Marka ay timaado internetka^(Internet) , ma jiraan wax la yiraahdo 100% ammaan. Mid ka mid ah hababka ugu fiican ee looga ilaalin karo Hackers -ka kombiyuutarkaaga ayaa ah inaad damiso JavaScript iyo Flash maadaama labadan si weyn loo isticmaalo in lagu duro qoraalada xaasidnimada leh nidaamkaaga.

Laakiin taasi waxay noqon kartaa wax aan macquul ahayn dadka qaar maadaama uu Internetku^(Internet) ku tiirsan yahay JavaScript iyo Flash sifooyin ama hawlo dhawr ah - laga bilaabo gelitaanka boggaga internetka, wax baadhista, u adeegida hawlaha raadinta iyo in ka badan. Demi JavaScript , waxaad ogaan doontaa inaadan wax badan ka qaban karin internetka^(Internet) . Haddaba sidee baan uga ilaalinaa tuugada? Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah talooyinka looga hortagayo jabsiga adoon is-xakameyn adiga oo dami JavaScript iyo Flash .

Akhriso^(Read) : Muxuu qof u doonayaa inuu kombiyuutarkayga jabsado^{(Why would someone want to hack my computer)} ?

Ka ilaali hackers-ka kombiyuutarkaaga

Marka laga reebo raacitaanka tillaabooyinka aasaasiga ah sida in nidaamkaaga Windows-ka iyo software-ka aad casriyeyso, in Firewall -kaagu shidmo , isticmaalka software^{(antivirus software)} ka-hortagga wanaagsan ama Internet Security Suite , halkan waxa ah dhawr taxaddar oo ay tahay in aad raacdo.

1. Demi JavaScript iyo Flash
2. U isticmaal erayga sirta ah ee adag isticmaalaha iyo xisaabaadka onlaynka ah
3. Ka saar alaabta qashinka ah
4. U dooro biraawsarkaaga si xikmad leh - Isticmaal^(Use) addons-ka amniga
5. Isticmaal HTTPS ilaa inta suurtogalka ah
6. Isticmaal Xaqiijinta^(Use) Laba-Tilaabo (^{(Authentication)} ama MFA^{(Or MFA)} ) meel kasta oo suurtagal ah
7. Demi Kumbuyuutarka^(Computer) ama isku xirka internetka^(Internet)
8. Isticmaal caqli-galnimo

Naftaada ka ilaali tuugada!

1] Demi JavaScript iyo Flash

Haddii aad joojin karto JavaScript^{(disable JavaScript)} iyo Flash , fiican! Waxay ka dhigi doontaa nidaamkaaga mid aad u ammaan badan. Waxa kale oo jira dejinta Siyaasadda Kooxda si loo joojiyo Java .

2] Isticmaalaha^(Use) iyo xisaabaadka khadka tooska ah u isticmaal erayga sirta ah ee adag

Furaha sirta ah ee fudud ayaa u sahlaya qof kasta inuu galo akoonkaaga oo uu la wareego. Inta badan, hackers-ku waxay bedeli doonaan erayga sirta ah ka dib markay la wareegaan mashiinkaaga si aadan u soo gali karin. Waxa dhacaya ka dib si loo soo celiyo mishiinka waa geedi socod caajis ah. Had iyo jeer waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo furaha sirta ah ee xoogga leh^{(strong passwords)} , kuwaas oo ka kooban xarfo alfanumeric ah oo ay ku jiraan xarfo gaar ah.

Waxaad ku qasbi kartaa isticmaalayaasha Windows inay adkeeyaan nidaamka sirta ah ee gelitaanka oo ay abuuraan furaha sirta ah ee xooggan. Waxa kale oo aad suurtogal ka dhigi kartaa in akoonka la xiro saddex isku day ka dib. Akhri maqaalkeena ku saabsan xaddidaadda isku-dayga gelitaanka .

Xisaabaadka khadka tooska ah, waxaan kugula talin doonaa inaad isticmaasho software maamulaha sirta ah^{(password manager software)} sida LastPass kaas oo soo saara furaha sirta ah oo si badbaado leh u kaydiya si aad u isticmaasho adigoon mid kasta xasuusan. Dheeraad ah, way fiicantahay in la haysto furaha sirta ah ee kala duwan ee goobo kala duwan si haddii hal akoon la jabiyo, kuwa kale weli waa badbaado. Ta ugu horeysa dhammaan talooyinka looga hortagayo jabsiga waa in la isticmaalo erayga sirta ah ee adag.

3] Ka saar alaabta qashinka ah

Marnaba ma ogaan kartid nooca barnaamijyada lagu rakibay kombiyuutarkaaga markaad mid cusub iibsanayso. Lenovo waxay soo bandhigtay tusaale wanaagsan iyada oo ku rakibtay Superfish taas oo u suurtagelisay dambiilayaasha internetka inay bilaabaan Ninka Weerarada Dhexe^{(Man in the Middle Attacks)} . Kumbuyuutar cusub ayaa la socda software badan oo aadan weligaa u baahnayn. Tallaabada ugu horreysa ka dib markii la helo kombuyuutar cusub waa in la saaro dhammaan crapware^{(remove all crapware)} -yada iyo barnaamijyada aadan u baahnayn. Waxa jira qalab ka saarista^{(crapware removal tools)} qolo saddexaad oo gaar ahtaas oo kuu ogolaanaysa inaad go'aansato barnaamijyada aad ku ilaalinayso oo aad si otomaatig ah uga saarto ka saarida crapware. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa barnaamij kasta oo noocaas ah, ama waxaad gacanta ka saari kartaa barnaamijyada iyo qalabka aan la rabin. Habka buug-gacmeedku waa ka badbaado badan yahay in kasta oo dhididku kaa qaadayo dhinacaaga. Haddii aad aragto barnaamij aadan fahmi karin, waxaa fiican inaad qof la tashato ka dibna meesha laga saaro.

4] U^(Choose) door biraawsarkaaga si xikmad leh - Isticmaal^(Use) addons-ka amniga

Daalacashada shabakadu^{(Web browsers)} waa dhexdhexaadka noo ogolaanaya inaan ku xidhno internetka^(Internet) oo aan la falgalno. Waxaa jira browsers badan oo halkaas ka jira suuqa. Si xikmad leh u dooro browserkaaga. Waa inay awood u yeelato inay ku difaacdo xitaa markaad dhex wareegayso. Tusaale ahaan, Internet Explorer waxa uu leeyahay SmartScreen Filter kaas oo isku dayaya in uu hubiyo kalsoonida mareegaha. Haddii aad isticmaalayso Google Chrome , waxaad heli doontaa add-ons kuu sheegaya haddii degelku yahay mid la isku halayn karo. Sidoo kale^(Likewise) , Firefox , NoScript wuxuu kuu oggolaanayaa inaad si ammaan ah wax u baadho adigoo xannibaya qoraallada aan loo baahnayn. Waxaad u oggolaan kartaa qoraallada kaliya mareegaha aad rabto. Dheeraad ah^(Further), Hubi in browserku uu had iyo jeer cusub yahay, maadaama ay tahay vector caadi ah, hackers waxay isticmaalaan si ay u carqaladeeyaan nidaamyada.

5] Isticmaal HTTPS ilaa inta suurtogalka ah

HTTP waxay u taagan tahay Hab-maamuuska Gudbinta Qoraalka^{(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)} . HTTPS waa nooc horumarsan oo leh S ku lifaaqan borotokoolka oo macneheedu yahay in ku xidhidhiyaha mareegaha uu noqon doono mid "sugan." Marka loo eego "ammaan", waxa ay la macno tahay "si qarsoodi ah". Midna si fudud ugama dhigi karo HTTPS . Websaydhku si uu u noqdo HTTPS , waa inuu ku gudbaa imtixaano kala duwan oo lagu baadho haddii website-ku runtii yahay mid ammaan ah sida loogu talagalay. Ku dhawaad^(Almost) ​​dhammaan shabakadaha xidhiidhka bulshada ayaa bixiya HTTPS . Dhammaan dukaamada e-commerce sidoo kale waxay bixiyaan HTTPS . HTTPS , waxaa lagugu^(HTTPS) ilaaliyaa si ka wanaagsan kaliya isku xidhka HTTP kaas oo laga yaabo inuu ahaado mid amaan ah ama laga yaabo inuusan ahayn.

Si aad u hubiso inaadan iloobin isticmaalka HTTPS , waxaad dejin kartaa Siyaasadda Kooxda^{(Group Policy)} gudaha Windows 8.1 . Waxaa jira plugins diyaar u ah daalacashada kuwaas oo hubiya in shabakadaha lagu qasbo inay ku shubaan nooca HTTPS had iyo jeer si aqoonsigaaga gelitaanka iyo faahfaahinta bangiga ama kaadhkaagu ay badbaado u yihiin. Mid ka mid ah plugin noocan oo kale ah waa " HTTPS Everywhere" waxaana diyaar u ah daalacashada ku salaysan Google Chrome iyo Firefox . Wixii Internet Explorer , si fiican, waa laga fariistay Windows 10 , waxaana rajeynayaa in browserka 'Spartan' cusub uu yeelan doono wax la mid ah mar dhow ama dambe.

6] Isticmaal laba-tallaabo Xaqiijin^{(Use Two-Step Authentication)} ( ama MFA^{(Or MFA)} ) meel kasta oo suurtogal ah

Inta badan mareegaha maalmahan waxay ku siinayaan xaqiijin laba-tallaabo ah. Taasi waa, marka lagu daro gelitaanka aqoonsigaaga isticmaale iyo eraygaaga sirta ah, waa inaad gelisaa macluumaad dheeraad ah oo loo soo diro aaladaha gaarka ah sida taleefanka. Websaydhyada bangiga^(Bank) , kaydinta daruuraha, iwm. ayaa ku siinaya faa'iidada xaqiijinta laba-factor. Qaar ka mid ah shabakadaha bulshada iyo bixiyeyaasha adeegga iimaylka ayaa iyaguna ku siinaya astaantan. Tani waxay kaa caawinaysaa inaad badbaado ku ahaato sababtoo ah xitaa haddii qof uu jebin karo eraygaaga sirta ah, waxaa laga yaabaa in isaga ama iyada aysan awoodin inay galaan akoonkaaga sababtoo ah tallaabada labaad waxay badanaa la xiriirtaa qalab shakhsi ah, inta badan, telefoon, kaas oo PIN ku jiro. diray. Ilaa uu jabsadayhu mooyaane talefanka galo, isku dayga soo gelida wuu guuldaraysan doonaa, oo waxaad ahaanaysaa mid badbaado leh.

Xaqiijinta laba-tallaabo ayaa laga yaabaa inay yara xanaaqdo marka la isticmaalayo qalabyo badan ama macaamiisha si ay u galaan xisaabaadka. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad isku dayayso inaad ku soo gasho taleefankaaga oo farriinta laguu soo diro taleefanka, waa inaad joojisaa app-ka si aad u hubiso PIN -ka . Tani waxay noqotaa mid niyad jab leh mararka qaarkood. Xaaladahan oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u abuurto app sirta ah macmiil kasta ama qalab, si ay u noqoto mid fudud in laga shaqeeyo qalabka sida telefoonka ama tablets. Fiiri tusaale ahaan ilaalinta akoontiga OneDrive addoo isticmaalaya xaqiijin laba-tallaabo ah^{(securing OneDrive account using two-step authentication)} . Sida ay yiraahdaan, had iyo jeer way fiicantahay in la nabad galo intii aan ka xumahay.

7] Demi ^(Switch)Kumbuyuutarka^(Computer) ama isku xirka internetka^(Internet)

Ugu dambeyntii, had iyo jeer dami kumbiyuutarkaaga ama dami xiriirka internetka^(Internet) . Tani waa sababta oo ah, kobaca xiriirka xawaaraha sare ee internetka^(Internet) , isticmaaleyaal badan ayaa door bida in ay ku xafidaan kombuyuutarkooda mar kasta, xitaa marka ay ka maqan yihiin mishiinka wakhti dheer. Kombiyuutarrada noocan oo kale ah "had iyo jeer shidan" ayaa aad u nugul.

8] Isticmaal caqli-galnimo

Ha ka soo dejisan lifaaqyada iimaylka kuwa soo diray aan la garanayn. Maalmahan sidoo kale waa inaad aad uga taxadartaa waxa aad soo dejisanayso iyo meesha aad ka soo dejisanayso . Xeerarka caynkaas ah iyo kuwa ka badan ayaa sidoo kale loo baahan yahay in la raaco. Feejignow^(Stay) markasta. Dunida khadka tooska ah waxay u xumaan kartaa sida adduunka khadka tooska ah!

Ma jiro wax difaac ah oo la hubo oo ka dhan ah hackers iyo malware. Talooyinkan looga hortagayo tuugada ayaa ah dhowr ka mid ah taxaddarrada badan ee aad u baahan tahay inaad samayso markaad xisaabinayso.

Haddii aad rabto inaad la wadaagto wax badan oo talooyin ah si aad uga hortagto jabsiga iyo jabsiga, fadlan la wadaag.^{(If you wish to share any more tips to prevent hacking and hackers, please do share.)}

Akhri soo socda^{(Read next)} : Software Anti-hacker-ka oo bilaash ah oo loogu talagalay Windows PC^{(Free Anti-hacker software for Windows PC)} .

How to keep Hackers out of your computer

When it comеs to the Internet, there is nothing called 100% security. One of the best methods tо keеp Hackers out of your computer would be to turn off JavаScript and Flash aѕ these two are widely used to inject malicious scripts into yoυr sуstem.

But that may be impractical for some as the Internet relies on JavaScript and Flash for quite a few features or functions – from logging in to websites, to browsing, serving search functions and more. Turn off JavaScript, and you will find that you cannot do much on the Internet. So how do we keep hackers away? Here are some tips to prevent hacking without having to restrict yourself by turning off JavaScript and Flash.

Read: Why would someone want to hack my computer?

Keep Hackers out of your computer

Apart from following the basic steps like keeping your Windows operating system and software up-to-date, keeping your Firewall turned on, using a good antivirus software or an Internet Security Suite, here are a few precautions you should follow.

1. Turn off JavaScript and Flash
2. Use a strong password for the user and online accounts
3. Remove crapware
4. Choose your web browser wisely – Use security addons
5. Use HTTPS as far as possible
6. Use Two-Step Authentication (Or MFA) wherever possible
7. Switch off Computer or Internet connection
8. Use common-sense

Secure yourself from hackers!

1] Turn off JavaScript and Flash

If you can disable JavaScript and Flash, good! It will make your system more secure. There is also a Group Policy setting to disable Java.

2] Use a strong password for the user and online accounts

Easy passwords make it easier for anyone to log into your account and take it over. In most cases, the hackers will change the password after taking over your machine so that you cannot log in. What happens afterward to reclaim the machine is a tedious process. It is always recommended to use strong passwords, which contain alphanumeric characters and also include special characters.

You can force it on the Windows users to harden the login password policy and create a strong password. You can also make it possible that the account is locked down after three attempts. Read our article on restricting login attempts.

For online accounts, I will recommend using a password manager software such as LastPass that generates secure passwords and stores them safely so that you can use them without having to remember each. Further, it is better to have different passwords for different sites so that if one account is compromised, others are still safe. The first of all tips to prevent hacking is to use a strong password.

3] Remove crapware

You never know what kind of programs are installed on your computer when you buy a new one. Lenovo presented a good example by installing Superfish that made it possible for cybercriminals to initiate Man in the Middle Attacks. A new computer comes with plenty of software that you won’t ever need. The first step after getting a new computer is to remove all crapware and the programs that you won’t need. There are certain third-party crapware removal tools that let you decide what programs to keep and automate the removal of crapware. You can use any such program, or you can remove unwanted programs and toolbars manually. The manual method is safer though it takes some perspiration on your part. If you see a program that you can’t understand, it is better to consult someone and then remove it.

4] Choose your web browser wisely – Use security addons

Web browsers are the medium that allows us to connect to the Internet and interact with it. There are many browsers out there in the market. Choose your browser wisely. It should be able to protect you even as you are surfing. For example, Internet Explorer has SmartScreen Filter that tries to check out the reliability of websites. If you are using Google Chrome, you will find add-ons that tell you if a website is reliable. Likewise, for Firefox, NoScript allows you to browse securely by blocking unwanted scripts. You can allow scripts only on the websites you want. Further, make sure that the browser is always up to date, as it is a common vector, hackers use to compromise systems.

5] Use HTTPS as far as possible

HTTP stands for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. HTTPS is an advanced version that has an S appended to the protocol and means that the connection to the website would be “secure.” By “secure”, it means “encrypted”. One cannot simply make it HTTPS. For a website to become HTTPS, it has to pass a variety of tests that examine if the website is indeed as secure as it is meant to be. Almost all social networking sites provide HTTPS. All e-commerce stores also provide HTTPS. With HTTPS, you are protected better than just an HTTP connection that may or may not be secure.

To make sure that you do not forget using HTTPS, you can set up Group Policy in Windows 8.1. There are plugins available for browsers that make sure the websites are forced to load the HTTPS version always so that your login credentials and bank or card details are safe. One such plugin is “HTTPS Everywhere” and it is available for browsers based on Google Chrome and Firefox. For Internet Explorer, well, it is being retired with Windows 10, and I hope the new ‘Spartan’ browser will have something similar sooner or later.

6] Use Two-Step Authentication (Or MFA) wherever possible

Most websites these days provide you with two-step authentications. That is, in addition to logging in with your user ID and password, you have to enter additional information that is sent to a personal device such as a phone. Bank websites, cloud storage, etc. give you the benefit of two-factor authentication. Some social networking sites and email service providers too offer you the feature. This helps you stay safe because even if someone can crack your password, he or she may not be able to get access to your account as the second step is usually related to a personal device, most often, a phone, to which a PIN is sent. Unless the hacker also has access to the phone, the login attempts will fail, and you will remain safe.

Two-step authentication may be a little irritating when using multiple devices or clients to access the accounts. For example, if you are trying to login via your Phone and the message is sent to the phone, you have to quit the app to check the PIN. This becomes frustrating sometimes. In such cases, you may have to create an app password for each client or device, so that it becomes easier to operate from devices like phone or tablets. Check out an example of securing OneDrive account using two-step authentication. As they say, it is always better to be safe than sorry.

7] Switch off Computer or Internet connection

Lastly, always turn off your computer or switch off the Internet connection. This is because, with the growth of high-speed Internet connections, many users opt to keep their computers on all the time, even when they are away from the machine for a long time. Such “Always On” computers are more susceptible.

8] Use common-sense

Do not download email attachments from unknown senders. These days you also have to be very careful what you download and where you download from. Such and more such rules also need to be followed. Stay alert at all times. The online world can be as bad as the offline world!

There is no sure-shot protection against hackers and malware. These tips to prevent hackers are just a few of the many precautions you need to take when computing.

If you wish to share any more tips to prevent hacking and hackers, please do share.

Read next: Free Anti-hacker software for Windows PC.

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