Waayadan danbe, tignoolajiyada RAID^{(RAID technology)} waxa la galiyay ku dhawaad ​​codsi kasta sida desktop-yada, server-yada, Laptop-yada, agabka kaydinta iyo deegaanka kuwaas oo u baahan tiro badan oo Hard Disk-yada ah. RAID waxay u taagan tahay Habayn badan oo Disks-yada aan qaali ahayn. ^{(Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks.)}Waxay isticmaashaa tignoolajiyada wax-ku-oolaynta kaydinta si ay u horumariso waxqabadka iyo isku halaynta aaladaha kaydinta.

Waa maxay RAID?

Tiknoolajiyada RAID^(RAID) waa dariiqo lagu tarjumo wadiiqooyin badan oo diskooga ah hal ama in ka badan oo unug macquul ah oo loo yaqaan heerarka RAID . Xogta fayl kasta waxaa loo qaybiyaa dhammaan saxanadaha dhowr siyaabood oo loo tixraaco heerarka RAID . Xulashada heerarka RAID waxay ku xiran tahay xajmiga darawallada diskooga, heerka loo baahan yahay ee kalsoonida iyo waxqabadka.

Saxanadaha waxaa loo habeeyey si xogta ay u kala qaybiso saxanadaha iyada oo la iska saarayo taas oo qaybisa culayska, ama waxa lagu habayn karaa iyada oo la adeegsanayo muraayadda xogta taas oo hubinaysa in waxa ku jira dib loo soo celin karo. Waxa kale oo suurtogal ah in la sameeyo xariijimo iyo xog-uruurin si wada jir ah loo helo labada faa'iido. Horaantii waxaa jiray kaliya shan heer oo RAID ah sida RAID 0 , RAID 1 , RAID 2 , RAID 3 IYO RAID 5^{(AND RAID 5)} si kastaba ha ahaatee qorshayaasha hadda waxay u kobceen si ay ugu habboonaadaan codsiyada ballaaran. Darawaliinta waxaa loo habeeyey si loo gaaro ilaalinta xogta la xoojiyey, waxqabadka, iyo awoodda.

Hirgelinta RAID

Tiknoolajiyada RAID^(RAID) waxaa loo hirgelin karaa iyada oo loo marayo RAID -ga hardware halkaas oo dejinta lagu sameeyo iyada oo la isku xidho darawallada Motherboard-ka iyada oo loo marayo qalab gaar ah oo loo yaqaan ' RAID controller' ama sidoo kale waxaa loo hirgelin karaa sida software RAID kaas oo habaynta lagu sameeyo iyada oo si toos ah loogu xirayo darawalada Motherboard-ka qaabeyntiisu tahay. ka dibna ay maamusho software utility ee nidaamka hawlgalka. Nooca  RAID , ha ahaato qalab gaar ah ama software ku habboon codsigaaga waxay ku xiran tahay sida aad rabto in xogtaada loogu qaybiyo darawallo badan. Maqaalkan, waxaan is barbar dhigeynaa labada hirgelinta RAID waxaanan kaa caawineynaa inaad doorato habka ugu fiican ee ^(RAID)RAID ee codsigaaga.

Hardware RAID

Hardware Raid waxay isticmaashaa qalab gaar ah oo loo yaqaan  kontaroolaha RAID si ay u soo kabtaan xogta iyo kaydinta. Hirgelinteedu waxay ku salaysan tahay RAID on-chip technology. Waxay leedahay processor-keeda iyo xusuusta kaydinta si ay ugu socodsiiso codsiga RAID .

Faa'iidooyinka RAID ee Hardware

Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu weyn ee  Hardware RAID waa inuu kor u qaado waxqabadka nidaamka. Sidii hore loo sheegay, Hardware RAID waxay leedahay processor-ka RAID ee u heellan si uu u socodsiiyo codsiga RAID . Dhammaan qaabeynta kakan waxaa lagu farsameeyaa processor go'an. Sidaas awgeed waxa ay kor u qaadaysaa waxqabadka nidaamka iyada oo culays yar saaraysa processor-ka ugu weyn ee kombiyuutarka iyada oo loo qaybinayo waxyaabaha ku jira darawallada iyo soo celinta xogta kaydinta.

• Hardware RAID waxay u isticmaashaa xusuusta kaydka DRAM ee kaydinta iyo soo celinta. Tani waxay u tarjumeysaa waxqabad wanaagsan marka la qorayo kaydinta xogta iyo inta kale waxay leedahay waqti yar oo soo celinta.
• Hardware RAID wuxuu ku daraa xulashooyin badan oo qaabeynta sida qaabeynta isku-dhafka kaas oo bixiya dulqaad wanaagsan oo ku wajahan hal ama in ka badan oo wadida fashilantay.
• Hardware RAID   waxa uu leeyahay unug kayd ah oo baytari oo la dhisay iyo xusuusta dusha sare ee flash-ka ee kaararka RAID . Tani waxay ka hortagtaa musuqmaasuqa xogta inta lagu jiro luminta awoodda.
• Hardware waa la jaan qaada nidaamyada hawlgalka ee kala duwan waxaana laga heli karaa nidaam kasta.

Dib u dhaca qalabka RAID

• Qiimaha Hardware RAID waa ka badan yahay sababtoo ah dejinta waxay u baahan tahay qalab badan.
• Hardware RAID ma siiso waxqabad ka wanaagsan qaar ka mid ah jaangooyooyinka isticmaala kaydinta Flash ( SSD ).

Software RAID

Si ka duwan Hardware RAID, Software^{(RAID Software)} -ka RAID ma isticmaalo qalab gaar ah si uu ugu xidho agabka kaydinta. Halkan aaladaha kaydinta waxay si toos ah ugu xidhan yihiin kombuyuutarka martida loo yahay. Qaybinta macluumaadka guud ahaan wadisyada waxaa maamula oo keliya utility Software ee nidaamka hawlgalka Host .

Faa'iidooyinka Software RAID

• Inta badan nidaamyada hawlgalka ee waaweyn sida Microsoft , Apple iyo  Linux waxay taageeraan qaabeynta RAID Software .^{(Software RAID)}
• Si ka duwan Hardware RAID , dejinta software RAID maaha mid qaali ah maadaama aadan u baahnayn qalab kasta oo u go'ay dejinta RAID . Qaabeynta RAID^(RAID) waxaa lagu sameeyaa nidaamka qalliinka laftiisa.
• Software RAID inta badan waxay ku habboon tahay RAID 0,1,10 fudud oo aan ku keenin culeys badan nidaamka.

Dib u dhaca Software RAID

• Software RAID waxay saameyn kartaa guud ahaan waxqabadka nidaamka marka la samaynayo qaabeynta RAID ee adag. ^(RAID)Hirgelinta software RAID^{(Software RAID)} kuma habboona haddii ay jiraan darawallo badan.
• Heerarka RAID^(RAID) ee xaddidan oo kaliya  ayaa lagu taageeray nidaamka qalliinka waxaana jira baaxad yar oo loogu talagalay socdaalka nidaamka hawlgalka.
• RAID waxay aad ugu nugul tahay fayrasyada iyo weerarada kale ee amniga maadaama ay ku dhex socoto nidaamka kombayutarka martida loo yahay.
• Dhibaatada dhinaca server-ka waxay saameyn kartaa daacadnimada xogta sababtoo ah shilalka nidaamka.

Software RAID vs Hardware RAID - kee^{(Hardware RAID – Which)} fiican?

Nooca RAID ee sida ugu fiican ugu habboon waxqabadka iyo helitaanka xogta way kala duwan tahay codsi ilaa codsi. Software RAID inta badan waxay ku haboon tahay heerka gelitaanka RAID 0,1,10 kaaso aan ku keenin culays badan nidaamka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, looma isticmaali karo sidii xal waxqabad sare leh.

Hardware RAID waxaa inta badan adeegsada arjiga si kor loogu qaado helitaanka iyo waxqabadka halka Software RAID uu inta badan ku habboon yahay goobta shaqada oo leh shuruudaha kaydinta xogta xaddidan iyo server-yada heerka gelitaanka kuwaas oo aan u baahnayn ilaalinta boot.

Taas oo la yiraahdo,  Hardware RAID waxaa loo isticmaalaa xarumaha shaqada ee u baahan kaydinta xogta weyn iyo heerka sare ee waxqabadka. Maadaama Hardware RAID uu isticmaalo kantaroole go'an, waxay aad ugu habboon tahay codsiyada u baahan qaabeynta RAID ee adag oo aan culeys culus ku saarin ilaha nidaamka sida Software RAID .

Marka la soo koobo, Hardware RAID   waa ikhtiyaar soo jiidasho leh oo loogu talagalay dhammaan adeegayaasha heerka gelitaanka ee server-yada heerka ganacsiga si ay u helaan helitaanka ugu sarreeya iyo xallinta waxqabadka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Software RAID waa doorasho soo jiidasho leh haddii aad isku dayeyso inaad lacag ku badbaadiso maalgelinta bilowga ah.

Software RAID vs Hardware RAID - Differences explained

In recent time, RAID technology has been put into service in almost every application such as desktops, servers, laptops, storage devices and in environments which requires a large number of hard disk drives. RAID stands for Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks. It uses storage virtualization technology to improve the performance and reliability of the storage devices.

What is RAID?

RAID technology is a way to virtualize multiple physical disk drives into one or more logical units called RAID levels. The data of each file is distributed among all the disks in several ways referred to as RAID levels. The selection of the RAID levels depends on the size of the disk drives, the required level of reliability and performance.

The disks are configured so that the data is divided among disks through stripping which distributes the load, or they can be configured through data mirroring which ensures the content can be recovered. It is also possible to carry out striping and data mirroring together to gain both benefits. Earlier there were only five RAID levels like RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 2, RAID 3 AND RAID 5 however the schemes have now evolved to suit vast applications. The drivers are configured to achieve enhanced data protection, performance, and capacity.

RAID Implementation

RAID technology can be implemented either as a hardware RAID wherein the setup is done by connecting a drives to motherboard via special hardware called RAID controller or they can also be implemented as software RAID wherein the setup is done by connecting drives directly to motherboard whose configuration is then managed by the utility software in the operating system. The type of  RAID, be it dedicated hardware or software that best suits your application depends on how you want your data to be distributed across multiple drivers. In this article, we compare the two RAID implementation and assist you in choosing the best RAID setup for your application.

Hardware RAID

Hardware Raid uses special hardware called  RAID controller for data recovery and backup. .Its implementation is based on RAID on-chip technology. It has its processor and cache memory to run the RAID application.

Benefits of Hardware RAID

One of the major advantages of the  Hardware RAID is that it boosts system performance. Like said earlier, Hardware RAID has its dedicated RAID processor to run the RAID application. All the complex configuration is processed by a dedicated processor. Thus it boosts system performance by putting less strain on the main computer processor while distributing contents on the drives and restoring the backup data.

• Hardware RAID uses its DRAM cache memory for backup and restoration. This translates to better performance while writing data backups and meanwhile has less downtime for restoration.
• Hardware RAID adds more configuration options like the hybrid configuration which provides better tolerance towards one or more drive failure.
• Hardware RAID  has inbuilt battery backup units and onboard flash memory on RAID cards. This prevents data corruption during loss of power.
• Hardware is compatible with different operating systems and it can be accessed from any system.

Drawbacks of hardware RAID

• The cost of Hardware RAID is more because the setup requires more hardware.
• Hardware RAID doesn’t provide better performance for certain setups that use Flash storage arrays(SSD).

Software RAID

Unlike the Hardware RAID, the RAID Software doesn’t use any special hardware to connect the storage devices. Here the storage devices are directly connected to the host computer. The distribution of content across the drives is managed solely by the utility Software in the Host operating system.

Benefits of Software RAID

• Most of the major operating systems like Microsoft, Apple and  Linux support Software RAID configuration.
• Unlike Hardware RAID, the software RAID setup is not expensive as you don’t need any dedicated hardware for the RAID setup. The RAID configuration is done within the operating system itself.
• Software RAID is mostly suitable for simple RAID 0,1,10 processing which doesn’t cause too much load on the system

Drawbacks of Software RAID

• Software RAID can affect the overall system performance while performing complex RAID configuration. Software RAID implementation is not suitable if there are too many drivers.
• Only limited  RAID levels are supported by the operating system and there is little scope for operating system migration.
• RAID is more vulnerable to viruses and other security attacks as it is running inside the host computer system.
• The server-side problem can impact data integrity due to system crashes.

Software RAID vs Hardware RAID – Which is better?

The type of RAID that best suits the performance and data availability varies from application to application. Software RAID is mostly suitable for the entry-level RAID 0,1,10 processing which doesn’t cause too much load on the system. However, they cannot be used as a high-performance solution.

Hardware RAID is mostly used by the application to scale up the availability and performance whereas Software RAID is mostly suited for the workstation with limited data storage requirements and entry-level servers which do not require boot protection.

That being said,  Hardware RAID is used in work stations that require large data storage and excel in the performance. Since the Hardware RAID uses a dedicated controller, it is more suitable for applications that require complex RAID configurations and don’t impose a heavy load on the system resources like the Software RAID.

In summary, Hardware RAID  is an attractive option for all the entry-level servers to enterprise-level servers to have the highest availability and performance solution. However, Software RAID is an attractive option if you are trying to save some money on the initial investment.

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