Faylka martida loo yahay waa fayl qoraal ku salaysan oo ku yaal meel isku mid ah dhammaan noocyada casriga ah ee Windows . Dadka intooda badan weligood uma baahna inay galaan, laakiin haddii aad sameyso, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad ogaato sida loo furo oo loo tafatiro faylka martida loo yahay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, noocyada qaarkood ee Windows , si toos ah u tafatirka faylka martida looma ogola. Dhab ahaantii, waxaad heli doontaa qalad haddii aad isku daydo inaad kaydiso isbeddellada. Nasiib wanaag, waxaa jira tilmaan fudud oo aad isticmaali karto si aad u saxdo faylka martida loo yahay Windows 10 , 8, 7, Vista , ama XP.

Muxuu Qabaa Faylka Martigaliyayaasha?^{(What Does The Hosts File Do?)}

Ujeedada faylka martida loo yahay wuxuu ahaa asal ahaan waxa ay DNS server-yada^{(DNS servers)} hadda sameeyaan - map friendly domain names to unfriend IP addresses .

Aad ayey uga fududahay in la xasuusto magac domain sida YouTube.com marka loo eego ciwaanka IP sida 172.217.1.238 . Halkii aad ku qori lahayd ciwaanka IP-ga baarka ciwaanka mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad daawato fiidiyowyada YouTube , waxaad gali kartaa oo kaliya magaca domain, iyo server-ka DNS ee aaladdaadu isticmaaleyso ayaa magaca ku dhejin doonta ciwaanka saxda ah si aad u hesho webpage aad u fudud.

Faylka martida loo yahay, maadaama ay u adeegto nooc ka mid ah server-ka DNS , waxay u shaqeysaa si la mid ah. Waxaad geli kartaa ciwaanka IP-ga kaas oo ah in magaca domain la xalliyo. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, waxaad ku amri kartaa kombuyuutarkaaga inuu ku shubo ciwaan IP ka duwan kan server-ka DNS , asal ahaan kuu ogolaanaya inaad sameyso dhowr waxyaalood oo qabow.

Waa maxay sababta loo tafatiro faylka martida loo yahay?^{(Why Edit The Hosts File?)}

Mid ka mid ah sababaha aad u tafatirto faylka martida loo yahay waa haddii aad rabto hab aasaasi ah oo heer sare ah oo aad uga joojin karto boggaga internetka inay ku shubaan kumbuyuutarkaaga^{(block websites from loading on your computer)} . Geli^(Enter) ciwaanka IP-ga aan saxda ahayn ama khaldan ee goobta aad rabto inaad xannibto, mar kasta oo aad isku daydo inaad gasho, faylka martida loo yahay ayaa ku shubi doona ciwaanka IP-ga ee aad dooratay. Iyada oo ku xidhan waxa aad dooratay, waxa laga yaabaa in ay gebi ahaanba xannibto mareegaha^{(ompletely block the website)} .

Waxaad isticmaali kartaa isla farsamadan si aad uga dhigto faylka martida loo yahay inay xannibaan goobaha xaasidnimada leh. Xitaa waxaa jira liisaska gelitaanka faylka martida loo yahay ( sida kan^{(such as this one)} ) waxaad soo dejisan kartaa oo aad soo dejin kartaa faylkaaga martida loo yahay si aad u xannibto boqolaal goobood ama xayeysiisyo xaasidnimo leh.

Isticmaalka kale ee faylka martida loo yahay waa in la dedejiyo daalacashadaada shabakadda^{(speed up your web browsing)} . Haddii server-ka DNS ee aad isticmaalayso uu hoos u dhaco ama uusan si dhakhso ah u shaqeynin, adigoo gacanta ku galaya cinwaanka IP-ga iyo khariidadaha magac domain ee faylka martidaada ayaa u ogolaanaya kombuyuutarkaaga inuu helo ciwaannadaas isla markiiba halkii aad ku tiirsanaan lahayd server-ka DNS .

Talo^(Tip) : Baro sida loo isticmaalo server ka duwan DNS^{(how to use alternate DNS servers)} si aad u hesho internet degdeg ah.

Goobta Faylka ee Martigeliyaha Windows^{(Windows Hosts File Location)}

Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ogaato meesha aad aadi karto si aad u hesho faylka martida loo yahay ka hor inta aanad u furin tafatirka. Tani waa goobta faylka martida loo yahay ee Windows 10 iyada oo loo marayo Windows XP :

C:\Windows\system32\drivers\etc

Sida Loo Tafatiro File Hosts^{(How To Edit The Hosts File)}

Faylka martida loo yahay waa fayl qoraal ah, taasoo la macno ah inaad u baahan tahay tafatire qoraal ah si aad isbeddel ugu samayso. Si kastaba ha noqotee, maadaama faylka martida loo yahay uu yahay mid aasaasi ah oo aan u baahnayn inuu wax ka qabto hyperlinks, sawirada, iwm., waxaad isticmaali kartaa tifaftiraha qoraalka aasaasiga ah (ie, looma baahna in la isticmaalo tifaftire buuxa sida Microsoft Word ).

Furitaanka faylka martida loo yahay^{(Opening The Hosts File)}

Aan ku bilowno si fudud u furitaanka^(opening) faylka martida loo yahay. Waxaan isticmaali doonaa Notepad , kaas oo lagu dhex dhisay Windows 10 hoos iyada oo loo marayo Windows XP .

• Fur sanduuqa wada hadalka Run adiga oo hoos haya furaha Windows ka dibna taabo R hal mar.
• Ku qor notepad ka dibna taabo Gelida^(Enter) si aad u furto barnaamijka.

• Tag Faylka^{(File )} > Fur^(Open) .
• Sanduuqa qoraalka magaca faylka ee hoose, ku qor (ama koobiy oo dheji) goobta faylka martida loo yahay ee kor ku xusan ka dibna tabo Gelida^(Enter) .

• Dooro liiska ku yaal dhanka midig ee sanduuqa qoraalka si aad u bedesho Text Documents (*.txt) una beddelo All Files (*) .

• Laba jeer-guji kooxda martida^(hosts) loo yahay liiska faylalka si aad u furto faylka martida loo yahay si loogu tafatiro Notepad^(Notepad) .

Tafatirka faylka martida loo yahay^{(Editing The Hosts File)}

Waxaa jira dhawr tusaale oo ku jira faylka martida loo yahay si ay kuu tusaan sida loo qaabeeyo galitaankaaga. Waa inaad marka hore gelisaa ciwaanka IP-ga oo ay ku xigto magaca domain-ka, labadana waa in la kala saaraa ugu yaraan hal meel ( tab waa hab wanaagsan oo loo qaabeeyo).

Waa kuwan tusaalayaal:

127.0.0.1 www.google.com
13.249.79.104 www.bing.com

Sida aad ka arki karto sawirka kore oo aad ka akhrido tilmaamaha ku jira faylka martida loo yahay, # calaamadda waxaa loo adeegsadaa faallo ahaan, taasoo la macno ah in wax kasta oo raacaya laga fogaado. Tani waa sababta labada tusaale ee aan kor ku bixinayno ay faa'iido u leeyihiin faylkan martida loo yahay; laguma daba socdo astaantaas.

La Xiriira^(Related) : Wax ka beddel faylka martida loo yahay si loogu daro Raadinta DNS Maxalliga ah^{(Edit Hosts File to Add Local DNS Lookup)}

Haddii aad rabto inaad xannibto shabakadaha leh faylka martida loo yahay^{(block websites with the hosts file)} , sida YouTube , Amazon , Google , Reddit.com , iwm, waxaad geli kartaa ciwaanka IP-ga beenta ah sida 0.0.0.0 .

Fiiro gaar^(Note) ah: Markaad gasho URL -ka goobta aad rabto inaad ku xidho ciwaanka IP-ga gaarka ah, hubi inaad ka saarto qaybta bilawga oo kaliya ku qor subdomain-ka, sida www ama wax kasta oo ku dhaca goobta aad ku darayso.

Kaydinta faylka martida loo yahay^{(Saving The Hosts File)}

Waa kuwan sida aan u keydin karno faylka martida loo yahay si aan u hubinno inuu shaqeeyo si kasta oo ay tahay nidaamka hawlgalka aad isticmaasho, tafatiraha qoraalka ee aad dooratay, ama sida dejimahaaga Windows loo habeeyey:^(Windows)

• Tag Faylka^{(File )} > Keydi sidii^{(Save As)} .
• U beddelo ikhtiyaarka kaydinta sida nooca oo kale una beddel ^{(Save as type)}All Files (*) .
• Dib ugu magacaw faylka hosts.backupfile , ka dibna ku keydi miiskaaga.

• Xir Notepad^{(Close Notepad)} ka dibna hel faylka martida loo yahay ee aad hadda ku abuurtay desktop-ka. Waxaad rabtaa inaad tirtirto . Kayd magaca^(backupfile) qayb ka mid ah oo ka tag kaliya martida loo yahay^(hosts) (oo aan lahayn xilli ama qoraal ereyga ka dambeeya).

• Ka dib markaad taas sameyso, guji meel ka fog faylka oo aad shay kale oo miiska saaran, oo xaqiiji magaca beddelka marka lagu weydiiyo.
• Nuqul ka samee faylka martida loo yahay
• Fur goobta faylka martida loo yahay ee aad hore u furnayd (galka iwm^(etc) ).
• Ku dheji faylka martida loo yahay ee aad ka soo minguurisay miiska, oo xaqiiji wixii ku soo dadajin ah haddii aad aragto.

How to Edit the Hosts File in Windows

The hosts file is a text-based fіle located іn the same place in all modern Windоws versions. Most people don’t ever need to get into it, but if you do, yоu’ll need tо know how to oрen and edit the hosts file.

However, in some versions of Windows, editing the hosts file directly isn’t allowed. In fact, you’ll get an error if you try to save the changes. Fortunately, there’s a simple tip you can use to edit the hosts file in Windows 10, 8, 7, Vista, or XP.

What Does The Hosts File Do?

The purpose of the hosts file was originally to be what DNS servers do now – map friendly domain names to unfriendly IP addresses.

It’s much easier to remember a domain name like YouTube.com than an IP address like 172.217.1.238. Instead of having to type the IP address into the address bar each time you want to watch YouTube videos, you can just enter the domain name, and the DNS server your device is using will map the name to the right address so you can get to the webpage a lot easier.

The hosts file, since it serves as a sort of DNS server, works the same way. You can enter an IP address that a domain name should be resolved to. In other words, you could order your computer to load a different IP address than the DNS server would, essentially letting you do a few cool things.

Why Edit The Hosts File?

One reason to edit the hosts file is if you want a super basic way to block websites from loading on your computer. Enter an invalid or wrong IP address for the site you want to block, and each time you try accessing it, the hosts file will load the IP address you chose. Depending on what you picked, it might completely block the website.

You can use the same technique to make the hosts file block malicious sites. There are even lists of hosts file entries (such as this one) you can download and import into your hosts file to block hundreds of malicious sites or ads.

Another use for the hosts file is to speed up your web browsing. If the DNS server you’re using is down or not working quickly enough, manually entering the IP address and domain name mappings in your hosts file lets your computer find those addresses nearly instantly instead of relying on the DNS server.

Tip: Learn how to use alternate DNS servers to get faster internet access.

Windows Hosts File Location

You need to know where to go to find the hosts file before you can open it for editing. This is the hosts file location in Windows 10 through Windows XP:

C:\Windows\system32\drivers\etc

How To Edit The Hosts File

The hosts file is a text file, meaning that you need a text editor to make changes to it. However, since the hosts file is super basic and doesn’t need to deal with hyperlinks, images, etc., you can use a basic text editor (i.e., there’s no need to use a full-fledged editor like Microsoft Word).

Opening The Hosts File

Let’s start with simply opening the hosts file. We’ll use Notepad, which is built into Windows 10 down through Windows XP.

• Open the Run dialog box by holding down the Windows key and then pressing R once.
• Type notepad and then press Enter to open the program.

• Go to File > Open.
• In the file name text box at the bottom, type (or copy and paste) the hosts file location shown above and then press Enter.

• Select the menu to the right of the text box to change Text Documents (*.txt) to All Files (*).

• Double-click hosts from the list of files to open the hosts file for editing in Notepad.

Editing The Hosts File

There are a few examples in the hosts file to show you how to format your entries. You have to put the IP address first followed by the domain name, and the two have to be separated by at least one space (a tab is a good way to format them).

Here are some examples:

127.0.0.1      www.google.com
13.249.79.104  www.bing.com

As you can see in the image above and read from the directions in the hosts file, the # symbol is used as a comment, meaning that anything that follows it is avoided. This is why the two example lines we give above are useful in this hosts file; they’re not being followed by that symbol.

Related: Edit Hosts File to Add Local DNS Lookup

If you want to block websites with the hosts file, such as YouTube, Amazon, Google, Reddit.com, etc., you can enter a false IP address like 0.0.0.0.

Note: When you enter the URL of the site you want to associate with a specific IP address, be sure to exclude the beginning part and only type the subdomain, such as www or whatever it happens to be for the site you’re adding.

Saving The Hosts File

Here’s how we’ll save the hosts file to make sure it works no matter which operating system you use, which text editor you picked, or how your Windows settings are configured:

• Go to File > Save As.
• Change the Save as type option to All Files (*).
• Rename the file to hosts.backupfile, and then save it to your desktop.

• Close Notepad and then find the hosts file you just created on the desktop. You want to delete the .backupfile part of the name and leave only hosts (with no period or text after the word).

• After you do that, click away from the file to something else on the desktop, and confirm the name change when asked.
• Copy the hosts file.
• Open the hosts file location you had open before (the etc folder).
• Paste the hosts file you copied from the desktop, and confirm any overwrite prompts if you see them.

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