Markaa waxaad maqashay inaad dhisi karto PC, laakiin ma haysatid wax fikrad ah sida loo sameeyo, haddii ay tahay inaad sameyso iyo waxa (macnaha) ku jira abuuritaanka kumbuyuutarkaaga. Akhbaarta wanaagsan ayaa ah in dhisida kombuyuutarkaaga ay tahay mid aad u fudud oo aad u faa'iido leh, laakiin maaha mid loogu talagalay qof kasta.

Marka la eego mala-awaalka ah inaadan waligaa kombuyuutar u dhisin, waxaanu mawduucan miisaanka culus ugu soo dhowaan doonaa sida ugu macquulsan.

Desktop Mise Laptop?^{(Desktop Or Laptop?)}

Haddaadan ogayn, adduunka kombuyuutarrada waxa la wareegaya laptops. Racfaanku gabi ahaanba waa la fahmi karaa Waxaan hadda ku noolnahay nolol mobaylo badan oo si fudud u iibsanaya kumbiyuutar dhammaystiran, kombuyuutar la qaadi karo oo ku jira baakidh keliya ayaa ah habka ugu fudud ee aad si fudud noloshaada ula qabsan karto oo aad u heli karto xoogaa shaqo ah.

Miyaad door bidaysaa inaad iibsato laptop halkii aad ka dhisi lahayd kombuyuutar desktop ah? Si daacad ah loo hadlo, haddii aad iibsato laptop-ka dhexe ee wanaagsan, isticmaaleyaasha badankoodu waxay si fiican ugu faraxsanaan doonaan laptop-ka casriga ah. Xitaa kombiyuutaro badan oo ku jihaysan miisaaniyada ayaa leh wax qabad ka badan oo ku filan kaydka shaqada xafiiska, baadhista shabakada iyo ciyaarista cinwaanada ciyaarta fiidyaha ee caadiga ah. Waa mid ka mid ah sababaha dadka qaar ay xitaa u daadiyaan laptops-ka tablet-ka. Xisaabinta ujeedada guud^(General) ma qaadanayso nooc ka mid ah kombuyuutar khaas ah hadda. 

Kumbuyuutarrada waxqabadka sare leh ayaa weli ah qaybta mashiinnada miiska, gaar ahaan maadaama laptop-yada waxqabadka sarreeya ay aad qaali u yihiin oo ay la socdaan tanaasulaadyo badan. Dadka intooda badan markaa, Laptop-ku aad buu u fiicnaan doonaa. 

Taas marka la yiraahdo, waxaa jira sababo wanaagsan oo ku-talagal ah oo lagu dhisayo PC. Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan:

• Guud ahaan wuu ka qaalisan yahay laptop-ka sifooyin la mid ah.
• Kumbuyuutarrada qaarkood, sida server-yada warbaahinta guriga ama kombiyuutarada la wadaago ayaan u baahnayn qaadis.
• Hadda waxaad dhisi kartaa kombuyuutar aasaasi ah oo balaadhin kara hadhow.
• Waad beddeli kartaa oo aad cusboonaysiin kartaa hal qaybood oo keliya waqti ka dib, si aad u kordhiso nolosha kombiyuutarka ama u hagaajiso.
• Waxaad u habayn kartaa kombiyuutarka si sax ah baahidaada.

Haddii taasi ay tahay liiska sababaha kuu soo jiidanaya, dabadeed isu diyaari safarka sahaminta marka aynu hoos ugu dhaadhacno ganacsiga dhisidda kumbuyuutarka.

Bilawga: Go'aaminta Aragtidaada^{(In the Beginning: Deciding on Your Vision)}

Kumbuyuutarku waxay ku yimaadaan qaabab iyo cabbir kasta, taasina waa in lagu go'aamiyaa ujeedada aad u malaynayso kombiyuutarkaaga. 

• Ma doonaysaa mishiin xafiis oo ku shaqayn doona codsiyada sida Word oo samayn doona wax baadh shabakad ah? 
• Ma^(Are) waxaad u isticmaali doontaa PC-gaaga nooc ka mid ah shaqada warbaahinta, sida tafatirka muuqaal ama maqal? 
• Ma laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad dhisto kombuyuutar warbaahineed oo ku xidhan TV-gaaga, oo ku ag yaal console-kaaga iyo qaataha AV?

Wax kasta oo aad rabto inaad ku samayso kumbuyuutarkaaga mustaqbalka waxay saamayn ku yeelan doonaan qaybaha aad doorato iyo sida miisaaniyadaada loo qoondeeyay. Markaa ka hor inta aanad gaadhin wax go'aan ah oo u baahan ballan-qaad dhaqaale, qaado wakhti aad kaga fikirto shaqada uu kombayutarkan doonayo inuu qabto. 

Maskaxda^(Bear) ku hay in hagahan loogu talagalay isticmaalayaasha raba inay dhisaan kombiyuutaro ujeedo-guud ah, laakiin waxaad bedeli kartaa talada gundhigga si ay ugu habboonaato baahiyahaaga. Haddii aad si gaar ah u raadinayso hagaha si aad u dhisto PC-ga ciyaaraha fudfudud, naftaada u roonow oo eeg hagahayaga khaaska ah ee ciyaartoyda^{(specialized guide for gamers)} .

Dejinta Miisaaniyadaada^{(Setting Your Budget)}

Tani waxay suurtogal tahay inay tahay qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee habka dhismaha PC. Wadarta xadiga lacagta ah ee aad ku bixinayso dhismaha kombayutarkaga waa wax walba^(everything) . Waxay go'aaminaysaa heerka guud ee waxqabadka aad awoodid, inta allabaryo ee aad u baahan tahay inaad samayso iyo haddii ay tahay inaad ku tiirsanaato qaybaha la isticmaalo xaaladaha qaarkood. 

Marka hore go'aanso miisaaniyadaada^{(Decide on your budget first)} ka dibna u qoondee qaybo kala duwan iyadoo loo eegayo mudnaantaada. Waxaan uga hadli doonaa go'aannada miisaaniyadeed ee macquulka ah iyadoo qayb kasta si gaar ah u leedahay.

Isticmaalka Qalabka Qorsheynta ee PC-ga^{(Using a PC Build Planning Tool)}

Waad ku mahadsan tahay, hadda waxaa jira qalab online ah oo aad u yar oo aad "ku dhisi karto" kumbuyuutarkaaga warqad oo aad hubiso in dhammaan qaybaha ay wada shaqeyn doonaan. 

Lacagteena , PC Part Picker waa doorashada hore. Isticmaalka qalabkan waxaad ku ciyaari kartaa hareerahaaga dhismahaaga, hubi in qaybahaagu ay dhab ahaantii wada shaqayn doonaan oo ay heli doonaan qiimaha ugu fiican qayb kasta. 

Sidoo kale waa hab fiican oo aad ku tusi karto dhismahaaga saaxiibka kaa caawin kara inaad samayso go'aamo wanaagsan. Dhab ahaantii, nidaamka tusaalaha ee hagahan, waxaanu isticmaali doonaa miisaaniyadooda dhismaha xafiiska guriga^{(budget home office build)} .

Liiska Iibka: Daabacaadda Qayb Kasta^{(The Shopping List: Every Component Edition)}

Hadda waxaad haysataa fikrad wanaagsan nooca nidaamka aad rabto inaad dhisto, oo aad haysato qalab kaa caawinaya inaad habayso qaybaha ka hor intaadan iibsan oo bilaabin isku-ururinta. Hadda waa inaan si dhab ah u dooranaa qaybaha uu kombuyuutarku ka koobnaan doono. 

Waxaan u mari doonaa iyaga si macquul ah waxaanan ka wada hadli doonaa tixgelinta muhiimka ah ee baahiyaha kala duwan ee laga yaabo inaad qabto. Qaybta la soo jeediyay ee qayb kasta waxa laga soo qaatay dhismaha Qaybta Picker-^{(PC Part Picker)} ka ee kor ku xusan.

Dacwada^{(The Case)}

Kiisku (mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan chassis) waa qaab-dhismeedka jidheed ee kombiyuutarkaaga. Dhammaan qaybaha qalabku waxay ku rakiban yihiin shaygan dhexdiisa. Maxaynu kiiska uga bilaabaynaa? Waxaan u maleyneynaa inay jiraan dhowr sababood oo wanaagsan oo aad ku dooran karto kiis ka hor intaadan wax kale dooran.

Marka hore^(First) , waxaad u baahan tahay inaad soo qaadato kiis cabbir iyo qaab sax ah u ah baahiyahaaga. Uma baahnid kiis munaarad buuxa ah oo lulaya oo kaliya si aad u noqoto adeegaha warbaahinta ama mishiinka xafiiska. Sidoo kale ma rabto kiis aan xamili karin balaadhinta mustaqbalka waxaad u badan tahay inaad u baahato.

Kiisaska waxay ku yimaadaan heerar kala duwan, kuwaas oo tilmaamaya nooca Motherboard-yada ay ku habboon yihiin. Waxaan kuu sharixi doonaa waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka ogaato Motherboard-yada xiga, laakiin kombuyutarka PC-ga ee la siiyay ayaa taageeri doona cabbirada Motherboard-ka gaarka ah. Saddexda aad u badan tahay inaad la kulanto (laga bilaabo kan ugu weyn ilaa kan ugu yar) waa ATX , Micro ATX iyo Mini ITX . Waxaa jira kala duwanaansho kale oo ku saabsan heerarkan cabbirka, laakiin maaha kuwo khuseeya isticmaalayaasha guryaha caadiga ah.

Kiisaska loogu talagalay in lagu xareeyo Motherboard- yada ATX^(ATX) ayaa guud ahaan ka weyn kuwa loogu talagalay in lagu hayo heerarka yaryar. Tani maaha inay run noqoto, laakiin waa xeer wanaagsan oo suulka. Mararka qaarkood kiisaska ATX waxay sidoo kale yeelan doonaan dhibco kor u kaca heerarka guddiga yar yar, in kasta oo aysan jirin sabab badan oo lagu dhejiyo Motherboard yar kiis weyn.

Marka la eego fasalada cabbirka kiisaska dhabta ah, qaabka ugu caansan ee lagu dhiso kombuyuutarku waa kiis dhexe ee munaaradda, sida kan.

Nidaamyada Mini ITX^{(Mini ITX)} sidoo kale waa caan, gaar ahaan maadaama aad iibsan karto mid qaada kaararka ballaarinta oo buuxa oo leh qaboojin weyn.

Waxaa jira tixgelinno badan marka la dooranayo kiis, laakiin waxaan u karkarinnay kuwa soo socda:

• Kiisaska liiska kooban ee ku habboon booska aad haysato oo si fiican ugu eegi doona deegaankaas gaarka ah.
• Hubi^(Make) in kiisku leeyahay meelo baabuur oo ku filan iyo meelo balaadhin ah si ay u daboolaan baahiyahaaga mustaqbalka iyo mustaqbalkaba.
• Astaamaha ay ka midka yihiin nakhshad aan qalab lahayn iyo meelaha wadista ee modular waa sifo fiican, laakiin lama huraan ah.

Talada ugu dambeysa ee aan kuu hayno marka ay timaado kiisaska PC, waa inaad iska ilaaliso kiisaska la socda koronto. Wax yar ka dib maqaalka ayaan wax kaga qaban doonaa saadka korantada, laakiin waxaa haboon in halkan lagu xuso. Way fiicantahay inaad si gaar ah u soo iibsatid sahayda korontada si ay ugu haboonaato baahiyahaaga iyo kuwa ku jira kiisaska inta badan maaha maalgelin liidata.

Kiiska la soo jeediyay halkan waa Thermaltake Versa H15 .

Motherboard-ka^{(The Motherboard)}

Motherboard-ku waa qeybta isku xirta dhammaan qeybaha kale ee kumbiyuutarkaaga. Mar haddii aad horeba u dooratay kiis sare, shaandhada ugu horraysa ee ugu weyn marka aad soo yaraynaysaan xulashada Motherboard-ka waa nooca Motherboard-ka nooca aad dooratay uu qaadi karo.

Marka xigta waxaan rabnaa inaan eegno nooca CPU ee Motherboard-ka uu taageeri doono, maalmahan waxaa la kala dooranayaa Motherboard-yada qaata AMD CPUs iyo kuwa Intel la shaqeeya . Waqtiga qorista, AMD waxay bixisaa waxqabadka ugu fiican halkii dollarba waxayna^{(and )} ku xujaynaysaa Intel^(Intel) taajka waxqabadka tooska ah.

Inta badan qaybaha waxqabadka muhiimka ah ee ku jiri jiray Motherboard-ka ayaa hadda ku jira CPU -ga laftiisa, sidaa darteed go'aanada ugu muhiimsan ee aad u baahan tahay inaad sameyso waxay ku xiran tahay inta uu boodhka ku balaadhinayo. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, imisa dekedood oo USB ah ayay leedahay? Waa maxay noocyada ay yihiin? Immisa boosas balaadhinta PCI Express ayaa jira? Dooro Motherboard-ka:

• Ku habboon kiiska aad dooratay
• Waxay taageertaa CPU-yada^(CPUs) sida ugu dambeysay ee aad awoodid
• Leh^(Has) balaadhin kugu filan si uu kaaga tago waddo casriyeyneed

Xisaabinta ujeeddooyinka guud (iyo xitaa hawlaha ugu sarreeya, sida ciyaaraha) ma jiraan farqi muhiim ah oo u dhexeeya waxqabadka ka jaban iyo kuwa qaaliga ah ee Motherboard-yada.

Uma baahnid inaad lacag ku kharash garayso sifooyinka la xidhiidha saacadaha xad dhaafka ah, iftiinka quruxda badan ama mid ka mid ah sifooyinkaas qurxinta. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad wax yar ku bixiso si aad uhesho Motherboard leh PCB dhumuc weyn (loox wareeg ah oo daabacan), capacitors adag iyo wejiyo koronto oo dheeraad ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dheelitirnaanta, Motherboard kasta oo ka socda calaamad wanaagsan ayaa sameyn doona.

Motherboard-ka halkan lagu soo jeediyay waa ASRock B450M-HDV R4.0 .

CPU-da^{(The CPU)}

CPU - gu waa maskaxda ugu weyn ee kombiyuutarkaaga iyo qaybta waxqabadka muhiimka ah. CPUs-yada^(CPUs) casriga ahi waa multi-core, taas oo macnaheedu yahay inay dhab ahaantii ka kooban yihiin CPU-yo^(CPUs) badan oo mid ah. Quad-core CPUs hadda waxaa loo arkaa heerka caadiga ah ee xisaabinta guud. Miisaaniyadaadu waxay xitaa ogolaan kartaa lix ama sideed-core CPU . Gaar ahaan haddii aad dooratay inaad raacdo AMD's Ryzen CPUs- kii ugu dambeeyay .

Xawaaraha saacada (oo lagu qiyaaso Ghz ) maaha wax walba oo muhiim ah maalmahan, maadaama xitaa heerka gelitaanka Quad-core CPUs ay si firfircoon kor ugu qaadi karaan xawaarahooda si ay ula jaan qaadaan hawsha gacanta ku haysa. Kaliya^(Just) iska hubi in aad dooratay CPU ku jira liiska hooyada aad dooratay ee ay taageerto. CPU -gaagu waa inuu sidoo kale la yimaadaa qaboojiye kayd ah, kaas oo si fiican ugu fiicnaan doona dadka badankiisa.

CPU-da la soo jeediyay halkan waa AMD Ryzen 3 2200G Quad Core .

Xusuusta^(Memory)

RAM- Random Access Memory , waa meesha kaydinta xawaaraha sare leh ee CPU -gaagu si toos ah u galo. Lahaanshaha RAM badan waxay la macno tahay in CPU -gu aanu sugin kaydinta gaabiska si uu u qabsado. Laakiin intee in le'eg ayay tahay inaad haysato? 

Maalmahan waxa ugu yari waa 8GB ee RAM . iyada oo aan loo eegin waxa aad u isticmaasho kombiyuutarkaaga. Taasi waxay noqon doontaa mid hoose sida aad rabto inaad gooyso. 16GB si kastaba ha ahaatee waa qadarka guud ee la hiigsanayo. Nidaamyada hawlgalka casriga^(Modern) ahi aad ayey ugu wanagsan yihiin isticmaalka xusuusta aan shaqayn si loo dedejiyo nidaamka, si aanad midna u khasaarin.

Waa maxay xusuusta ay tahay inaad hesho marka aad dhiseyso PC? Haddii kala duwanaanshiyaha qiimaha uusan weyneyn, waxaa habboon in la iibsado xusuusta ugu dhaqsiyaha badan ee Motherboard-ka aad dooratay ay taageerto. Motherboard-kaagu wuxuu taageeri doonaa qaybo xusuusta oo kala duwan wuxuuna sidoo kale yeelan doonaa tiro go'an oo boosas ah oo lagu dhejiyo. Motherboard-yada intooda badan waxay adeegsadaan qaabeynta xusuusta "dual channel", taas oo macnaheedu yahay in modules-ku ay laba-labo u shaqeeyaan si ay u horumariyaan waxqabadka. 

Waxa kale oo jira jaangooyooyin saddex-iyo-quad-kanaal ah, halkaas oo aad u baahan tahay inaad ku rakibto modules xusuusta saddex iyo afar siday u kala horreeyaan. Way fiicantahay in dhammaan qaybaha xusuustaadu noqdaan isku nooc, awood iyo nooc si loo hubiyo in ay si habsami leh u shaqeeyaan. Ugu yaraan cutub kasta oo la mid ah waa in ay isku mid ahaadaan.

Waxaad ku^{(can )} wadi kartaa hal module kombuyutarkaaga si aad lacag ugu badbaadiso qiimaha waxqabadka qaarkood. Tani waxay macno badan samaynaysaa marka aad Motherboard-kaaga ku haysato laba boos oo keliya, sababtoo ah waxaad markaasi dib u laban laabaysaa awoodda xusuustaada adigoo ku daraya module kale booska furan. 

Xusuusta la soo jeediyay halkan waa xirmadan 8GB ee Patriot Viper dual-channel^{(8GB Patriot Viper dual-channel kit)} .

Kaydinta Gudaha^{(Internal Storage)}

Kaydinta gudeedku^(Internal) waxa ay qeexaysaa wadiiqooyinka haya nidaamkaaga hawlgalka, codsiyada iyo xogta soo noqnoqda. Caadiga ah maalmahan waa in la isticmaalo SSD ama darawal adag. Aad ayey uga dhaqso badan yihiin oo uga adag yihiin darawallada makaanikada waxayna siiyaan xitaa kombuyuutarrada dhexdhexaadka ah kor u qaadista waxqabadka ballaaran. 

Iyagu sidoo kale hadda aad bay u jaban yihiin, markaa hel SSD sida wadistaada ugu weyn, haddii aad u baahan tahay kaydinta tirada badan, ku dar darawal makaanik ah oo jaban sidii dugsigaaga labaad. Tusaale ahaan, waxaad heli kartaa 500GB wadista weyn ka dibna aad ku dari karto 4TB wado makaanik ah oo u wanaagsan labada adduun.

Kaydinta gudaha ee la soo jeediyay ee dhismahan gaarka ah waa TEAMGROUP GX2 512GB 2.5 inch SATA III Internal Solid State Drive SSD .

GPU-da^{(The GPU)}

GPU - gu waa processor-ka u go'an oo qabta sawirada quruxda badan ee aad ku aragto shaashadda. Waxaad iibsan kartaa CPU leh GPU isku dhafan , oo sidoo kale la wadaaga isla barkada RAM . Haddii aadan u baahnayn inaad isticmaasho codsiyada isticmaala sawirada 3D ee faahfaahsan oo aad rabto inaad sameyso shaqo guud oo laga yaabo inaad daawato qaar ka mid ah Netflix , GPU^(GPUs) -yada isku dhafan ee aad helayso maalmahan waa kuwo aad u wanaagsan. Gaar ahaan AMD CPUs .

Haddii aad u baahan tahay awoodda kaadhka GPU -da ee go'an , ka dib fiiri hagahayaga faahfaahsan^{(detailed guide)} ee mawduuca.

Tan iyo markii dhismihii aan ka soo jiidnay PC Part Picker^{(PC Part Picker)} uu isticmaalo GPU -ga ku dhex-jira CPU -ga , halkan ma jirto qayb gooni ah.

Qalabka Korontada^{(The Power Supply)}

Qeybta ugu dambeysa ee ay tahay inaad go'aan ka gaarto waa korontada. Waa maxay sababtu? Sababtoo ah qaybtani waxay u baahan tahay inay lahaato casiir ku filan si ay u awooddo wax walba si badbaado leh, oo leh dusha sare ee ku filan. 

Sida ugu fudud ee tan loo samayn karo waa adiga oo isticmaalaya xisaabiyaha korontada^{(power supply calculator)} ka dibna iibsada koronto tayo fiican leh oo u dhigma ama ka badan inta lagu taliyey ee korontada. Gaar ahaan haddii aad rabto inaad ku darto qaybo mustaqbalka adigoon bedelin tamarta korontada.

Dhisidda: Waan Jeclahay Marka Qorshe La Wadaago^{(The Build: I Love it When a Plan Comes Together)}

Hadda oo aan haysano dhammaan qaybahayagii, halkan waa sida loo isku daro.

Marka hore, ku rakib qaboojiyeha CPU iyo CPU sida ku cad tilmaamaha soo saaraha, gudaha Motherboard-ka. Waa inaad sidoo kale ku rakibtaa modules RAM meeshan. Haddii Motherboard-ku uu taageerayo M.2 SSDs , oo isna si toos ah ugu xidha Motherboard-ka, waa inaad sidoo kale hadda ku xidhaa, ka hor inta aanu Motherboard-ku kiiska gelin.

Ku rakib sahayda korantada kiiska, waa inay qaadato dhawr boolal oo keliya si loo sugo. Tani waa halka ay korontadu tagto.

Hadda waa inaad haysataa kiis iyo koronto oo dhinac ah iyo Motherboard ka kooban qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee kale.

Hadda oo dhammaan qaybahan ay ku jiraan Motherboard-ka, waxaan ku dhejin karnaa kiiska. Marka hore^(First) , ku xidh godadka Motherboard-ka ee ku jira, si waafaqsan godadka u dhigma ee Motherboard-kaaga.

Markaa waxa kaliya ee aad u baahan tahay inaad samayso waa inaad ku xidho gaashaanka IO ee la socday Motherboard-ka kiiskii. Ka dibna la safka dekedaha IO. Hadda ku xidh godadka iskoolada ee Motherboard-yada adiga oo istaajinaya oo xafid looxa.

Marka xigta, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku xidho madaxyada Motherboard-ka kiiska. Tani waa meesha ay tahay inay ahaadaan:

Ka hubi buug-gacmeedka Motherboard-ka iyo buug-yaraha kayska meelaha kuwan ku yaalliin. Kadibna ku xidh kiiska USB , daaran koronto, daaran dib u dejineed, nalalka tilmaame LED iyo xidhiyaal maqal oo dheeri ah.

Hadda, ku xidh xidhidhiyayaasha korantada ka soo xidha korontada ilaa Motherboard-ka. Tani waa inay ka kooban tahay isku xirka korantada ee ugu weyn kaas oo inta badan ka kooban 24-biin. Waxa kale oo badanaa ku jiri doona isku xidhaha korantada ee 12-pin ee CPU . Waa kan tusaale:

Ugu dambayntii, waxaan u baahanahay in aan rakibno wax kasta oo kaydinta drives, ku xidhi Motherboard-ka oo aan sidoo kale ku xidhno xidhidhyadooda korontada. Haddii aad sidoo kale u baahan tahay inaad rakibto kaarka GPU , u gudub hagahayaga faahfaahsan halkan^(here) .

Taasi waa inay noqotaa! Ka dib marka la isku xiro muraayadda, mouse-ka, kiiboodhka iyo fiilada korontada, kumbiyuutarku waa in uu kor u qaadaa oo uu diyaar u yahay in lagu rakibo nidaamka hawlgalka. Haddii aysan bilaaban, mar kale fur oo hubi in wax walba ay ku xiran yihiin meeshii loogu talagalay. Markaad dhisto kombuyuutar, way sahlanaan kartaa inaad seegto hal fiilo oo yar oo muhiim u ah wax walba.

How To Plan a Custom PC Build – The Ultimate Guide for Dummies

So yоu’ve heard that you can build a PC, bυt you have no idea how to do it, if you should do it and what (literаlly) goes into creating your own computer. The good news is that building your own computer is both verу easy and quite rewarding, bυt it isn’t for everyone.

Under the assumption that you have never built a computer before, we’re going to approach this rather weighty topic in as logical a way as possible.

Desktop Or Laptop?

If you didn’t know, the world of computers is being taken over by laptops. The appeal is completely understandable. We live a more mobile life now and simply buying a complete, portable computer in a single package is the easiest way to simply get on with your life and get some work done.

Should you opt to buy a laptop instead of building a desktop computer? To be honest, if you buy a decent mid-range laptop, most users are going to be perfectly happy with a modern laptop. Even more budget-oriented laptops have more than enough performance in reserve for office work, browsing the web and playing casual video game titles. It’s one of the reasons some people are even dumping laptops for tablets. General purpose computing just doesn’t take any sort of special computer anymore. 

High-performance computers are still the domain of desktop machines, especially since high-performance laptops are super expensive and come with plenty of compromises. For most people then, a laptop is going to be perfectly fine. 

That being said, there are some good, compelling reasons to build a PC. Here are some of the most important ones:

• It’s generally less expensive than a laptop of similar specifications.
• Some computers, such as home media servers or shared computers don’t need portability.
• You can build a basic computer now and expand it later.
• You can swap out and upgrade single components over time, to extend the life of the computer or repair it.
• You can customize the computer exactly to your needs.

If that’s a list of reasons that sound appealing to you, then prepare yourself for a journey of discovery as we get down to the business of building a computer.

In the Beginning: Deciding on Your Vision

Computers come in all shapes and sizes, and that should be determined by the purpose you envision for your computer. 

• Do you want an office machine that will run applications like Word and do some web browsing? 
• Are you going to use your PC for some sort of media work, such as video or audio editing? 
• Maybe you want to build a media PC connected to your TV, nestled next to your console and AV receiver?

Whatever you want to do with your future computer will have an influence on which parts you choose and how your budget is allocated. So before you make any decisions that require a financial commitment, take the time to think about what job this computer is meant to do. 

Bear in mind that this guide is aimed at users who want to build general-purpose computers, but you can tweak the baseline advice to fit your needs. If you’re specifically looking for a guide to build a butt-kicking gaming PC, do yourself a favor and have a look at our specialized guide for gamers.

Setting Your Budget

This is quite possibly the most important part of the PC building process. The total amount of money you have to spend on your PC build is everything. It determines what overall level of performance you can afford, how many sacrifices you need to make and whether you’ll have to rely on used parts in some cases. 

Decide on your budget first and then allocate it to various components according to your priorities. We’ll talk about sensible budget decisions with each component individually.

Using a PC Build Planning Tool

Thankfully, there are now quite a few very intuitive online tools where you can “build” your computer on paper and make sure all the parts will work together. 

For our money, PC Part Picker is the premiere choice. Using this tool you can play around with your build, make sure your components will actually work together and get the best prices for each component. 

It’s also a great way to show your prospective build to a friend who can help you make good decisions. In fact, for the example system in this guide, we’re going to use their budget home office build.

The Shopping List: Every Component Edition

Now you’re armed with a good idea of what sort of system you want to build, and have a tool to help you organize the parts before you buy them and start assembly. Now we have to actually choose the parts that will make up the computer. 

We’ll go through them in a logical order and discuss key considerations for the various needs you may have. The suggested part in each section is taken from the PC Part Picker build mentioned above.

The Case

The case (sometimes referred to as the chassis) is the physical framework of your computer. All the parts of the device are mounted within this item. Why are we starting with the case? We think there are a few good reasons to choose a case before you pick anything else.

First of all, you need to pick a case that’s the right size and shape for your needs. You don’t want a hulking full tower case just to act as a media server or office machine. You also don’t want a case that can’t handle future expansions you’re likely to need.

Cases come in different standards, which dictate what type of motherboards they are compatible with. We’ll explain what you need to know about motherboards next, but a given PC chassis will support specific motherboard sizes. The three you’ll most likely encounter (from largest to smallest) are ATX, Micro ATX and Mini ITX. There are other variations on these size standards, but they aren’t relevant to typical home users.

Cases designed to house ATX motherboards are generally larger than those designed to house the smaller standards. This doesn’t have to be true, but it’s a good rule of thumb. Sometimes ATX cases will also have mounting points for smaller board standards, although there’s not much reason to put a tiny motherboard in a giant case.

In terms of the actual case size classes, the most popular style to build a PC is the mid-tower case, such as this one.

Mini ITX systems are also becoming popular, especially since you can buy one that takes full-sized expansion cards and has great cooling.

There are lots of considerations when choosing a case, but we’ve boiled it down to the following:

• Shortlist cases that will fit in the space you have and look good in that specific environment.
• Make sure the case has enough drive bays and expansion slots to accommodate your immediate and future needs.
• Features such as tool-less design and modular drive bays are a nice feature, but not essential.

The final piece of advice we have for you when it comes to PC cases, is to avoid cases that come with a power supply. We’re going to deal with power supplies in their own right a little later in the article, but it’s worth mentioning this here. It’s better to buy the power supply separately so that it fits your needs exactly and the ones included with cases are more often than not a poor investment.

The suggested case here is the Thermaltake Versa H15.

The Motherboard

The motherboard is the component that connects all of your other computer components together. Since you’ve already chosen a case above, the first major filter when narrowing down your motherboard selection is which motherboard types your chosen case can accommodate.

Next we want to look at which brand of CPU your motherboard will support.These days the choice is between motherboards that accept AMD CPUs and ones that work with Intel. At the time of writing, AMD offers the best performance-per-dollar value and is challenging Intel to the outright performance crown.

Most of the important performance components that used to be on the motherboard is now on the CPU itself, so the most important decisions you need to make have more to do with how much expansion the board allows. In other words, how many USB ports does it have? What types are they? How many PCI Express expansion slots are there? Choose a motherboard that:

• Fits the case you’ve chosen
• Supports CPUs as recent as you can afford
• Has enough expandability to leave you with an upgrade path

For general purpose computing (and even high-end tasks, such as gaming) there’s not an important difference in performance between cheaper and more expensive motherboards.

You don’t have to spend money on features that relate to overclocking, fancy light or any of those decorative features. You may want to spend a little more to have a motherboard with a thicker PCB (printed circuit board), solid capacitors and more power phases. On balance however, any motherboard from a good brand will do.

The suggested motherboard here is the ASRock B450M-HDV R4.0.

The CPU

The CPU is the main brain of your computer and the key performance component. Modern CPUs are multi-core, which means they actually consist of multiple CPUs in one. Quad-core CPUs are now considered the mainstream standard for general computing. Your budget may even allow for a six- or eight-core CPU. Especially if you’ve chosen to go with AMD’s latest Ryzen CPUs.

The clock speed (measured in Ghz) isn’t all that important these days, as even entry-level quad-core CPUs can dynamically ramp up their speed to match the task at hand. Just make sure you pick a CPU that’s on your chosen motherboard’s supported list. Your CPU should also come with a stock cooler, which will be perfectly fine for most people.

The suggested CPU here is the AMD Ryzen 3 2200G Quad Core.

Memory

RAM – Random Access Memory, is the high-speed storage space that your CPU accesses directly. Having lots of RAM means the CPU doesn’t have to wait for slower storage to catch up. But how much should you have? 

These days the absolute minimum is 8GB of RAM. regardless of what you use your computer for. That’s going to be as low as you’ll want to cut it. 16GB is however the mainstream amount to aim for. Modern operating systems are very good at using idle memory to speed up the system, so you won’t be wasting any of it.

What memory should you get when you build a PC? If the price differences aren’t large, it’s worth buying the fastest memory that your chosen motherboard supports. Your motherboard will support a specific range of memory modules and also have a fixed number of slots within which to put them. Most motherboards use a “dual channel” memory configuration, which means modules work in pairs to improve performance. 

Triple- and quad- channel setups also exist, where you need to install memory modules in sets of three and four respectively. It’s preferable that all your memory modules be the same brand, capacity and model to make sure it all works smoothly. At the very least each matched set of modules should be the same.

You can run a single module in your computer to save money at the cost of some performance. This makes the most sense when you only have two slots on your motherboard, because you can then later double your memory capacity by adding another module to the open slot. 

The suggested memory here is this 8GB Patriot Viper dual-channel kit.

Internal Storage

Internal storage describes the drives that hold your operating system, applications and frequent data. The norm these days is to use an SSD or solid state drive. They are much faster and robust than mechanical drives and give even modest computers a massive performance boost. 

They are also pretty affordable now, so get an SSD as your main drive and, if you need mass storage, add a cheap mechanical drive as your secondary. For example, you could get a 500GB main drive and then add a 4TB mechanical drive for the best of both worlds.

The suggested internal storage for this particular build is the TEAMGROUP GX2 512GB 2.5 Inch SATA III Internal Solid State Drive SSD.

The GPU

A GPU is a dedicated processor that handles the pretty pictures you see on screen. You can buy a CPU that has an integrated GPU, and also shares the same pool of RAM. If you don’t need to use applications that use detailed 3D graphics and just want to do general work and maybe watch some Netflix, the integrated GPUs you get these days are quite good. Especially on AMD CPUs.

If you do need the power of a dedicated GPU card, then have a look at our detailed guide on the subject.

Since the build we pulled from PC Part Picker uses the built-in GPU on the CPU, there’s no separate part here.

The Power Supply

The last component you should decide on is the power supply. Why? Because this part needs to have enough juice to power everything safely, with enough overhead. 

The easiest way to do this is by using a power supply calculator and then buying a good-quality power supply that matches or exceeds the recommended amount of power. Especially if you want to add components in future without having to replace the power supply.

The Build: I Love it When a Plan Comes Together

Now that we have all our parts, here’s how to put them together.

First, install the CPU and CPU cooler as per the manufacturer’s instructions, into the motherboard. You should also install the RAM modules at this point. If your motherboard supports M.2 SSDs, which also slot directly into the motherboard, you should also attach them now, before the motherboard goes in the case.

Install the power supply into the case, it should only take a few screws to secure it. This is where the power supply goes.

Now you should have a case and power supply on one hand and a motherboard with its main components on the other.

Now that all these components are on the motherboard, we can put it into the case. First, screw in the included motherboard standoffs, in line with the corresponding holes on your motherboard.

Then all you have to do is install the IO shield that came with your motherboard into the case. Then line up the IO ports with it. Now line up the screw holes on the motherboards with your standoffs and secure the board.

Next, you need to hook up the motherboard headers to the case. This is where they should be:

Check your motherboard manual and case manual for the locations of these. Then plug in the case USB, power switch, reset switch, LED indicator lights and additional audio connectors.

Now, hook up the power connectors from the power supply to the motherboard. This should consist of the main power connector which usually consists of 24-pins. It will also usually include a 12-pin power connector for the CPU. Here’s an example:

Finally, we need to install any storage drives, connect them to the motherboard and also connect their power connectors. If you also need to install a GPU card, head over to our detailed guide here.

That should be it! After connecting a screen, mouse, keyboard and power cable, the computer should boot up and be ready for its operating system to be installed. If it doesn’t start up, open it up again and make sure everything is plugged in where it’s meant to be. When you build a PC, it can be easy to miss one small cable that’s crucial to everything.

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