Netflix waa horyaalnimada adeegyada baahinta iyo hormoodkeedii ugu horreeyay ee guulaysta. Shirkaddu waxay qaabaysay waxa ay qabtaan adeegyada qulqulka iyo sida ay u sameeyaan, laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa inaad la yaabto sida Netflix u shaqeyso.

Iyadoo tartamayaasha sida Amazon Prime Video , HBO Max , Apple TV + , Hulu , iyo in ka badan, Netflix waa in ay maamulaan dhar casri ah. Aan kala furfurno tafaasiisha.

Taariikhda Netflix oo kooban

Netflix waxay nolosheeda u bilaawday sidii ganacsi kiro DVD ah oo ku salaysan internet- ka. Waxay xanuunka ka saartay tagitaanka dukaanka fiidiyooga waxayna bixisay sharciyo dabacsan oo aan wax ciqaab ah lahayn. Markii Netflix la aasaasay 1997, bandwidth internetku wuxuu ahaa mid aan awood u lahayn inuu la tartamo tayada sawirka fiilada ama TV-ga baahinta. Qofna si dhab ah uma tixgeliyo inaad ka heli doonto bandhigyada TV-gaaga isku xirka internetka!

Toban sano ka dib markii shirkadda la aasaasay, waxay bilowday bixinta adeegyada qulqulka. Netflix waxay ahayd adeeg isku-dhafan muddo sanado ah, oo bixisa labadaba streaming iyo DVD (ka dib Blu-ray ) kiro ahaan boostada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, markii ganacsigeeda qulqulka ah uu bilaabay inuu bilaabo oo maktabadda nuxurku korodhay, tartameyaal kale ayaa soo baxay.

Qaybta DVD ee meheradda waa dhan laakiin hadda way xidhan tahay. Netflix ayaa si weyn u maalgalinaysa barnaamijyada asalka ah tan iyo markii mulkiilayaal badan oo ka mid ah waxyaabaha ku jiri jiray Netflix (gaar ahaan Disney ) ayaa hadda u jiiday nuxurka aaladaha qulqulka.

Qaabka Ganacsiga Netflix

Hadafka Netflix waa inuu kobciyo saldhigga macaamiisha sida ugu macquulsan. Shirkaddu waxay u baahan tahay inay balaadhiso si ay u muujiso xasilloon, dakhliga muddada-dheer ee macaamiisha daacadda ah ee bishiiba.

Sida ay u taagan tahay, Netflix waxay bixisaa tusmada fiidiyoow ee la rabo oo leh isku dhafka qolo saddexaad iyo waxyaabaha guriga dhexdiisa ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, nuxurka Netflix wuxuu ku faafaa dhammaan noocyada noocyada, iyo taxanahoodii asalka ahaa ee TV-ga iyo filimaanku waxay ku celceliyaan faafitaan isku mid ah bixinta hiddaha.

Waxa xusid mudan oo ku saabsan Netflix iyo sida ay u abuurto nuxurka asalka ah^{(original content)} waa in shirkaddu ay ururiso macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan caadooyinka daawashada macaamiisha. Si ka duwan^(Unlike) qiimeynta TV-ga, oo kaliya siinaya fikrad khaldan waxa ay dadku jecel yihiin inay daawadaan, Netflix wuu garanayaa sida saxda ah waxaad u daawato, sida aad u daawato, iyo xitaa barta saxda ah ee bandhigga ama filimka aad luminayso xiisaha.

Isticmaalka xogtan faahfaahsan, shirkaddu waxay abuurtay qaar ka mid ah TV-ga asalka ah ee la garaacay kaas oo ku yaal Netflix oo kaliya kadibna lagu iibiyo warbaahinta jirka. Ma aha in la xuso dhammaan baayacmushtarka iyo warbaahinta isku xidhka ee la socota ganacsiyada guuleysta sida Waxyaabaha shisheeye^{(Stranger Things)} ama Witcher -ka . Bandhigyada sida House of Cards iyo Netflix Original documentaries sida cajiibka ah Macallinkayga Octopus^{(My Octopus Teacher)} ayaa fure u ah in dadka laga soo galo albaabka oo lagu haayo.

Qorshayaasha Diiwaangelinta Netflix

Netflix waxay bixisaa qorshayaal dhowr ah oo leh qiimo kala duwan. Gobolada qaar ee aduunka, waxay sidoo kale bixiyaan qorshooyin aan laga helin USA . Tusaale ahaan, Koonfur Afrika^{(South Africa)} , waxaa jira (qiyaastii) $3 qorshe Netflix mobilada ah oo loogu talagalay shakhsiyaadka, xaddidaya adeegga casriga ama tablet-ka tayada SD ( Standard Definition ).

Waxaa jira saddex qorshe oo ka dhexeeya dhammaan gobollada, in kasta oo qiimuhu ku kala duwan yahay gobol ahaan. Qorshaha aasaasiga^(Basic) ah wuxuu ogol yahay hal il oo tayada SD ah. Qorshaha caadiga^(Standard) ah wuxuu u oggolaanayaa laba durdurrada tayada HD ( Qeexida Sare^{(High Definition)} ), iyo ugu dambeyntii, qorshaha Premium wuxuu u oggolaanayaa afar durdurro isku mar ah tayada UHD ( Ultra HD 4K ).

TV-yada UHD^{(UHD TVs)} aad bay u sii badanayaan, markaa waa nasiib darro in tayada 4K lagu xidho heerka afarta shaashad haddii aad keli ku nooshahay ama aad ku jirto guri ay ku nool yihiin wax ka yar afar qof. Tani waxay suurtogal tahay inay tahay mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu muhiimsan ee isticmaalayaasha Netflix ay la wadaagaan akoonnada qoyska iyo asxaabta, in kasta oo Netflix ay ku adkaysanayso dhaqankan.

Haddii aad rabto in aad wax yar ka bixiso Netflix , hubi sida aad ku heli karto Netflix lacag la'aan ama qiimo jaban^{(how to get Netflix for free or at a reduced price)} .

Waxyaabaha la soo dejiyay Netflix

Mar haddii aan inta badan ka go'no isku xirka shabakadaha ballaaran ee gurigeena marka aan safrayno, safrayno, ama si fudud meel aan lahayn internet wanaagsan, aad ayey u fiican tahay in la ogaado in aad ku soo dejisan karto waxyaabaha Netflix qalabkaaga oo aad daawato mar dambe.

Ma soo dejisan kartid qayb kasta oo ka mid ah nuxurka Netflix maadaama qofka shatiga haysta qayb kasta oo ka mid ah ka kooban yahay uu bixiyo ogolaanshaha xuquuqda soo dejinta. 

Laakiin waad soo dejisan kartaa dhammaan waxyaabaha asalka ah ee Netflix ilaa inta aan sheegi karno, iyo haddii aad aado qaybta soo dejinta ee barnaamijka Netflix , waxaad shaandheyn kartaa waxyaabaha ku jira si aad u muujiso kaliya kuwa la soo dejin karo.

Netflix sidoo kale waxay bixisaa shaqo soo dejiso Smart^{(Smart Download)} ah, halkaasoo qaybta xigta ee taxanaha aad daawato si toos ah loo soo dejiyo marka qalabkaagu ku jiro WiFi .  Netflix sidoo kale waxay si hordhac ah u soo dejisan doontaa waxay muujineysaa inay u maleyneyso inaad rabto inaad daawato. Markaa haddii aad waligaa si lama filaan ah ugu xayiran tahay DMV , waxaad heli doontaa wax aad wakhtiga ku dhaafto diyaar oo aad sugto.

Ciyaarta mobilada ee Netflix

Netflix waxa ay sii ballaadhinaysaa repertoire ka baxsan baahinta tusmada muuqaalka iyo dunida ciyaaraha mobaylada. Heer kasta oo koontada Netflix ah waxaa ka mid ah gelitaanka cinwaannada ciyaaraha mobaylada^{(mobile gaming titles)} ee shirkadda waxaana laga geli karaa tabka ciyaaraha ee abka moobaylka.

Haddii koobabka hadda jira ay mudan yihiin in la ciyaaro marka la barbar dhigo kuwa la midka ah ee Apple Arcade waa laga doodi karaa. Laakiin haddii aad horay u ahayd macaamiil Netflix , dhib ma yeeli karto inaad isku daydo.

Tiknoolajiyada qulqulka Netflix

Netflix waa hormuudka tignoolajiyada fiidyaha ee la rabo. Haddi aad waligaa adeega u isticmaashay xidhiidh gaabis ah, waxa laga yaaba in aad la dhacsan tahay sida la daawado karo xataa marka aanu internetku fiicnayn.

Netflix waxay isticmaashaa hab socodka " bitrate-^{(adaptive bitrate)} ka la qabsiga " kaas oo si firfircoon wax uga beddelaya tayada fiidiyowga ee xallinta la bixiyay marka xaaladaha shabakadu isbeddelaan. Iyadoo ku xiran xaaladaha shabakada, waxay sidoo kale si aan kala go 'lahayn ugu beddeli kartaa qulqulka xallinta hoose ama sare.

Fiidiyow kasta oo ku jira Netflix sidoo kale waxaa lagu soo daray qaabab kala duwan si ay ugu habboonaato madal nuxurka lagu sii daayo. Tusaale ahaan, iPad-ka ama iPhone-ka, Netflix waxay isticmaashaa H.264 video codec , laakiin qalabka UHD (4K), waxay isticmaashaa H.265 HEVC ( Video Codec-ka waxtarka sare leh^{(High-efficiency Video Codec)} ).

Netflix waxay haysaa faahfaahinta saxda ah ee tignoolajiyadeeda sirta ah maadaama ay tahay faa'iido weyn oo tartan ah. Sidaas oo ay tahay, waxaad arki kartaa nidaamkooda dareemada tayada oo shaqaynaya adiga oo dhaqaajinaya dahaadhka cabbirka tayada leh. 

Tani way ka duwan tahay abka ilaa abka. Tusaale ahaan, waxaad ku arki kartaa tayada socodka hadda ee Samsung smart TV adiga oo riixaya badhanka "Info" ee fogaanta. Haddii aad ku jirto PC ama Mac , waxaad u soo qaadan kartaa istaatistikada tooska ah ee buuxa ee fiidiyowga hadda jira adiga oo riixaya Ctrl + Alt + Shift + D ama Control + Options + Shift + D ee Mac.

Dhismaha Shabakadda Caalamiga ah ee Netflix

Kaabayaasha qalabka si ay u taageeraan xawaaraha baaxadda ballaaran iyo ka shaqeynta adeegga gaajada sida Netflix waa mid cajiib ah. Sidoo kale waa qaali, sidaa darteed Netflix ma iibsato, ma dhisto, mana ilaaliso xarumaheeda xogta. Taa baddalkeeda, waxay Amazon ku bixisaa adeegyada daruuraha, taas oo u muuqan karta wax yaab leh iyadoo la tixgelinayo in Amazon ay sidoo kale tahay tartan toos ah Netflix oo leh adeeggeeda Fiidiyowga Fiidiyowga^{(Prime Video)} . 

Mar labaad, Amazon waa mid ka mid ah shirkado fara-ku-tiris ah oo leh khibrad iyo tiknoolaji si ay u taageeraan adeegyada waaweyn ee daruuraha. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad la yaabto inaad ogaato in shirkado badan ay yihiin macaamiisha Amazon , Microsoft , iyo Google , kuwaas oo si farxad leh u iibin doona adeegyada daruuraha qof kasta, oo ay ku jiraan midba midka kale.

The Netflix CDN Solution

Qalabka saxda ah ee saxda ah ayaa isbeddelaya wakhtiga marka ay bixiyeyaasha daruuraha kor u qaadaan oo ay hagaajiyaan nidaamkooda. Mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu muhiimsan ee loo isticmaalo shirkad sida Amazon waa joogitaankeeda caalamiga ah. Adeeg sida Netflix wuxuu u baahan yahay CDN ama Shabakadda Gudbinta Maaddada. ^{(Content Delivery Network.)}Kuwani waa xarumaha xogta jireed ee ku baahsan adduunka oo dhan.

Marka isticmaale gobol gaar ah uu codsado filim ama dhacdo, waxa ku jira waxa u adeega xarunta xogta ee ugu dhow isticmaalahaas. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay inay helayaan waqtiyada jawaabta ugu degdega badan oo leh xajmiyeed heer sare ah. Dhanka kale, Netflix maaha in ay bixiso qarashka qaaliga ah ee xawaaraha caalamiga ah.

CDN-yada^(CDNs) casriga ahi waa kuwo casri ah. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tahay qofka ugu horreeya ee gobolkaaga si aad u codsatid qayb gaar ah, waxay u badan tahay in laguugu adeegi doono noodhka CDN kaas oo ka sii fogaanaya, laakiin xagga dambe waxa lagu kaydiyaa unugga CDN ee kuugu dhow. si mustaqbalka isticmaalayaasha maxalliga ahi ay si dhakhso leh u heli doonaan.

Netflix Edge iyo Xisaabinta

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad maqashay ereyga " Computing Edge^{(edge computing)} " oo lagu sheegay isla neefta Netflix , laakiin waxaa soo baxday in shirkadu aysan wali si dhab ah u isticmaalin habkan xisaabinta daruuraha.

Xisaabinta Edge^(Edge) waa hab lagu qaybiyo awoodda xisaabinta ee loo baahan yahay si loogu gudbiyo macluumaadka iyo adeegyada isticmaalayaasha. Meel kasta^(Wherever) oo habaynta looga baahan yahay, qaar ka mid ah waxaa lagu sameeyaa server-yada ugu dhow isticmaalaha.

Tani waxay u egtahay CDN oo kale , waxaana jira xoogaa isku dhafan oo u dhexeeya fikradaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, CDN^(CDNs) -yadu waxay ku kaydiyaan xogta kaydsan cidhifyada shabakada. Xaaladda Netflix, waxay isticmaalaan aaladaha loo yaqaan 'Open Connect caching servers', kuwaas oo inta badan lagu rakibay ISP^(ISPs) -yada ( Bixiyeyaasha Adeegga Internetka^{(Internet Service Providers)} ), si shabakadda ISP ay ugu adeegto.

Iyadoo haysashada nuxurka lagu hayo cidhifka shabakadu waa faa'iido ay wadaagaan CDN^(CDNs) -yada iyo xisaabinta geesaha labadaba, kan dambe wuxuu kaloo bixiyaa daahsoon hoose oo caawiya codsiyada waqtiga-dhabta ah sida ciyaaraha khadka tooska ah, qulqulka tooska ah, iyo codsiyada daruuraha. Adeegyada baahida loo qabo^(On-demand) sida Netflix ma arki doonaan faa'iidooyin kale oo dhaafsiisan waxa CDN -doodu ay horay u bixisay. 

Taas oo la yiraahdo, Netflix waxay xiisaynaysaa tignoolajiyada shabakada 5G iyo xisaabinta geesaha^{(5G network technology and edge computing)} si ay u horumariyaan wax soo saarkooda asalka ah ee asalka ah. Maadaama ay aad ugu fududaan lahayd shaqaalaha goobta jooga inay u soo diraan muuqaal cayriin tifaftirayaasha ama madaxda kuwaas oo noqon kara dhinaca kale ee meeraha!

Macaamiisha Software Netflix

Netflix waxay leedahay macaamiil badan oo software oo kala duwan si ay ugu adeegaan waxyaabaha ku jira aaladaha kala duwan. Qaar ka mid ah macaamiisha software waa dhammaadka nolosha, sida midda Sony PlayStation 3 . Qalabka ciyaarta sida Xbox One iyo PlayStation 4 waa la taageeraa.

Sida aan kor ku soo sheegnay, habka codaynta ee codka iyo fiidyaha way kala duwanaan karaan iyadoo ku xidhan nooca aaladda aad isticmaalayso Netflix . Tusaale ahaan, inta badan aaladaha casriga ah sida sanduuqyada sare (tusaale, Fire TV, Chromecast , ama Roku ) iyo taleefannada casriga ah waxay leeyihiin qalab-dejiyayaal si ay u xakameeyaan fiidiyoowga H.264 .

Waxaa jira apps Android iyo iOS, apps TV smart for Android TV, Samsung's Tizen , iyo wax ku saabsan wax kasta oo smart TV ah oo isticmaala wax aan Android ahayn . Ma jiro macmiil u gaar ah Windows iyo macOS, laakiin waxaad ka daawan kartaa Netflix adoo adeegsanaya biraawsarkaaga.

Sida Netflix u ilaaliso waxa ku jira

Budhcad-badeednimadu waxay dhibaato ku tahay abuurayaasha nuxurka nooc kasta leh. Netflix waxay kula dagaallantaa qalab kala duwan oo DRM ah ( Maareynta Xuquuqda Dijital ah^{(Digital Rights Management)} ) si ay uga hortagto koobiyeynta aan la oggolayn ee durduraheeda. Nooc kasta oo DRM ah ayaa la mid ah nidaamka hawlgalka qalabka ee uu ku shaqeeyo maadaama ay leeyihiin shuruudo kala duwan.

Dabcan, jaleecada aan caadiga ahayn ee goobaha qulqulka leh sida Pirate Bay waxay muujineysaa in mid ka mid ah ilaalintan aysan shaqeynin maadaama nuxurka Netflix uu diyaar yahay. Ka dib oo dhan, kaliya hal hacker waa inuu ka adkaado DRM si uu u helo nuqul ilaalin ah oo bilaash ah si uu ugu faafo internetka sida dabka duurjoogta ah.

Xayiraadaha Gobolka ee Netflix

In kasta oo ay u muuqato wax yar oo la yaab leh in lagu xaddido nuxurka dhijitaalka ah aagag gaar ah, dhinacyo badan oo dhaxalgal ah oo filim iyo qaybin TV ah ayaa wali khuseeya adeegyada casriga casriga ah.

Maalmihii hore, Netflix si rasmi ah ayaa looga heli karaa Maraykanka^(USA) oo keliya . Isticmaalayaasha ka baxsan Mareykanka^(USA) waxay isticmaali karaan adeegga VPN^{(use a VPN)} ama Smart DNS si ay uga gudbaan xaddidaadaha gobolka, Netflixna^(Netflix) uma eka inay dhibayso. Shirkaddu waxay u muuqatay mid ku faraxsan inay lacag-bixinta ka qaadato kaararka deynta ee aan Maraykanka ahayn! Ka dib markii Netflix ay dhamaystirtay dhammaan shatiyada adag ee loo baahan yahay si caalami ah, waxay si degdeg ah u xannibeen isticmaalayaasha VPN . 

Buugga Netflix ee gobollada kale wuxuu ku bilaabmay magacyo yar, laakiin maanta Netflix wuxuu bixiyaa waxyaabo badan meel kasta oo aad joogtid. Dhab ahaantii, macaamiisha aan Maraykanka ahayn ayaa mararka qaarkood helaya nuxur ay isticmaalayaasha Maraykanku u baahan yihiin inay ka helaan meelo kale. Sida Star Trek Discovery , kaas oo ahaa kaliya Netflix ka baxsan Maraykanka ilaa ay ka saareen.

Bixiyeyaasha VPN^(VPN) waxay ogaadeen sida looga gudbi karo xannibaadaha Netflix , laakiin ma jirto dhiirigelin intaas le'eg oo lagu sameeyo.

Eray ku saabsan Netflix ISP Throttling

Taasi waa macluumaad badan oo ku saabsan sida Netflix u shaqeyso, laakiin waxaa xusid mudan sida Netflix mararka qaarkood aysan u shaqeynin. Adeegyada qulqulka ah sida Netflix waa hogs baaxad weyn, qaar ISP^(ISPs) -yada qaarkood waxay u qaadeen inay xayiraan taraafikada Netflix.com , iyagoo xaddidaya tayada fiidiyowga macaamiishooda heli karaan. Markaa xataa haddii aad bixinayso UHD , waxa laga yaabaa in lagu xaddido HD beddelkeeda.

Ma jiro wax Netflix ay arrintan si toos ah uga qaban karto marka laga reebo in ay la xaajooto ISP^(ISPs) -yada , laakiin shirkaddu waxay soo bandhigtay adeegeeda tijaabinta xawaaraha internet-ka oo u gaar ah oo lagu magacaabo Fast.com . Tani waxay tijaabinaysaa xawaarahaaga interneedka ilaa barta internetka ee Netflix , oo haddii ay aad uga gaabinayso xawaraha baladhan ee aad wax ku bixinayso, waxa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad kalmad la yeelato adeeg bixiyahaaga.

How Does Netflix Work? A Brief History and Overview

Netflix is the reigning champion of streaming services and its earliest successful pioneer. The company has shaped what streaming services do and how they do it, but you may be wondering how Netflix works.

With competitors like Amazon Prime Video, HBO Max, Apple TV +, Hulu, and more, Netflix has to run a sophisticated outfit. Let’s unpack the details.

Netflix’s History in a Nutshell

Netflix started life as an internet-based DVD rental business. It took the pain out of going to a video store and offered lenient rules with no penalties. When Netflix was founded in 1997, internet bandwidth was incapable of competing with the image quality of cable or broadcast TV. No one seriously considered that you’d get your TV shows through an internet connection!

Ten years after the company was founded, it began offering streaming services. Netflix was a hybrid service for years, offering both streaming and DVD (later Blu-ray) rentals by mail. However, as its streaming business started to take off and the content library grew, other competitors emerged.

The DVD part of the business is all but shut down now. Netflix is investing heavily in original programming since many owners of content that used to be on Netflix (especially Disney) have now pulled that content into their streaming platforms.

The Netflix Business Model

Netflix’s goal is to grow its subscriber base as much as possible. The company needs to expand to demonstrate a stable, long-term income stream from loyal monthly subscribers.

As it stands, Netflix offers on-demand video content with a mix of third-party and in-house content. In addition, Netflix content is spread across virtually all genres, and their original TV series and movies echo the same spread of genre offerings.

What’s notable about Netflix and how it creates original content is that the company gathers detailed information on subscribers’ viewing habits. Unlike TV ratings, which only give a crude idea of what people like to watch, Netflix knows exactly what you watch, how you watch it, and even the exact point in a show or movie you lose interest in.

Using this detailed data, the company has created some smash-hit original TV that’s only on Netflix and later sold on physical media. Not to mention all of the merchandise and tie-in media that go with successful franchises such as Stranger Things or The Witcher. Shows like House of Cards and Netflix Original documentaries like the phenomenal My Octopus Teacher are key to getting people through the door and keeping them there.

Netflix Subscription Plans

Netflix offers several plans that have varying prices. In some regions of the world, they also offer plans that aren’t available in the USA. For example, in South Africa, there’s a (roughly) $3 mobile Netflix plan for individuals, limiting the service to a smartphone or tablet at SD (Standard Definition) quality.

There are three plans common to all regions, although pricing does vary by region. The Basic plan allows for a single stream at SD quality. The Standard plan allows two streams at HD (High Definition) quality, and finally, the Premium plan allows four simultaneous streams at UHD (Ultra HD 4K) quality.

UHD TVs are becoming more and more common, so it’s unfortunate that 4K quality is locked into the four-screen tier if you’re living alone or are in a household with fewer than four people. This is possibly one of the key reasons Netflix users share accounts with family and friends, although Netflix is clamping down on this practice.

If you want to pay less for Netflix, check out how to get Netflix for free or at a reduced price.

Netflix Downloaded Content

Since we’re often cut off from our home broadband connections when traveling, commuting, or simply at a place without decent internet, it’s great to know that you can download Netflix content to your device and watch it later.

You cannot download every piece of content on Netflix since the license holder of every piece of content has to provide permission for download rights. 

But you can download all Netflix original content as far as we can tell, and if you go to the download section of the Netflix app, you can filter content to only show those that can be downloaded.

Netflix also offers a Smart Download function, where the next episode in a series you’re watching is automatically downloaded when your device is on WiFi.  Netflix will also preemptively download shows that it thinks you might want to watch. So if you’re ever stuck at the DMV unexpectedly, you’ll have something to pass the time ready and waiting.

Netflix Mobile Gaming

Netflix is expanding its repertoire beyond streaming video content and into the mobile gaming world. Every Netflix account tier includes access to the company’s mobile gaming titles and can be accessed from the gaming tab in the mobile app.

Whether the titles currently available are worth playing when compared against the likes of Apple Arcade is debatable. But if you’re already a Netflix subscriber, it can’t hurt to give them a try.

Netflix Streaming Technology

Netflix is a pioneer of on-demand video streaming technology. If you’ve ever used the service on a slow connection, you may have been impressed with how watchable it is even when the internet isn’t great.

Netflix uses an “adaptive bitrate” streaming method that dynamically changes the video quality at a given resolution as network conditions change. Depending on network conditions, it can also switch seamlessly to a lower or higher resolution stream.

Each video stream on Netflix is also included in various formats to best match the platform the content is streamed on. For example, on an iPad or iPhone, Netflix uses the H.264 video codec, but on UHD (4K) devices, it uses H.265 HEVC (the High-efficiency Video Codec).

Netflix keeps the exact details of its technology secret since it’s a major competitive advantage. Still, you can see their quality sensing system in action by activating the quality metric overlay. 

This differs from app to app. For example, you can see the current streaming quality on a Samsung smart TV by pressing the “Info” button on the remote. If you’re on a PC or Mac, you can bring up the full live stats for the current video by pressing Ctrl + Alt + Shift + D or Control + Options + Shift + D on a Mac.

Netflix Global Network Architecture

The hardware infrastructure to support a massive bandwidth and processing hungry service like Netflix is impressive. It’s also costly, so Netflix doesn’t buy, build, or maintain its own data centers. Instead, it pays Amazon for cloud services, which might seem weird considering that Amazon is also a direct competitor to Netflix with its Prime Video service. 

Then again, Amazon is one of only a handful of companies with the expertise and technology to support major cloud services. You may be surprised to learn that many companies are customers of Amazon, Microsoft, and Google, who’ll happily sell cloud services to anyone, including each other.

The Netflix CDN Solution

The exact hardware changes with time as cloud providers upgrade and improve their systems. One of the key reasons to use a company like Amazon is its global presence. A service like Netflix needs a CDN or Content Delivery Network. These are physical data centers spread across the world.

When a user in a specific region requests a movie or episode, the content is served by the data center nearest to that user. This means they get the snappiest response times with excellent bandwidth. Meanwhile, Netflix doesn’t have to pay for more expensive international bandwidth.

Modern CDNs are sophisticated. For example, if you’re the first person in your region to request a specific piece of content, you’ll likely be served by a CDN node that’s further away, but in the background that content is cached to the CDN unit closer to you so that in future local users will get their more quickly.

Netflix Edge and Computing

You may have heard the term “edge computing” mentioned in the same breath as Netflix, but it turns out that the company is not yet actually using this cloud computing method.

Edge computing is a way to distribute the computing power needed to deliver content and services to users. Wherever processing is required, some of it is done on servers nearest the user.

This sounds like a CDN, and there’s some overlap between the concepts. However, CDNs store cached data at the edges of a network. In Netflix’s case, they use devices called Open Connect caching servers, which are often installed with ISPs (Internet Service Providers), so that the ISP’s network can serve them.

While having content hosted at the edge of a network is an advantage shared by both CDNs and edge computing, the latter also offers lower latencies that help real-time applications such as online gaming, live streaming, and cloud applications. On-demand services like Netflix wouldn’t see any further benefits beyond what their CDN already offers. 

That being said, Netflix is interested in 5G network technology and edge computing to improve their actual original content production. Since it would make it much easier for on-location crews to send raw footage to editors or executives who could be on the other side of the planet!

Netflix Software Clients

Netflix has many different software clients to serve content on various devices. Some software clients are end of life, such as the one for the Sony PlayStation 3. Gaming consoles like Xbox One and PlayStation 4 are still supported.

As we mentioned above, the encoding method for sound and video can differ depending on what sort of device you’re using Netflix. For example, most modern devices such as set top boxes (e.g., Fire TV, Chromecast, or Roku) and smartphones have hardware decoders to handle H.264 video.

There are Android and iOS apps, smart TV apps for Android TV, Samsung’s Tizen, and just about any smart TV brand that uses something other than Android. There is no dedicated software client for Windows and macOS, but you can watch Netflix through a web browser.

How Netflix Protects Its Content

Piracy is a problem for content creators of all types. Netflix combats it with different DRM (Digital Rights Management) tools to prevent unauthorized copying of its streams. Each type of DRM is matched to the device’s operating system that it runs on since they have different requirements.

Of course, a casual glance at torrenting sites like The Pirate Bay shows that none of these protections work since Netflix content is readily available. After all, only a single hacker has to defeat the DRM for a protection-free copy to spread across the internet like wildfire.

Netflix Regional Restrictions

While it seems a little strange to restrict digital content to specific geographical areas, many legacy aspects of film and TV distribution still apply to modern streaming services.

In the early days, Netflix was only available officially in the USA. Users outside the USA could use a VPN or Smart DNS service to get around the regional restrictions, and Netflix didn’t seem bothered by it. The company seemed perfectly happy to take payments from non-US credit cards! After Netflix finalized all the complex licensing needed to roll out internationally, they rapidly blocked VPN users. 

The Netflix catalog in other regions started with few titles, but today Netflix offers plenty of content wherever you may be. In fact, non-US subscribers sometimes get content that US users need to find elsewhere. Such as Star Trek Discovery, which was only on Netflix outside of the US until they removed it.

VPN providers have figured out how to get around the Netflix blocks, but there isn’t that much incentive to do it anymore.

A Word on Netflix ISP Throttling

That’s a lot of information on how Netflix works, but it’s worth noting how Netflix sometimes doesn’t work. Streaming services like Netflix are massive bandwidth hogs, and some ISPs have taken to throttling traffic from Netflix.com, limiting the video quality their customers can get. So even if you’re paying for UHD, you may be limited to HD instead.

There’s nothing Netflix can do about this directly other than negotiate with ISPs, but the company has launched its own internet speed testing service named Fast.com. This tests your internet speed to the Netflix website domain, and if it’s much slower than the broadband speed you’re paying for, you may want to have a word with your service provider.

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