Maqaalkan, waxaan kaga hadli doonaa waa maxay SNMP^{(what is SNMP)} iyo sida loo rakibo ama awood loogu yeesho loona habeeyo adeega SNMP Windows 10 . SNMP oo u taagan Hab-maamuuska Maaraynta Shabakadda Fudud^{(Simple Network Management Protocol)} waa hab-maamuuska intarneedka caadiga ah ee loo isticmaalo in lagu maamulo laguna maareeyo xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya aaladaha isku xidhka badan ee ku xidhan IP-ga. Waxay awood u siinaysaa ururadu inay la socdaan aaladaha isku xidhka ee kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan router, goobaha shaqada, modem-ka, furayaasha, server-yada, daabacayaasha, iwm. SNMP waxay horeyba ugu habaysan tahay inta badan aaladaha isku xidhka. Oo, marka borotokoolka la furo, waxaa la kaydiyaa xisaabaadka waxqabadka qalabka.

Aynu hadda ka hadalno qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee SNMP .

Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee SNMP

Waa kuwan qaybaha muhiimka ah ee deegaan ay maamusho SNMP:

Maamulaha SNMP:^{(SNMP manager:)} Waa nidaamka dhexe ee maamula oo la socda shabakadda SNMP . Waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan Saldhig Maareynta Shabakadda^{(Network Management Station)} ( NMS ) waxayna ku shaqeysaa martigeliyaha shabakadda. Maamulaha SNMP asal ahaan waxa uu waydiiyaa wakiilka SNMP , waxa uu helaa codsiyo,

Wakiilka SNMP:^{(SNMP agent:)} Waa hab-socod kombuyuutar ah oo siinaya heerka iyo tirakoobka noodhka shabakadda marka ay hesho su'aal SNMP ah. ^(SNMP)Waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka tirsan maamulka SNMP oo ururisa, kaydisa, oo u gudbisa xogta la socodka maamulayaasha SNMP .

Aaladaha la maamulo:^{(Managed Devices:)} Aaladahan waxa ka mid ah dhammaan aaladaha isku xidhka ee SNMP ku shaqeeya ee aad doonayso in aad la socoto, sida daabacayaasha, router-yada, aaladaha wireless-ka, iwm.

SNMP MIB: SNMP waxay isticmaashaa nakhshad la fidin karo oo leh heerar kala sareyn lagu qeexay sida Saldhigga Macluumaadka Maareynta^{(Management Information Base)} ( MIB ) ee adeegsada agab-sheegayaasha ( OIDs ) maamulka shabakada. Inta badan waxaa lagu qeexaa qaabka xogta is dhaafsiga ee qaabka maamulka SNMP . Mid kasta oo ka mid ah server-yada shabakadu wuxuu leeyahay faylal MIB kuwaas oo la waydiiyo si ay u ururiyaan xogta la socodka.

SNMP OID: OID aka Aqoonsiga Shayga^{(Object Identifiers)} waxa lagu habeeyay xogta MIB qaab dhismeed geed halkaas oo sifada la maarayn karo ee dhammaan alaabadu ay joogaan.

Noocyada SNMP

Asal ahaan waxa jira saddex nooc oo SNMP ah oo kala ah:

1. SNMPv1: Nuqulkii^(SNMPv1:) ugu horreeyay ee borotokoolka SNMP ee lagu qeexay RFC 1155 iyo 1157.
2. SNMPv2c: Kani waa nooca la xoojiyey waxaana lagu qeexay RFC 1901 , RFC 1905 , iyo RFC 1906 .
3. SNMPv3: Nuqulkii^(SNMPv3:) ugu dambeeyay ee SNMP ilaa hadda kaas oo sidoo kale kor u qaada qaabaynta fog ee hay’adaha SNMP . Waa nooca ugu amniga badan ilaa hadda waxaana lagu qeexay RFC 1905 , RFC 1906 , RFC 2571 , RFC 2572 , RFC 2574 , iyo RFC 2575 .

Aasaaska Talisyada SNMP

Waa kuwan amarrada SNMP ee ugu waaweyn ee loo adeegsaday qaabka maamulka shabakadda”

• GET: Maareeyaha SNMP wuxuu u soo diraa codsiyada GET aaladaha la maamulay si ay u helaan hal ama in ka badan.
• XIGASHO:^{(GET NEXT:)} Amarkan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro qiimaha xiga ee OID ee geedka MIB
• HEL BULK:^{(GET BULK:)} Amarkan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu weydiiyo oo laga soo saaro xogta badan miiska MIB weyn.^(MIB)
• SET: Si loo tafatiro ama loogu daro qiyamka aaladaha la maamulo, amarkan waxaa isticmaala maareeyayaasha SNMP .
• dabinka:^(TRAPS:) Amarka noocaan ah waxaa bilaabay wakiilka SNMP si uu fariin ugu diro maamulaha SNMP marka ay dhacdooyinku dhacaan.
• XOG:^(INFORM:) Amar kale oo uu bilaabay wakiilka SNMP oo ay ku jiraan xaqiijinta marka maareeyaha ^(SNMP)SNMP helo fariinta.
• JAWAAB:^{(RESPONSE: )} Amarkani waxa uu dib u celinayaa qiyamka ama calaamada ficilada uu faray maareeyaha SNMP .

Ururada IT-ga waxay isticmaali karaan software-ka kormeerka SNMP sida PRTG Network Monitor ama Spiceworks Network Monitor si ay u maamulaan oo ay ula socdaan aaladaha isku xirka iyo tirakoobka waxqabadka. Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah isticmaalka caadiga ah ee qalabka la socodka SNMP :

• Waxa loo istcmaalaa in lagu ogaado, maareeyo, habeeyo, oo lagula socdo aaladaha shabakada ee ururka.
• Waxay awood u siinaysaa muuqaalka dhammaystiran ee waxqabadka aaladaha shabakadda.
• Falanqee^(Analyze) tirokoobyada kala duwan iyo macluumaadka aaladaha shabakadaha ku xidhan sida isku xidhka, helitaanka, waxqabadka, xadhkaha xadhkaha goosha, taraafikada, garaafyada isticmaalka shabakada, iyo in ka badan.
• Waxay u ogolaataa in la dejiyo xadka marinka isticmaalka shabakada.
• Waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa inaad kiciso digniinaha haddii laga reebo ama iswaafaqla'aan.

Hadda, aan eegno sida aad u rakibi karto oo aad awood ugu yeelan karto adeegga SNMP ka dibna u habeyn karto Windows 10 .

Sida loo rakibo oo loo suurtogeliyo adeegga SNMP gudaha Windows 11/10

SNMP waxay ahaan jirtay sifo hore loogu rakibay noocyadii hore ee Windows . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, SNMP hadda waxaa loo arkaa mid dhacday waxaana laga dhigay Feature / Feature on Demand ( FOD ) gudaha Windows 10 nooca 1809 iyo ka dib. Daaqadaha hadda waxay ku talinayaan isticmaalka Modelka Macluumaadka Guud^{(Common Information Model)} ( CIM ) kaas oo ay taageerto Maaraynta Fog ee Windows^{(Windows Remote Management)} .

Kuwii ugu dambeeyay Windows 10 waxay dhistaa, SNMP waa lagu rakibi karaa oo lagu dayn karaa abka Settings iyadoo la adeegsanayo ikhtiyaarka sifooyinka ikhtiyaarka ah.

Waa kuwan tillaabooyinka lagu suurtagelinayo laguna habeynayo SNMP gudaha Windows 10 iyadoo la adeegsanayo Settings:

1. Guji furaha furaha Windows + I si aad u furto abka Settings.
2. Aad qaybta Apps oo u gudub Apps & sifooyinka tab.
3. Taabo badhanka sifooyinka Ikhtiyaarka ah.^(Optional)
4. Bogga cusub, dhagsii badhanka sifada ku dar^(Add) .
5. Hoos^(Scroll) ugu dhaadhac Hab-maamuuska Maamulka Shabakadda Fudud^{(Simple Network Management Protocol)} ( SNMP ) oo dooro.
6. Riix badhanka Ku rakib^(Install) si aad awood ugu siiso SNMP PC gaaga.

Waxa kale oo aad isticmaali kartaa Control Panel si aad ^{(Control Panel)}SNMP ugu suurtogeliso kombayutarkaaga haddii aad isticmaasho mid ka da' weyn Windows 10 dhis ama xataa Windows 8.

Kaliya^(Simply) u isticmaal tillaabooyinka soo socda taas:

1. Fur adigoo^(Run) isticmaalaya Windows + R oo geli "control panel" oo taabo Gelida^(Enter) .
2. Tag Programs and Features ka dibna ku dhufo daar ama dami ikhtiyaarka Windows .^{(Turn Windows)}
3. Liiska Tilmaamaha Daaqadaha^{(Windows Features)} , dooro Hab-maamuuska Maamulka Shabakadda fudud^{(Simple Network Management Protocol)} ( SNMP ) oo tabo OK si aad ugu rakibto.

Sida loo habeeyo adeegga SNMP gudaha ^(SNMP)Windows 10

Ka dib marka la rakibo, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku rakibto adeegga SNMP Windows 10 . Waxa jira laba adeeg oo SNMP ah oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• Adeegga SNMP^{(SNMP Service)} – adeegga ugu muhiimsan ee lagula socdo laguna diro macluumaadka
• SNMP Trap – si aad u hesho fariimaha dabinka ee wakiilada SNMP una gudbiso software maamulka SNMP .

Adeegyadan waa in si toos ah loo bilaabo ka dib rakibidda SNMP . Waxaad kuwan ka hubin kartaa oo ka habayn kartaa Maamulaha Adeegyada^{(Services Manager)} . Si fudud u fur adeega abka^{(open the Services app)} adigoo riixaya Windows + R hotkey si aad u kiciso Run dialog oo aad geliso " services.msc ". Daaqada Adeegyada^(Servies) , hoos ugu dhaadhac adeegga SNMP ee ku jira liiska oo arag haddii uu socdo iyo in kale. Haddii aanay soconayn, si fudud guji badhanka Start si aad u bilowdo adeega SNMP . Sidoo kale, u deji nooca bilawga ah si toos ah^(Automatic) .

Waxa kale oo aad samayn kartaa adeegyo kala duwan oo SNMP ah oo ay ku jiraan Agent, Security, iwm. Kaliya^(Just) midigta ku dhufo adeega SNMP oo dooro ikhtiyaarka Guryaha^(Properties) .

Daaqadda Guryaha, aad tabka Wakiilka^{( Agent)} halkaas oo aad ku habayn karto xogta wakiilka SNMP . Waxaad ku dari kartaa xiriirka^(contact) iyo tafaasiisha goobta^(location) si aad u qeexdo magaca isticmaalaha ama maamulaha iyo goobta jireed ee kombiyuutarka. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaad awood u yeelan kartaa ama joojin kartaa shan adeeg oo ka mid ah liiska aad ka hesho xogta la socodka oo u dir qalabka la socodka. Adeegyadan waxaa ka mid ah Physical, Applications, Datalink iyo subnetwork, Internet,^{(Physical, Applications, Datalink and subnetwork, Internet,)} iyo End-to-end .

Si loo habeeyo qaar ka mid ah goobaha la xidhiidha amniga ee server-yada SNMP ee kala duwan , waxaad aadi kartaa tabka Amniga^(Security) ee daaqada Guryaha . ^(Properties)Liiska magacyada beesha ee la aqbalay^(Accepted) , waxaad ku arki kartaa oo ku dari kartaa martigaliyayaasha SNMP kuwaas oo loo xaqiijiyay dirida codsiyada SNMP . Si aad bulsho ugu darto, dhagsii badhanka ku dar^(Add) oo ku qor magaca beesha. Waxaad bixin kartaa Midna, Ogeysiis, AKHRISO KALIYA, QORAAL,^{(None, Notify, READ ONLY, READ WRITE,)} ama AKHRISO ABUUR^{( READ CREATE)} gelitaan bulsho gaar ah.

Waxaad ku dari kartaa liis ah server-yada la socodka SNMP oo wata ciwaanada IP-ga ee liiska Aqbal xidhmooyinka SNMP ee martigeliyayaashan^{( Accept SNMP packets from these hosts)} . Tani waa in lagu qeexo server-yada laga aqbalay xirmooyinka SNMP . Haddii aad awood u yeelatid Aqbal baakooyinka SNMP ikhtiyaar kasta oo martigeliyaha ah, wax xaddidaad ah oo IP ah laguma fulin doono wakiilka SNMP si uu u helo xidhmooyinka SNMP^(SNMP) . Doorashadani maaha mid badbaado leh oo markaa laguma talinayo kombiyuutarada dadweynaha.

Maamulka IT-gu waxay sii habayn karaan qaar ka mid ah goobaha kale ee la xidhiidha SNMP waxayna la socdaan dhammaan aaladaha isku xidhka ee ku xidhan iyagoo isticmaalaya software iyo agabka maamulka SNMP .

Waxaan rajeyneynaa, maqaalkani wuxuu kaa caawiyay inaad barato borotokoolka SNMP iyo sida aad awood ugu yeelan karto una habayn karto adeegga SNMP Windows 10 .

Hadda akhri: ^{(Now read: )}Free Network and Internet Traffic Monitor Tools for Windows 11/10.

How to enable and configure SNMP service in Windows

In thiѕ article, we are going to discusѕ what is SNMP and how to install or enable and configure SNMP service in Windows 10. SNMP which stands for Simple Network Management Protocol is a standard internet protocol that is used to govern and manage communication amongst multiple networking devices connected over an IP. It enables organizations to monitor different networking devices including routers, workstations, modems, switches, servers, printers, etc. SNMP is already configured on most of the networking devices. And, once the protocol is enabled, device performance statistics are stored.

Let us now discuss the main component of SNMP.

Main Components of SNMP

Here are the key components of an SNMP-managed environment:

SNMP manager: It is the central system that manages and monitors the SNMP network. It is also known as Network Management Station (NMS) and runs on a host on the network. The SNMP manager basically queries the SNMP agent, obtains requests,

SNMP agent: It is a software process that gives the status and statistics of a network node when it receives an SNMP query. It is an important component in SNMP management that collects, stores, and transmits monitoring data to SNMP managers.

Managed Devices: These devices include all SNMP-enabled networking devices that you want to monitor, such as printers, routers, wireless devices, etc.

SNMP MIB: SNMP uses an extensible design with hierarchies defined as Management Information Base (MIB) that uses object identifiers (OIDs) network entity management. It is mainly defined as the format of information exchange in an SNMP management model. Each of the network servers has MIB files that are queried to collect monitoring data.

SNMP OID: OID aka Object Identifiers are organized in the MIB database in a tree structure where manageable features of all products are present.

SNMP Versions

There are basically three versions of SNMP that are:

1. SNMPv1: The first version of SNMP protocol that is defined in RFC 1155 and 1157.
2. SNMPv2c: This is the enhanced version and is defined in RFC 1901, RFC 1905, and RFC 1906.
3. SNMPv3: The last version of SNMP as of now that also promotes remote configuration of SNMP entities. It is the most secure version as of yet and is defined in RFC 1905, RFC 1906, RFC 2571, RFC 2572, RFC 2574, and RFC 2575.

Basic SNMP Commands

Here are the main SNMP commands used in the network management model”

• GET: The SNMP manager sends GET requests to the managed devices to receive one or more values.
• GET NEXT: This command is used to retrieve the next OID value in the MIB tree
• GET BULK: This command is used to query and retrieve bulk data from a large MIB table.
• SET: To edit or add values of managed devices, this command is used by SNMP managers.
• TRAPS: Such command is started by an SNMP agent to send a signal to the SNMP manager when events occur.
• INFORM: Another command initiated by SNMP agent including a confirmation when SNMP manager receives the message.
• RESPONSE: This command carries back the values or signal of actions directed by the SNMP manager.

IT organizations can use dedicated SNMP monitoring software like PRTG Network Monitor or Spiceworks Network Monitor to manage and monitor networking devices and performance statistics. Here are some common uses of an SNMP monitoring tool:

• It is used to discover, manage, organize, and monitor network devices in an organization.
• It enables complete visibility of the performance of network devices.
• Analyze various statistics and information of connected network devices like connectivity, availability, performance, bandwidth, traffic, network usage graphs, and more.
• It allows to set up threshold limits for network usage.
• It lets you trigger alerts in case of exceptions or inconsistencies.

Now, let us check out how you can install and enable SNMP service and then configure it on Windows 10.

How to install and enable SNMP service in Windows 11/10

SNMP used to be a preinstalled feature in earlier versions of Windows. However, SNMP is now considered deprecated and is made an Optional Feature/ Feature on Demand (FOD) in Windows 10 version 1809 and later. Windows now recommend using Common Information Model (CIM) that is supported by Windows Remote Management.

In the latest Windows 10 builds, SNMP can be installed and enabled via the Settings app using the optional features option.

Here are the steps to enable and configure SNMP in Windows 10 using Settings:

1. Click Windows + I hotkey to open the Settings App.
2. Go to the Apps category and move to Apps & features tab.
3. Tap on the Optional features button.
4. On the new page, click on the Add a feature button.
5. Scroll down to Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and select it.
6. Press the Install button to enable SNMP on your PC.

You can also use Control Panel to enable SNMP on your computer if you use an older Windows 10 build or even Windows 8.

Simply use the following steps for that:

1. Open Run using Windows + R and enter “control panel” in it and press Enter.
2. Go to the Programs and Features and then click on the Turn Windows features on or off option.
3. In the Windows Features list, select Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and press OK to install it.

How to configure SNMP service in Windows 10

After installing, you need to configure the SNMP service in Windows 10. There are two main SNMP services that include:

• SNMP Service – main service to monitor and send information
• SNMP Trap – to receive trap messages from SNMP agents and forward them to SNMP management software.

These services must be started automatically after SNMP installation. You can check and configure these from the Services Manager. Simply open the Services app by pressing Windows + R hotkey to evoke Run dialog and entering “services.msc” in it. In the Servies window, scroll down to the SNMP service in the list and see if it is running or not. If it is not running, simply click the Start button to start the SNMP service. Also, set its startup type to Automatic.

You can further set up various SNMP service properties including Agent, Security, etc. Just right-click on the SNMP service and select the Properties option.

In the Properties window, go to the Agent tab where you can configure the SNMP agent information. You can add contact and location details to specify the user or administrator’s contact name and physical location of the computer. Furthermore, you can enable or disable five services from the list from which you receive monitoring data and send it to the monitoring device. These services include Physical, Applications, Datalink and subnetwork, Internet, and End-to-end.

To configure some security-related settings for different SNMP servers, you can go to the Security tab in the Properties window. In the Accepted community names list, you can view and add SNMP hosts that are authenticated for sending SNMP requests. To add a community, click on the Add button and type the community name. You can provide None, Notify, READ ONLY, READ WRITE, or READ CREATE access to a particular community.

You can add a list of SNMP monitoring servers with IP addresses in the list of Accept SNMP packets from these hosts. This is to specify the servers from which SNMP packets are accepted. In case you enable Accept SNMP packets from any host option, no IP restrictions will be enforced on the SNMP agent to receive SNMP packets. This option is not safe and hence is not recommended on public computers.

IT admins can further configure some other settings related to SNMP and monitor all connected networking devices using SNMP management software and tools.

Hopefully, this article helped you learn about SNMP protocol and how you can enable and configure SNMP service in Windows 10.

Now read: Free Network and Internet Traffic Monitor Tools for Windows 11/10.

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