Mid ka mid ah hagaajinta ugu adag ee isticmaalayaasha ka beddelaya Windows una beddela Linux^(Linux) waa fikradda ah in qayb kasta oo software ah oo aad rabto inaad ku rakibto aanay diyaar kuu ahayn. Si ka duwan isticmaaleyaasha Windows -ka , kuwaas oo (xaaladaha badankooda) hel software hore loogu baakeeyay rakibaha EXE ama faylka ZIP , isticmaaleyaasha ^(ZIP)Linux inta badan waa inay ururiyaan xidhmooyinkooda softiweerka ah.

Haddii aad rabto inaad ogaato sida loo ururiyo xirmooyinka software Linux , waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad raacdo dhowr tillaabo. Waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad soo dejiso koodhka isha, socodsii amarka qaabaynta, rakibo baakadaha ku-tiirsanaanta loo baahan yahay, ka dibna socodsii amarka samaynta si aad u bilowdo ururinta xidhmadaada. Waa kan sida kuwan oo dhan loogu sameeyo nidaamka hawlgalka Linux ku salaysan.

Soo dejinta Isha Galalka^{(Downloading Source Files)}

Kahor intaadan bilaabin dhisida xirmooyinka software-kaaga cusub, waxaad u baahan tahay koodhka isha. Tani waxay ka iman kartaa xirmo aad adigu samaysay, taas oo ay tahay inaad mar hore gasho koodhka isha.

Waxay u badan tahay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, inaad isku dayayso inaad ku ururiso xirmo software Linux ka soo-saare kale. Goobaha code ee caanka ah sida Github waxay kuu oggolaanayaan inaad aragto oo soo dejiso koodhka isha^{(view and download the source code)} ee xirmooyinka, kaas oo aad markaa ururin karto. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa GIT , nidaamka xakamaynta nooca caanka ah, si aad u soo dejiso faylasha isha kombuyutarkaaga.

Waxa kale oo aad kala soo bixi kartaa koodhka isha mashaariicda il furan sida VLC si toos ah. Kuwani badanaa waxay ku yimaadaan qaab faylal ah oo^{(compressed file format)} la isku dhejiyay sida TAR.GZ , oo aad ka soo saari karto terminalka adoo isticmaalaya amarka daamurka^(tar) . Tusaale ahaan, socodsiinta amarka tar -xzvf source.tar.gz waxay soo saari doontaa faylka daaarka ee loo yaqaan source.tar.gz .

Marka aad hesho koodhka isha ee la heli karo oo laga soo saaray kombuyutarkaaga Linux , waxaad u gudbi kartaa heerka xiga ee diyaarinta ka hor intaadan bilaabin ururinta xirmadaada.

Ku Rakibaadda Wax-Dhismaha Muhiimka ah ee Linux^{(Installing Build-Essential On Linux)}

Qalabka iyo software-ka ku jira xirmada muhiimka^{(build-essential)} ah ayaa looga baahan yahay nooc kasta oo software ah oo lagu aruurinayo nidaamyada hawlgalka Linux , iyadoon loo eegin luqadda barnaamijka ee koodhka ishaada. 

Xirmo lama huraan ah ahaan, dhis-muhiim u ah (ama xirmooyinka la midka ah ee la magacaabay) waa in laga helaa kaydka software-ka ee qaybintaada Linux . U dhigma dhisidda-muhiimka u ah qaybinta Arch Linux -ku- saleysan waxaa loo yaqaan saldhigga-devel^(base-devel) , oo ay ku jiraan kuwo badan oo isku mid ah.

Tilmaamaha rakibaadda ee dhismaha-muhiimka ah sidoo kale way kala duwanaan doonaan, iyadoo ku xidhan qaybinta Linux . Tusaale ahaan, Ubuntu iyo nidaamyada hawlgalka ku salaysan ee Debian, waxaad ku rakibi kartaa dhismaha muhiimka ah adoo furaya daaqad terminal oo aad ku qorto sudo apt install build-esential^{(sudo apt install build-essential)} .

Ku rakibida dhismaha-muhiimka ah waxay sidoo kale rakibi doontaa ku-tiirsanaanta, sida xirmada g++Marka habkani dhamaado, waxaad u dhaqaaqi kartaa habaynta xidhmada isha Linux ka hor inta aanad ururin.

Orod The Configure Command^{(Run The Configure Command)}

Koodhka isha ee xirmooyinka waaweyn ayaa badanaa ka kooban qoraal habayn^(configure) . Ku socodsiinta qoraalkan waxay hubin doontaa qaybinta Linux -kaaga xirmooyinka muhiimka ah ee koodhka ishaagu u baahan yahay inuu si sax ah u ururiyo.

Si aad u socodsiiso qoraalka habaynta, geli galka koodhka ishaada ee la soo saaray adoo isticmaalaya amarka cd . Halkaas, ku qor ./configure galay terminalka, riix enter si aad u ordo.

Haddii qoraalka habayntu ogaado xirmo maqan, waxay kuu sheegi doontaa waxaad samaynayso dhammaadka qoraalka. Tusaale ahaan, ka hor inta aan la ururin ciyaartoyga warbaahinta VLC , qoraalka habaynta ee lagu muujiyay kor ayaa lagu ogaaday in luuqadda barnaamijka Lua aan la rakibin.

Xaaladaha qaarkood, weli waad ururin kartaa oo aad habayn kartaa xidhmooyinka software-ka, xitaa haddii qoraalka habayntu uu ogaaday xirmo ama sifo maqan. Qoraalka qaabeynta ee VLC (ee kor lagu muujiyey) ayaa soo bandhigtay xalka xirmooyinka Lua ee ka maqan barnaamijka adiga oo kuu soo jeedinaya inaad mar kale ku socodsiiso calanka -disable-lua si aad uga gudubto.

Waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad ku rakibto baakado kasta oo maqan oo qoraalka habayntu uu ogaaday ama isticmaal wax kasta oo la soo jeediyay gab calanka si aad uga gudubto khaladaadkan ka hor intaadan sii wadin.

Haddii qoraalka habayntu uu dhammaysto iyada oo aan lahayn (ama kaliya) khaladaad yar, makefile -ka habaysan ee xirmadaada ayaa la abuuri doonaa. Tani waxay abuurtaa tilmaanta lagu ururinayo xirmadaada, taasoo kuu ogolaanaysa inaad u gudubto heerka ugu dambeeya ee software ururinta. 

Ku rakib Xirmooyinka Ku-tiirsanaanta Maqan^{(Install Missing Dependency Packages)}

Qoraalka habaynta ayaa si waxtar leh u tilmaamaya baakado kasta oo qaybinta Linux u baahan tahay si ay u awooddo in ay si sax ah u ururiso oo u rakibto xirmadaada software cusub.

Kuwaas waxaa laga yaabaa in si cad loo garto fariinta qaladka qoraalka qaabaynta ama dib loogu noqdo habka socodsiinta qoraalkaas. Haddii fariinta khaladku aanay si cad u sheegin, dib ugu rog taariikhdaada dhamaadka si aad isku daydo oo aad u aqoonsato xidhmada maqan.

Markaad ogaato waxa ay tahay xirmada maqan, isticmaal rakibaha xirmada qaybinta Linux si aad ugu rakibto. Tusaale ahaan, Ubuntu iyo nidaamyada hawlgalka ku salaysan ee Debian, socodsiinta sudo apt install xirmo-magaca^{(sudo apt install package-name)} ayaa rakibi doona xirmo.

Rakibaadda wax ku tiirsanaanta maqan waa marxaladda ugu dambeysa ee aad u baahan tahay inaad dhammaystirto ka hor intaadan bilaabin ururinta iyo rakibidda xirmadaada cusub ee software. Markaad dhammayso hawshan, waxaad diyaar u tahay inaad bilowdo ururinta.

Sida loo ururiyo Linux^{(How to Compile on Linux)}

Xirmada muhiimka^{(build-essential)} ah waxay ka kooban tahay samaynta^(make) , aaladda tooska ah ee loo isticmaalo in lagu bilaabo ururinta koodhka ishaada ee software-ka oo aad ku shaqayn karto PC-gaaga. Waxay isticmaashaa faylka makefile , habeeyay oo ay abuurtay amarkii hore ee habaynta^(configure) , kaas oo ka kooban tilmaamaha gaarka ah ee loo baahan yahay si loo ururiyo xirmadaada.

Si aad u bilowdo ururinta koodhka ishaada, fur terminal oo adeegso cd -ga si aad u geliso gal sax ah. Markaad diyaargarowdo, ku qor make si aad u bilowdo ururinta xirmadaada.

Tani waxay qaadan doontaa wakhti yar in la dhammaystiro, iyadoo ku xidhan xajmiga xirmada iyo ilaha nidaamka aad diyaarsan tahay. Haddii aanay wax khalad ahi soo bixin ka dib marka la ururiyo xidhmada software-kaaga, waxaad ku rakibi kartaa xidhmadaada.

Si tan loo sameeyo, ku qor sudo make install in terminalka. Xirmada waxaa lagu rakibi doonaa kombuyutarkaaga Linux , isagoo diyaar kuu ah inaad furto oo aad isticmaasho sida software kasta oo kale.

Ku Rakibaadda Software-ka Cusub Linux^{(Installing New Software On Linux)}

Ogaanshaha sida loo ururiyo xirmooyinka software Linux waxay kaa caawin kartaa inaad rakibto software aan caadi ahaan loo aqoon. Nidaamyada hawlgalka ee waaweyn sida Ubuntu iyo Devian waxay leeyihiin kayd software oo waaweyn oo ay heli karaan isticmaaleyaasha, markaa haddii aadan rabin inaad ururiso softiweerkaaga, isku day inaad raadiso oo ku rakibto softiweer cusub adigoo isticmaalaya maareeyaha xirmada.

Haddii aad ka guurayso Windows , waxa kale oo aad ku rakibi kartaa software Windows Linux^{(install Windows software on Linux)} si aad u sii isticmaasho abka Windows-keliya ee aad jeceshahay.

How To Compile Software Packages On Linux

One of the hardest adjustments for users who switch from Wіndows to Linux is the idea that not every bit of software you want to install is ready-made for you. Unlike Windows users, who (in most cases) get software pre-packaged in an EXE inѕtaller or ZIP file, Linux uѕers often haνe to compile their own software packages.

If you want to know how to compile software packages on Linux, you’ll need to follow a few steps. You’ll need to download the source code, run the configure command, install any required dependency packages, then run the make command to begin compiling your package. Here’s how to do all of this on a Linux-based operating system.

Downloading Source Files

Before you begin building your new software packages, you need the source code. This could be from a package that you’ve developed yourself, in which case you should have access to the source code already.

It’s more likely, however, that you’re attempting to compile a software package on Linux from another developer. Popular code sharing sites like Github allow you to view and download the source code for packages, which you can then compile. You can use GIT, the popular version control system, to download the source files to your PC.

You can also download the source code from open-source projects like VLC directly. These usually come in a compressed file format like TAR.GZ, which you can extract at the terminal using the tar command. For instance, running the command tar -xzvf source.tar.gz would extract a tarball file named source.tar.gz.

Once you have the source code available and extracted on your Linux PC, you can move to the next stage of preparation before you begin compiling your package.

Installing Build-Essential On Linux

The tools and software contained in the build-essential package are required for any kind of software compiling on Linux operating systems, regardless of the programming language of your source code. 

As an essential package, build-essential (or similarly named packages) should be available in the software repository for your Linux distribution. The equivalent of build-essential on Arch Linux-based distributions is called base-devel, which includes many of the same tools.

The installation instructions for build-essential will also vary, depending on your Linux distribution. For example, on Ubuntu and Debian-based operating systems, you can install build-essential by opening a terminal window and typing sudo apt install build-essential.

Installing build-essential will also install its dependencies, like the g++ package. Once this process is complete, you can move onto configuring your Linux source package before compiling it.

Run The Configure Command

The source code for major packages usually contains a configure script. Running this script will check your Linux distribution for the essential packages that your source code needs to be able to compile correctly.

To run the configure script, enter the folder for your extracted source code using the cd command. From there, type ./configure into the terminal, pressing enter to run it.

If the configure script detects a missing package, it will inform you of what to do at the end of the script. For example, before compiling the VLC media player, the configure script shown running above has detected that the Lua programming language is not installed.

In some cases, you can still compile and configure software packages, even if the configure script has detected a missing package or feature. The configure script for VLC (shown above) has offered a solution to the missing Lua programming language packages by suggesting you run it again with the –disable-lua flag to bypass it.

You’ll need to install any missing packages that the configure script has detected or use any suggested disable flags to bypass these errors before you can continue.

If the configure script has completed with no (or only minor) errors, the configured makefile for your package will be created. This creates the instructions to compile your package, allowing you to move to the final software compiling stage. 

Install Missing Dependency Packages

The configure script helpfully identifies any packages that your Linux distribution requires to be able to compile and install your new software package correctly.

These may be clearly identified by your configure script error message or further back through the process of running that script. If the error message hasn’t made it clear, scroll back through your terminal history to try and identify the missing package.

Once you know what the missing package is, use the package installer for your Linux distribution to install it. For instance, on Ubuntu and Debian-based operating systems, running sudo apt install package-name will install a package.

Installing any missing dependencies is the final stage you need to complete before you can begin compiling and installing your new software package. Once you’ve completed this process, you’re ready to begin compiling.

How to Compile on Linux

The build-essential package contains make, the automatic tool used to begin compiling your source code into software that you can run on your PC. It uses the makefile file, configured and created by the earlier configure command, which contains the specific instructions needed to compile your package.

To begin compiling your source code, open a terminal and use the cd command to enter the correct folder. When you’re ready, type make to begin compiling your package.

This will take a little bit of time to complete, depending on the size of the package and your available system resources. If no errors appear after your software package has been compiled, you can then install your package.

To do this, type sudo make install in the terminal. The package will be installed on your Linux PC, ready for you to open and use like any other software.

Installing New Software On Linux

Knowing how to compile software packages on Linux can help you install less commonly-known software. Major operating systems like Ubuntu and Devian have large software repositories available to users, so if you don’t want to compile your software, try finding and installing new software using the package manager instead.

If you’re moving from Windows, you can also install Windows software on Linux to keep using your favorite Windows-only apps.

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