Marka la eego tirakoobka, weecasho halbeeggu waa cabbirka sida loo kala firdhiyey xog ururineed marka loo eego macnaheeda. Erayada fudud, waxay kuu sheegaysaa sida "u fidsan yahay" ururinta dhibcaha xogta.

Tani waxay faa'iido u leedahay waxyaabaha ay ka midka yihiin fahamka sida buundooyinka ardaygu u kala duwan yihiin fasalka dhexdiisa, ama cabbiridda sida ballaaran ee heerkulka shay uu isu beddelayo waqti ka dib. Waxay si gaar ah kaa caawin kartaa inaad fahamto faraqa u dhexeeya labada xog-ururin ee laga yaabo inay wadaagaan isku celcelis.

Sida laba fasal oo arday ah oo leh isku celcelis guud oo aasaasiga ah, laakiin leh arday yar oo laga yaabo inay ka sii xumaadaan (ama aad uga sii wanaagsan) hal fasal oo aan ahayn kan kale. 

Xisaab ahaan, tan waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa iyadoo la qaadanayo xididka laba jibaaran ee kala duwanaanshaha xogta. Maqaalkan waxaad ku baran doontaa sida loo xisaabiyo weecanka caadiga ah ee Excel .

Isticmaalka caadiga ah ee leexashada caadiga ah

Waxaa jira habab badan oo lagu maareeyo xogta gudaha Excel^{(manipulate data in Excel)} , iyo shaqooyinka weecasho ee caadiga ah waa hal qalab oo awood badan oo aad heli karto. 

Goorma ayay dadku sida caadiga ah isticmaalaan xisaabinta weecasho ee caadiga ah? Runtii waa wax caadi ah in tan loo isticmaalo qaab falanqayn xogeed^{(a form of data analysis)} warshado badan oo kala duwan.

Tusaalayaal dhowr ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• Daraasadaha dadweynaha^{(Population studies)} : Cilmi-baarayaasha caafimaadku^(Health) ma xiisaynayaan oo kaliya inay go'aamiyaan farqiga u dhexeeya heerarka dheef-shiid kiimikaadka u dhexeeya ragga iyo dumarka, laakiin sidoo kale inta ay ku kala duwan yihiin heerarkaas labada kooxood.
• Caddaynta Sayniska^{(Scientific evidence)} : Cabbiraadyada tijaabooyinka natiijooyinka kuwaas oo ka duwan celceliska inta badan waxay muujinayaan caddayn xooggan marka loo eego cabbirada kala duwan.
• Tayada warshadaha^{(Industrial quality)} : Cabbiraadda haddii cabbirka ama tayada badeecada ka soo baxaysa xariiqda wax-soo-saarku ay kala duwan tahay waxay muujin kartaa sida wanaagsan ee mashiinku u soo saarayo badeecada iyada oo la raacayo tilmaamo la aqbali karo.
• Khatarta maaliyadeed^{(Financial risk)} : Falanqeeyayaasha saamiyadu waxay isticmaalaan leexashada caadiga ah si ay u cabbiraan inta qiimaha saamiyada^{(value of stocks)} ama hantida kale ay kala duwan yihiin, taas oo muujin karta haddii maalgashigu khatar yahay iyo in kale.

Sida loo xisaabiyo leexashada caadiga ah^{(Standard Deviation)} ee Excel

Iyadoo aan loo eegin sababta aad ugu baahan karto inaad xisaabiso weecanka caadiga ah ee xog-ururinta, Excel ayaa aad u fududaynaysa in sidaas la sameeyo.

Waxaa jira laba nooc oo weecasho caadi ah oo aad ku xisaabin karto Excel . 

• Tusaalaha weecis heerka caadiga ah^{(Sample standard deviation)} : Wuxuu adeegsadaa hal xog ururin oo laga soo qaatay muunad dad badan.
• Isbeddelka heerka dadweynaha^{(Population standard deviation)} : Wuxuu adeegsadaa dhammaan xogta xogta ee dadweynaha oo dhan.

Xaaladaha intooda badan, suurtogal maaha in la isticmaalo xogta dadkoo dhan (sida cabbiraadda heerka dheef-shiid kiimikaad ee dheddigga), markaa aad bay u badan tahay in la isticmaalo muunadda muunada weecasho ka dibna natiijooyinka guud ahaan dadka oo dhan la eego.

Lixda qaaciido ee caadiga ah ee laga heli karo Excel waxaa ka mid ah:

• STDEV.S: leexashada caadiga ah ee xog-ururinta
• STDEVA: weecasho caadiga ah ee kaydka xogta oo ay ku jiraan xarfaha qoraalka sida "Been" ama 0
• STDEV: La mid ah STDEV.S laakiin loo isticmaalo xaashida faafinta ee lagu abuuray Excel 2007 ama ka hor .

STDEV.P , STDEVPA , iyo STDEVP shaqooyinka dhamaantood waxay u qabtaan si la mid ah shaqada kore laakiin waxay ka faa'iidaystaan ​​​​datasets ka dad dhan halkii muunad.

Sida Loo Isticmaalo Shaqada STDEV.S iyo STDEV.P^{(STDEV.P Function)}

Isticmaalka hawlaha leexashada caadiga ah ee Excel waa mid toos ah. Kaliya waxaad u baahan tahay inaad siiso shaqada dhammaan xogta xogta. 

Tusaalaha soo socda, waxaanu u soo qaadan doonaa xogta dawladda ee buundooyinka SAT ee dugsiyada New York waxaanan go'aamin doonaa heerka weecasho ee buundooyinka xisaabta.

Maadaama kaydka xogta ee ay ku jiraan buundooyinka xisaabtu ay u dhaxayso D2 ilaa D461 , kaliya ka soo qaado unug kasta meesha aad rabto in weecasho heerku gaadho oo ku qor:

=STDEV.P(D2:D461)

Taabo Gelida^(Enter) si aad u dhameysato gelida qaacidada Waxaad arki doontaa in weecinta caadiga ah ee dhammaan xogta dadweynaha ay tahay 64.90674.

Hadda, ka soo qaad inaadan haysan dhammaan xogta dhammaan dugsiyada gobolka, laakiin waxaad weli rabtaa inaad qaadatid jaangooyooyin muunad 100 dugsi ah oo aad isticmaali karto si aad u qiyaasto gunaanad ku saabsan dhammaan dugsiyada.

Tani si sax ah uma noqon doonto, laakiin waa inay weli ku siiso fikradda runta. 

Maadaama kaydka xogta ee ay ku jiraan buundooyinka xisaabtu ay u dhaxayso D2 ilaa D102 , kaliya ka soo qaado unug kasta meesha aad rabto in jaangooyadu u leexdaan oo ku qor:

=STDEV.S(D2:D102)

Taabo Gelida^(Enter) si aad u dhameysato gelida qaacidada Waxaad arki doontaa in weecashada caadiga ah ee muunaddan yar ee xogta ay tahay 74.98135.

Tani waa tusaale wanaagsan oo ah inta sawir sax ah oo aad ku heli karto cabbir muunad aad u weyn. Tusaale ahaan, isla qaacidada STDEV.S ee loo adeegsaday cabbir muunad ah oo ah 200 oo dugsi waxay soo celinaysaa 68.51656, taas oo xitaa ku dhow weecan heerka dhabta ah ee dhammaan xogta dadweynaha.

Sida Loo Isticmaalo Shaqada STDEVA ee Excel^{(STDEVA Excel Function)}

Shaqada weecasho ee caadiga ah ee STDEVA si naadir ah ayaa loo istcimaali karaa maadaama xogta badan ee dadku isticmaalaan ay ka buuxaan xog tirooyin oo keliya. Laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa inaad haysato xaalado halkaas oo ay jiri doonaan qiimaha qoraalka gudaha xogta.

Tani waa sida ay STDEVA u maamusho xogta qoraalka.

• RUN waxay u qiimaysaa 1
• BEEN ABUURKU wuxuu u qiimeeyaa 0
• Qoraal kasta oo kale ayaa lagu qiimeeyaa 0

Mid ka mid ah tusaale ahaan marka tani ay qiimo yeelan karto waa haddii aad leedahay dareeme mashiinka cabbiraya heerkulka dareeraha ee ka sarreeya 0 darajo Celsius .

Waxaad u habayn kartaa dareemaha si haddii baaraha heerkulku go'o, uu "BEEN" u qoro qulqulka xogta. Markaad sameyso xisaabinta weecasho caadiga ah ee Excel , akhrinta xogta "BEEN" waxay u rogi doontaa 0 gudaha xogta ka hor inta aan la xisaabin weecinta caadiga ah.

Habkani waa:

=STDEVA(C2:C100)

Taabo Gelida^{(Press Enter)} marka aad dhammayso Natiijada kiiskan waxay ahayd 4.492659. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in dhammaan xogta muunad ee wax ka yar 100 dhibcood ay ka duwan tahay celceliska guud wax yar oo ka hooseeya 5 digrii. 

Natiijadu waxay xisaabta ku dareysaa akhrinta xogta "BEEN" inay leedahay qiimaha 0 darajo.

Sida kiiska shaqada STDEV.S , haddii aad haysatid dad dhan oo xog ah oo ka kooban qoraallo qoraal ah, waxaad isticmaali kartaa shaqada STEVPA si aad u xisaabiso weecanka caadiga ah ee dadkaas.

Xusuusnow^(Remember) , haddii aad isticmaalayso nuqul ka sii weyn oo Excel ah oo aan lahayn shaqooyinka kale ee leexashada caadiga ah ee la heli karo, waxaad weli isticmaali kartaa STDEV iyo STDEVP , kuwaas oo u shaqeeya si la mid ah si loo xisaabiyo isbeddelka caadiga ah ee Excel sida tusaalooyinka sare. Si kastaba ha ahaatee hawlahaasi ma isticmaali karaan qoraalka ama xogta macquulka ah.

Hubi^(Make) inaad hubiso tabahayada kale ee waxtarka leh iyo tabaha isticmaalka Excel^{(tips and tricks for using Excel)} . Oo la wadaag codsiyadaada shaqooyinka weecasho caadiga ah ee qaybta faallooyinka ee hoose.

How To Calculate Standard Deviation In Excel

In statistics, standard deviation is a measure of how dіsрersed a set of data is relative tо its mean. In simplе terms, it tells you how “sprеad out” a collection of data pointѕ are.

This is useful for things like understanding how varied student grades are in a classroom, or measuring how widely the temperature of something is fluctuating over time. It can especially help you understand the differences between two datasets that may share the same average.

Like two classrooms of students that have the same basic overall average grade, but with a few students that may be doing far worse (or far better) in one classroom and not the other. 

Mathematically, this is calculated by taking the square root of the dataset’s variance. In this article you’ll learn how to calculate standard deviation in Excel.

Typical Uses For Standard Deviation

There are many ways to manipulate data in Excel, and the standard deviation functions are just one more powerful tool available to you. 

When do people normally use the standard deviation calculation? It’s actually quite common to use this as a form of data analysis across many different industries.

A few examples include:

• Population studies: Health researchers may not only be interested in determining the difference in metabolic rates between men and women, but also how much those rates vary between those two groups.
• Scientific evidence: Measurements across experiments with results that vary less from the mean usually indicate stronger evidence than measurements that vary wildly.
• Industrial quality: Measuring whether the size or quality of a product that comes off a production line varies can indicate how well that machine is producing a product within acceptable specifications.
• Financial risk: Stock analysts use standard deviation to measure how much the value of stocks or other assets vary, which can indicate whether an investment is risky or not.

How To Calculate Standard Deviation In Excel

Regardless why you may need to calculate the standard deviation of a dataset, Excel makes it extremely easy to do so.

There are two forms of standard deviation you can calculate in Excel. 

• Sample standard deviation: Uses a single dataset from a sample of a larger population.
• Population standard deviation: Uses all datasets from the entire population.

In most cases, it isn’t possible to use data from an entire population (such as measuring metabolic rate in females), so it’s much more common to use sample standard deviation and then infer the results across the entire population.

The six standard deviation formulas available in Excel include:

• STDEV.S: Standard deviation of a numeric dataset
• STDEVA: Standard deviation of a dataset including text characters like “False” or 0
• STDEV: Same as STDEV.S but used in spreadsheets created in Excel 2007 or earlier

STDEV.P, STDEVPA, and STDEVP functions all perform the same way as the function above but utilize datasets from an entire population rather than a sample.

How To Use The STDEV.S and STDEV.P Function

Using standard deviation functions in Excel is fairly straightforward. You just need to provide the function with the entire dataset. 

In the following example, we’ll take a government dataset of SAT scores for New York schools and determine the standard deviation of math scores.

Since the dataset containing the math scores is in the range from D2 through D461, just pick any cell where you want the standard deviation to go and type:

=STDEV.P(D2:D461)

Press Enter to finish entering the formula. You’ll see that the standard deviation for the entire population of data is 64.90674.

Now, imagine that you don’t have the entire dataset for all schools in the state, but you still want to take a standard deviation of a sample of 100 schools that you can use to infer conclusions about all schools.

This won’t be quite as accurate, but it should still give you an idea of the truth. 

Since the dataset containing the math scores is in the range from D2 through D102, just pick any cell where you want the standard deviation to go and type:

=STDEV.S(D2:D102)

Press Enter to finish entering the formula. You’ll see that the standard deviation for this smaller sample of data is 74.98135.

This is a good example of how much more accurate a picture you can get with a much larger sample size. For example, the same STDEV.S formula used on a sample size of 200 schools returns 68.51656, which is even closer to the real standard deviation for the entire population of data.

How To Use The STDEVA Excel Function

The standard deviation function STDEVA is rarely used since most datasets people use are filled with only numerical data. But you may have situations where there will be text values inside the data.

This is how STDEVA handles text data.

• TRUE evaluates as 1
• FALSE evaluates as 0
• Any other text evaluates as 0

One example of when this may be valuable is if you had a sensor on a machine measuring the temperature of a liquid above 0 degrees Celsius.

You could program the sensor so that if the temperature probe is disconnected, it writes a “FALSE” into the data stream. When you perform the standard deviation calculation in Excel, those “FALSE” data readings will get converted to a 0 within the dataset before the standard deviation is calculated.

The formula is:

=STDEVA(C2:C100)

Press Enter when you’re done. The result in this case was 4.492659. This means that the entire sample dataset of just under 100 points varied from the overall mean by just under 5 degrees. 

This result takes into account the “FALSE” data readings as having a value of 0 degrees.

Just like in the case of the STDEV.S function, if you have an entire population of data that contains text entries, you can use the STEVPA function to calculate the standard deviation for that population.

Remember, if you’re using an older version of Excel that doesn’t have the other standard deviation functions available, you can still use STDEV and STDEVP, which work the same way to calculate standard deviation in Excel as the examples above. However those functions can’t make use of text or logical data.

Make sure to check out our other useful tips and tricks for using Excel. And share your own applications of the standard deviation functions in the comments section below.

Related posts

• Xisaabi leexashada caadiga ah iyo khaladka caadiga ah ee macnaha Excel

• Si toos ah uga soo celi xogta Excel Bogga Shabakadda

• Sida Looga Saaro Password-ka Waraaqaha Ilaaliya ee Excel

• Si degdeg ah ugu dar taariikhda iyo wakhtiga Stamps xaashida shaqada ee Excel

• Dib-u-eegis Buugaag - Hagaha sida-Geek-ga loo barto ee Windows 8

• Sida Loo Sameeyo Imtixaanka Cadaadiska CPU

• Sida loo furo Faylka JAR ee Daaqadaha

• Sida Loo Abuuro Koox Ka Mid Ah Kooxaha Microsoft

• Uninstall iyo reinstall IE gudaha Windows 7

• Sida loo furo File quful marka barnaamij kale la isticmaalayo

• Sida loo ilaaliyo erayga sirta ah PDF si uu ammaan u ilaaliyo

• Sida Loo Qaado Screenshots on Nintendo Switch

• Ku samee Gmail Desktop App leh 3-dan macmiil ee iimaylka ah

• 8 ka mid ah Fikradaha Farsamada ugu Fiican ee lagula tacaali karo Go'doominta

• Sida Loo Isticmaalo Buugaaga Chrome ka Kormeeraha Labaad

• Sida loo sameeyo boggaga Master-ka ee Adobe InDesign CC

• Sida Loo Bedelo Kumbuyuutarkaaga Server-ka Warbaahinta DLNA

• Sida loo sawiro QR code iPhone iyo Android

• Ku rakibida GIMP Plugins: Habka-Hagaha

• Sida Sawirada WEBP loogu beddelo JPG, GIF, ama PNG