Waad qaadatay oo iibsatay Raspberry Pi . Hambalyo! Haddii aadan haysan kiiboodhka iyo kormeeraha ku xidhan Pi-gaaga, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad meel fog ka xidho kombuyuutar kale oo shabakadaada ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, iyadoo ku xiran sida aad u qorsheyneyso inaad u isticmaasho Pi-gaaga, waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu meeleeyo meel adag oo la gaaro, markaa xitaa haddii aad leedahay kiiboodhka iyo kormeeraha hadda, waxaa laga yaabaa inaanay taasi mar walba dhicin. Waxaad u baahan tahay hab aad meel fog uga xidhi karto Pi kaaga.

Maqaalkan, waxaan ku tusi doonaa sida loo isticmaalo SSH iyo SFTP gudaha Pi kaaga, fulinta amarada, iyo wareejinta faylasha. Waxaan u qaadanaynaa in Raspberry Pi -gaagu uu ku xidhan yahay isla shabakadda kombayutarka aad isticmaalayso si aad ugu xidhidhihiisa.

Waa maxay SSH?

SSH waxay u taagan tahay Secure Shell . Waa hab-maamuuska shabakada caadiga ah kaas oo ku siinaya hab aamin ah oo aad qoraalka dib ugu soo celin karto inta u dhaxaysa Pi gaaga iyo kombayutarka aad isticmaalayso si aad meel fog uga xidho Pi kaaga. Waxaad u isticmaali doontaa hab-maamuuska SSH dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee shay sida gelitaanka eraygaaga sirta ah si aad u gasho Pi kaaga iyo fulinta amarada. 

SSH waxa loo nashqadeeyay sidii badalka Telnet , kaas oo amarrada qoraal cad ugu soo dira shabakada. Taas bedelkeeda, SSH waxay siraysaa amarradaas. Adeeg kasta^(Any) oo shabakadeed wuxuu isticmaali karaa SSH , kaas oo ka shaqeeya dekedda TCP 22. 

Waa maxay SFTP?

SFTP waa u gaaban Hab-maamuuska Wareejinta Faylka Sugan^{(Secure File Transfer Protocol)} . SFTP waa hab degdeg ah oo ku habboon oo lagu kala wareejiyo faylasha u dhexeeya Pi gaaga iyo kombuyuutar kale oo shabakadaada ah. SFTP way ka ammaan badan tahay FTP sababtoo ah, sida SSH , dhammaan xogtaada waa la sir ah inta ay ka safrayso kombuyuutar kale. 

Ma rabto in dhammaan xogtaada lagu wareejiyo qoraal cad, miyaad tahay? Hubaal maaha! Badbaadada, carruurow .^(Stay)

Sida SSH loogu galo Raspberry Pi

Waxaan ku bilaabi doonaa sida loo isticmaalo SSH si loogu xidho Raspberry Pi kaaga PC Windows ee shabakadaada adoo isticmaalaya PuTTY . PuTTY waa mid ka mid ah dhowr macmiil oo SSH ah oo si xor ah loo heli karo. Waxaan jecelnahay PuTTY sababtoo ah waa il furan software kaas oo si buuxda u horumariyay oo ay taageeraan koox tabaruceyaal ah. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa macmiil kasta oo SSH ah oo aad rabto. Kaliya iska hubi inaad soo dejiso oo rakibto ka hor intaadan bilaabin.

1. Hubi^(Make) in SSH ay ka shaqeyso Pi gaaga. Haddii aad xoq ka soo bilaabayso Raspberry Pi 4 , tilmaantan bilawga ah^{(this getting started guide)} waxaa ku jira tilmaamo ku saabsan sidii aad awood ugu yeelan lahayd SSH adiga oo ku abuuraya fayl qoraal ah kaarka SD gudaha Raspberry Pi kaaga . 
2. Haddii aad u malaynayso inaad hubiso in SSH ku shaqaynayo Pi kaaga, marka xigta waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad hesho ciwaanka IP-ga Pi gaaga si aad ula xidhiidho macmiilka SSH sida ^(SSH)PuTTY . Haddii aadan horay u aqoon, waxaad raaci kartaa hagahan^{(follow this guide)} kaas oo faahfaahinaya dhowr hab oo lagu go'aaminayo ciwaanka IP-ga ee Pi.
3. Ku billow PuTTY^(PuTTY) ( ama macmiil kale oo SSH ah) kombuyutarkaaga Windows oo geli ciwaanka IP gaaga Pi. Dekadda SSH waa 22. Macaamiisha SSH intooda badan waxay heli doonaan lambarka dekedda mar horeba la buuxiyey.

1. Dooro Fur^(Open) si aad ugu xirto Pi kaaga.
2. Tani waxay bilaabi doontaa daaqad terminal ah halkaas oo lagu weydiin doono inaad gasho. Geli magaca isticmaalaha oo taabo Gelida^(Enter) . (Magaca isticmaalaha ugu badan ee Pis waa pi .)
3. Marka xigta, ku qor eraygaaga sirta ah ama ku koobiy sanduuqa kombayutarkaga oo hal-midig ku dhufo daaqada terminalka si aad ugu dhejiso. Ogow in eraygaaga sirta ah aan^{(not )} la soo bandhigi doonin markaad wax qorayso. Riix Gelida^(Enter) .

Hadda waxaad ku xidhan tahay Pi-gaaga SSH oo waxaad isticmaali kartaa terminalka si aad ufuliso amarada^{(execute commands)} . Haddii aadan weli bedelin eraygaaga sirta ah ee Pi, tani waa wakhti aad u wanaagsan in taas la sameeyo. Mar haddii SSH la furay, haddii Raspberry Pi -gaagu isticmaalayo erayga sirta ah ee caadiga ah, aad bay u^{(very )} fududaan lahayd qof inuu soo galo!

Sida SFTP Loo Geliyo Raspberry Pi

Xagga sare^(Above) , waxaanu kugu soo marnay sida loo isticmaalo macmiilka SSH si aad si ammaan ah ugu xidho Pi shabakadaada oo aad ufuliso amarada. wareejinta faylasha, waxaanu isticmaali doonaa macmiilka SFTP . Farsamo ahaan, waa suurtagal in lagu wareejiyo faylasha PuTTY , laakiin waa dhib badan. Waxaa aad u fiican in la haysto faylal browser ah oo aad isticmaali karto si aad ugu rarto faylalka jumlad marka aad u baahato.

FileZilla waa macmiil FTP caan ah oo taageera SFTP . Haddii aad ku xidhi karto SSH , markaa waxaad sidoo kale ku xidhi kartaa SFTP . Ku habboon^(Convenient) , miyaanay ahayn?

Isku diyaari adigoo soo dejinaya oo ku rakibaya FileZilla ama macmiilkaaga SFTP ee aad dooratay kombayutarka aad isticmaalayso si aad meel fog uga xidho Pi gaaga. WinSCP waa macmiil kale oo caan ah SFTP . Xusuusnow^(Remember) , uma baahnid server SFTP , kaliya macmiil SFTP ah.^(SFTP)

Talo Pro: Haddii aad ku rakibto FileZilla , iska ilaali marka ay ku weyddiiso inaad ku rakibto McAfee iyo WinZip . Dooro Diid^(Decline) haddii aadan rabin inaad ku rakibto barnaamijyadaas kumbuyuutarkaaga.

1. Bilaw FileZilla^(FileZilla) ama macmiil kale oo SFTP ah .^(SFTP)
2. Goobta ku calaamadsan Host , gali ciwaanka IP gaaga Pi. 

1. Geli magacaaga isticmaale^{(Username )} iyo eraygaaga sirta^(Password) ah . 
2. Dooro Quickconnect . Macmiilkaaga SFTP^(SFTP) waxa laga yaabaa inuu muujiyo ikhtiyaar uu ku kaydinayo eraygaaga sirta ah, laakiin kuma talineyno sababtoo ah macaamiisha qaar ayaa eraygaas sirta ah ku kaydiya fayl qoraal ah oo aan ammaan ahayn. 

1. Marka lagu xiro, waxaad dhex mari kartaa qaab dhismeedka galka ku yaal Pi kaaga oo koobi kara gadaal iyo gadaal u dhexeeya Pi iyo kombiyuutarada kale ee shabakadaada. Dhinaca bidix ee daaqada FileZilla waxay soo bandhigaysaa faylalka maxalliga ah, dhinaca midigna waxay soo bandhigaysaa faylasha kombiyuutarka aad ku xidhay - kiiskan, Pi.

Haddii, tusaale ahaan, aad rabtid in aad koobi ka sameysatid fayl kambuyuutarka deegaankaaga oo aad u gudubto Pi-gaaga, waxaad aadi lahayd gal-galka isha ee bidixda iyo galka meesha aad ku socoto ee dhanka midig. Maamulaha faylka FileZilla wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad jiiddo oo aad dhigto faylasha inta u dhaxaysa goobaha maxaliga ah iyo kuwa fog. 

Helitaanka Mashaariicda Pi

Markaad ku raaxaysato fulinta amarada iyo u wareejinta faylalka Pi-gaaga, waxaad bilaabi doontaa inaad ogaato inta siyaabo kala duwan ee aad Pi-ga u shaqayn karto^{(put your Pi to work)} . Ha^(Don) ku daalin curyaannimada falanqaynta, in kastoo- kaliya soo qaado mashruuc oo quuso! Runtii waa habka ugu wanaagsan ee wax loo barto.

How to SSH or SFTP Into Your Raspberry Pi

You’ve taken the plunge and bought a Raspberry Pi. Congrаtulations! If you don’t have a keyboard and monitor connеcted to your Pi, you’ll need to remotely cоnnect to it from another computer on yоur network. Moreover, depending on how you plan to use your Pi, it might be placed in a difficult-to-reaсh place, so even if you have a keyboard and monitor attached now, that might not always be the case. You need some way to remotеly connect to your Pi.

In this article, we’ll show you how to use SSH and SFTP into your Pi, execute commands, and transfer files. We’ll assume that your Raspberry Pi is on the same network as the computer you’re using to connect to it.

What Is SSH?

SSH stands for Secure Shell. It’s a standard network protocol that gives you a secure way to send text back and forth between your Pi and the computer you’re using to remotely connect to your Pi. You’ll use the SSH protocol for all kinds of things like entering your password to log into your Pi and executing commands. 

SSH was designed as a replacement for Telnet, which sends commands in plain text over the network. In contrast, SSH encrypts those commands. Any network service can use SSH, which operates over TCP port 22. 

What Is SFTP?

SFTP is short for Secure File Transfer Protocol. SFTP is a fast and convenient way to transfer files between your Pi and another computer on your network. SFTP is more secure than FTP because, just like with SSH, all your data is encrypted while it’s traveling from one computer to another. 

You don’t want all your data to be transferred in plain text, do you? Certainly not! Stay safe, kids.

How to SSH Into a Raspberry Pi

We’ll start with how to use SSH to connect to your Raspberry Pi from a Windows PC on your network using PuTTY. PuTTY is one of several SSH clients that are freely available. We like PuTTY because it’s open source software that’s completely developed and supported by a team of volunteers. You can use whatever SSH client you want. Just be sure to download and install it before you begin.

1. Make sure SSH is enabled on your Pi. If you’re starting from scratch with a Raspberry Pi 4, this getting started guide includes instructions on how to enable SSH by creating a text file on the SD card within your Raspberry Pi. 
2. Assuming you’re certain that SSH is enabled on your Pi, next you’ll need to find your Pi’s IP address in order to connect to it with an SSH client like PuTTY. If you don’t already know it, you can follow this guide which details several methods of determining your Pi’s IP address.
3. Launch PuTTY (or another SSH client) on your Windows PC and enter your Pi’s IP address. The SSH port is 22. Most SSH clients will have the port number filled in already.

1. Select Open to connect to your Pi.
2. This will launch a terminal window where you’ll be asked to login. Enter your username and press Enter. (The default username for most Pis is pi.)
3. Next, type your password or copy it to the clipboard on your PC and single-right-click in the terminal window to paste it. Note that your password will not be displayed as you type. Press Enter.

You are now connected to your Pi via SSH and can use the terminal to execute commands. If you haven’t changed your Pi’s default password yet, this is a great time to do that. Since SSH is enabled, if your Raspberry Pi is using the default password, it would be very easy for someone to break in!

How to SFTP Into a Raspberry Pi

Above, we walked you through how to use an SSH client to securely connect to a Pi on your network and execute commands. For transferring files, we’ll use an SFTP client. Technically, it is possible to transfer files with PuTTY, but it’s cumbersome. It’s much nicer to have a file browser you can use to move files in bulk when you need to.

FileZilla is a popular FTP client that supports SFTP. If you can connect with SSH, then you can connect with SFTP as well. Convenient, isn’t it?

Prepare by downloading and installing FileZilla or your SFTP client of choice on the computer you’re using to remotely connect to your Pi. WinSCP is another popular SFTP client. Remember, you don’t need an SFTP server, just an SFTP client.

Pro Tip: If you install FileZilla, watch out for when it asks you to install McAfee and WinZip. Select Decline if you don’t want to install those programs on your computer.

1. Launch FileZilla or another SFTP client.
2. In the field marked Host, enter your Pi’s IP address. 

1. Enter your Username and Password. 
2. Select Quickconnect. Your SFTP client might display an option to save your password, but we don’t recommend it because some clients save that password in an unsecure text file. 

1. Once connected, you can navigate through the folder structure on your Pi and copy files back and forth between the Pi and other computers on your network. The left side of the FileZilla window displays local files, and the right side displays files on the computer you connected to—in this case, your Pi.

If, for example, you wanted to copy a file from your local computer to your Pi, you’d navigate to the source folder on the left and the destination folder on the right. FileZilla’s file manager allows you to drag and drop files between local and remote sites. 

Finding Pi Projects

Once you get comfortable with executing commands and transferring files to and from your Pi, you’ll start to realize just how many different ways you can put your Pi to work. Don’t give in to analysis paralysis, though—just pick a project and dive in! It really is the best way to learn.

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