Bash ( Bourne Again Shell ) waa khadka taliska, iyo garaafyada isticmaale ee loo qaybiyay dhammaan qaybinta Linux . Isticmaalka Bash on Windows 10 ma ahayn hab fudud. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Windows 11 waxaa ku jira Windows Subsystem for Linux ( WSL 2.0 ) oo la cusboonaysiiyay kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad rakibto oo aad isticmaasho Bash si ka sahlan waligaa.

Nooca cusub ee WSL wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa ^(WSL)kernel Linux^{(Linux kernel)} run ah gudaha mashiinka farsamada. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in qaybinta Linux kasta oo aad ku maamusho WSL ay ku jirto Bash .

Sida loo rakibo WSL iyo Bash Windows^{(Windows 11)} 11

Si loo rakibo oo loo maamulo nidaamyada hawlgalka Linux oo ay ku jiraan Bash on your Windows 11 nidaamka, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad marka hore rakibto WSL . On Windows 11 , tani waa hab toos ah oo la isticmaalayo Windows Terminal . Ha bilaabin CMD ( Command Prompt ) - Windows Terminal waa codsi ka duwan.

1. Dooro badhanka Start , oo ku qor "terminal" goobta raadinta. Muraayada Terminalka Windows ^{(Windows Terminal)}ka^{(Administrator)} dooro maamulaha^(Run) maamule .

Fiiro gaar ah: Haddii Terminalka Windows^{(Windows Terminal)} uusan furmin, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad cusboonaysiiso. Booqo Bakhaarka Microsoft^{(Microsoft Store)} oo rakib noocii ugu dambeeyay ee Terminalka Windows^{(latest version of the Windows Terminal)} .

2. Ku qor amarka soo socda: wsl –install , marka la eego amarka isla markiiba taabo Gelida^(Enter) . Amarkan kaliya ayaa soo dejin doona oo rakibi doona nuqulkii ugu dambeeyay ee Windows Subsystem ee Linux . Soodejintu waa dhawr boqol oo megabytes sidaa darteed hawsha rakibida waxay qaadan kartaa wakhti in la dhammeeyo.

3. Marka ay dhammaato, waa in aad aragto fariinta: "Hawlgalka la codsaday waa guul." Markaad aragto fariintan, dib u bilow nidaamkaaga si aad u dhamaystirto rakibaadda WSL . Waxaad ku qori kartaa xidhitaanka /r /t 0 gudaha Terminalka Windows^{(Windows Terminal)} si aad u bilowdo dib-u-bilawga.

4. Ka dib marka nidaamkaagu dib u bilaabo, nidaamku wuu sii socon doonaa adoo ku rakibaya Ubuntu sida Linux distro ee caadiga ah. Waxaa lagu weydiin doonaa inaad geliso magaca isticmaalaha iyo erayga sirta ah ee nidaamka Linux .

5. Marka aad dhammayso, Ubuntu waxay si toos ah u geli doontaa qolofka Bash . Waxaad isticmaali kartaa isla amarrada aad sida caadiga ah ugu isticmaali lahayd Linux , oo ay ku jiraan ku rakibida abka Linux deegaankan casriga ah.^(Linux)

6. Waxaad ku rakiban kartaa distros kale oo Linux ah^{(other Linux distros)} haddii aad doorbideyso. Si aad u aragto kuwa la heli karo si loo rakibo, dib u fur Windows Terminal ( Powershell ), ku qor wsl -list -online, oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) . Waxaad arki doontaa fursadaha sida Openuse^(Opensuse) , Debian , iyo kuwa kale.

7. Waxaad ku rakibi kartaa mid kasta oo ka mid ah distros-yadan adigoo ku qoraya wsl -install -d <> geli Terminalka Windows-ka^{(Windows Terminal)} . Nidaam la mid ah rakibaaddii hore ee Ubuntu ayaa soo celin doonta, waxaadna u baahan doontaa inaad geliso isticmaale-magaca iyo erayga sirta ah si aad u dhammaystirto rakibidda.

Fiiro gaar ah: Waxaad sidoo kale ku rakibi kartaa Linux Distro kasta Windows Store ka Microsoft Store .

Sida loo bilaabo Linux Distro-kaaga^{(Your Linux Distro)} oo loo isticmaalo Bash^{(Use Bash)}

Waxaa jira laba hab oo aad isticmaali karto si aad u bilowdo Linux distro. Haddii aad rakibtay Ubuntu , waxaad dooran kartaa menu-ka Start , ku qor Ubuntu , oo dooro abka Ubuntu si aad u bilowdo.

Haddii kale, waxaad bilaabi kartaa Terminalka Windows^{(Windows Terminal)} oo kaliya ku qor amarka Ubuntu si aad u bilowdo Linux Bash qolof gudaha Ubuntu .

Si aad u aragto liiska dhammaan amarrada Linux ee la heli karo waxaad ku isticmaali kartaa gudaha ^(Linux)Bash , ku qor help-d.

Waxaad ka heli kartaa tafaasiil dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan amarrada gaarka ah adigoo ku qoraya caawinta oo uu ku xigo magaca amarka. Tusaale ahaan, printf caawinta waxay soo celisaa tafaasiisha amarka iyo macluumaadka ku saabsan halbeeg kasta oo amar ah.

Qaar ka mid ah amarada Bash ee caadiga ah ee dadka badankiisu isticmaalaan marka ugu horreysa ee ay bilaabaan waxaa ka mid ah:

• Habka^(Mode) Interactive : Ku qor amarrada gudaha khadka taliska ( Windows Terminal ).
• Qaabka^(Mode) Dufcadda : Samee feyl qoraal ah oo ka kooban dhammaan amarrada aad jeclaan lahayd in Linux si habsami leh u fuliyo. Dad badan ayaa sameeya qoraaladan iyagoo isticmaalaya syntax programming.

Sida loo socodsiiyo qoraalka Bash ^{(Bash Script)}Windows

Si aad u socodsiiso qoraalka Bash , kaliya samee faylka qoraalka adoo isticmaalaya tifaftiraha faylka aad jeceshahay sida Notepad oo ku keydi meel aad xasuusan doonto.

Hal shay oo gaar ah oo ku saabsan qoraalka Bash ayaa ah in xariiqda koowaad ay tahay inay noqoto "#!" oo ay ku xigto jidkaaga Linux bash. Si aad u aragto waxa taasi tahay, billow Ubuntu^(Ubuntu) oo ku qor bash daaqada khadka taliska. Tani waxay ku siin doontaa jidka Bash .

Samee fayl cusub oo qoraal ah oo ku dar xariiqda koowaad ee sare. Xaaladda tusaalahan, taasi waxay noqon doontaa:

#! /user/bin/bash

Raac xariiqan amar kasta oo taxane ah oo aad rabto in Linux uu shaqeeyo. Tusaalahan:

• Sadarka 1: Wuxuu adeegsadaa amarka echo si uu qoraalka ugu muujiyo isticmaalaha shaashadda.
• Sadarka 2: Wuxuu isku daraa ku celcelinta amarka taariikhda soo celinta taariikhda maanta.
• Sadarka 3: Wuxuu isku daraa echo iyo amarka whoami si loo soo celiyo magacaaga isticmaale.

Ku kaydi faylka qoraalkan kordhinta .sh Xusuusnow jidka loo maro faylkan.

Marka xigta, fur Terminalka Windows^{(Windows Terminal)} oo isticmaal amarka cd si aad ugu socotid dariiqa aad ku kaydisay qoraalka Bash .

Si aad u socodsiiso qoraalka, ku qor bash <<name of script>>.

Tani waa tusaale aad u fudud, laakiin tani waxay muujinaysaa sida aad u isticmaali karto faylkan si aad u farsamayso dhammaan barnaamijyada qoraalka Bash . Xataa weedhaha barnaamijyada sida IF bayaannada ayaa diyaar u ah inay ku daraan awoodaha go'aan-qaadashada qoraalkaaga.

Goobta SS64 waxay ku siinaysaa kheyraad ballaaran oo^{(SS64 provides an extensive resource)} leh dhammaan amarrada Bash ee la heli karo oo aad ku isticmaali karto Terminalka Bash ama qoraalladaada Bash .

Waxa kale oo aad arki kartaa tabobar ku saabsan isticmaalka qoraalka qolofka Linux si aad u kaydiso hagaha^{(Linux shell script to back up a directory)} .

How to Install and Use Bash on Windows 11

Bash (Boυrne Agaіn Shell) iѕ the command line, and graphіcal user interface distributed with all Linux distributions. Using Bash on Windows 10 wasn’t a simple process. However, Windows 11 includes an upgraded Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL 2.0) that allows you to install and use Bash easier than ever.

The new version of WSL runs a true Linux kernel inside of a virtual machine. This means that any Linux distribution you run under WSL includes Bash.

How to Install WSL and Bash on Windows 11

To install and run Linux operating systems that include Bash on your Windows 11 system, you’ll need to install WSL first. On Windows 11, this is a straightforward process using Windows Terminal. Do not launch CMD (Command Prompt) – Windows Terminal is a different application.

1. Select the Start button, and type “terminal” in the search field. In the Windows Terminal pane select Run as Administrator.

Note: If Windows Terminal doesn’t launch, you may need to update it. Visit the Microsoft Store and install the latest version of the Windows Terminal.

2. Type the following command: wsl –install, at the command prompt and press Enter. This single command will download and install the latest version of the Windows Subsystem for Linux. The download is a few hundred megabytes so the installation process may take some time to finish.

3. When it’s finished, you should see the message: “The requested operation is successful.” Once you see this message, restart your system to complete the WSL installation. You can type shutdown /r /t 0 in Windows Terminal to initiate the reboot.

4. After your system reboots, the process will continue by installing Ubuntu as the default Linux distro. You will be prompted to enter a username and password for the Linux system.

5. Once you’ve finished, Ubuntu will launch into the Bash shell automatically. You can use the same commands you would normally use in Linux, including installing Linux apps into this virtual environment.

6. You can install other Linux distros if you prefer. To see which ones are available to install, reopen Windows Terminal (Powershell), type wsl –list –online, and press Enter. You will see options like Opensuse, Debian, and others.

7. You can install any of these distros by typing wsl –install -d <<distro name>> into the Windows Terminal. The same process as the previous Ubuntu installation will repeat, and you’ll need to enter a username and password to complete the installation.

Note: You can also install any Linux Distro on Windows from the Microsoft Store.

How to Launch Your Linux Distro and Use Bash

There are two methods you can use to launch your Linux distro. If you installed Ubuntu, you can select the Start menu, type Ubuntu, and select the Ubuntu app to launch it.

Alternatively, you can launch the Windows Terminal and just type the command Ubuntu to launch the Linux Bash shell in the Ubuntu environment.

To see a list of all available Linux commands you can use in Bash, type help -d.

You can get more details about individual commands by typing help followed by the command name. For example, help printf returns command details and information about each command parameter.

Some of the more common Bash commands most people use when they first get started include:

• Interactive Mode: Type commands into the command-line interface (Windows Terminal).
• Batch Mode: Run a text file that contains all of the commands you’d like Linux to execute in order. Many people create these scripts using programming syntax.

How to Run a Bash Script in Windows

To run a script in Bash, just create a text file using your favorite file editor like Notepad and save it in a location you’ll remember.

One thing that’s unique about a Bash script is that the first line must be “#!” followed by the path of your Linux bash path. To see what that is, launch Ubuntu and type which bash into the command line window. This will provide the Bash path.

Create a new text file and include that first line at the top. In the case of this example, that would be:

#! /user/bin/bash

Follow this line with each sequential command you want Linux to run. In this example:

• Line 1: Uses the echo command to display text to the user on the screen.
• Line 2: Combines echo with the date command to return today’s date.
• Line 3: Combines echo with the whoami command to return your user name.

Save this text file with a .sh extension. Remember the path to this file.

Next, open the Windows Terminal and use the cd command to navigate to the path where you’ve saved the Bash script.

To run the script, type bash <<name of script>>.

This is a very simple example, but this demonstrates how you can use such a file to craft entire Bash script programs. Even programming statements like IF statements are available to include decision-making capabilities in your script.

The site SS64 provides an extensive resource with all available Bash commands that you can use in the Bash terminal or your Bash scripts.

You can also see a tutorial on using a Linux shell script to back up a directory.

Related posts

• Waa maxay sababta uu PC-gaygu aanu ula socon karin Windows 11? Isticmaal WhyNotWin11!

• Sida loo abuuro oo loo isticmaalo Windows 11 USB Drive-ka soo kabashada

• Qalabka PowerShell: Sida loo Abuuro oo loo Isticmaalo

• Tifaftirayaasha Menu Context: Ku dar, Ka saar Shayada Menu ee ku jira Windows 11

• Sida app kasta loogu dhejiyo Taskbar gudaha Windows 11

• Daar ama dami Wi-Fi iyo adabtarada Ethernet Windows 11

• Fix ma gaadhi karo cilada VPN Server ee ku jirta PIA Windows 11

• Windows 11 Taariikhda Siideynta, Qiimaha, Shuruudaha Qalabka

• Sida loo daro ama looga saaro galka Windows 10/11 Start Menu

• Ka saar gelinta taariikhda isku xirka Desktop Fog ee gudaha Windows 11

• Sida loo suurtageliyo ama loo joojiyo Heerka Dib-u-cusboonaynta Dynamic Refresh (DRR) gudaha Windows 11

• Sida loo qariyo Calaamadaha ku yaal Taskbar Icons gudaha Windows 11

• Sidee buu u shaqeeyaa muujinta Qiimaynta Dib-u-cusboonaysiinta ee Windows 11

• Sida loo Helo Windows 11 Insider Preview Dhis Hadda

• Ku tus ama ku qari astaamaha gudaha aagga qulqulka qulqulka ee geeska shaqada ee Windows 11

• Sida loo beddelo mawduuca kooxaha Microsoft Windows 11

• Sida loo dejiyo wallpaper kala duwan miisaska kala duwan ee Windows 11

• PC-gani ma shaqayn karo Windows 11 - hagaaji!

• Sida loo beddelo Insider Channel Windows 11

• Sida loo sameeyo fiidiyow ka sawiro gudaha Windows 11