Habka ugu fiican ee lagu geli karo faylalkayaga intarneedka waa adiga oo isticmaalaya NAS , ama N etwork Aalladda S^(A) ku lifaaqan . ^(S)NAS asal ahaan waa hab lagu xidho wadida adag ee dhexe ee shabakadayada, sida aaladda kaydinta daruuraha^{(like a cloud storage device)} , siinta marin u siinta iyada iyo dhammaan faylasha ku jira, dhammaan aaladaha kale ee ku xidhan. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa wadaagga faylka iyo taageeridda waxyaalaha si aad u fudud marka aan meel kasta ka samayn karno.

Habka ugu fudud ee aan gacmahayaga ku heli karno qalabkan oo kale waa in aan dibadda u baxno oo aan soo iibsanno mid horay loo dhisay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu fudud had iyo jeer ma aha waxa ugu fiican. Router-ka NAS ku shaqeeya wuxuu noo ogolaanayaa inaan ku xirno darawal adag oo dibadda ah iyada oo loo sii marayo USB kaydinta dheeraadka ah. Mar labaad, waxaan raaci karnaa ikhtiyaarka DIY anagoo ^(DIY)adeegsanayna Raspberry Pi^{(using Raspberry Pi)} ama kombuyuutar dib loo soo celiyay.

Iyadoo aan loo eegin sida aan gacmahayaga u helno mid, waxaan u baahan doonaa inaan ogaano sida loo sameeyo NAS .

Sida Loo Sameeyo NAS (Kaydinta Isku Xidhan)^{(How To Set Up a NAS (Network Attached Storage))}

Waxaan u baahan doonaa dhowr waxyaalood si aan uga faa'iidaysano qalabka NAS . Marka hore^(First) , waxaanu u baahan doonaa ciyaartoyga warbaahinta aasaasiga ah, sida kombayutarka gaarka ah, inuu ku xidho NAS shabakadayada. Marka xigta^(Next) , NAS lafteeda, waxay iibsatay horay loo dhisay ama si kaleba.

Ugu dambeyntii, qaar ka mid ah qalabyada kaydinta xogta dheeraadka ah, kuwaas oo ah darawallada adag, si loo kaydiyo faylasha warbaahinta. Waxa kale oo aad u fiican in la yeesho xidhiidh xawli sare leh oo ethernet ah. 1GB ayaa lagula talinayaa waxqabadka ugu sarreeya.

Kumbiyuutarka gaarka ah wuxuu noqon karaa HTPC , ama PC Theatre PC^{(Home Theater PC)} , kaas oo si toos ah loo iibsan karo ama aad dhisi karto. Dhisida anaga ayaa noqon doonta mid kharash badan oo wax ku ool ah oo bixinaysa dabacsanaanta ugu badan ee waxa aan rabno inaan ku fulino. Kani waa kombuyuutar u oggolaanaya in la duubo, la beddelo faylasha, iyo xoqidda xogta badan.

Waxaan sidoo kale ku dari karnaa software Plex ama Kodi si aan uga soo daadino faylalka warbaahinta qolalka kala duwan ee gurigeenna qalabyada ku xiran shabakada. Haddii aad jeceshahay inaad hore u duubto TV-ga si aad u daawato wakhti dambe, tani way ku anfici doontaa.

Sababta kaydinta dheeraadka ah waa in la hubiyo in dhammaan faylasha la kaydiyo. Hard Drive-yada aad doorato inaad isticmaashid waa dookhaaga shakhsi ahaaneed. Kaliya^(Just) iska hubi inay weyn yihiin si ay u kaydiyaan dhammaan xogta muhiimka ah. Waxaan sidoo kale rabnaa inaan hubinno in NAS aan dooranno, ama dhisno, uu haysto ikhtiyaar RAID1 . Sidan oo kale xogta oo dhan waxay u muuqataa inta u dhaxaysa hard drives samaynta si haddii mid ka mid ah ku guuldareysto, ka kale weli hayn doonaa dhammaan xogta.

Khariidaynta faylalkaaga^{(Mapping Your Files)}

Khariidaynta faylasha waxay kuxirantahay NAS la doortay . Router-ka NAS^{(A NAS)} wuxuu inta badan la imaanayaa xawaarihiisa, sifooyinkiisa, iyo awoodiisa dhanka khariidaynta iyo kaabaynta faylalka. Synology waa mid ka mid ah magacyada ugu caansan marka ay timaado aaladaha NAS . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, badanaa waa qaali oo moodooyinka qaarkood waxay ku jahawareerin karaan kuwa bilowga ah.

Tababarkan, waxaanu u qaadanaynaa inaad go'aansatey inaad isticmaasho kumbiyuutar hore Windows 10 halkii aad ka isticmaali lahayd ^{(Windows 10)}NAS horay loo dhisay . Tani waxay u fududaynaysaa qof kasta oo yaqaan shaqada gudaha ee PC iyo Windows 10 nidaamka hawlgalka. Waxa kale oo aanu u qaadanaynaa in aad mar hore rakibtay oo aad habaysay Hard Drive-kaaga dheeraadka ah^{(formatted your additional hard drives)} .

Khariidaynta faylasha NAS waxay la mid tahay samaynta khariidaynta wadista shabakada^{(mapping a network drive)} . Guud ahaan, Windows waa inay mar hore aragto aaladda NAS ee hoos timaada aagga Shabakadda ee ^(Network)File Explorer . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira waqtiyo laga yaabo inaysan soo muuqan. Caadi ahaan waa sababta oo ah firmware duugoobay oo u baahan doona in macmiilka SMBv1^{(SMBv1 client)} laga furo gudaha Windows Features kaaga .

• Furo Control Panel .
• Guji Barnaamijyada iyo Tilmaamaha^{(Programs and Features)} .

• Dooro Daar ama dami Astaamaha Windows^{(Turn Windows Features on or off)} .

• U rog SMB 1.0/CIFS Client oo calaamadee sanduuqa.

• Waa suurtogal in + ku xigta SMB 1.0/CIFS File Sharing Support ayaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo in la riixo si loo arko galka ku habboon.

Tani waa inay noqotaa waxa loo baahan yahay oo dhan si loo hubiyo in qalabka NAS uu soo muuqdo.

Qaab dhismeedka^(Structure)

Magacyada^(Folder) galka ku salaysan nooca ayaa ah habka ugu badbaadsan ee loo maro. Wax sida Warbaahineed^(Media) oo dhan ujeeddooyinka warbaahinta ayaa inta badan ku filan haddii aad leedahay xaddi xog ah. Qadarka badan, waxaan u kala saari karnaa faylasha warbaahinta galka lagu calaamadiyay Muusikada, Sawirrada^{(Music, Photos)} , iyo Fiidyaha^(Videos) . 

Gal Documents sidoo kale waa calaamad weyn oo loogu talagalay kaydinta Word Docs , faylasha PDF , iyo noocyada kale ee dukumentiyada shaqada. Gal Backups^{(Backups )} waa in sidoo kale loo abuuraa sababo muuqda dartood. 

Faylasha ku jira galka waa in loo burburiyaa si siman intii suurtagal ah, taasoo la macno ah in la fududeeyo. Fiidiyowyadu^(Videos) looma baahna in loo kala qaybiyo noocyo kala duwan - waxay noqon karaan haddii la doorbido laakiin waxay hoos u dhigtaa waxyaabaha si aan loo baahnayn. Sababaha kale ee galalka waa in la yareeyaa oo si gaar ah loo calaamadeeyaa si aysan u keenin jahawareer.

Dejinta Xuquuqda Isticmaalaha^{(Setting User Rights)}

Waxa kaliya ee loo baahan yahay tusaale ahaan waa in la dejiyo magaca isticmaalaha iyo erayga sirta ah ee gelitaanka NAS . Tan waxa lagu samayn karaa adigoo midigta gujinaya NAS ee hoos yimaada Network , doorashada Properties > Sharing > Advanced Sharing > Permissions .

Halkan waxaan ka dooran karnaa ogolaanshaha caadiga ah qof kasta oo galaya NAS ama u yeeri karnaa ogolaansho gaar ah akoon ahaan. Nidaam isku mid ah ayaa loo samayn karaa gal kasta oo ku yaal NAS sidoo kale.

Helitaanka Qalabka Warbaahinta^{(Media Device Access)}

Hadda waxaan ku habeyn karnaa NAS barnaamij kasta oo xarun warbaahineed oo aad doorbideyso. Waxaan go'aansanay Kodi tallaabooyinkayaga.

1. Fur liiska guriga ee Kodi oo dooro Fiidiyowga^(Video) .
2. Dooro ku dar fiidyaha...^{(Add videos…)} kabacdi baadh^(Browse) .
3. Halka hoose ee liiska, dooro Ku dar Goobta Shabakadda…^{(Add Network Location…)}
4. Dooro Protocol , doorashada Nidaamka File Network (NFS)^{(Network File System (NFS))} .
5. Hel shabakada guriga oo dooro galka la wadaago^(Shared) ee qalabka NAS .
6. Geli magaca isha oo guji OK .
7. Dooro nooca warbaahinta ee Set^{(Set content)} menu menu oo guji OK .
8. Dooro Haa^{(Yes )} oo Kodi waxa uu bilaabi doonaa in uu baadho xog cusub.

NAS - keena hadda waxa loo dejiyay baahinta warbaahinta iyo kaydinta labadaba. Ilaa inta aaladahayada kale ay ku xidhi karaan xarunta warbaahinta aasaasiga ah, waxay heli doonaan xogta laga helay NAS .

How To Set Up a NAS (Network Attached Storage)

A nifty way to access our files over the internet is by using a NAS, or Network Attached Storage device. A NAS is basically a way of connecting a centralized hard drive to our network, like a cloud storage device, providing access to it and all files within, to all of our other connected devices. This makes file-sharing and backing things up a whole lot easier when we can do it from anywhere.

The easiest way to get our hands on such a device is to go out and purchase one that’s pre-built. However, easiest doesn’t always mean best. A NAS-enabled router will allow us to attach an external hard drive via USB for additional storage. Then again, we could go with the DIY option using Raspberry Pi or a repurposed computer.

Regardless of how we get our hands on one, we’re going to need to know how to set up a NAS.

How To Set Up a NAS (Network Attached Storage)

We’re going to need a few things to get the most out of a NAS device. First, we’ll require a primary media player, such as a personal computer, to attach the NAS to our network. Next, the NAS itself, purchased pre-built or otherwise.

Finally, some additional data storage devices, namely hard drives, to store media files. It’s also best to have a high speed ethernet connection. 1GB is recommended for prime performance.

The personal computer can be an HTPC, or Home Theater PC, which can be purchased outright or built by you. Building our own will be more cost-effective and provide the most flexibility in what we want to accomplish with it. This is a computer that allows for recording, transcoding files, and scraping metadata.

We could also add Plex or Kodi software to stream media files from various rooms of our home with devices that are connected to the network. If you like to pre-record TV to watch at a later time, this will come in handy.

The reason for additional storage is to ensure we’ll have all files backed up. The hard drives you choose to use are your own personal preference. Just make sure they’re large enough to store all important data. We’ll also want to make sure that the NAS we choose, or build, has a RAID1 option. This way all data is mirrored between hard drives making it so that if one fails, the other will still hold all data.

Mapping Your Files

Mapping files depends on the chosen NAS. A NAS router will usually come with its own speeds, features, and capabilities in terms of mapping and backing up files. Synology is one of the better known names when it comes to NAS devices. However, they’re usually expensive and some models can be confusing for beginners.

For this tutorial, we’re going to assume you’ve decided to use an old Windows 10 computer instead of a pre-built NAS. This will make it easier for anyone familiar with the internal workings of a PC and the Windows 10 operating system. We’ll also assume that you’ve already installed and formatted your additional hard drives.

Mapping files to the NAS is the same as mapping a network drive. Generally speaking, Windows should already see the NAS device underneath the Network area of File Explorer. There are however, occasions where it may not show up. It’s usually because of outdated firmware which will require that the SMBv1 client be enabled within your Windows Features.

• Open Control Panel.
• Click on Programs and Features.

• Select Turn Windows Features on or off.

• Scroll to SMB 1.0/CIFS Client and check the box.

• It’s possible the + next to SMB 1.0/CIFS File Sharing Support may need to be clicked to see the appropriate folder.

This should be all that is needed to ensure that the NAS device shows up.

Structure

Folder names based on type is the safer way to go. Something like Media for all media purposes is usually enough if you have limited amounts of data. For larger amounts, we could separate media files into folders labeled Music, Photos, and Videos. 

A Documents folder is also a great folder label for storing Word Docs, PDF files, and other forms of working documents. A Backups folder should also be created for obvious reasons. 

Folders within folders should be broken down as flat as possible, meaning keeping it simple. Videos don’t need to be broken down into genres – they can be if preferred but it bogs things down unnecessarily. Any other reasons for folders should be kept to a minimum and labeled specifically so as not to cause confusion.

Setting User Rights

All that is really required in this instance is to set a username and password for access to the NAS. This can be done by right-clicking the NAS under Network, selecting Properties > Sharing > Advanced Sharing > Permissions.

From here we can choose standard permissions for everyone accessing the NAS or invoke specific permissions on an account by account basis. The same process can be done for each folder located on the NAS as well.

Media Device Access

Now we can configure the NAS with any media center software you prefer. We’ve decided on Kodi for our steps.

1. Open the Kodi home menu and select Video.
2. Select Add videos… then Browse.
3. At the bottom of the list, select Add Network Location…
4. Choose Protocol, selecting Network File System (NFS).
5. Locate the home network and select the Shared folder on the NAS device.
6. Enter a name for the source and click OK.
7. Select the type of media in the Set content menu and click OK.
8. Choose Yes and Kodi will begin scanning for new content.

Our NAS is now set up for both media streaming and storage. So long as our other devices can connect to the primary media hub, they will have access to the data found on the NAS.

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