Daaqadaha^(Windows) waxay leedahay dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee adeegyada yar yar ee qarsoon kuwaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad habayso oo aad wax ka beddesho nidaamka nidaamka aan sida caadiga ah ka muuqan meelaha sida Control Panel . Mid ka mid ah aaladaha aan jeclahay ee jiray ilaa Windows 98 waa MSCONFIG . Asal ahaan waxay u taagan tahay Habaynta Nidaamka Microsoft^{(Microsoft System Configuration)} waxaana si cad loo isticmaalaa in lagu habeeyo goobo kala duwan. Maqaalkan, waxaan ku tusi doonaa sida loo galo MSCONFIG iyo sida loo isticmaalo.

Aan ku bilowno furitaanka MSCONFIG Windows^{(Windows 7)} 7 . Qalabku wuu la mid yahay Windows Vista iyo ka sare, iyada oo kaliya isbeddel yar oo Windows 8 ah oo aan ka hadli doono hadhow. Tag oo guji badhanka Start oo ku qor msconfig .

Wadahadalka qaabeynta nidaamka ayaa la soo bixi doona dhowr tabs. Tirada tabsku way kala duwanaan kartaa iyadoo ku xidhan nooca Windows ee aad ku shaqaynayso. Gudaha Windows 7 iyo 8, waxaa jira 5 tabs: Guud^(General) , Boot , Adeegyada^(Services) , Bilawga^(Startup) iyo Qalabka^(Tools) .

MSCONFIG Tab Guud

Tabaha ugu horreeya, oo si default ah loo doortay, wuxuu had iyo jeer ahaan doonaa tabka Guud .^{(General )}

Halkan waxa aad ku arki doontaa saddex badhamada raadiyaha la dooran karo oo hoos yimaada ciwaanka Xulashada Startup^{(Startup Selection)} .  Bilowga caadiga ah^{(Normal Startup)} waxaa lagu dooran doonaa si toos ah haddii aan la beddelin.  Bilawga ogaanshaha^{(Diagnostic Startup)} waxay ku bilaabi doontaa Windows -ka qaab shaqayneed “hoos u dhacsan”, oo la mid ah, laakiin aan la mid ahayn Habka^(Mode) Badbaadada ah . Haddii aad doorato doorashadan, xasuusnoow inaad dib u beddesho marka aad dhammayso cilad-baadhista, haddii kale Windows sidan ayay u bilaabmi doontaa.

Sidoo kale, marka aad doorato Diagnostic startup oo guji Codso^(Apply) , waxaad arki doontaa in ay si toos ah u doorato Selective startup oo leh kaliya sanduuqa adeega nidaamka Load ee^{(Load system services)} la buuxiyey. Habka ogaanshaha, waxaad heleysaa darawalo iyo adeegyo badan oo ku bilaabmay default marka loo eego Mode Safe , kaas oo aan hoos ku sharax Haddii aad ogaato inaad u baahan tahay inaad isticmaasho shayga Xakamaynta^{(Control Panel)} ama barnaamij aan si fudud ugu socon doonin Mode Safe , markaa waxaad isku dayi kartaa habka ogaanshaha, kaas oo ka yar bilowga caadiga ah, laakiin ka badan Mode Safe .

Waxaad ogaan doontaa marka aad gujiso Diagnostic startup oo aad gujiso Codso^(Apply) ,  sanduuqa adeegyada nidaamka Load ^{(Load system services)}lama calaamadin^{(not checked)} , laakiin waa la wada buuxaa. Taasi waa mid muhiim ah sababtoo ah haddii aad gujiso tab Adeegyada^(Services) oo aad dhex rogto, waxaad arki doontaa in tiro yar oo adeegyo ah la hubiyay. Hadda haddii aad dib ugu noqotid tabka Guud^(General) , guji Selective startup mar labaad oo calaamee sanduuqa adeegyada nidaamka Load oo^{(Load system services)} leh calaamad sax ah, waxaad arki doontaa in DHAMMAAN^(ALL) adeegyada lagu hubiyo tabka Adeegyada^(Services) maahan wax yar oo la doortay.

Sanduuqa alaabta bilawga ah^{(Load startup items)} , waxaad ku hubin kartaa oo kaliya calaamad sax ah, taas oo awood u siinaysa dhammaan shayada bilawga ah ee tabka Startupka^(Startup) ama baabi'inaysa dhamaantood. Waa in la ogaadaa in haddii aad dooratay bilawga xulashada leh calaamadaynta labadaba adeegyada nidaamka Load iyo alaabta ^(Load)bilawga^(Load) ah, markaa taasi waa wax aad u badan oo la mid ah samaynta bilawga caadiga ah sababtoo ah wax walba waa la karti.

Sababta kaliya ee lagu sameeyo bilowga xulashada oo aad hubiso mid ama labadaba shay waa in la ogaado haddii adeeg gaar ah ama shay bilawga ahi uu keenayo dhibaatooyin. Sida loo sameeyo taas waa in la calaamadiyo sanduuqa ku habboon ee ku yaal tabka Guud^(General) ka dibna aado Adeegyada^(Services) ama Startup , dhagsii Disable all , ka dibna calaamadee hal shay oo keliya. Waxaad dib u bilaabaysaa kombayutarka oo waxaad eegtaa in adeegaas ama shayga bilawga ahi uu keenayo dhibaatada nidaamkaaga. Haddaysan ahayn, waxaad mar kale aadaysaa Adeegyada^(Services) ama Startup tab oo hubi shay kale. Sii wad habkan ilaa aad ka helayso adeeggaaga dhibka ama shayga bilawga ah.

MSCONFIG Boot Tab

Hadda oo aan si cad u fahannay tabka Guud^(General) iyo sida ay ugu xidhan tahay labada adeeg iyo tabs ^(Services)Startup , aan ka hadalno tab labaad: Boot. Tani waa tab muhiim ah sababtoo ah waxay leedahay fursado badan oo ku saabsan sida Windows u bilaabo.

Aan ku bilowno xulashooyinka ^(options)Boot maadaama taasi tahay barta ugu weyn ee tabkan. Badhanka Advanced^{(Advanced options)} Options waxa kaliya oo isticmaali doona barmaamijyada qoraya wadayaasha aaladaha qalabka dhabta ah.

Haddii aad hubiso Boot badbaado leh, waxaad markaas ka dooran kartaa afar doorasho: Ugu yar^(Minimal) , qolof kale^(Alternate) , dayactirka Hagaha firfircoon iyo ^{(Active Directory)}Shabakadda^(Network) . Aynu marno ikhtiyaar kasta:

- Ugu Yar^(Minimal) - Kani waa qaabka badbaadada caadiga ah ee ku shubi doona GUI kaliya darawallada iyo adeegyada aasaasiga ah ee karti u leh. Shabakadda^(Networking) waxaa lagu naafoobi doonaa qaabkan. Waxaad si qurux badan u furi kartaa sahamiye oo kaliya oo aad dhex baadho

- qolof kale^{(Alternate shell)} - Tani waxay ku shuban doontaa hab nabdoon iyadoo la raacayo kaliya degdegga amarka. GUI iyo isku xidhka labaduba waa naafo. Kaliya isticmaal qaabkan haddii aad rabto inaad socodsiiso amarada DOS^{(run DOS commands)} .

- Dayactirka Hagaha Firfircoon^{(Active Directory repair)} - Tani waxay kaliya faa'iido u leedahay bay'ada shirkadaha waxayna u badan tahay inay noqon doonto wax maamulaha shabakadu isticmaalo.

- Shabakadda^(Network) - Tani waa sida ugu yar^(Minimal) , marka laga reebo isku-xidhka ayaa karti u leh. Faa'iido leh haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad ku xidho ilaha shabakada ama degelka si aad u soo dejiso faylasha.

Dhanka midig, waxaad ku arki doontaa afar sanduuq oo hubin ah, taas oo macnaheedu yahay inaad hubin karto dhammaan afarta, haddii loo baahdo. Aynu marno xulashooyinkan:

- Boot GUI ma jiro ^{(No GUI boot)}- Si^(Will) fudud uma muujin doono shaashadda soo dhawaynta ee Windows marka la furayo.

– Boot log – Waxa uu samayn doonaa^(Will) gal diiwaanka hawsha bootinta oo dhan oo ku taal % SystemRoot % Ntbtlog.txt . 

- Fiidiyowga salka^{(Base video)} - Wuxuu ku^(Will) shuban doonaa Windows qaabka ugu yar ee VGA , kaas oo adeegsada darawallada caadiga ah ee VGA halkii darawallada u gaarka ah kaarka fiidiyowga ee lagu rakibay mashiinka.

- Macluumadka boot OS^{(OS boot information)} - Sida darawallada lagu shubayo inta lagu jiro habka boot-upka, magacyada darawallada ayaa lagu muujin doonaa wax soo saarka.

Waqti-dhaafku waa qadarka wakhtiga liiska boot-ka la tuso ka hor inta aanu dooran ikhtiyaarka caadiga ah. Haddii aad hubiso Samee dhammaan goobaha bootinta ee^{(Make all boot settings permanent)} sanduuqa joogtada ah, ka dib markaad riixdo bilawga caadiga ah ee tabka ^(Normal)Guud^(General) dib kuuguma celin doono dejintaada asalka ah. Waa inaad gacanta ku beddeshaa dejimaha boot kasta.

Mar labaad, Daaqadaha^(Windows) waxay ku sii wadi doontaa inay ku shubto Habka Badbaadada^{(Safe Mode)} ah ilaa aad dib ugu noqoto utility qaabeynta nidaamka oo aad iska saarto ama doorato bilawga caadiga ah.

Tabka Adeegyada MSCONFIG

Xiga waa tab Services , kaas oo si qurux badan is-sharaxaya. Waxa ugu muhiimsan halkan waa inaadan runtii rabin inaad joojiso adeeg kasta oo nidaamka Microsoft ah. Waxaad internetka ka akhrin doontaa maqaallo badan oo ku saabsan adeegyada Windows ee aan waxtarka lahayn ee ay tahay inaad joojiso, laakiin runtii fikrad fiican maaha.

Horey u soco oo calaamadee sanduuqa Qari dhammaan adeegyada Microsoft^{(Hide all Microsoft services)} waxaana kaliya oo aad ku hari doontaa adeegyada dhinac saddexaad. Joojinta adeegyada dhinac saddexaad waxay noqon kartaa faa'iido, laakiin kaliya xaaladaha qaarkood. Inta badan tab-kan waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu baabiiyo adeega sababa in Windows uu qaboojiyo, shaashadda buluuga ah ama wax kale oo aan wanaagsanayn.

Shabka Bilowga MSCONFIG

Tabaha bilawga ah ayaa ah mid aad u fog tabaha la jecel yahay runtiina sababta kaliya ee aan runtii u isticmaalo utility MSCONFIG meesha ugu horeysa. Waxaa iga yaabisay sida ay u gaabiyaan qaar ka mid ah kombiyuutarada macaamiisha sababtoo ah tirada badan ee barnaamijyada bilowga ah. Xitaa haddii aan wax badan haysto, sida caadiga ah waxaan curyaamiyaa boqolkiiba 80 iyaga sababtoo ah lagama maarmaan maaha.

Dabcan waa inaad ka taxadartaa, gaar ahaan laptops-yada, sababtoo ah qaar ka mid ah alaabta bilawga ah ayaa xakameynaya kaadhka shabakadaada wireless ama taabashadaada labadaba labaduba way joojinayaan shaqada haddii aad iska saarto. Way fiicantahay in la sameeyo raadinta Google fudud oo leh magaca shayga bilawga ah ama faylka EXE ee aad ku arki karto amarka^(Command) hoostiisa .

Waxaan sidoo kale horey u qoray maqaal qotodheer oo ku saabsan curyaaminta barnaamijyada bilawga ah ee Windows^{(disabling startup programs in Windows)} , kaas oo ku siinaya talooyin iyo tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan waxa la qabanayo iyo waxa aan la joojin karin.

Qalabka MSCONFIG Tab

Ugu dambeyntii, waxaa jira tab faa'iido leh oo la yiraahdo Tools kaas oo asal ahaan ku xiraya farabadan oo ka mid ah adeegyada kale ee waxtarka leh ee Windows .

Tan waxaa ka mid ah wax kasta oo laga helo macluumaadka ku saabsan Windows , goobaha UAC , xarunta waxqabadka, cilad-bixiyeyaasha, maamulka kombiyuutarka, daawadayaasha dhacdooyinka, barnaamijyada, guryaha nidaamka, fursadaha internetka^(Internet) , degdegga amarka, tifaftiraha diiwaanka, maamulaha hawsha, soo celinta nidaamka, iwm. Haddii aadan xasuusan karin. meesha laga helo qalab ama goob, waxay u badan tahay inay halkan ku qoran tahay.

Guud ahaan, utility qaabeynta nidaamka waa qalab aad u anfacaya si loo maareeyo PC-yada Windows^{(Windows PCs)} iyo hubaal wax ay tahay inaad barato haddii aad rabto inaad noqoto isticmaale awood leh. Haddii aad wax su'aalo ah qabtid, ku dheji faallo. Ku raaxayso!

How to Use MSCONFIG in Windows

Windows has all sorts of hіdden little utilіties that let you configure and modify ѕystеm settings not normаlly νisible in areas like the Control Panel. One of my favorite toolѕ that has been around since Windows 98 is MSCONFІG. It basiсally stands for Microsoft System Configuration and is obviously used to configure various settings. In this article, I’ll show you how to accеss MSCONFIG and how to use it.

Let’s start off by opening MSCONFIG on Windows 7. The tool is pretty much the same from Windows Vista and higher, with only a minor change in Windows 8 that I will talk about later. Go ahead and click on the Start button and type in msconfig.

The system configuration dialog will pop up with several tabs. The number of tabs may vary depending on which version of Windows you are running. In Windows 7 and 8, there are 5 tabs: General, Boot, Services, Startup and Tools.

MSCONFIG General Tab

The first tab, which is selected by default, will normally always be the General tab.

Here you will see three selectable radio buttons under the Startup Selection heading.  Normal Startup will be selected by default unless changed.  Diagnostic Startup will start Windows up in a “stripped down” functionality mode, similar to, but not the same as Safe Mode.  If you choose this option, remember to change it back when you are done troubleshooting, or Windows will keep starting up in this manner.

Also, when you select Diagnostic startup and click Apply, you will see that it automatically selects Selective startup with only the Load system services box filled in. In diagnostic mode, you get more drivers and services started by default than with Safe Mode, which I explain below. If you find you need to use a Control Panel item or a program that simply won’t run on Safe Mode, then you can try diagnostic mode, which loads less than a normal startup, but more than Safe Mode.

You’ll notice that when you click Diagnostic startup and click Apply, the Load system services box is not checked, but is filled in entirely. That is significant because if you click on the Services tab and scroll through, you’ll see that only a handful of services are checked. Now if you go back to the General tab, click on Selective startup again and check the Load system services box with an actual checkmark, you’ll see that ALL services are checked under the Services tab not just a select few.

With the Load startup items box, you can only check it with a checkmark, which either enables all the startup items on the Startup tab or disables all of them. It should be noted that if you chose selective startup with a checkmark in both Load system services and Load startup items, then that’s pretty much the same thing as doing a normal startup because everything is enabled.

The only reason to do selective startup and check one or both items is to figure out if a particular service or startup item is causing problems. The way to do that is to check the appropriate box on the General tab and then go to Services or Startup, click Disable all, and then check off only one item. You restart the computer and see if that service or startup item is causing the issue with your system. If not, you go to the Services or Startup tab again and check another item. Continue this process until you find your problem service or startup item.

MSCONFIG Boot Tab

Now that we have a clear understanding of the General tab and how it’s connected to both the Services and Startup tabs, let’s talk about the second tab: Boot. This is an important tab because it has a lot of options for how Windows starts up.

Let’s start with Boot options as that’s the main point of this tab. The Advanced options button will normally only be used by programmers writing device drivers for actual hardware.

If you check Safe Boot, you can then pick from four options: Minimal, Alternate shell, Active Directory repair and Network. Let’s go through each option:

– Minimal – This is the standard safe mode that will load the GUI with only the most basic drivers and services enabled. Networking will be disabled in this mode. You can pretty much only open explorer and browse around.

– Alternate shell – This will load safe mode with just the command prompt. The GUI and networking will both be disabled. Only use this mode if you want to run DOS commands.

– Active Directory repair – This is only useful for corporate environments and will probably something your network administrator would use.

– Network – This is like Minimal, except networking is enabled. Useful if you need to connect to a network resource or website for downloading files.

On the right, you’ll see four checkboxes, which means you can check up to all four, if needed. Let’s go through these options:

– No GUI boot – Will simply not show the Windows welcome screen when booting.

– Boot log – Will make a log file of the entire boot process located at %SystemRoot%Ntbtlog.txt. 

– Base video – Will load Windows in minimal VGA mode, which uses standard VGA drivers instead of the drivers that are specific to the video card installed on the machine.

– OS boot information – As drivers are being loaded during the boot up process, the names of the drivers will be shown in the output.

Timeout is the amount of time the boot menu is shown before it selects the default option. If you check the Make all boot settings permanent box, then clicking Normal startup on the General tab will not revert you back to your original settings. You’ll have to manually change any boot settings.

Again, Windows will continue to load in Safe Mode until you go back to the system configuration utility and uncheck it or choose normal startup.

MSCONFIG Services Tab

Next up is the Services tab, which is pretty self-explanatory. The main thing here is that you really don’t want to disable any Microsoft system services. You’ll read lots of articles online about useless Windows services that you should disable, but it’s really not a good idea.

Go ahead and check the Hide all Microsoft services box and you’ll only be left with third-party services.  Disabling third-party services can be useful, but only in certain circumstances. Mostly this tab is used to disable a service that is causing Windows to freeze, blue screen or something else that is not good.

MSCONFIG Startup Tab

The startup tab is by far by favorite tab and really the only reason I actually use the MSCONFIG utility in the first place. It amazes me how slow some client computers are because of the massive number of startup programs. Even if I have a lot, I normally disable 80 percent of them because they aren’t necessary.

Of course you do have to be careful, especially on laptops, because some startup items control your wireless network card or your touchpad and both will stop working if you uncheck them. It’s best to perform a simple Google search with the startup item name or EXE file that you can see under Command.

I’ve also already written an in-depth article on disabling startup programs in Windows, which gives you more tips and pointers on what to and what not to disable.

MSCONFIG Tools Tab

Lastly, there is a useful tab called Tools that basically links out to a whole bunch of other useful utilities in Windows.

This includes everything from information about Windows, UAC settings, action center, troubleshooters, computer management, event viewer, programs, system properties, Internet options, command prompt, registry editor, task manager, system restore, etc. If you can’t remember where to find a tool or setting, it’s probably listed here.

Overall, the system configuration utility is a very handy tool to manage Windows PCs and definitely something you should learn if you want to become a power user. If you have any questions, post a comment. Enjoy!

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