jira ee faylka ama gal, waxaad diyaar u tahay inaad barato sida loo beddelo.

Marka hore, fur daaqadda guryaha^(Properties) , sida hore u muuqata oo taabo badhanka Edit ee laga helay tab Security .

Hadda waxaad arki doontaa liis ay ku jiraan dhammaan kooxaha isticmaalaha iyo xisaabaadka isticmaalaha ee ku jira kombayutarkaaga, oo ay la socoto liis ogolaanshaha mid kasta. Haddii aadan ka heli karin akoon isticmaale gaar ah ama kooxda isticmaalaha liiska, taabo Ku dar^(Add) .

Badhanka saar^(Remove) wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad ka tirtirto akoon isticmaale ama koox isticmaale liiska oggolaanshaha.

Qaybtan hagaha aan ka soo qaadno inaad rabto inaad fasax siiso isticmaale cusub. Riix Add si aad u sii waddo.

Daaqada Xulashada Isticmaalayaasha ama Kooxaha^{(Select Users or Groups)} ayaa furmaya. Ku qor magaca isticmaalaha ama kooxda isticmaale ee lagu dari doono si aad ogolaansho ugu hesho gal la doortay. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad rabto inaad ku darto kooxda maamulayaasha^{(Administrators)} , ku qor "Administrators" gudaha "Enter the object names to select" field "Enter the object names to select"kadibna riix batoonka Hubinta Magacyada^{(Check Names)} .

Waxaan ku talinaynaa, si kastaba ha ahaatee, hab kale oo lagu xusho isticmaalayaasha ama kooxaha. Riix badhanka Sare si aad u sii wadato.^(Advanced)

Halkan waxa aad ku leedahay laba goobood oo aad ka bedeli karto xulashada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tan looma baahna maadaama khaladaadku ay fiican yihiin oo ay ku jiraan dhammaan xulashooyinka suurtagalka ah.

Meesha Xulashada shaygan^{(Select this object type)} waxa ay tusinaysaa nooca shay ee la raadin doono. Haddii aad gujiso Noocyada Walaxda^{(Object Types)} waxaad awoodi doontaa inaad kala doorato isticmaale, koox ama maamulayaal amniga ku dhex jira. Sida caadiga ah, dhammaan waa la doortay, markaa looma baahna in wax laga beddelo.

Goobta laga soo bilaabo goobtan^{(From this location)} waxay muujinaysaa halka walxaha laga raadin doono. Sida caadiga ah, waxaa laga baadhi doona kombiyuutarkaaga. Taasi waa sababta aadan u baahnayn inaad wax ka bedesho halkan sidoo kale. Haddii aad qayb ka tahay aagga shabakada, haddii aad gujiso ama taabto Goobaha^(Locations) waxaad awoodi doontaa inaad doorato goobo kale.

Maadaama aysan jirin wax isbeddel ah oo aad u baahan tahay inaad sameyso, taabo badhanka Find Now si aad u muujiso liiska dhammaan isticmaalayaasha iyo kooxaha. Tani waxay baari doontaa oo soo celin doontaa dhammaan isticmaalayaasha iyo kooxaha lagu qeexay kumbuyuutarkaaga.

Ka dooro liiska koontada isticmaale ee aad rabto ama kooxda isticmaalaha oo guji ama taabo OK .

Taabo OK markale si aad u dhamaystirto hawsha

Isticmaalaha cusub ayaa lagu daray liiska. Dooro oo, qaybta oggolaanshaha^(Permission) , hubi xuquuqda aad rabto inaad bixiso. Guji^(Click) ama taabo OK si aad u dhamaystirto falka

Sida Loo Lahaansho ^(Ownership)Fayl ama Folder gudaha^{(A File Or Folder)} Windows 8.1^{(Windows 8.1)}

Haddii aad rabto inaad beddesho milkiilaha faylka ama gal, mar labaad, fur daaqadda guryaha oo taabo badhanka ^(Properties)Advanced ee laga helay tab Security .

Daaqadda Settings Security Advanced^{(Advanced Security Settings)} ayaa furmi doonta, halkaas oo aad ka arki karto milkiilaha faylka ama faylka la doortay.

Gudaha Windows 8.1 , milkiilaha waxaa lagu muujiyay meesha sare ee daaqadda. Riix Beddel^(Change) si aad u bedesho koontada isticmaale ee loo dejiyay sidii mulkiilaha.

Hadda, daaqadda Xulashada Isticmaalaha Kooxda^{(Select User of Group)} ayaa furmi doonta. Dooro isticmaale sida ku cad qaybta hore oo tabo OK^(OK) si aad u dhamaystirto hawsha.

Hadda, mulkiiluhu wuu beddelay. Ugu dambeyntii, calaamadee "Beddel mulkiilaha konteenarada hoosaadka iyo walxaha"^{("Replace owner on subcontainers and objects")} doorashada oo tabo OK^(OK) si aad u dhamaystirto hawsha.

Sida loo Lahaansho^(Ownership) Fayl ama Folder gudaha^{(A File Or Folder)} Windows 7^{(Windows 7)}

Marka hore, fur daaqadda guryaha oo taabo badhanka ^(Properties)sare^(Advanced) ee laga helay tab Security .

Kadib marka uu furmo daaqada Advanced Security Settings , waxaad aadi kartaa ^{(Advanced Security Settings)}tabka^(Owner) mulkiilaha oo waxaad arki doontaa milkiilaha galka la doortay. Guji badhanka^(Edit) wax ka beddel si aad u bedesho milkiilaha.

Marka xigta, riix isticmaalayaasha kale ama kooxaha^{(Other users or groups)} .

Hadda, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad doorato magaca isticmaalaha ama kooxda isticmaalaha ee qaadan doona lahaanshaha faylka ama faylka la doortay. Ku dar isticmaalaha ama kooxda aad rabto sida ku cad qaybihii hore.

Kadib, daaqada Mulkiilaha^(Owner) ayaa furmi doonta. Dooro isticmaaleha lagu daray, calaamadee "Beddel mulkiilaha kontayneerada hoosaadka iyo walxaha" dooro ^{("Replace owner on subcontainers and objects")}oo tabo ^{( option and press )}OK .

Farriinta xaqiijinta ayaa la soo bandhigay Guji OK oo waad dhammaysay.

Ku laabo daaqada Advanced Security Settings halkaas oo aad ogaan doonto in mulkiilaha la bedelay. Tusaalahayaga, mulkiilaha cusub ee galku waa isticmaalaha martida^(Guest) . Guji OK hal mar oo kale

Gabagabo

Sida aad ka arki karto hagahan, bedelida ogolaanshaha iyo lahaanshaha faylalka ma aha mid adag. Nidaamyada lagu wadaago maqaalkan ayaa runtii caawin kara xaaladaha marka faylashaada aan la heli karin. Haddii aad la kulanto dhibaatooyin raacaya hagahayaga ama haddii aad hayso su'aalo dheeraad ah, ha ka waaban inaad nagula wadaagto faallooyinka hoose.

How To Take Ownership And Change Permissions Of Files And Folders

Switching to another operating system or impоrting data sometimes means yoυ can't aсcess your files and folders after the switch. This is result of the fact that your user account has lost ownership of those files аnd folders or it no longer has thе required permissions. Also, accessing certaіn sуstem protected files or foldеrs involves sometimes modifying the permissions for those resourceѕ. When yoυ cannot read or change files or folders from your disk, it means thаt either you need to take ownership of them or you need to chаnge your user's permissions. In this article yoυ will leаrn how to сhange ownership of a file оr folder and hоw to mаnagе permissiоns for accessing and modifying files and folders.

NOTE:This guide applies to both Windows 7 and Windows 8.1.

How To View The Existing User Permissions For A File Or Folder

Before changing permission of files and folder, you should first learn how to view the current permission for a file or a folder.

First, choose a certain file or a folder and right click or press and hold on it. When the contextual menu will open, press Properties.

In Windows 8.1, in File Explorer, you can also use the ribbon. First, select the folder you are interested in, expand the Home tab on the ribbon and click or tap the Properties button found in the Open section.

A window with that file's or folder's properties will open. Go to the Security tab and you can view the permissions assigned to each user or group. For example, if you select the user "Madalina Blaga" you can view the list of permissions below.

Each user is assigned one or more of the following permissions:

• Full control - allows reading, writing, changing and deleting of the selected file or folder;

• Modify - allows reading, writing, changing but not deleting of the selected file or folder;

• Read & execute - permits viewing and listing of files and subfolders as well as execution of files;

• List folder contents - enables viewing and listing of files and subfolders;

• Read - allows the user to see the contents of a folder and open files and subfolders;

• Write - enables you to create new files and folders and make changes to existing files and subfolders;

• Special permission - contains a set of configurable actions that allow for configuring advanced permissions.

NOTE:To learn more about Special permission check out this article on File and Folder Permissions.

How To Change Permissions For A File Or Folder

Now, that you know how to view the existing permissions for a file or folder, you are ready to learn how to change them.

First, open the Properties window, as shown earlier and press the Edit button found in the Security tab.

You will now see a list with all the user groups and user accounts that exist on your computer, together with a list of permissions for each. If you can't find a certain user account or user group in the list, press Add.

The Remove button allows you to delete a user account or a user group from the permissions list.

For this part of the guide let's assume that you want to give permissions to a new user. Press Add to proceed.

The Select Users or Groups window opens. Type the user name or the user group that will be added in order to have permissions for the selected folder. For example, if you want to add the Administrators group, type "Administrators" in the "Enter the object names to select" field and then press the Check Names button.

We recommend, however, another method to select users or groups. Press the Advanced button to continue.

Here you have two fields where you can change selections. However, this is not required as the defaults are just fine and include all possible options.

The Select this object type field shows what kind of objects will be searched for. If you click on Object Types you will be able to select between user, group or built-in security principals. By default, all are selected, so there is no need to modify anything.

The From this location field shows where the objects will be searched for. By default, they will be searched on your computer. That's why you won't need to change anything here either. If you are part of a network domain, if you click or tap Locations you will be able to select other locations.

Since there is no change you need to make, press the Find Now button to display a list of all the users and groups. This will search and return all users and groups defined on your computer.

Select from the list the desired user account or user group and click or tap OK.

Press OK again to complete the action.

The new user has been added to the list. Select it and, in the Permission section, check the rights that you want to grant. Click or tap OK to complete the action.

How To Take Ownership Of A File Or Folder In Windows 8.1

If you want to change the owner of a file or folder, again, open the Properties window and press the Advanced button found in the Security tab.

The Advanced Security Settings window will open, where you can view the current owner of the selected file or folder.

In Windows 8.1, the owner is shown at the top of the window. Press Change to change the user account that is set as the owner.

Now, the Select User of Group window will open. Select a user as shown in the previous section and press OK to complete the action.

Now, the owner has changed. Lastly, check "Replace owner on subcontainers and objects" option and press OK to complete the action.

How To Take Ownership Of A File Or Folder In Windows 7

First, open the Properties window and press the Advanced button found in the Security tab.

After the Advanced Security Settings window opens, go to the Owner tab and you will see the current owner of the selected folder. Click the Edit button to change the owner.

Next, press Other users or groups.

Now, you need to select the user name or the user group that will take ownership of the selected file or folder. Add the desired user or group as shown in previous sections.

Then, the Owner window will open. Select the added user, check the "Replace owner on subcontainers and objects" option and press OK.

A confirmation message is displayed. Click OK and you are done.

Go back to the Advanced Security Settings window where you will notice the owner was changed. In our example, the new owner of the folder is the Guest user. Click OK one more time.

Conclusion

As you can see from this guide, changing permission and ownership of the files is not that hard. The procedures shared in this article can be really helpful in situations when your files cannot be accessed. If encounter problems following our guide or if you have additional questions, don't hesitate to share them with us in the comments below.

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