Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad horay u maqashay ereyga ' qashin-electronic^{(electronic waste)} ' iyo waxyeelada ay u geysato deegaanka. Maqaalkani maaha mid ku saabsan qashinka iyo waxyeelada dhulka. Hase yeeshe, waxay diiradda saartaa amniga xogtaada. Taas macnaheedu waa, marka aad iska tuurto taleefoon duug ah, kuma aha ammaan adiga xitaa haddii aad gacanta ku tirtirtay dhammaan xogta qalabkii hore. Aynu si qoto dheer u eegno waxa aan ula jeedo marka aan idhaahdo sida loo isticmaalo qalabka elektarooniga ah si sax ah.

Noocyada qalabka elegtarooniga ah

• Kumbuyuutarrada iyo taleefannada - aaladaha elektiroonigga ah ee isticmaali kara processor-ka iyo nidaamka hawlgalka si ay si toos ah ama gacanta ugu kaydiyaan xogta dhexdeeda waxay ku dhacaan qaybtan
• Warbaahinta Dijital ah -^{(Digital Media –)} tusaale ahaan waxay noqon kartaa kamaradaha dhijitaalka ah iyo ciyaartoyda mp3. Qalab kasta oo ka kooban waxyaabo badan oo warbaahin ah sida muusiga iyo sawirada iwm. artifacts waxay ku dhacaan qaybtan
• Aaladaha Dabiiciga ah^(Devices) - kuwani waa aaladaha ay isticmaalaan qaybaha kale ee elektiroonigga ah si ay u kordhiyaan shaqadooda. Tusaalooyinka waxaa ka mid ah Hard Disk-ga dibadda ah, Kaararka SD^{(SD Cards)} -ga , Ulaha USB-ga^{(USB Sticks)} , iyo waxyaabo la mid ah
• Aaladaha ciyaaraha - Qalabka elektiroonigga ah^{(– Electronic)} ama dhijitaalka ah ee awood u leh inay u soo diraan xogta isku xirka fiilooyinka ama fiilooyinka si loo xakameeyo qalab kasta oo elektaroonig ah
• Aaladaha kale - Aaladaha elegtarooniga ah ee loo isticmaalo madadaalada ama qalabka guriga ayaa ku jira qaybtan; sidoo kale waxa ku jira xog laga yaabo in ay ururiyeen muddo ka dib. Tusaalooyinka aaladaha qaybtaan waa - Smart TVs , kafee-sameeyaha ku xiran, iyo waxyaabo la mid ah. Kuwaas sidoo kale, waxay u baahan yihiin in la nadiifiyo si xogtaadu aysan ugu dhicin gacmaha dadka kale.

Miyaad^(Did) si badbaado leh uga tirtirtay dhammaan xogta qalabkaagii la tuuray?

Qaadashada a Windows 10 tablet ka tusaale ahaan, mid ayaa laga yaabaa inuu sameeyo dib u habeyn software oo uu u qaato inay si sax ah uga tirtireen dhammaan xogta telefoonka. Xaaladdu maaha. Xogta si fudud looga tirtiray qalabka ayaa diyaar u ah soo kabashada. Dhammaan waxa ay u baahan tahay waa qalab kabashada xogta wanaagsan.

Xitaa haddii qofku uu gacanta ku tirtiro waxa ku jira taleefanka isagoo ku xiraya kombuyuutar ama si fudud u tirtiro shayada mid mid, weli ma ahan ammaan. Tirtirka noocaas ah waa la soo celin karaa, xogta mar walbana waa la soo celin karaa (akhri) qofka la wareegaya aaladda la tuuray isagoo isticmaalaya aaladaha soo kabashada xogta. Tani waxay u horseedi kartaa walaac amni marka xogta la tir tiray ay ka kooban tahay macluumaadka sida macluumaadka kaadhka deynta, cinwaanka guriga, iwm.

Sida loo tuuro aaladaha elegtarooniga ah

Waxaa jira habab gaar ah oo xogta looga saaro aaladaha elektiroonigga ah iyadoo lagu saleynayo sida aad u tuurto.

Haddii aad siinayso kumbiyuutar ama qalab elektaroonig ah oo la mid ah qof kale ama hay'ad, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad "nadiifiso" qalabka ka hor inta uusan ka bixin gacantaada. Waxaa jira habab kala duwan oo lagu tuuro aaladaha elektiroonigga ah ama lagu nadiifiyo. Qaar ka mid ah ayaa lagu sheegay hoos.

1. Isticmaal^(Use) dib u dejin adag si aad si ammaan ah u tirtirto taleefannada gacanta iyo tablet-yada. In ka badan inta badan, isku dhafka si loo bilaabo dib u dejin adag waa in la riixo batoonka Awoodda^(Power) iyo Mugga Hoose isku mar. ^(Lower)Haddii taasi shaqayn waydo, waxaad aadi kartaa goobaha taleefanka oo waxaad isticmaali kartaa ikhtiyaarka dib u dejinta. Dejinta Settings > Factory Habka dib u habeynta warshadda waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan ahayn mid la isku halleyn karo inkasta oo aynaan garan doonin sida badbaadada leh ee xogta loo tirtiray iyadoo la adeegsanayo amarkaas. Waxay isku beddeshaa noocyo kala duwan.
2. Isticmaalka software-ka qaarkood sida Microsoft Surface Data Eraser si aad si ammaan ah uga tirtirto xogta kombiyuutarada, telefoonada, tablet-yada, iyo qalabka kale ee elektiroonigga ah sida Digital Cameras , iyo Walkman . Ku dhawaad^(Almost) ​​qalab kasta waxa lagu xidhi karaa Laptop ama PC si loo isticmaalo software-ka tirtirka sugan.
3. Software- ka qaar ayaa bixiya in lagu qoro xogta jirta^{(software offer to write over the existing data)} si kaydinta oo dhan ay u noqoto mid aan la akhriyin. Qaar baa tirtira xogta jirta oo dib u qoraa xarfaha aan tooska ahayn dhammaan meelaha lagu kaydiyo qalabka elegtarooniga ah
4. Waxaa jira dhawr freeware ah oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad tirtirto faylasha si joogto ah^{(delete files permanently)} . Microsoft waxay ku talisay KillDisk iyo DP Wiper boggeeda oo sharraxaya sida loo tuuro kombuyuutarradii hore. Waxa kale oo aad isticmaali kartaa sirta kale ee bilaashka ah^{(free encryption tools)} .
5. Burburinta jirka ee aaladaha kaydinta sidoo kale waa ikhtiyaari haddii aad u maleyneyso in xogta ku jirta disk-ga adag ama kaarka taleefanka ay tahay mid qiimo leh. Haddii xogta ku jirta taleefankaaga ama kumbuyuutarkaaga ay muujin karto siraha adiga kugu saabsan oo aadan ku qanacsanayn software tirtirka diskka, burburka jirka ee xogta waa ikhtiyaar wanaagsan. Jir ahaan dhaawac u geysta Hard Disk-ga ama telefoonada, tablet-yada, iwm, ilaa aad ka hubiso in xogtu ay dhaafsan tahay soo kabashada.
6. Aaladaha kale ee elegtarooniga ah sida TV-yada^(TVs) smart ama kafeega waa in dib loogu dejiyaa xaalada warshadda ka hor inta aan la tuurin; Haddii aad dareento in xogta qalabkaas ay aad muhiim u tahay, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad tixgeliso inaad jir ahaan u burburiso qalabka

Waxa kor ku xusan sida loo burburiyo xogta ka hor inta aanad tuurin qalabka elektarooniga ah ee aad adigu leedahay si xogta ku jirta qalabkooda ay u noqoto mid aan dib loo soo celin karin.

Tuur^(Dispose) qalabka elektarooniga ah - Qodobka deegaanka

Waxaan horey uga qornay mowduucan ku saabsan sida kumbuyuutarka iyo aaladaha elektiroonigga ah ay u wasakhayn karaan dhulka iyo hawada, inta badan, iyaga oo ka dhigaya kuwo aan la isticmaali karin. Faahfaahinta, fadlan akhri Dhibaatada E-Qashinka, Khataraha iyo Xalka.^{(E-Waste Problem, Hazards and Solutions.)}

Hubi inaad hubiso labada arrimood - burburinta xogta, iyo khatarta deegaanka - ka hor intaadan tuurin qalabka elektiroonigga ah.^{(Make sure you check both factors – data destruction, and environmental hazard – before you dispose of electronic devices.)}

Akhri wax la xidhiidha^{(Related read)} : Sida si ammaan ah oo badbaado leh loogu tuuro Kombiyuutarradii hore^{(How to Securely and Safely dispose of old Computers)} .

How to properly dispose of electronic devices

You might already have heаrd of the term ‘electronic waste‘ and the damage it does to the environment. This article is not about waste and damages to the earth. Rather, it focuses on the security of your data. That means, when you throw away an old phone, it is not safe for you even if you have deleted all data on the old device manually. Let’s look deeper into what I mean when I say how to dispose of electronic devices properly.

Types of electronic devices

• Computers and phones – electronic devices that can use a processor and an operating system to automatically or manually store data inside them fall into this category
• Digital Media – an example could be digital cameras and mp3 players. Any device that contains multimedia content such as music and images etc. artifacts fall into this category
• Peripheral Devices – these are the devices that are used by other electronic parts to extend their functionality. Examples are an external hard disk, SD Cards, USB Sticks, and similar things
• Gaming Devices – Electronic or digital devices capable of sending data over wired or wireless connections for controlling any other electronic device
• Other devices – Electronic devices that are used for entertainment or home appliances fall into this category; they too contain some information that they may have collected over time. Examples of this category devices are – Smart TVs, a connected coffee maker, and similar things. These too, need to be sanitized so that your data does not fall into other people’s hands.

Did you delete all data securely from your discarded device?

Taking a Windows 10 tablet as an example, one might perform a software reset and assume that they have deleted all data properly from the phone. It is not the case. The data simply deleted from the device is readily available for recovery. All it requires is a good data recovery tool.

Even if a person deletes phone contents manually by connecting it to a computer or simply deletes items one by one, it still is not safe. That kind of deletions can be undone, and data can always be restored (read) by the person who takes over the discarded device using data recovery tools. This could lead to security concerns when the supposedly deleted data contains information such as credit card information, house address, etc.

How to dispose of electronic devices

There are certain methods to remove data from electronic devices based on how you dispose of them.

If you are giving away any computer or similar electronic device to someone else or any institution, you need to “sanitize” the device before it leaves your hand. There are different methods to dispose of electronic devices or to sanitize them. Some of them are mentioned below.

1. Use hard reset for securely erasing of mobile phones and tablets. More than often, the combination to initiate a hard reset is to press the Power and Lower Volume button at the same time. If that does not work, you can go to phone settings and use the reset option there. The Settings > Factory reset method may not be dependable though as we won’t know how securely data was deleted using that command. It changes among different brands.
2. Using some software like Microsoft Surface Data Eraser to securely wipe off the data from computers, phones, tablets, and other electronics such as Digital Cameras, and Walkman. Almost every device can be connected to a laptop or a PC so that secure erase software may be used on them.
3. Some software offer to write over the existing data so that the entire storage becomes unreadable. Some delete the existing data and rewrite random characters all over the storage place of the electronic devices
4. There are several freeware that will let you delete files permanently. Microsoft has recommended KillDisk and DP Wiper on its page explaining how to dispose of old computers. You may also use other free encryption tools.
5. Physical destruction of storage devices is also an option if you think that the data on the hard disk drive or phone card is valuable. If the data on your phone or computer can reveal secrets about you and you are not satisfied with disk wipe software, physical destruction of the data is a good option. Physically damage the hard disk drive or phones, tablets, etc., until you are sure that the data is beyond recovery.
6. Other electronic devices like smart TVs or coffee makers should be reset to factory condition before being discarded; if you feel data on those devices is too important, you might consider physically destroying the devices

The above states how to destroy data before you dispose of electronic devices that belonged to you so that the data on their storage devices is irrecoverable.

Dispose off electronic devices – The environmental factor

We had already written on this topic of how the computer and electronic devices can pollute both land and air, very often, making them unusable. For details, please read E-Waste Problem, Hazards and Solutions.

Make sure you check both factors – data destruction, and environmental hazard – before you dispose of electronic devices.

Related read: How to Securely and Safely dispose of old Computers.

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