Dhawaan, waxaan u baahanahay inaan ku rakibno Windows iyo Ubuntu dhowr kombiyuutar. Kuwa u baahan Windows 10 , waxaan u isticmaali karnaa Qalabka Abuurista Warbaahinta^{(Media Creation Tool)} ee ay bixiso Microsoft . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nidaamyada hawlgalka ee aan- Microsoft , taasi ma shaqaynayso. Waxaan rabnay qalab awood u leh inuu abuuro usha xusuusta USB bootable ee ^(USB)Windows , laakiin sidoo kale leh Linux ama nidaamyada kale ee hawlgalka sida FreeDOS . Qalabka aan sida badan u jecelnahay waxaa loo yaqaan Rufus , maqaalkan, waxaan ku tusineynaa sida loo isticmaalo si aad u sameysid USB- gaaga bootable^(USB)ku wad nidaamka hawlgalka aad rabto:

1. Download Rufus

Marka hore, soo ^{(download )}deji Rufus^(Rufus) . Boggeeda shabakad, rog ilaa aad ka heshid xiriirinta soo dejinta, oo dooro daabacaadda aad doorbidayso. Waxaa xusid mudan in aad ku heli karto Rufus sida app la qaadan karo oo aad ku shaqayn karto marka aad soo dejiso.

Markaad maamusho Rufus , waa inaad aragto wax sidan oo kale ah:

2. Ku xidh usha xusuusta ee USB

Marka xigta, waa inaad ku xirtaa usha xusuusta USB ee aad rabto inaad isticmaasho. ^(USB)Ku xidh Windows PC ama aaladdaada Rufus waa inuu si toos ah u ogaado. Marka ay sameyso, usha xusuusta USB waxay ku taxan tahay liiska ^(USB)aaladaha^(Device) xagga sare ee daaqadda Rufus . Haddii aad sidoo kale leedahay USB-ga^(USB) kale sida Hard Disk-yada la qaadi karo ee ku xiran kombayutarka, sidoo kale waxaa lagu muujiyay liiskan. Hubi^(Make) inaad dooratay usha USB-ga^(USB) ee aad rabto inaad isticmaasho oo aanad dooran darawal kale sababtoo ah waa la qaabayn doonaa.

3. Samee darawal USB bootable ah adoo isticmaalaya faylka ISO Windows ama Linux^{(Linux ISO)} , ama dooro FreeDOS

Gudaha Rufus , dhagsii ama ku dhufo xulashada Bootka^{(Boot selection)} oo dooro inaad rabto inaad abuurto darawal bootable adoo isticmaalaya faylka ISO ama aad rabto inaad abuurto darawal bootable ah oo leh FreeDOS . Haddii aad rabto FreeDOS , dooro oo u gudub qaybta ugu dambeysa ee hagahan.

Haddii aad rabto inaad abuurto darawal USB bootable ah oo Windows ama Linux ah, dooro "Disk ama ISO image." ^{("Disk or ISO image.")}Kadib, dhagsii ama taabo Dooro^(Select) .

Ka^(Browse) dhex baadho kumbuyuutarkaaga ama aaladdaada oo dooro faylka ISO ee nidaamka hawlgalka aad rabto inaad ku dhejiso darawalka bootable USB . Haddii aad rabto inaad abuurto usha xusuusta USB bootable ee Windows , dooro ^(Windows)Windows ISO . Haddii aad rabto darawal USB bootable ah oo leh Ubuntu Linux , dooro faylka Ubuntu ISO^{(Ubuntu ISO file)} . Kadib markaad heshid faylka ISO , dooro oo tabo Open .

Rufus wuxuu ku shubaa faylka ISO wuxuuna hagaajiyaa habayntiisa caadiga ah si uu ugu habboonaado nidaamka hawlgalka ee ISO . In kasta oo goobaha caadiga ah ay tahay inay ku habboon yihiin dadka iyo aaladaha intooda badan, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad wax ka bedesho qaar ka mid ah, xaaladaha qaarkood.

Haddii aad damacsan tahay inaad ku abuurto darawal bootable ah oo wata Windows ama Linux , waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad fiiro gaar ah u yeelato nidaamka Qaybta^{(Partition scheme)} iyo dejinta nidaamka Target^{(Target system)} .

Haddii aad rabto inaad ku rakibto Windows PC cadaalad ah oo cusub oo leh UEFI iyo ^{(Windows on a fairly new PC with UEFI and a)} nidaamka qaybinta GPT^{(GPT partition scheme)} , waa inaad doorataa dejinta soo socota:

• Nidaamka qaybinta: GPT^{(Partition scheme: GPT)}
• Nidaamka bartilmaameedka: UEFI (aan ahayn CSM)^{(Target system: UEFI (non CSM))}
• Nidaamka faylka: FAT32 (Default)^{(File System: FAT32 (Default))}

Haddii PC-ga aad rabto inaad ku rakibto Windows uu yahay qalab duug ah oo leh ^{(install Windows is an older device with a traditional)} BIOS dhaqameed ama UEFI ^{(BIOS or UEFI)} loo dejiyay qaab ku habboon^{(set to compatible mode)} , iyo nidaamka qaybinta MBR^{(MBR partition scheme)} , waa inaad doorataa dejinta soo socota:

• Nidaamka qaybinta: MBR^{(Partition scheme: MBR)}
• Nidaamka bartilmaameedka: BIOS (ama UEFI-CSM)^{(Target system: BIOS (or UEFI-CSM))}
• Nidaamka faylka: NTFS^{(File System: NTFS)}

Haddii aad rabto inaad Linux ku rakibto qalab cusub oo leh UEFI , dooro GPT . Haddii kale, dooro MBR . Iyada oo aan loo eegin, dooro FAT32 sida nidaamka faylalka si loogu isticmaalo USB drive.

Haddii aad rabto, waxaad sidoo kale hubin kartaa dhawrka doorasho ee kale ee jira laakiin, ilaa aad ogtahay waxaad samaynayso, waa inaad uga tagtaa siday yihiin. Rufus si toos ah ayuu wax walba oo kale u hagaajiyaa.

4. Samee darawalka bootable-ka ah

Talaabada u danbeysa waa in aad gujiso ama taabato START oo aad sugto inta la samaynayo darawalka bootable-ka ah.

Iyadoo ku xiran xawaaraha darawalka iyo xajmiga nidaamka hawlgalka ee aad dooratay, tallaabadani waxay qaadan kartaa wakhti.

Marka la dhammeeyo, waxaad u isticmaali kartaa inaad ka soo saarto oo aad ku rakibto nidaamka qalliinka ee^{(boot from it and install the operating system)} aad dooratay inaad ku nuqul ka sameysid USB-ga^(USB) .

Ma isticmaashay Rufus?

Ma^(Did) jeclayd abka aanu ku talinayno hawshan? Ma dareentay inay fududahay in lagu sameeyo USB- drives bootable? Waxaan jeclaan lahayn inaan maqalno ra'yigaaga ku saabsan, markaa ha ka waaban inaad la wadaagto qaybta faallooyinka ee hoose.

How to make a bootable USB drive with Windows, Ubuntu or FreeDOS

Recently, we needed to install Windows and Ubuntu on several computerѕ. For the ones thаt needed Windows 10, we could have used the Media Creation Tool offered by Microsoft. However, for non-Microsoft operating systems, that doesn't work. We wanted a tool that was able to create a bootable USB memory stick with Windows, but also with Linux or other operating systems such as FreeDOS. The tool we like most is called Rufus and, in this article, we show how to use it to make your own bootable USB drive with any operating system you wish:

1. Download Rufus

First, download Rufus. On its webpage, scroll until you find the download links, and choose the edition you prefer. It is worth noting that you can get Rufus as a portable app which you can run once you download it.

When you run Rufus, you should see something like this:

2. Plug in the USB memory stick

Next, you have to plug in the USB memory stick that you want to use. Plug it into your Windows PC or device and Rufus should automatically detect it. When it does, the USB memory stick is listed in the Device list at the top of Rufus' window. If you also have other USB drives such as portable hard disks connected to your computer, they are also shown in this list. Make sure that you select the USB stick that you want to use and not some other drive because it is going to be formatted.

3. Create a bootable USB drive using a Windows or Linux ISO file, or choose FreeDOS

In Rufus, click or tap Boot selection and choose whether you want to create a bootable drive using an ISO file or you want to create a bootable drive with FreeDOS on it. If you want FreeDOS, select it and skip to the last section of this guide.

If you want to create a Windows or a Linux bootable USB drive, choose "Disk or ISO image." Then, click or tap Select.

Browse through your computer or device and select the ISO file with the operating system that you want to put on the bootable USB drive. If you want to create a Windows bootable USB memory stick, select a Windows ISO. If you want a bootable USB drive with Ubuntu Linux, select an Ubuntu ISO file. After you locate the ISO file, select it and press Open.

Rufus loads the ISO file and adjusts its default settings to fit the operating system in that ISO. Although the default settings should be just right for most people and devices, you might want to change a few of them, in some situations.

If you intend to create a bootable drive with Windows or Linux, you might want to pay attention to the Partition scheme and Target system settings.

If you want to install Windows on a fairly new PC with UEFI and a GPT partition scheme, you should choose the following settings:

• Partition scheme: GPT
• Target system: UEFI (non CSM)
• File System: FAT32 (Default)

If the PC on which you want to install Windows is an older device with a traditional BIOS or UEFI set to compatible mode, and an MBR partition scheme, you should choose the following settings:

• Partition scheme: MBR
• Target system: BIOS (or UEFI-CSM)
• File System: NTFS

If you want to install Linux on a new device with UEFI, choose GPT. Otherwise, choose MBR. Regardless, select FAT32 as the file system to use on the USB drive.

If you want, you can also check the other few options available but, unless you know what you are doing, you should leave them as they are. Rufus automatically adjusts everything else.

4. Create the bootable drive

The final step is to click or tap on START and wait for the bootable drive to be created.

Depending on your drive's speed and the size of the operating system you chose, this step could take a while.

Once it is done, you can use it to boot from it and install the operating system you chose to copy on the USB drive.

Have you used Rufus?

Did you like the app that we recommend for this task? Do you feel that it is easy to create bootable USB drives with it? We'd love to hear your opinion about it, so do not hesitate to share in the comments section below.

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